Literature for peptidase M27.002: bontoxilysin

Summary Alignment Tree Sequences Sequence features Distribution Structure Literature Substrates Pharma

(Topics flags: S Structure, A Assay, T Target, P Specificity, K Knockout, E Expression, V Review, I Inhibitor, L Localization, U Therapeutic. To select only the references relevant to a single topic, click the link above. See explanation.)

2026

Popoff,M.R. Advances in Clostridial Neurotoxins: Passage of the Intestinal Barrier and Targeting of Specific Neuronal Cells Toxins (Basel) (2026) 18 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC

2025

Gao,L., Nowakowska,M.B., Selby,K., Przykopanski,A., Chen,B., Kruger,M., Douillard,F.P., Lam,K.H., Chen,P., Huang,T., Minton,N.P., Dorner,M.B., Dorner,B.G., Rummel,A., Lindstrom,M. and Jin,R. Botulinum neurotoxins exploit host digestive proteases to boost their oral toxicity via activating OrfXs/P47 Nat Struct Mol Biol (2025) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gardner,A., Sneller,M., Tepp,W.H., Barbieri,J.T. and Pellett,S. Botulinum neurotoxin Light Chain/A1 uses fast synaptic vesicle cycling to cleave plasma membrane bound SNAP-25 Commun Biol (2025) 8, 1383-1383. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Koc,D., Ezgin,S., Kavakli,E., Kota,K.P., Sen,E., Mahone,C., Palko,M.E., Cazares,L.H., Can,T., Tessarollo,L., Bavari,S., Marion,A. and Kiris,E. Phosphorylation of SNAP-25 at Ser187 is enhanced following its cleavage by Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A, promoting the dominant-negative effect of the resulting fragment PLoS Pathog (2025) 21, e1013604-e1013604. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Krc,A., Kosenina,S.P., Nowakowska,M.B., Masuyer,G. and Stenmark,P. Structure of the complete 14-subunit botulinum neurotoxin B complex reveals a unique anchoring through the narrow central pore of HA70 Sci Adv (2025) 11, eadx5058-eadx5058. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Kumar,R. and Singh,B.R. Botulinum Toxin: A Comprehensive Review of Its Molecular Architecture and Mechanistic Action Int J Mol Sci (2025) 26 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC V
Lacy,D.B. Elucidating the crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type A: a personal remembrance J Neural Transm (Vienna) (2025) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lalaurie,C.J., Zloh,M., Higazi,D.R., Bunting,K.A. and Dalby,P.A. Inter-Domain interactions Slow BoNT/A's onset of action J Struct Biol (2025) 217, 108171-108171. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lam,K.H., Gao,L., Przykopanski,A., Chen,B., Huang,T., Kruger,M., Bartels,A.M., Dorner,M.B., Perry,K., Dorner,B.G., Rummel,A. and Jin,R. A nut-and-bolt assembly of the bimodular large progenitor botulinum neurotoxin complex Sci Adv (2025) 11, eadx5831-eadx5831. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Liao,Y., Hu,X., Wang,J., Lu,J., Yu,S., Yu,Y. and Wu,W. Proteolytic Activities and Immunological Effects of Light Chains of Botulinum Neurotoxin A1, A2 and A3 Subtypes Toxins (Basel) (2025) 18 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Lin,M., Karadkhelkar,N., Li,Y., Eubanks,L.M., Tepp,W.H., Pellett,S. and Janda,K.D. Bifunctional Inhibition of Botulinum Neurotoxin A Protease: Unexpected Active Site Inhibition Enhances Covalent Targeting of an Allosteric Site J Med Chem (2025) 68, 8796-8816. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Malik,S., Le,L., Boissy,R.E., Brideau-Andersen,A. and Sondergaard,B. Botulinum neurotoxin type DC (BoNT/DC) cleavage of VAMP3 reduces melanin production in melanocytes Toxicon (2025) 261, 108372-108372. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI K
Monash,A., Tam,J., Rosen,O. and Soreq,H. Botulinum Neurotoxins: History, Mechanism, and Applications. A Narrative Review J Neurochem (2025) 169, e70187-e70187. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Pitel,S., Barnea,A., Diamant,E., Torgeman,A., Noy-Porat,T., Falach,R., Zichel,R., Hayouka,Z. and Ben David,A. Elucidating the activation mechanism of botulinum neurotoxin a: role of alpha-clostripain and NTNH Sci Rep (2025) 15, 37324-37324. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Sondermann,P., Diercks,C.S., Rong,C. and Schultz,P.G. Targeted degradation of alpha-Synuclein using an evolved botulinum toxin protease Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2025) 122, e2426745122-e2426745122. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Van Trinh,T., Nguyen,D.V., Hoang,H.D., Pham,H.V., Ngoc Vu,D., Le,P.V., Le,D.N., Vo,C.V. and Le,L.A.T. Development and selection of candidate monoclonal antibodies for the detection of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype B light chain Protein Expr Purif (2025) 228, 106659-106659. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wang,Y., Zhang,B., Zhang,R., Ding,D., Ma,W., Wang,W., Liu,Z., Zhu,Y., Wang,X., Zhi,D. and Wang,D. EGFP/RFP-based FRET sensors for botulinum neurotoxin A biological activity detection and methodological validation Anal Chim Acta (2025) 1337, 343546-343546. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Zhang,Y., Yang,L., Wang,H., Zhang,H., Feng,Y. and Tan,T. High-efficiency heterologous expression of functional RVG29-BoNT/A light chain fusion protein in Bacillus subtilis based on a combinatorial strategy Int J Biol Macromol (2025) 310, 143226-143226. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI K
Zhu,C., Zhang,L., Yu,W., Tu,Y., Yang,X., Li,D., Wang,H. and Li,T. Unraveling Botulinum Neurotoxin A Light-Chain-Induced Signaling Pathways: A Phosphoproteomic Analysis in a Controlled Cellular Model Int J Mol Sci (2025) 26 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC

2024

Avelar,R. Botulinum Toxin Accessory Proteins: Are They Just an Accessory? Dermatol Surg (2024) 50, S38-S41. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Buzzatto,M.V., Benegas Guerrero,F.C., Alvarez,P.A., Zizzias,M.P., Polo,L.M. and Tomes,C.N. EXPRESSION, PURIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF A RECOMBINANT, MEMBRANE PERMEATING VERSION OF THE LIGHT CHAIN OF BOTULINUM TOXIN B Biosci Rep (2024) 44, BSR20240117-BSR20240117. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Caliskan,C., Simsek,D., Leese,C., Doran,C., Seward,E., Peden,A.A. and Davletov,B. A sensitive cell-based assay for testing potency of Botulinum neurotoxin type A ALTEX (2024) 41, 605-616. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dong,J., Helveston,E.M. and Hanke,C.W. The 200-Year Timeline on Botulinum Toxin: From Biologic Poison to Wonder Drug J Drugs Dermatol (2024) 23, 1357-1359. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gregg,B.M., Gupta,S., Tepp,W.H. and Pellett,S. Expression of Recombinant Clostridial Neurotoxin by C. tetani Microorganisms (2024) 12 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Hoyt,K.M., Barr,J.R., Hopkins,A.O., Dykes,J.K., Luquez,C. and Kalb,S.R. Validation of a clinical assay for botulinum neurotoxins through mass spectrometric detection J Clin Microbiol (2024) , e0162923-e0162923. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Jeffery,I.A. and Karim,S. Botulism (2024) PubMed Europe PubMed
Koc,D., Ibis,K., Besarat,P., Banoglu,E. and Kiris,E. Tirbanibulin (KX2-391) analog KX2-361 inhibits botulinum neurotoxin serotype A mediated SNAP-25 cleavage in pre- and post-intoxication models in cells Drug Dev Res (2024) 85, e22248-e22248. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Majou,D. Endopeptidase activities of Clostridium botulinum toxins in the development of this bacterium Res Microbiol (2024) , 104216-104216. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Martin,V., Carre,D., Bilbault,H., Oster,S., Limana,L., Sebal,F., Favre-Guilmard,C., Kalinichev,M., Leveque,C., Boulifard,V., George,C. and Lezmi,S. Intramuscular Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotypes E and A Elicit Distinct Effects on SNAP25 Protein Fragments, Muscular Histology, Spread and Neuronal Transport: An Integrated Histology-Based Study in the Rat Toxins (Basel) (2024) 16 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Silkina,M.V., Kartseva,A.S., Riabko,A.K., Makarova,M.A., Rogozin,M.M., Romanenko,Y.O., Shemyakin,I.G., Dyatlov,I.A. and Firstova,V.V. New approach to generating of human monoclonal antibodies specific to the proteolytic domain of botulinum neurotoxin A Bioimpacts (2024) 14, 27680-27680. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Zhou,X., Qi,M. and Yang,M. Detection of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) enzymatic activity by pregnancy test strips based on hCG-modified magnetic nanoparticles Mikrochim Acta (2024) 191, 114-114. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2023

Cotter,L., Yu,F., Roqueviere,S., Duchesne de Lamotte,J., Krupp,J., Dong,M. and Nicoleau,C. Split luciferase-based assay to detect botulinum neurotoxins using hiPSC-derived motor neurons Commun Biol (2023) 6, 122-122. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Li,Z., Li,B., Lu,J., Liu,X., Tan,X., Wang,R., Du,P., Yu,S., Xu,Q., Pang,X., Yu,Y. and Yang,Z. Biological and Immunological Characterization of a Functional L-HN Derivative of Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype F Toxins (Basel) (2023) 15 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Lin,L., Patel,E.N., Nielsen,A.L., Turner,L.D., Tepp,W.H., Nguyen,K., Pellett,S. and Janda,K. Transformation of a Metal Chelate into a "Catch and Anchor" Inhibitor of Botulinum A Protease Int J Mol Sci (2023) 24 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Liu,Z., Lee,P.G., Krez,N., Lam,K.H., Liu,H., Przykopanski,A., Chen,P., Yao,G., Zhang,S., Tremblay,J.M., Perry,K., Shoemaker,C.B., Rummel,A., Dong,M. and Jin,R. Structural basis for botulinum neurotoxin E recognition of synaptic vesicle protein 2 Nat Commun (2023) 14, 2338-2338. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Rawson,A.M., Dempster,A.W., Humphreys,C.M. and Minton,N.P. Pathogenicity and virulence of Clostridium botulinum Virulence (2023) 14, 2205251-2205251. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Smith,T.J., Schill,K.M. and Williamson,C.H.D. Navigating the Complexities Involving the Identification of Botulinum Neurotoxins (BoNTs) and the Taxonomy of BoNT-Producing Clostridia Toxins (Basel) (2023) 15 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Tan,X., Zhang,C.C., Lu,J.S., Li,Z.Y., Li,B.L., Liu,X.Y., Yu,Y.Z. and Xu,Q. Biology activity and characterization of the functional L-HN fragment derivative of botulinum neurotoxin serotype E Anaerobe (2023) 82, 102764-102764. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2022

Cleveland,J.D., Taslimi,A., Liu,Q., Van Keuren,A.M., Churchill,M.E.A. and Tucker,C.L. Reprogramming the Cleavage Specificity of Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype B1 ACS Synth Biol (2022) 11, 3318-3329. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dyer,R.P., Isoda,H.M., Salcedo,G.S., Speciale,G., Fletcher,M.H., Le,L.Q., Liu,Y., Brami-Cherrier,K., Malik,S.Z., Vazquez-Cintron,E.J., Chu,A.C., Rupp,D.C., Jacky,B.P.S., Nguyen,T.T.M., Katz,B.B., Steward,L.E., Majumdar,S., Brideau-Andersen,A.D. and Weiss,G.A. Reengineering the specificity of the highly selective Clostridium botulinum protease via directed evolution Sci Rep (2022) 12, 9956-9956. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Fabris,F., Sostaric,P., Matak,I., Binz,T., Toffan,A., Simonato,M., Montecucco,C., Pirazzini,M. and Rossetto,O. Detection of VAMP Proteolysis by Tetanus and Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B In Vivo with a Cleavage-Specific Antibody Int J Mol Sci (2022) 23 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Kumar,D.N., Baider,Z., Elad,D., Blum,S.E. and Shtenberg,G. Botulinum Neurotoxin C Dual Detection through Immunological Recognition and Endopeptidase Activity Using Porous Silicon Interferometers Anal Chem (2022) 94, 5927-5936. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lam,K.H., Tremblay,J.M., Perry,K., Ichtchenko,K., Shoemaker,C.B. and Jin,R. Probing the structure and function of the protease domain of botulinum neurotoxins using single-domain antibodies PLoS Pathog (2022) 18, e1010169-e1010169. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Liu,J., Xu,S., Huang,C., Shen,J., Yu,S., Yu,Y., Sun,Q. and Dai,Q. Synthesis and activity evaluation of selenazole-coupled CPI-1 irreversible bifunctional inhibitors for botulinum toxin A light chain Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2022) 73, 128913-128913. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Patel,E.N., Turner,L.D., Hixon,M.S. and Janda,K.D. Identification of Slow-Binding Inhibitors of the BoNT/A Protease ACS Med Chem Lett (2022) 13, 742-747. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC

2021

Ahsanuddin,S., Roy,S., Nasser,W., Povolotskiy,R. and Paskhover,B. Adverse Events Associated With Botox as Reported in a Food and Drug Administration Database Aesthetic Plast Surg (2021) 45, 1201-1209. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Amezcua,M., Cruz,R.S., Ku,A., Moran,W., Ortega,M.E. and Salzameda,N.T. Discovery of Dipeptides as Potent Botulinum Neurotoxin A Light-Chain Inhibitors ACS Med Chem Lett (2021) 12, 295-301. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Andreou,A.P., Leese,C., Greco,R., Demartini,C., Corrie,E., Simsek,D., Zanaboni,A., Koroleva,K., Lloyd,J.O., Lambru,G., Doran,C., Gafurov,O., Seward,E., Giniatullin,R., Tassorelli,C. and Davletov,B. Double-Binding Botulinum Molecule with Reduced Muscle Paralysis: Evaluation in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Migraine Neurotherapeutics (2021) 18, 556-568. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Blum,T.R., Liu,H., Packer,M.S., Xiong,X., Lee,P.G., Zhang,S., Richter,M., Minasov,G., Satchell,K.J.F., Dong,M. and Liu,D.R. Phage-assisted evolution of botulinum neurotoxin proteases with reprogrammed specificity Science (2021) 371, 803-810. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dong,M. and Stenmark,P. The structure and classification of Botulinum toxins Handb Exp Pharmacol (2021) 263, 11-33. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gardner,A., Tepp,W.H., Bradshaw,M., Barbieri,J.T. and Pellett,S. Resolution of Two Steps in Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A1 Light Chain Localization to the Intracellular Plasma Membrane Int J Mol Sci (2021) 22 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Lin,L., Turner,L.D., Silhar,P., Pellett,S., Johnson,E.A. and Janda,K.D. Identification of 3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethylpyridine-4(1H)-thione as a metal-binding motif for the inhibition of botulinum neurotoxin A RSC Med Chem (2021) 12, 137-143. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Patel,K.B., Kononova,O., Cai,S., Barsegov,V., Parmar,V.S., Kumar,R. and Singh,B.R. Botulinum neurotoxin inhibitor binding dynamics and kinetics relevant for drug design Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj (2021) 1865, 129933-129933. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Song,F., Shen,Y., Wei,Y., Yang,C., Ge,X., Wang,A., Li,C., Wan,Y. and Li,J. Botulinum toxin as an ultrasensitive reporter for bacterial and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid diagnostics Biosens Bioelectron (2021) 176, 112953-112953. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Stenmark,P. Re-engineering Botox Science (2021) 371, 782-782. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Tevell Aberg,A., Karlsson,I. and Hedeland,M. Modification and validation of the Endopep-mass spectrometry method for botulinum neurotoxin detection in liver samples with application to samples collected during animal botulism outbreaks Anal Bioanal Chem (2021) 413, 345-354. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Turner,L.D., Nielsen,A.L., Lin,L., Campedelli,A.J., Silvaggi,N.R., Chen,J.S., Wakefield,A.E., Allen,K.N. and Janda,K.D. Use of Crystallography and Molecular Modeling for the Inhibition of the Botulinum Neurotoxin A Protease ACS Med Chem Lett (2021) 12, 1318-1324. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Xu,D., Zhang,D.S., Hu,X.F. and Hu,M.Y. Evaluation of the efficiency and safety of botulinum toxin A injection on improving facial scars: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis Medicine (Baltimore) (2021) 100, e23034-e23034. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC

2020

Akpinar,O., Ozsimsek,A., Guzel,M. and Naziroglu,M. Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin A induces apoptosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress via activation of TRPM2 channel signaling pathway in neuroblastoma and glioblastoma tumor cells J Recept Signal Transduct Res (2020) , 1-13. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bae,H., Kim,J., Seo,K.K., Hu,K.S., Kim,S.T. and Kim,H.J. Comparison between Conventional Blind Injections and Ultrasound-Guided Injections of Botulinum Toxin Type A into the Masseter: A Clinical Trial Toxins (Basel) (2020) 12 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Behrensdorf-Nicol,H.A., Bonifas,U., Klimek,J., Hanschmann,K.M., Dorner,B.G., Hohenadl,C., Tollner,L., Kegel,B. and Kramer,B. Transferability study of the BINACLE (binding and cleavage) assay for in vitro determination of botulinum neurotoxin activity Biologicals (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bekkers,S., van Ulsen,K.J., Adang,M.M., Scheffer,R.T. and van den Hoogen,J.A. Cost-effectiveness of botulinum neurotoxin A versus surgery for drooling: a randomized clinical trial Dev Med Child Neurol (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bensen,G.P., Rutherford,C.C. and Gardner,T.B. Systemic Botulism Toxicity Caused by Pyloric Botox Injection to Treat Gastroparesis Case Rep Gastroenterol (2020) 14, 373-376. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Brunt,J., van Vliet,A.H.M., Carter,A.T., Stringer,S.C., Amar,C., Grant,K.A., Godbole,G. and Peck,M.W. Diversity of the Genomes and Neurotoxins of Strains of Clostridium botulinum Group I and Clostridium sporogenes Associated with Foodborne, Infant and Wound Botulism Toxins (Basel) (2020) 12 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Cachero,S., Gkantia,M., Bates,A.S., Frechter,S., Blackie,L., McCarthy,A., Sutcliffe,B., Strano,A., Aso,Y. and Jefferis,G.S.X.E. BAcTrace, a tool for retrograde tracing of neuronal circuits in Drosophila Nat Methods (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Eleopra,R., Rinaldo,S., Montecucco,C., Rossetto,O. and Devigili,G. Clinical duration of action of different botulinum toxin types in humans Toxicon (2020) 179, 84-91. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Hasan,F. Manufacturing and clinical formulations of Botulinum neurotoxins Handb Exp Pharmacol (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Klisara,N., Palaniappan,A. and Liedberg,B. Sorbent-incorporated dipstick for direct assaying of proteases Anal Bioanal Chem (2020) 412, 1385-1393. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kohda,T., Tsukamoto,K., Torii,Y., Kozaki,S. and Mukamoto,M. Translocation domain of botulinum neurotoxin A subtype 2 potently induces entry into neuronal cells Microbiol Immunol (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kotteduwa Jayawarden,S., Sandarage,R., Farag,J., Ganzert,C., Winston,P., Mills,P. and Reebye,R. Effect of treating elbow flexor spasticity with botulinum toxin injection and adjunctive casting on hemiparetic gait parameters: A prospective case series J Rehabil Med (2020) 52, jrm00110-jrm00110. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kumar,R., Maksudov,F., Kononova,O., Marx,K.A., Barsegov,V. and Singh,B.R. Botulinum Endopeptidase: SAXS Experiments and MD Simulations Reveal Extended Solution Structures That Account for Its Biochemical Properties J Phys Chem B (2020) 124, 5801-5812. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Matsumura,T., Amatsu,S., Misaki,R., Yutani,M., Du,A., Kohda,T., Fujiyama,K., Ikuta,K. and Fujinaga,Y. Fully human monoclonal antibodies effectively neutralizing Botulinum neurotoxin serotype B Toxins (Basel) (2020) 12 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Morscher,M.A., Thomas,M.D., Sahgal,S. and Adamczyk,M.J. Onabotulinum toxin type A injection into the triceps unmasks elbow flexion in infant brachial plexus birth palsy: A retrospective observational cohort study Medicine (Baltimore) (2020) 99, e21830-e21830. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Senel,E. and Muslu,U. Global Trends of Botulinum Toxin Literature: A Bibliometric Analysis of Botulinum Toxin Publications Between 1975 and 2017 J Cutan Aesthet Surg (2020) 13, 95-102. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Sikorra,S., Donald,S., Elliott,M., Schwede,S., Coker,S.F., Kupinski,A.P., Tripathi,V., Foster,K., Beard,M. and Binz,T. Engineering an Effective Human SNAP-23 Cleaving Botulinum Neurotoxin A Variant Toxins (Basel) (2020) 12 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Thompson,J.C., Dao,W.T., Ku,A., Rodriguez-Beltran,S.L., Amezcua,M., Palomino,A.Y., Lien,T. and Salzameda,N.T. Synthesis and activity of isoleucine sulfonamide derivatives as novel botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem (2020) 28, 115659-115659. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wang,L., Ringelberg,C.S. and Singh,B.R. Dramatic neurological and biological effects by botulinum neurotoxin type A on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, beyond the blockade of neurotransmitter release BMC Pharmacol Toxicol (2020) 21, 66-66. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Winner,B.M., Bodt,S.M.L. and McNutt,P.M. Special Delivery: Potential Mechanisms of Botulinum Neurotoxin Uptake and Trafficking within Motor Nerve Terminals Int J Mol Sci (2020) 21 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Yershov,D. and Partridge,R. Life Threatening Delayed Complication of Botulinum Toxin Injection for Treatment of Spasmodic Dysphonia Prague Med Rep (2020) 121, 114-117. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yin,L., Masuyer,G., Zhang,S., Zhang,J., Miyashita,S.I., Burgin,D., Lovelock,L., Coker,S.F., Fu,T.M., Stenmark,P. and Dong,M. Characterization of a membrane binding loop leads to engineering botulinum neurotoxin B with improved therapeutic efficacy PLoS Biol (2020) 18, e3000618-e3000618. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC

2019

Dong,M., Masuyer,G. and Stenmark,P. Botulinum and Tetanus Neurotoxins Annu Rev Biochem (2019) 88, 811-837. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Elliott,M., Favre-Guilmard,C., Liu,S.M., Maignel,J., Masuyer,G., Beard,M., Boone,C., Carre,D., Kalinichev,M., Lezmi,S., Mir,I., Nicoleau,C., Palan,S., Perier,C., Raban,E., Zhang,S., Dong,M., Stenmark,P. and Krupp,J. Engineered botulinum neurotoxin B with improved binding to human receptors has enhanced efficacy in preclinical models Sci Adv (2019) 5, eaau7196-eaau7196. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC U
Garland,M., Babin,B.M., Miyashita,S.I., Loscher,S., Shen,Y., Dong,M. and Bogyo,M. Covalent modifiers of Botulinum neurotoxin counteract toxin persistence ACS Chem Biol (2019) 14, 76-87. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Halpin,J.L., Dykes,J.K., Katz,L., Centurioni,D.A., Perry,M.J., Egan,C.T. and Luquez,C. Molecular characterization of Clostridium botulinum harboring the bont/B7 gene Foodborne Pathog Dis (2019) 16, 428-433. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Joussain,C., Le Coz,O., Pichugin,A., Marconi,P., Lim,F., Sicurella,M., Salonia,A., Montorsi,F., Wandosell,F., Foster,K., Giuliano,F., Epstein,A.L. and Aranda Munoz,A. Botulinum neurotoxin light chains expressed by defective herpes simplex virus type-1 vectors cleave SNARE proteins and inhibit CGRP release in rat sensory neurons Toxins (Basel) (2019) 11 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kerscher,M., Wanitphakdeedecha,R., Trindade de Almeida,A., Maas,C. and Frevert,J. IncobotulinumtoxinA: a highly purified and precisely manufactured Botulinum neurotoxin type A J Drugs Dermatol (2019) 18, 52-57. PubMed Europe PubMed U
Kutschenko,A., Weisemann,J., Kollewe,K., Fiedler,T., Alvermann,S., Boselt,S., Escher,C., Garde,N., Gingele,S., Kaehler,S.B., Karatschai,R., Kruger,T.H.C., Sikorra,S., Tacik,P., Wegner,F., Wollmann,J., Bigalke,H., Wohlfarth,K. and Rummel,A. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype D - a potential treatment alternative for BoNT/A and B non-responding patients Clin Neurophysiol (2019) 130, 1066-1073. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lin,L., Olson,M.E., Eubanks,L.M. and Janda,K.D. Strategies to counteract Botulinum neurotoxin A: nature's deadliest biomolecule Acc Chem Res (2019) 52, 2322-2331. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Poulain,B. and Popoff,M.R. Why are botulinum neurotoxin-producing bacteria so diverse and botulinum neurotoxins so toxic? Toxins (Basel) (2019) 11 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Rossetto,O. and Montecucco,C. Tables of toxicity of Botulinum and Tetanus neurotoxins Toxins (Basel) (2019) 11 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Snow,D.M., Riling,K., Kimbler,A., Espinoza,Y., Wong,D., Pham,K., Martinez,Z., Kraus,C.N., Conrad,F., Garcia-Rodriguez,C., Cobb,R.R., Marks,J.D. and Tomic,M.T. Safety and pharmacokinetics of a four monoclonal antibody combination against Botulinum C and D neurotoxins Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2019) 63, e01270-19-e01270-19. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
von Berg,L., Stern,D., Pauly,D., Mahrhold,S., Weisemann,J., Jentsch,L., Hansbauer,E.M., Muller,C., Avondet,M.A., Rummel,A., Dorner,M.B. and Dorner,B.G. Functional detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A to F by monoclonal neoepitope-specific antibodies and suspension array technology Sci Rep (2019) 9, 5531-5531. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
von Berg,L., Stern,D., Weisemann,J., Rummel,A., Dorner,M.B. and Dorner,B.G. Optimization of SNAP-25 and VAMP-2 cleavage by Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A-F employing Taguchi design-of-experiments Toxins (Basel) (2019) 11 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A

2018

Ambrin,G., Kumar,R. and Singh,B.R. Differential endopeptidase activity of different forms of type A botulinum neurotoxin: a unique relationship between the size of the substrate and activity of the enzyme Toxicon (2018) 144, 34-41. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Benoit,R.M. Botulinum neurotoxin diversity from a gene-centered view Toxins (Basel) (2018) 10 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Brunt,J., Carter,A.T., Stringer,S.C. and Peck,M.W. Identification of a novel botulinum neurotoxin gene cluster in Enterococcus FEBS Lett (2018) 592, 310-317. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chauhan,R., Chauhan,V., Rao,M.K., Chaudhary,D., Bhagyawant,S. and Dhaked,R.K. High level expression and immunochemical characterization of botulinum neurotoxin type F light chain Protein Expr Purif (2018) 146, 51-60. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Davies,J.R., Liu,S.M. and Acharya,K.R. Variations in the Botulinum neurotoxin binding domain and the potential for novel therapeutics Toxins (Basel) (2018) 10 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dressler,D., Pan,L. and Bigalke,H. Comparing incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin(R)) and onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox(R)): identical potency labelling in the hemidiaphragm assay J Neural Transm (Vienna) (2018) 125, 1351-1354. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Feltrup,T.M., Patel,K., Kumar,R., Cai,S. and Singh,B.R. A novel role of C-terminus in introducing a functionally flexible structure critical for the biological activity of botulinum neurotoxin Sci Rep (2018) 8, 8884-8884. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Garcia-Rodriguez,C., Razai,A., Geren,I.N., Lou,J., Conrad,F., Wen,W.H., Farr-Jones,S., Smith,T.J., Brown,J.L., Skerry,J.C., Smith,L.A. and Marks,J.D. A three monoclonal antibody combination potently neutralizes multiple botulinum neurotoxin serotype E subtypes Toxins (Basel) (2018) 10 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gustafsson,R., Zhang,S., Masuyer,G., Dong,M. and Stenmark,P. Crystal structure of Botulinum neurotoxin A2 in complex with the human protein receptor SV2C reveals plasticity in receptor binding Toxins (Basel) (2018) 10 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Hackett,G., Moore,K., Burgin,D., Hornby,F., Gray,B., Elliott,M., Mir,I. and Beard,M. Purification and characterization of recombinant botulinum neurotoxin serotype FA, also known as serotype H Toxins (Basel) (2018) 10 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Konstantinovic,J., Kiris,E., Kota,K.P., Kugelman-Tonos,J., Videnovic,M., Cazares,L.H., Terzic Jovanovic,N., Verbic,T.Z., Andjelkovic,B., Duplantier,A.J., Bavari,S. and Solaja,B.A. New steroidal 4-aminoquinolines antagonize botulinum neurotoxin serotype A in mouse embryonic stem cell derived motor neurons in postintoxication model J Med Chem (2018) 61, 1595-1608. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Lam,K.H., Sikorra,S., Weisemann,J., Maatsch,H., Perry,K., Rummel,A., Binz,T. and Jin,R. Structural and biochemical characterization of the protease domain of the mosaic botulinum neurotoxin type HA Pathog Dis (2018) 76, fty044-fty044. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Moritz,M.S., Tepp,W.H., Bradshaw,M., Johnson,E.A. and Pellett,S. Isolation and characterization of the novel botulinum neurotoxin A subtype 6 mSphere (2018) 3 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Nugent,M., Yusef,Y.R., Meng,J., Wang,J. and Dolly,J.O. A SNAP-25 cleaving chimera of botulinum neurotoxin /A and /E prevents TNFalpha-induced elevation of the activities of native TRP channels on early postnatal rat dorsal root ganglion neurons Neuropharmacology (2018) 138, 257-266. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pellett,S., Bradshaw,M., Tepp,W.H., Pier,C.L., Whitemarsh,R.C.M., Chen,C., Barbieri,J.T. and Johnson,E.A. The light chain defines the duration of action of botulinum toxin serotype A subtypes MBio (2018) 9 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Pellett,S., Tepp,W.H., Lin,G. and Johnson,E.A. Substrate cleavage and duration of action of botulinum neurotoxin type FA ("H, HA") Toxicon (2018) 147, 38-46. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sikorra,S., Skiba,M., Dorner,M.B., Weisemann,J., Weil,M., Valdezate,S., Davletov,B., Rummel,A., Dorner,B.G. and Binz,T. Botulinum neurotoxin F subtypes cleaving the VAMP-2 Q(58)(-)K(59) peptide bond exhibit unique catalytic properties and substrate specificities Toxins (Basel) (2018) 10 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Tehran,D.A. and Pirazzini,M. Novel botulinum neurotoxins: exploring underneath the iceberg tip Toxins (Basel) (2018) 10 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Zhang,S., Lebreton,F., Mansfield,M.J., Miyashita,S.I., Zhang,J., Schwartzman,J.A., Tao,L., Masuyer,G., Martinez-Carranza,M., Stenmark,P., Gilmore,M.S., Doxey,A.C. and Dong,M. Identification of a botulinum neurotoxin-like toxin in a commensal strain of Enterococcus faecium Cell Host Microbe (2018) 23, 169-176. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2017

Awan,K.H. The therapeutic usage of botulinum toxin (Botox) in non-cosmetic head and neck conditions - An evidence based review Saudi Pharm J (2017) 25, 18-24. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC U
Bremer,P.T., Adler,M., Phung,C.H., Singh,A.K. and Janda,K.D. Newly designed quinolinol inhibitors mitigate the effects of Botulinum neurotoxin A in enzymatic, cell-based and ex vivo assays J Med Chem (2017) 60, 338-348. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Bremer,P.T., Pellett,S., Carolan,J.P., Tepp,W.H., Eubanks,L.M., Allen,K.N., Johnson,E.A. and Janda,K.D. Metal ions effectively ablate the action of botulinum neurotoxin A J Am Chem Soc (2017) 139, 7264-7272. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Burns,J.R., Lambert,G.S. and Baldwin,M.R. Insights into the mechanisms by which clostridial neurotoxins discriminate between gangliosides Biochemistry (2017) 56, 2571-2583. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dhaliwal,H.K., Thiruvanakarasu,N., Kumar,R., Patel,K., Ambrin,G., Cai,S. and Singh,B.R. High yield preparation of functionally active catalytic-translocation domain module of Botulinum neurotoxin type A that exhibits uniquely different enzyme kinetics Protein J (2017) 36, 489-501. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Elliott,M., Maignel,J., Liu,S.M., Favre-Guilmard,C., Mir,I., Farrow,P., Hornby,F., Marlin,S., Palan,S., Beard,M. and Krupp,J. Augmentation of VAMP-catalytic activity of botulinum neurotoxin serotype B does not result in increased potency in physiological systems PLoS ONE (2017) 12, e0185628-e0185628. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Halpin,J.L., Hill,K., Johnson,S.L., Bruce,D.C., Shirey,T.B., Dykes,J.K. and Luquez,C. Finished whole-genome sequence of Clostridium argentinense producing botulinum neurotoxin type G Genome Announc (2017) 5 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Harrell,W.A., Jr., Vieira,R.C., Ensel,S.M., Montgomery,V., Guernieri,R., Eccard,V.S., Campbell,Y., Roxas-Duncan,V., Cardellina,J.H.2., Webb,R.P. and Smith,L.A. A matrix-focused structure-activity and binding site flexibility study of quinolinol inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2017) 27, 675-678. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Jacobson,A.R., Adler,M., Silvaggi,N.R., Allen,K.N., Smith,G.M., Fredenburg,R.A., Stein,R.L., Park,J.B., Feng,X., Shoemaker,C.B., Deshpande,S.S., Goodnough,M.C., Malizio,C.J., Johnson,E.A., Pellett,S., Tepp,W.H. and Tzipori,S. Small molecule metalloprotease inhibitor with in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo efficacy against botulinum neurotoxin serotype A Toxicon (2017) 137, 36-47. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Liu,J., Gao,S., Kang,L., Ji,B., Xin,W., Kang,J., Li,P., Gao,J., Wang,H., Wang,J. and Yang,H. An ultrasensitive gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow test for the detection of active botulinum neurotoxin type A Nanoscale Res Lett (2017) 12, 227-227. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Minnow,Y.V., Goldberg,R., Tummalapalli,S.R., Rotella,D.P. and Goodey,N.M. Mechanism of inhibition of botulinum neurotoxin type A light chain by two quinolinol compounds Arch Biochem Biophys (2017) 618, 15-22. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Olbrich,K., Costard,L., Moser,C.V., Syhr,K.M., King-Himmelreich,T.S., Wolters,M.C., Schmidtko,A., Geisslinger,G. and Niederberger,E. Cleavage of SNAP-25 ameliorates cancer pain in a mouse model of melanoma Eur J Pain (2017) 21, 101-111. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Patel,K., Halevi,S., Melman,P., Schwartz,J., Cai,S. and Singh,B.R. A novel surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the rapid detection of botulinum neurotoxins Biosensors (Basel) (2017) 7 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Peck,M.W., Smith,T.J., Anniballi,F., Austin,J.W., Bano,L., Bradshaw,M., Cuervo,P., Cheng,L.W., Derman,Y., Dorner,B.G., Fisher,A., Hill,K.K., Kalb,S.R., Korkeala,H., Lindstrom,M., Lista,F., Luquez,C., Mazuet,C., Pirazzini,M., Popoff,M.R., Rossetto,O., Rummel,A., Sesardic,D., Singh,B.R. and Stringer,S.C. Historical perspectives and guidelines for botulinum neurotoxin subtype nomenclature Toxins (Basel) (2017) 9 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Rosen,O., Feldberg,L., Dor,E., Gura,S. and Zichel,R. Optimization of SNAP-25-derived peptide substrate for improved detection of botulinum A in the Endopep-MS assay Anal Biochem (2017) 528, 34-37. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Rust,A., Doran,C., Hart,R., Binz,T., Stickings,P., Sesardic,D., Peden,A.A. and Davletov,B. A cell line for detection of botulinum neurotoxin type B Front Pharmacol (2017) 8, 796-796. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Scheps,D., Lopez de la Paz,M., Jurk,M., Hofmann,F. and Frevert,J. Design of modified botulinum neurotoxin A1 variants with a shorter persistence of paralysis and duration of action Toxicon (2017) 139, 101-108. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sorouri,R., Bagheri,H., Afkhami,A. and Salimian,J. Fabrication of a novel highly sensitive and selective immunosensor for botulinum neurotoxin serotype A based on an effective platform of electrosynthesized gold nanodendrites/chitosan nanoparticles Sensors (Basel) (2017) 17 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Tao,L., Peng,L., Berntsson,R.P., Liu,S.M., Park,S., Yu,F., Boone,C., Palan,S., Beard,M., Chabrier,P.E., Stenmark,P., Krupp,J. and Dong,M. Engineered botulinum neurotoxin B with improved efficacy for targeting human receptors Nat Commun (2017) 8, 53-53. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Wang,D., Baudys,J., Hoyt,K.M., Barr,J.R. and Kalb,S.R. Further optimization of peptide substrate enhanced assay performance for BoNT/A detection by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry Anal Bioanal Chem (2017) 409, 4779-4786. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Wang,J., Casals-Diaz,L., Zurawski,T., Meng,J., Moriarty,O., Nealon,J., Edupuganti,O.P. and Dolly,O. A novel therapeutic with two SNAP-25 inactivating proteases shows long-lasting anti-hyperalgesic activity in a rat model of neuropathic pain Neuropharmacology (2017) 118, 223-232. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Xue,S., Seki,H., Remes,M., Silhar,P. and Janda,K. Examination of alpha-exosite inhibitors against Botulinum neurotoxin A protease through structure-activity relationship studies of chicoric acid Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2017) 27, 4956-4959. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Yao,G., Lam,K.H., Weisemann,J., Peng,L., Krez,N., Perry,K., Shoemaker,C.B., Dong,M., Rummel,A. and Jin,R. A camelid single-domain antibody neutralizes botulinum neurotoxin A by blocking host receptor binding Sci Rep (2017) 7, 7438-7438. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Zhang,S., Masuyer,G., Zhang,J., Shen,Y., Lundin,D., Henriksson,L., Miyashita,S.I., Martinez-Carranza,M., Dong,M. and Stenmark,P. Identification and characterization of a novel botulinum neurotoxin Nat Commun (2017) 8, 14130-14130. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC

2016

Bremer,P.T., Xue,S. and Janda,K.D. Picolinic acids as beta-exosite inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin A light chain Chem Commun (Camb) (2016) 52, 12521-12524. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Chang,T.W., Janardhanan,P., Mello,C.M., Singh,B.R. and Cai,S. Selection of RNA aptamers against botulinum neurotoxin type A light chain through a non-radioactive approach Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2016) 180, 10-25. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Chen,S. and Barbieri,J.T. Solubility of the catalytic domains of Botulinum neurotoxin serotype E subtypes Protein Expr Purif (2016) 118, 18-24. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Derman,Y., Selby,K., Miethe,S., Frenzel,A., Liu,Y., Rasetti-Escargueil,C., Avril,A., Pelat,T., Urbain,R., Fontayne,A., Thullier,P., Sesardic,D., Lindstrom,M., Hust,M. and Korkeala,H. Neutralization of Botulinum neurotoxin type E by a humanized antibody Toxins (Basel) (2016) 8 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dutta,S.R., Passi,D., Singh,M., Singh,P., Sharma,S. and Sharma,A. Botulinum toxin the poison that heals: a brief review Natl J Maxillofac Surg (2016) 7, 10-16. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC V
Fan,Y., Barash,J.R., Lou,J., Conrad,F., Marks,J.D. and Arnon,S.S. Immunological characterization and neutralizing ability of monoclonal antibodies directed against botulinum neurotoxin type H J Infect Dis (2016) 213, 1606-1614. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Guo,J., Chan,E.W. and Chen,S. Comparative characterization of botulinum neurotoxin subtypes F1 and F7 featuring differential substrate recognition and cleavage mechanisms Toxicon (2016) 111, 77-85. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Guo,J., Chan,E.W. and Chen,S. Mechanism of substrate recognition by the novel Botulinum neurotoxin subtype F5 Sci Rep (2016) 6, 19875-19875. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC P
Hansbauer,E.M., Skiba,M., Endermann,T., Weisemann,J., Stern,D., Dorner,M.B., Finkenwirth,F., Wolf,J., Luginbuhl,W., Messelhausser,U., Bellanger,L., Woudstra,C., Rummel,A., Fach,P. and Dorner,B.G. Detection, differentiation, and identification of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes C, CD, D, and DC by highly specific immunoassays and mass spectrometry Analyst (2016) 141, 5281-5297. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kolesnikov,A.V., Kozyr,A.V., Ryabko,A.K. and Shemyakin,I.G. Ultrasensitive detection of protease activity of anthrax and botulinum toxins by a new PCR-based assay Pathog Dis (2016) 74, ftv112- PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kumar,G., Agarwal,R. and Swaminathan,S. Small molecule non-peptide inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype E: structure-activity relationship and a pharmacophore model Bioorg Med Chem (2016) 24, 3978-3985. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Maslanka,S.E., Luquez,C., Dykes,J.K., Tepp,W.H., Pier,C.L., Pellett,S., Raphael,B.H., Kalb,S.R., Barr,J.R., Rao,A. and Johnson,E.A. A novel botulinum neurotoxin, previously reported as serotype H, has a hybrid-like structure with regions of similarity to the structures of serotypes A and F and is neutralized with serotype A antitoxin J Infect Dis (2016) 213, 379-385. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Montecucco,C. and Zanotti,G. Botulinum neurotoxin A1 likes it double sweet Nat Struct Mol Biol (2016) 23, 619-621. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pellett,S., Tepp,W.H., Bradshaw,M., Kalb,S.R., Dykes,J.K., Lin,G., Nawrocki,E.M., Pier,C.L., Barr,J.R., Maslanka,S.E. and Johnson,E.A. Purification and characterization of botulinum neurotoxin FA from a genetically modified Clostridium botulinum strain mSphere (2016) 1 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Saffarian,P., Peerayeh,S.N., Amani,J., Ebrahimi,F., Sedighian,H., Halabian,R. and Fooladi,A.A. TAT-BoNT/A(1-448) a novel fusion protein as a therapeutic agent: analysis of transcutaneous delivery and enzyme activity Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2016) 100, 2785-2795. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sikorra,S., Litschko,C., Muller,C., Thiel,N., Galli,T., Eichner,T. and Binz,T. Identification and characterization of botulinum neurotoxin A substrate binding pockets and their re-engineering for human SNAP-23 J Mol Biol (2016) 428, 372-384. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Vazquez-Cintron,E., Tenezaca,L., Angeles,C., Syngkon,A., Liublinska,V., Ichtchenko,K. and Band,P. Pre-clinical study of a novel recombinant Botulinum neurotoxin derivative engineered for improved safety Sci Rep (2016) 6, 30429-30429. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC U
Zhou,Y., McGillick,B.E., Teng,Y.G., Haranahalli,K., Ojima,I., Swaminathan,S. and Rizzo,R.C. Identification of small molecule inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype E via footprint similarity Bioorg Med Chem (2016) 24, 4875-4889. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I

2015

Behrensdorf-Nicol,H.A., Weisser,K. and Kramer,B. "BINACLE" assay for in vitro detection of active tetanus neurotoxin in toxoids ALTEX (2015) 32, 137-142. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Benoit,R.M., Frey,D., Wieser,M.M., Thieltges,K.M., Jaussi,R., Capitani,G. and Kammerer,R.A. Structure of the BoNT/A1 - receptor complex Toxicon (2015) 107, 25-31. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Carter,A.T. and Peck,M.W. Genomes, neurotoxins and biology of Clostridium botulinum Group I and Group II Res Microbiol (2015) 166, 303-317. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Cheng,L.W., Henderson,T.D., Lam,T.I. and Stanker,L.H. Use of monoclonal antibodies in the sensitive detection and neutralization of botulinum neurotoxin serotype B Toxins (Basel) (2015) 7, 5068-5078. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Fan,Y., Geren,I.N., Dong,J., Lou,J., Wen,W., Conrad,F., Smith,T.J., Smith,L.A., Ho,M., Pires-Alves,M., Wilson,B.A. and Marks,J.D. Monoclonal antibodies targeting the alpha-exosite of botulinum neurotoxin serotype/A inhibit catalytic activity PLoS ONE (2015) 10, e0135306-e0135306. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Fan,Y., Dong,J., Lou,J., Wen,W., Conrad,F., Geren,I.N., Garcia-Rodriguez,C., Smith,T.J., Smith,L.A., Ho,M., Pires-Alves,M., Wilson,B.A. and Marks,J.D. Monoclonal antibodies that inhibit the proteolytic activity of botulinum neurotoxin serotype/B Toxins (Basel) (2015) 7, 3405-3423. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Farrow,B., Wong,M., Malette,J., Lai,B., Deyle,K.M., Das,S., Nag,A., Agnew,H.D. and Heath,J.R. Epitope targeting of tertiary protein structure enables target-guided synthesis of a potent in-cell inhibitor of Botulinum neurotoxin Angew Chem Int Ed Engl (2015) 54, 7114-7119. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Guo,J., Wang,J., Gao,S., Ji,B., Waichi Chan,E. and Chen,S. Substrate-based inhibitors exhibiting excellent protective and therapeutic effects against Botulinum neurotoxin A intoxication Sci Rep (2015) 5, 16981-16981. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Guo,J. and Chen,S. Expression and biochemical characterization of light chains of Botulinum neurotoxin subtypes F5 and F7 Protein Expr Purif (2015) 111, 87-90. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Kalb,S.R., Baudys,J., Wang,D. and Barr,J.R. Recommended mass spectrometry-based strategies to identify botulinum neurotoxin-containing samples Toxins (Basel) (2015) 7, 1765-1778. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Kalb,S.R., Baudys,J., Raphael,B.H., Dykes,J.K., Luquez,C., Maslanka,S.E. and Barr,J.R. Functional characterization of botulinum neurotoxin serotype H as a hybrid of known serotypes F and A (BoNT F/A) Anal Chem (2015) 87, 3911-3917. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kalb,S.R., Krilich,J.C., Dykes,J.K., Luquez,C., Maslanka,S.E. and Barr,J.R. Detection of botulinum toxins A, B, E, and F in foods by Endopep-MS J Agric Food Chem (2015) 63, 1133-1141. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kostrzewa,R.M., Kostrzewa,R.A. and Kostrzewa,J.P. Botulinum neurotoxin: Progress in negating its neurotoxicity; and in extending its therapeutic utility via molecular engineering. MiniReview Peptides (2015) 72, 80-87. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Kull,S., Schulz,K.M., Strotmeier,J.W., Kirchner,S., Schreiber,T., Bollenbach,A., Dabrowski,P.W., Nitsche,A., Kalb,S.R., Dorner,M.B., Barr,J.R., Rummel,A. and Dorner,B.G. Isolation and functional characterization of the novel Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin A8 subtype PLoS ONE (2015) 10, e0116381-e0116381. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Kumar,G. and Swaminathan,S. Recent developments with metalloprotease inhibitor class of drug candidates for botulinum neurotoxins Curr Top Med Chem (2015) 15, 685-695. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Kumar,R., Cai,S., Ojadi,E. and Singh,B.R. Resolution of sub-nanosecond motions in botulinum neurotoxin endopeptidase: an evidence of internal flexibility Biochim Biophys Acta (2015) 1854, 321-326. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Masuyer,G., Davies,J.R., Moore,K., Chaddock,J.A. and Ravi Acharya,K. Structural analysis of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type D as a platform for the development of targeted secretion inhibitors Sci Rep (2015) 5, 13397-13397. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Matak,I. and Lackovic,Z. Botulinum neurotoxin type A: actions beyond SNAP-25? Toxicology (2015) 335, 79-84. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Montecucco,C. and Rasotto,M.B. On botulinum neurotoxin variability MBio (2015) 6 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Montgomery,V.A., Ahmed,S.A., Olson,M.A., Mizanur,R.M., Stafford,R.G., Roxas-Duncan,V.I. and Smith,L.A. Ex vivo inhibition of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin types B, C, E, and F by small molecular weight inhibitors Toxicon (2015) 98C, 12-19. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Park,S., Shin,Y.M., Song,J.J. and Yang,H. Facile electrochemical detection of botulinum neurotoxin type E using a two-step proteolytic cleavage Biosens Bioelectron (2015) 72, 211-217. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Pellett,S., Tepp,W.H., Whitemarsh,R.C., Bradshaw,M. and Johnson,E.A. In vivo onset and duration of action varies for botulinum neurotoxin A subtypes 1-5 Toxicon (2015) 107, 37-42. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Rosen,O., Feldberg,L., Gura,S. and Zichel,R. A new peptide substrate for enhanced botulinum neurotoxin type B detection by endopeptidase-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry/multiple reaction monitoring assay Anal Biochem (2015) 473, 7-10. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Rosen,O., Feldberg,L., Gura,S., Brosh-Nissimov,T., Guri,A., Zimhony,O., Shapiro,E., Beth-Din,A., Stein,D., Ozeri,E., Barnea,A., Turgeman,A., Ben David,A., Schwartz,A., Elhanany,E., Diamant,E., Yitzhaki,S. and Zichel,R. Early, real-time medical diagnosis of botulism by endopeptidase-mass spectrometry Clin Infect Dis (2015) 61, e58-e61. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Rossetto,O., Pirazzini,M. and Montecucco,C. Current gaps in basic science knowledge of botulinum neurotoxin biological actions Toxicon (2015) 107, 59-63. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Savage,A.C., Buckley,N., Halliwell,J. and Gwenin,C. Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes detected by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Toxins (Basel) (2015) 7, 1544-1555. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Seki,H., Xue,S., Hixon,M.S., Pellett,S., Remes Combining Breve,M., Johnson,E.A. and Janda,K.D. Toward the discovery of dual inhibitors for botulinum neurotoxin A: concomitant targeting of endocytosis and light chain protease activity Chem Commun (Camb) (2015) 51, 6226-6229. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Smith,T.J., Hill,K.K., Xie,G., Foley,B.T., Williamson,C.H., Foster,J.T., Johnson,S.L., Chertkov,O., Teshima,H., Gibbons,H.S., Johnsky,L.A., Karavis,M.A. and Smith,L.A. Genomic sequences of six botulinum neurotoxin-producing strains representing three clostridial species illustrate the mobility and diversity of botulinum neurotoxin genes Infect Genet Evol (2015) 30C, 102-113. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
van Uhm,J.I., Visser,G.W., van der Schans,M.J., Geldof,A.A., Meuleman,E.J. and Nieuwenhuijzen,J.A. The ultimate radiochemical nightmare: upon radio-iodination of Botulinum neurotoxin A, the introduced iodine atom itself seems to be fatal for the bioactivity of this macromolecule EJNMMI Res (2015) 5, 5-5. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Wang,D., Krilich,J., Baudys,J., Barr,J.R. and Kalb,S.R. Enhanced detection of type C botulinum neurotoxin by the Endopep-MS assay through optimization of peptide substrates Bioorg Med Chem (2015) 23, 3667-3673. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A

2014

Barash,J.R. and Arnon,S.S. A novel strain of Clostridium botulinum that produces type B and type H Botulinum toxins J Infect Dis (2014) 209, 183-191. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bradshaw,M., Tepp,W.H., Whitemarsh,R.C., Pellett,S. and Johnson,E.A. Holotoxin activity of botulinum neurotoxin subtype A4 originating from a nontoxigenic Clostridium botulinum expression system Appl Environ Microbiol (2014) 80, 7415-7422. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bremer,P.T., Hixon,M.S. and Janda,K.D. Benzoquinones as inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A Bioorg Med Chem (2014) 22, 3971-3981. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Caglic,D., Krutein,M.C., Bompiani,K.M., Barlow,D.J., Benoni,G., Pelletier,J.C., Reitz,A.B., Lairson,L.L., Houseknecht,K.L., Smith,G.R. and Dickerson,T.J. Identification of clinically viable quinolinol inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin A light chain J Med Chem (2014) 57, 669-676. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Dickerson,T.J., Smith,G.R., Pelletier,J.C. and Reitz,A.B. 8-Hydroxyquinoline and hydroxamic acid inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin BoNT/A Curr Top Med Chem (2014) 14, 2094-2102. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Dickerson,T.J., Smith,G.R. and Reitz,A.B. Inhibition of botulinum neurotoxin BoNT/A Curr Top Med Chem (2014) 14, 2043-2043. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Dolly,J.O. and Lawrence,G.W. Chapter 3: Molecular basis for the therapeutic effectiveness of botulinum neurotoxin type A Neurourol Urodyn (2014) 33 Suppl 3, S14-S20. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Dover,N., Barash,J.R., Hill,K.K., Xie,G. and Arnon,S.S. Molecular characterization of a novel botulinum neurotoxin type H gene J Infect Dis (2014) 209, 192-202. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gregory,R.W., Werner,W.E. and Ruegg,C. A quantitative bifunctional in vitro potency assay for botulinum neurotoxin serotype A J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods (2014) 69, 103-107. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Guo,J., Xu,C., Li,X. and Chen,S. A simple, rapid and sensitive FRET assay for Botulinum neurotoxin serotype B detection PLoS ONE (2014) 9, e114124-e114124. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Hu,X., Legler,P.M., Southall,N., Maloney,D.J., Simeonov,A. and Jadhav,A. Structural insight into exosite binding and discovery of novel exosite inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A through in silico screening J Comput Aided Mol Des (2014) 28, 765-778. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Kiris,E., Burnett,J.C., Kane,C.D. and Bavari,S. Recent advances in botulinum neurotoxin inhibitor development Curr Top Med Chem (2014) 14, 2044-2061. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Kota,K.P., Soloveva,V., Wanner,L.M., Gomba,G., Kiris,E., Panchal,R.G., Kane,C.D. and Bavari,S. A high content imaging assay for identification of botulinum neurotoxin inhibitors J Vis Exp (2014) , e51915-e51915. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kumar,R., Kukreja,R.V., Cai,S. and Singh,B.R. Differential role of molten globule and protein folding in distinguishing unique features of botulinum neurotoxin Biochim Biophys Acta (2014) 1844, 1145-1152. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kumar,R., Kukreja,R.V., Li,L., Zhmurov,A., Kononova,O., Cai,S., Ahmed,S.A., Barsegov,V. and Singh,B.R. Botulinum neurotoxin: unique folding of enzyme domain of the most-poisonous poison J Biomol Struct Dyn (2014) 32, 804-815. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kwon,S.J., Jeong,E.J., Yoo,Y.C., Cai,C., Yang,G.H., Lee,J.C., Dordick,J.S., Linhardt,R.J. and Lee,K.B. High sensitivity detection of active botulinum neurotoxin by glyco-quantitative polymerase chain-reaction Anal Chem (2014) 86, 2279-2284. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Leveque,C., Ferracci,G., Maulet,Y., Mazuet,C., Popoff,M., Seagar,M. and El Far,O. Direct biosensor detection of botulinum neurotoxin endopeptidase activity in sera from patients with type A botulism Biosens Bioelectron (2014) 57, 207-212. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Liu,X., Wang,Y., Chen,P., Wang,Y., Zhang,J., Aili,D. and Liedberg,B. Biofunctionalized gold nanoparticles for colorimetric sensing of Botulinum neurotoxin A light chain Anal Chem (2014) 86, 2345-2352. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Patel,K., Cai,S. and Singh,B.R. Current strategies for designing antidotes against botulinum neurotoxins Expert Opin Drug Discov (2014) 9, 319-333. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI T
Seki,H., Pellett,S., Silhar,P., Stowe,G.N., Blanco,B., Lardy,M.A., Johnson,E.A. and Janda,K.D. Synthesis/biological evaluation of hydroxamic acids and their prodrugs as inhibitors for Botulinum neurotoxin A light chain Bioorg Med Chem (2014) 22, 1208-1217. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Shi,J., Guo,J., Bai,G., Chan,C., Liu,X., Ye,W., Hao,J., Chen,S. and Yang,M. A graphene oxide based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) enzymatic activity Biosens Bioelectron (2014) 65C, 238-244. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Vagin,O., Tokhtaeva,E., Garay,P.E., Souda,P., Bassilian,S., Whitelegge,J.P., Lewis,R., Sachs,G., Wheeler,L., Aoki,R. and Fernandez-Salas,E. Recruitment of septin cytoskeletal proteins by Botulinum toxin A protease determines its remarkable stability J Cell Sci (2014) 127, 3294-3308. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Xue,S., Javor,S., Hixon,M.S. and Janda,K.D. Probing BoNT/A protease exosites: implications for inhibitor design and light chain longevity Biochemistry (2014) 53, 6820-6824. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S

2013

Bagramyan,K., Kaplan,B.E., Cheng,L.W., Strotmeier,J., Rummel,A. and Kalkum,M. Substrates and controls for the quantitative detection of active botulinum neurotoxin in protease-containing samples Anal Chem (2013) 85, 5569-5576. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Bigalke,H. Botulinum toxin: application, safety, and limitations Curr Top Microbiol Immunol (2013) 364, 307-317. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Binz,T. Clostridial neurotoxin light chains: devices for SNARE cleavage mediated blockade of neurotransmission Curr Top Microbiol Immunol (2013) 364, 139-157. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Bok,S., Korampally,V., Darr,C.M., Folk,W.R., Polo-Parada,L., Gangopadhyay,K. and Gangopadhyay,S. Femtogram-level detection of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A by sandwich immunoassay using nanoporous substrate and ultra-bright fluorescent suprananoparticles Biosens Bioelectron (2013) 41, 409-416. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Bryant,A.M., Davis,J., Cai,S. and Singh,B.R. Molecular composition and extinction coefficient of native botulinum neurotoxin complex produced by Clostridium botulinum Hall A strain Protein J (2013) 32, 106-117. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Caglic,D., Bompiani,K.M., Krutein,M.C., Capek,P. and Dickerson,T.J. A high-throughput-compatible FRET-based platform for identification and characterization of Botulinum neurotoxin light chain modulators J Vis Exp (2013) , 50908-50908. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Dadgar,S., Ramjan,Z. and Floriano,W.B. Paclitaxel is an inhibitor and its boron dipyrromethene derivative is a fluorescent recognition agent for botulinum neurotoxin subtype A J Med Chem (2013) 56, 2791-2803. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI L I
Dover,N., Barash,J.R., Hill,K.K., Davenport,K.W., Teshima,H., Xie,G. and Arnon,S.S. Clostridium botulinum strain Af84 contains three neurotoxin gene clusters: bont/A2, bont/F4 and bont/F5 PLoS ONE (2013) 8, e61205-e61205. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Eleopra,R., Montecucco,C., Devigili,G., Lettieri,C., Rinaldo,S., Verriello,L., Pirazzini,M., Caccin,P. and Rossetto,O. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype D is poorly effective in humans: an in vivo electrophysiological study Clin Neurophysiol (2013) 124, 999-1004. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Guo,J. and Chen,S. Unique substrate recognition mechanism of the botulinum neurotoxin D light chain J Biol Chem (2013) 288, 27881-27887. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Halliwell,J. and Gwenin,C. A label free colorimetric assay for the detection of active Botulinum neurotoxin type A by SNAP-25 conjugated colloidal gold Toxins (Basel) (2013) 5, 1381-1391. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Hawlitschka,A., Antipova,V., Schmitt,O., Witt,M., Benecke,R., Mix,E. and Wree,A. Intracerebrally applied Botulinum neurotoxin in experimental neuroscience Curr Pharm Biotechnol (2013) 14, 124-130. PubMed Europe PubMed U
Lawrence,G.W., Ovsepian,S.V., Wang,J., Aoki,K.R. and Dolly,J.O. Therapeutic effectiveness of botulinum neurotoxin A: Potent blockade of autonomic transmission by targeted cleavage of only the pertinent SNAP-25 Neuropharmacology (2013) 70, 287-295. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Lee,K., Gu,S., Jin,L., Le,T.T., Cheng,L.W., Strotmeier,J., Kruel,A.M., Yao,G., Perry,K., Rummel,A. and Jin,R. Structure of a bimodular botulinum neurotoxin complex provides insights into its oral toxicity PLoS Pathog (2013) 9, e1003690-e1003690. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Leveque,C., Ferracci,G., Maulet,Y., Grand-Masson,C., Blanchard,M.P., Seagar,M. and El Far,O. A substrate sensor chip to assay the enzymatic activity of Botulinum neurotoxin A Biosens Bioelectron (2013) 49, 276-281. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Mizanur,R.M., Frasca,V., Swaminathan,S., Bavari,S., Webb,R., Smith,L.A. and Ahmed,S.A. The C terminus of the catalytic domain of type A Botulinum neurotoxin may facilitate product release from the active site J Biol Chem (2013) 288, 24223-24233. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ouimet,T., Duquesnoy,S., Poras,H., Fournie-Zaluski,M.C. and Roques,B.P. Comparison of fluorigenic peptide substrates PL50, SNAPtide, and BoTest A/E for BoNT/A detection and quantification: exosite binding confers high-assay sensitivity J Biomol Screen (2013) 18, 726-735. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Rossetto,O., Scorzeto,M., Megighian,A. and Montecucco,C. Tetanus neurotoxin Toxicon (2013) 66, 59-63. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Silhar,P., Lardy,M.A., Hixon,M.S., Shoemaker,C.B., Barbieri,J.T., Struss,A.K., Lively,J.M., Javor,S. and Janda,K.D. The C-terminus of botulinum A protease has profound and unanticipated kinetic consequences upon the catalytic cleft ACS Med Chem Lett (2013) 4, 283-287. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Silhar,P., Silvaggi,N.R., Pellett,S., Capkova,K., Johnson,E.A., Allen,K.N. and Janda,K.D. Evaluation of adamantane hydroxamates as botulinum neurotoxin inhibitors: Synthesis, crystallography, modeling, kinetic and cellular based studies Bioorg Med Chem (2013) 21, 1344-1348. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Swaminathan,S. Structure-based drug discovery for botulinum neurotoxins Curr Top Microbiol Immunol (2013) 364, 197-218. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Wang,D., Baudys,J., Ye,Y., Rees,J.C., Barr,J.R., Pirkle,J.L. and Kalb,S.R. Improved detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A by Endopep-MS through peptide substrate modification Anal Biochem (2013) 432, 115-123. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Wang,D., Krilich,J., Pellett,S., Baudys,J., Tepp,W.H., Barr,J.R., Johnson,E.A. and Kalb,S.R. Comparison of the catalytic properties of the botulinum neurotoxin subtypes A1 and A5 Biochim Biophys Acta (2013) 1834, 2722-2728. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A P
Whitemarsh,R.C., Tepp,W.H., Bradshaw,M., Lin,G., Pier,C.L., Scherf,J.M., Johnson,E.A. and Pellett,S. Characterization of botulinum neurotoxin A subtypes 1 through 5 by investigation of activities in mice, in neuronal cell cultures, and in vitro Infect Immun (2013) 81, 3894-3902. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2012

Dolly,J.O. and O'Connell,M.A. Neurotherapeutics to inhibit exocytosis from sensory neurons for the control of chronic pain Curr Opin Pharmacol (2012) 12, 100-108. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Eichhorn,T., Dolimbek,B.Z., Deeg,K., Efferth,T. and Atassi,M.Z. Inhibition invivo of the activity of botulinum neurotoxin A by small molecules selected by virtual screening Toxicon (2012) 60, 1180-1190. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Feltrup,T.M. and Singh,B.R. Development of a fluorescence internal quenching correction factor to correct Botulinum neurotoxin type A endopeptidase kinetics using SNAPtide Anal Chem (2012) 84, 10549-10553. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Fernandez-Salas,E., Wang,J., Molina,Y., Nelson,J.B., Jacky,B.P. and Aoki,K.R. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A specific cell-based potency assay to replace the mouse bioassay PLoS ONE (2012) 7, e49516-e49516. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Ho,M., Goh,C.H., Brothers,M.C., Wang,S., Young,R.L., Ou,Y., Lui,J.N., Kalafatis,M., Lan,X., Wolf,A.E., Rienstra,C.M. and Wilson,B.A. Glycine insertion at protease cleavage site of SNAP25 resists cleavage but enhances affinity for botulinum neurotoxin serotype A Protein Sci (2012) 21, 318-326. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Joshi,S.G. Detection of biologically active botulinum neurotoxin-A in serum using high-throughput FRET-assay J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods (2012) 65, 8-12. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kalb,S.R., Baudys,J., Webb,R.P., Wright,P., Smith,T.J., Smith,L.A., Fernandez,R., Raphael,B.H., Maslanka,S.E., Pirkle,J.L. and Barr,J.R. Discovery of a novel enzymatic cleavage site for botulinum neurotoxin F5 FEBS Lett (2012) 586, 109-115. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Kumar,G., Agarwal,R. and Swaminathan,S. Discovery of a fluorene class of compounds as inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype E by virtual screening Chem Commun (Camb) (2012) 48, 2412-2414. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Kumar,G., Kumaran,D., Ahmed,S.A. and Swaminathan,S. Peptide inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A: design, inhibition, cocrystal structures, structure-activity relationship and pharmacophore modeling Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (2012) 68, 511-520. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Mizanur,R.M., Gorbet,J., Swaminathan,S. and Ahmed,S.A. Inhibition of catalytic activities of botulinum neurotoxin light chains of serotypes A, B and E by acetate, sulfate and calcium Int J Biochem Mol Biol (2012) 3, 313-321. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC I
Montecucco,C. and Tonello,F. Bontoxilysins [ISSN:978-0-12-407744-7] (2012) 3, 660-665. DOI
Opsenica,I., Filipovic,V., Nuss,J.E., Gomba,L.M., Opsenica,D., Burnett,J.C., Gussio,R., Solaja,B.A. and Bavari,S. The synthesis of 2,5-bis(4-amidinophenyl)thiophene derivatives providing submicromolar-range inhibition of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype A metalloprotease Eur J Med Chem (2012) 53, 374-379. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Peng Chen,Z., Morris,J.G., Rodriguez,R.L., Shukla,A.W., Tapia-Nunez,J. and Okun,M.S. Emerging opportunities for serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins Toxins (Basel) (2012) 4, 1196-1222. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC U
Singh,P., Singh,M.K., Chaudhary,D., Chauhan,V., Bharadwaj,P., Pandey,A., Upadhyay,N. and Dhaked,R.K. Small-molecule quinolinol inhibitor identified provides protection against BoNT/A in mice PLoS ONE (2012) 7, e47110-e47110. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Smith,G.R., Caglic,D., Capek,P., Zhang,Y., Godbole,S., Reitz,A.B. and Dickerson,T.J. Reexamining hydroxamate inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A: extending towards the beta-exosite Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2012) 22, 3754-3757. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Somm,E., Bonnet,N., Martinez,A., Marks,P.M., Cadd,V.A., Elliott,M., Toulotte,A., Ferrari,S.L., Rizzoli,R., Huppi,P.S., Harper,E., Melmed,S., Jones,R. and Aubert,M.L. A botulinum toxin-derived targeted secretion inhibitor downregulates the GH/IGF1 axis J Clin Invest (2012) 122, 3295-3306. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Stura,E.A., Le Roux,L., Guitot,K., Garcia,S., Bregant,S., Beau,F., Vera,L., Collet,G., Ptchelkine,D., Bakirci,H. and Dive,V. Structural framework for covalent inhibition of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin A by targeting Cys165 J Biol Chem (2012) 287, 33607-33614. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Tajti,J., Szok,D., Tuka,B., Csati,A., Kuris,A., Majlath,Z., Lukacs,M. and Vecsei,L. [Botulinum neurotoxin - a therapy in migraine] Ideggyogy Sz (2012) 65, 77-82. PubMed Europe PubMed U
Tepp,W.H., Lin,G. and Johnson,E.A. Purification and characterization of a novel subtype a3 botulinum neurotoxin Appl Environ Microbiol (2012) 78, 3108-3113. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yamamoto,H., Ida,T., Tsutsuki,H., Mori,M., Matsumoto,T., Kohda,T., Mukamoto,M., Goshima,N., Kozaki,S. and Ihara,H. Specificity of botulinum protease for human VAMP family proteins Microbiol Immunol (2012) 56, 245-253. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Zhao,Y., Kang,L., Gao,S., Gao,X., Xin,W. and Wang,J. PEG precipitation coupled with chromatography is a new and sufficient method for the purification of botulinum neurotoxin type B [corrected] PLoS ONE (2012) 7, e39670-e39670. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Zhu,Z., Stone,H.F., Thach,T.Q., Garcia,L. and Ruegg,C.L. A novel botulinum neurotoxin topical gel: treatment of allergic rhinitis in rats and comparative safety profile Am J Rhinol Allergy (2012) 26, 450-454. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2011

Bagramyan,K. and Kalkum,M. Ultrasensitive detection of Botulinum neurotoxins and anthrax lethal factor in biological samples by ALISSA Methods Mol Biol (2011) 739, 23-36. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Capek,P., Zhang,Y., Barlow,D.J., Houseknecht,K.L., Smith,G.R. and Dickerson,T.J. Enhancing the pharmacokinetic properties of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A protease inhibitors through rational design ACS Chem Neurosci (2011) 2, 288-293. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC U
Cardellina,J.H., Vieira,R.C., Eccard,V., Skerry,J., Montgomery,V., Campbell,Y., Roxas-Duncan,V., Leister,W., Leclair,C.A., Maloney,D.J., Padula,D., Pescitelli,G., Khavrutskii,I., Hu,X., Wallqvist,A. and Smith,L.A. Separation of Betti reaction product enantiomers: absolute configuration and inhibition of Botulinum neurotoxin A ACS Med Chem Lett (2011) 2, 396-401. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Chahboun,S., Hust,M., Liu,Y., Pelat,T., Miethe,S., Helmsing,S., Jones,R.G., Sesardic,D. and Thullier,P. Isolation of a nanomolar scFv inhibiting the endopeptidase activity of botulinum toxin A, by single-round panning of an immune phage-displayed library of macaque origin BMC Biotechnol (2011) 11, 113-113. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chen,S. and Wan,H.Y. Molecular mechanisms of substrate recognition and specificity of Botulinum neurotoxin serotype F Biochem J (2011) 433, 277-284. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Ferracci,G., Marconi,S., Mazuet,C., Jover,E., Blanchard,M.P., Seagar,M., Popoff,M. and Leveque,C. A label-free biosensor assay for Botulinum neurotoxin B in food and human serum Anal Biochem (2011) 410, 281-288. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Ferrari,E., Maywood,E.S., Restani,L., Caleo,M., Pirazzini,M., Rossetto,O., Hastings,M.H., Niranjan,D., Schiavo,G. and Davletov,B. Re-Assembled Botulinum Neurotoxin Inhibits CNS Functions without Systemic Toxicity Toxins (Basel) (2011) 3, 345-355. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Gilmore,M.A., Williams,D., Okawa,Y., Holguin,B., James,N.G., Ross,J.A., Roger Aoki,K., Jameson,D.M. and Steward,L.E. Depolarization after resonance energy transfer (DARET): a sensitive fluorescence-based assay for Botulinum neurotoxin protease activity Anal Biochem (2011) 413, 36-42. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Hale,M., Oyler,G., Swaminathan,S. and Ahmed,S.A. Basic tetrapeptides as potent intracellular inhibitors of type A botulinum neurotoxin protease activity J Biol Chem (2011) 286, 1802-1811. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Jacobson,M.J., Lin,G., Tepp,W., Dupuy,J., Stenmark,P., Stevens,R.C. and Johnson,E.A. Purification, modeling, and analysis of Botulinum neurotoxin subtype A5 (BoNT/A5) from Clostridium botulinum strain A661222 Appl Environ Microbiol (2011) 77, 4217-4222. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Li,B., Peet,N.P., Butler,M.M., Burnett,J.C., Moir,D.T. and Bowlin,T.L. Small molecule inhibitors as countermeasures for botulinum neurotoxin intoxication Molecules (2011) 16, 202-220. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Li,B., Cardinale,S.C., Butler,M.M., Pai,R., Nuss,J.E., Peet,N.P., Bavari,S. and Bowlin,T.L. Time-dependent botulinum neurotoxin serotype A metalloprotease inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem (2011) 19, 7338-7348. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Masuyer,G., Beard,M., Cadd,V.A., Chaddock,J.A. and Acharya,K.R. Structure and activity of a functional derivative of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin B J Struct Biol (2011) 174, 52-57. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Masuyer,G., Stancombe,P., Chaddock,J.A. and Acharya,K.R. Structures of engineered Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin derivatives Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun (2011) 67, 1466-1472. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Piazza,T.M., Blehert,D.S., Dunning,F.M., Berlowski-Zier,B.M., Zeytin,F.N., Samuel,M.D. and Tucker,W.C. In vitro detection and quantification of Botulinum neurotoxin type E activity in avian blood Appl Environ Microbiol (2011) 77, 7815-7822. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Ross,J.A., Gilmore,M.A., Williams,D., Aoki,K.R., Steward,L.E. and Jameson,D.M. Characterization of Forster resonance energy transfer in a Botulinum neurotoxin protease assay Anal Biochem (2011) 413, 43-49. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Ruge,D.R., Dunning,F.M., Piazza,T.M., Molles,B.E., Adler,M., Zeytin,F.N. and Tucker,W.C. Detection of six serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin using fluorogenic reporters Anal Biochem (2011) 411, 200-209. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Ruthel,G., Burnett,J.C., Nuss,J.E., Wanner,L.M., Tressler,L.E., Torres-Melendez,E., Sandwick,S.J., Retterer,C.J. and Bavari,S. Post-intoxication inhibition of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A within neurons by small-molecule, non-peptidic inhibitors Toxins (Basel) (2011) 3, 207-217. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Salzameda,N.T., Eubanks,L.M., Zakhari,J.S., Tsuchikama,K., Denunzio,N.J., Allen,K.N., Hixon,M.S. and Janda,K.D. A cross-over inhibitor of the botulinum neurotoxin light chain B: a natural product implicating an exosite mechanism of action Chem Commun (Camb) (2011) 47, 1713-1715. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Sapsford,K.E., Granek,J., Deschamps,J.R., Boeneman,K., Blanco-Canosa,J.B., Dawson,P.E., Susumu,K., Stewart,M.H. and Medintz,I.L. Monitoring Botulinum neurotoxin A activity with peptide-functionalized quantum dot resonance energy transfer sensors ACS Nano (2011) 5, 2687-2699. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Swaminathan,S. Molecular structures and functional relationships in clostridial neurotoxins FEBS J (2011) 278, 4467-4485. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V S
Thanongsaksrikul,J. and Chaicumpa,W. Botulinum neurotoxins and botulism: a novel therapeutic approach Toxins (Basel) (2011) 3, 469-488. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Thompson,A.A., Jiao,G.S., Kim,S., Thai,A., Cregar-Hernandez,L., Margosiak,S.A., Johnson,A.T., Han,G.W., O'Malley,S. and Stevens,R.C. Structural characterization of three novel hydroxamate-based zinc chelating inhibitors of the Clostridium botulinum serotype A neurotoxin light chain metalloprotease reveals a compact binding site resulting from 60/70 loop flexibility Biochemistry (2011) 50, 4019-4028. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Tian,R.M., Li,T., Hou,X.J., Wang,Q., Cai,K., Liu,Y.N., Gao,X., Liu,H., Xiao,L., Tu,W., Shi,J., Cao,W.C. and Wang,H. The complete genome sequence of Clostridium botulinum F str. 230613, insertion sites, and recombination of BoNT gene clusters Genome (2011) 54, 546-554. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wang,J., Zurawski,T.H., Meng,J., Lawrence,G., Olango,W.M., Finn,D.P., Wheeler,L. and Dolly,J.O. A dileucine in the protease of botulinum toxin A underlies its long-lived neuroparalysis: transfer of longevity to a novel potential therapeutic J Biol Chem (2011) 286, 6375-6385. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yu,H.M., Li,Q., Zhou,X.D., Perelman,J.M. and Kolosov,V.P. Expression of recombinant fusion protein BoNT-LH (N)-elafin in Pichia pastoris and activity of expressed product Chin J Biol (2011) 24, 389-393. U

2010

Band,P.A., Blais,S., Neubert,T.A., Cardozo,T.J. and Ichtchenko,K. Recombinant derivatives of botulinum neurotoxin A engineered for trafficking studies and neuronal delivery Protein Expr Purif (2010) 71, 62-73. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Burnett,J.C., Li,B., Pai,R., Cardinale,S.C., Butler,M.M., Peet,N.P., Moir,D., Bavari,S. and Bowlin,T. Analysis of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A metalloprotease inhibitors: analogs of a chemotype for therapeutic development in the context of a three-zone pharmacophore Open Access Bioinformatics (2010) 2010, 11-18. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Capkova,K., Hixon,M.S., Pellett,S., Barbieri,J.T., Johnson,E.A. and Janda,K.D. Benzylidene cyclopentenediones: first irreversible inhibitors against botulinum neurotoxin A's zinc endopeptidase Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2010) 20, 206-208. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Carmichael,N.M., Dostrovsky,J.O. and Charlton,M.P. Peptide-mediated transdermal delivery of botulinum neurotoxin type A reduces neurogenic inflammation in the skin Pain (2010) 149, 316-324. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Chang,T.W., Blank,M., Janardhanan,P., Singh,B.R., Mello,C., Blind,M. and Cai,S. In vitro selection of RNA aptamers that inhibit the activity of type A botulinum neurotoxin Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2010) 396, 854-860. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Conway,J.O., Sherwood,L.J., Collazo,M.T., Garza,J.A. and Hayhurst,A. Llama single domain antibodies specific for the 7 botulinum neurotoxin serotypes as heptaplex immunoreagents PLoS ONE (2010) 5, e8818-e8818. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Darios,F., Niranjan,D., Ferrari,E., Zhang,F., Soloviev,M., Rummel,A., Bigalke,H., Suckling,J., Ushkaryov,Y., Naumenko,N., Shakirzyanova,A., Giniatullin,R., Maywood,E., Hastings,M., Binz,T. and Davletov,B. SNARE tagging allows stepwise assembly of a multimodular medicinal toxin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 107, 18197-18201. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Dong,J., Thompson,A.A., Fan,Y., Lou,J., Conrad,F., Ho,M., Pires-Alves,M., Wilson,B.A., Stevens,R.C. and Marks,J.D. A single-domain llama antibody potently inhibits the enzymatic activity of botulinum neurotoxin by binding to the non-catalytic alpha-exosite binding region J Mol Biol (2010) 397, 1106-1118. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Eubanks,L.M., Silhar,P., Salzameda,N.T., Zakhari,J.S., Xiaochuan,F., Barbieri,J.T., Shoemaker,C.B., Hixon,M.S. and Janda,K.D. Identification of a natural product antagonist against the botulinum neurotoxin light chain protease ACS Med Chem Lett (2010) 1, 268-272. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Gul,N., Smith,L.A. and Ahmed,S.A. Light chain separated from the rest of the type A botulinum neurotoxin molecule is the most catalytically active form PLoS ONE (2010) 5, e12872-e12872. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Hakami,R.M., Ruthel,G., Stahl,A.M. and Bavari,S. Gaining ground: assays for therapeutics against botulinum neurotoxin Trends Microbiol (2010) 18, 164-172. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Hexsel,D., Spencer,J.M., Woolery-Lloyd,H. and Gilbert,E. Practical applications of a new botulinum toxin J Drugs Dermatol (2010) 9, s31-s37. PubMed Europe PubMed U
Indrawattana,N., Sookrung,N., Kulkeaw,K., Seesuay,W., Kongngoen,T., Chongsa-nguan,M., Tungtrongchitr,A. and Chaicumpa,W. Human monoclonal ScFv that inhibits cellular entry and metalloprotease activity of tetanus neurotoxin Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol (2010) 28, 85-93. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Kalb,S.R., Garcia-Rodriguez,C., Lou,J., Baudys,J., Smith,T.J., Marks,J.D., Smith,L.A., Pirkle,J.L. and Barr,J.R. Extraction of BoNT/A, /B, /E, and /F with a single, high affinity monoclonal antibody for detection of botulinum neurotoxin by Endopep-MS PLoS ONE (2010) 5, e12237-e12237. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Kukreja,R.V., Sharma,S.K. and Singh,B.R. Molecular basis of activation of endopeptidase activity of botulinum neurotoxin type E Biochemistry (2010) 49, 2510-2519. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Marshall,K.M., Bradshaw,M. and Johnson,E.A. Conjugative botulinum neurotoxin-encoding plasmids in Clostridium botulinum PLoS ONE (2010) 5, e11087-e11087. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Montal,M. Botulinum neurotoxin: a marvel of protein design Annu Rev Biochem (2010) 79, 591-617. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Nuss,J.E., Dong,Y., Wanner,L.M., Ruthel,G., Wipf,P., Gussio,R., Vennerstrom,J.L., Bavari,S. and Burnett,J.C. Pharmacophore refinement guides the rational design of nanomolar-range inhibitors of the Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A metalloprotease ACS Med Chem Lett (2010) 1, 301-305. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Nuss,J.E., Wanner,L.M., Tressler,L.E. and Bavari,S. The osmolyte trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) increases the proteolytic activity of Botulinum neurotoxin light chains A, B, and E: implications for enhancing analytical assay sensitivity J Biomol Screen (2010) 15, 928-936. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Pang,Y.P., Davis,J., Wang,S., Park,J.G., Nambiar,M.P., Schmidt,J.J. and Millard,C.B. Small molecules showing significant protection of mice against botulinum neurotoxin serotype A PLoS ONE (2010) 5, e10129-e10129. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Pickett,A. Re-engineering clostridial neurotoxins for the treatment of chronic pain: current status and future prospects BioDrugs (2010) 24, 173-182. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Raphael,B.H., Choudoir,M.J., Luquez,C., Fernandez,R. and Maslanka,S.E. Sequence diversity of genes encoding botulinum neurotoxin type F Appl Environ Microbiol (2010) 76, 4805-4812. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Rowe,B., Schmidt,J.J., Smith,L.A. and Ahmed,S.A. Rapid product analysis and increased sensitivity for quantitative determinations of botulinum neurotoxin proteolytic activity Anal Biochem (2010) 396, 188-193. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Saunders,M.J., Graves,S.W., Sklar,L.A., Oprea,T.I. and Edwards,B.S. High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type A light chain protease inhibitors Assay Drug Dev Technol (2010) 8, 37-46. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Silhar,P., Capkova,K., Salzameda,N.T., Barbieri,J.T., Hixon,M.S. and Janda,K.D. Botulinum neurotoxin A protease: discovery of natural product exosite inhibitors J Am Chem Soc (2010) 132, 2868-2869. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Stowe,G.N., Silhar,P., Hixon,M.S., Silvaggi,N.R., Allen,K.N., Moe,S.T., Jacobson,A.R., Barbieri,J.T. and Janda,K.D. Chirality holds the key for potent inhibition of the Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A protease Org Lett (2010) 12, 756-759. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Strotmeier,J., Lee,K., Volker,A.K., Mahrhold,S., Zong,Y., Zeiser,J., Zhou,J., Pich,A., Bigalke,H., Binz,T., Rummel,A. and Jin,R. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype D attacks neurons via two carbohydrate-binding sites in a ganglioside-dependent manner Biochem J (2010) 431, 207-216. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Thanongsaksrikul,J., Srimanote,P., Maneewatch,S., Choowongkomon,K., Tapchaisri,P., Makino,S., Kurazono,H. and Chaicumpa,W. A VHH that neutralizes the zinc metalloproteinase activity of botulinum neurotoxin type A J Biol Chem (2010) 285, 9657-9666. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Thyagarajan,B., Potian,J.G., Garcia,C.C., Hognason,K., Capkova,K., Moe,S.T., Jacobson,A.R., Janda,K.D. and McArdle,J.J. Effects of hydroxamate metalloendoprotease inhibitors on botulinum neurotoxin A poisoned mouse neuromuscular junctions Neuropharmacology (2010) 58, 1189-1198. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Wang,H.H., Riding,S., Lindo,P. and Singh,B.R. Endopeptidase activities of Botulinum neurotoxin type B complex, holotoxin, and light chain Appl Environ Microbiol (2010) 76, 6658-6663. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2009

Agarwal,R., Schmidt,J.J., Stafford,R.G. and Swaminathan,S. Mode of VAMP substrate recognition and inhibition of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin F Nat Struct Mol Biol (2009) 16, 789-794. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P S
Baumann,L., Brandt,F.S., Kane,M.A. and Donofrio,L.M. An analysis of efficacy data from four phase III studies of botulinum neurotoxin type A-ABO for the treatment of glabellar lines Aesthet Surg J (2009) 29, S57-S65. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Binz,T. and Rummel,A. Cell entry strategy of clostridial neurotoxins J Neurochem (2009) 109, 1584-1595. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Brunger,A.T. and Rummel,A. Receptor and substrate interactions of clostridial neurotoxins Toxicon (2009) 54, 550-560. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Burnett,J.C., Wang,C., Nuss,J.E., Nguyen,T.L., Hermone,A.R., Schmidt,J.J., Gussio,R., Wipf,P. and Bavari,S. Pharmacophore-guided lead optimization: the rational design of a non-zinc coordinating, sub-micromolar inhibitor of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype a metalloprotease Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2009) 19, 5811-5813. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Caleo,M., Antonucci,F., Restani,L. and Mazzocchio,R. A reappraisal of the central effects of botulinum neurotoxin type A: by what mechanism? J Neurochem (2009) 109, 15-24. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Capkova,K., Salzameda,N.T. and Janda,K.D. Investigations into small molecule non-peptidic inhibitors of the botulinum neurotoxins Toxicon (2009) 54, 575-582. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Carter,A.T., Paul,C.J., Mason,D.R., Twine,S.M., Alston,M.J., Logan,S.M., Austin,J.W. and Peck,M.W. Independent evolution of neurotoxin and flagellar genetic loci in proteolytic Clostridium botulinum BMC Genomics (2009) 10, 115-115. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Chen,S. and Barbieri,J.T. Engineering botulinum neurotoxin to extend therapeutic intervention Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009) 106, 9180-9184. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC U
Evans,E.R., Skipper,P.J. and Shone,C.C. An assay for botulinum toxin types A, B and F that requires both functional binding and catalytic activities within the neurotoxin J Appl Microbiol (2009) 107, 1384-1391. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Hasani,L., Ranjbar,B., Tavallaie,M. and Sadeghizadeh,M. Identification of a molten globule like state in HC-N fragment of botulinum neurotoxin a: shedding light on the poorly-known features of a conserved sub-domain Protein Pept Lett (2009) 16, 660-663. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Henkel,J.S., Jacobson,M., Tepp,W., Pier,C., Johnson,E.A. and Barbieri,J.T. Catalytic properties of Botulinum neurotoxin subtypes A3 and A4 Biochemistry (2009) 48, 2522-2528. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Hill,K.K., Xie,G., Foley,B.T., Smith,T.J., Munk,A.C., Bruce,D., Smith,L.A., Brettin,T.S. and Detter,J.C. Recombination and insertion events involving the botulinum neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E and F and Clostridium butyricum type E strains BMC Biol (2009) 7, 66-66. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Jewell,M.L. and Monheit,G.D. An overview of clinical trial data on a new formulation of botulinum neurotoxin type A Aesthet Surg J (2009) 29, S31-S33. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Koussoulakos,S. Botulinum neurotoxin: the ugly duckling Eur Neurol (2009) 61, 331-342. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Kumaran,D., Eswaramoorthy,S., Furey,W., Navaza,J., Sax,M. and Swaminathan,S. Domain organization in Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E is unique: its implication in faster translocation J Mol Biol (2009) 386, 233-245. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Lai,H., Feng,M., Roxas-Duncan,V., Dakshanamurthy,S., Smith,L.A. and Yang,D.C. Quinolinol and peptide inhibitors of zinc protease in botulinum neurotoxin A: effects of zinc ion and peptides on inhibition Arch Biochem Biophys (2009) 491, 75-84. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Lebrun,I., Marques-Porto,R., Pereira,A.S., Pereira,A. and Perpetuo,E.A. Bacterial toxins: an overview on bacterial proteases and their action as virulence factors Mini Rev Med Chem (2009) 9, 820-828. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Miyata,K., Yoneyama,T., Suzuki,T., Kouguchi,H., Inui,K., Niwa,K., Watanabe,T. and Ohyama,T. Expression and stability of the nontoxic component of the botulinum toxin complex Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2009) 384, 126-130. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Moe,S.T., Thompson,A.B., Smith,G.M., Fredenburg,R.A., Stein,R.L. and Jacobson,A.R. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A inhibitors: small-molecule mercaptoacetamide analogs Bioorg Med Chem (2009) 17, 3072-3079. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Montal,M. Translocation of botulinum neurotoxin light chain protease by the heavy chain protein-conducting channel Toxicon (2009) 54, 565-569. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Muraro,L., Tosatto,S., Motterlini,L., Rossetto,O. and Montecucco,C. The N-terminal half of the receptor domain of botulinum neurotoxin A binds to microdomains of the plasma membrane Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2009) 380, 76-80. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Nishiyama,Y., Yokoyama,T., Tomizawa,K., Okamura,K., Yamamoto,Y., Matsui,H., Oguma,K., Nagai,A. and Kumon,H. Effects of purified newly developed botulinum neurotoxin type A in rat prostate Urology (2009) 74, 436-439. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pang,Y.P., Vummenthala,A., Mishra,R.K., Park,J.G., Wang,S., Davis,J., Millard,C.B. and Schmidt,J.J. Potent new small-molecule inhibitor of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A endopeptidase developed by synthesis-based computer-aided molecular design PLoS ONE (2009) 4, e7730-e7730. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Peck,M.W. Biology and genomic analysis of Clostridium botulinum Adv Microb Physiol (2009) 55, 183-265. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pires-Alves,M., Ho,M., Aberle,K.K., Janda,K.D. and Wilson,B.A. Tandem fluorescent proteins as enhanced FRET-based substrates for botulinum neurotoxin activity Toxicon (2009) 53, 392-399. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Poras,H., Ouimet,T., Orng,S.V., Fournie-Zaluski,M.C., Popoff,M.R. and Roques,B.P. Detection and quantification of botulinum neurotoxin type A by a novel rapid in vitro fluorimetric assay Appl Environ Microbiol (2009) 75, 4382-4390. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Roxas-Duncan,V., Enyedy,I., Montgomery,V.A., Eccard,V.S., Carrington,M.A., Lai,H., Gul,N., Yang,D.C. and Smith,L.A. Identification and biochemical characterization of small-molecule inhibitors of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A Antimicrobial Agents Chemother (2009) 53, 3478-3486. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Rusnak,J.M. and Smith,L.A. Botulinum neurotoxin vaccines: past history and recent developments Hum Vaccin (2009) 5, 794-805. PubMed Europe PubMed
Salzameda,N.T., Barbieri,J.T. and Janda,K.D. Synthetic substrate for application in both high and low throughput assays for botulinum neurotoxin B protease inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2009) 19, 5848-5850. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Shi,X., Garcia,G.E., Neill,R.J. and Gordon,R.K. TCEP treatment reduces proteolytic activity of BoNT/B in human neuronal SHSY-5Y cells J Cell Biochem (2009) 107, 1021-1030. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sun,S., Ossandon,M., Kostov,Y. and Rasooly,A. Lab-on-a-chip for botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) activity analysis Lab Chip (2009) 9, 3275-3281. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Toth,S.I., Smith,L.A. and Ahmed,S.A. Extreme sensitivity of botulinum neurotoxin domains towards mild agitation J Pharm Sci (2009) 98, 3302-3311. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Trollet,C., Pereira,Y., Burgain,A., Litzler,E., Mezrahi,M., Seguin,J., Manich,M., Popoff,M.R., Scherman,D. and Bigey,P. Generation of high-titer neutralizing antibodies against Botulinum toxins A, B, and E by DNA electrotransfer Infect Immun (2009) 77, 2221-2229. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Webb,R.P., Smith,T.J., Wright,P., Brown,J. and Smith,L.A. Production of catalytically inactive BoNT/A1 holoprotein and comparison with BoNT/A1 subunit vaccines against toxin subtypes A1, A2, and A3 Vaccine (2009) 27, 4490-4497. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wortzman,M.S. and Pickett,A. The science and manufacturing behind botulinum neurotoxin type A-ABO in clinical use Aesthet Surg J (2009) 29, S34-S42. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Zhou,H., Zhou,B., Pellett,S., Johnson,E.A. and Janda,K.D. Selection and characterization of a human monoclonal neutralizing antibody for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype B Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2009) 19, 662-664. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC

2008

Agarwal,R. and Swaminathan,S. SNAP-25 substrate peptide (residues 180-183) binds to but bypasses cleavage by catalytically active Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin E J Biol Chem (2008) 283, 25944-25951. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Alajbegovic,A., Alajbegovic,S. and Resic,H. [Mechanism of therapy effects by botulinum neurotoxin] Med Arch (2008) 62, 53-55. PubMed Europe PubMed
Capkova,K., Hixon,M.S., McAllister,L.A. and Janda,K.D. Toward the discovery of potent inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin A: development of a robust LC MS based assay operational from low to subnanomolar enzyme concentrations Chem Commun (Camb) (2008) 2008, 3525-3527. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Chen,S., Hall,C. and Barbieri,J.T. Substrate recognition of VAMP-2 by botulinum neurotoxin B and tetanus neurotoxin J Biol Chem (2008) 283, 21153-21159. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC P
Fischer,A., Garcia-Rodriguez,C., Geren,I., Lou,J., Marks,J.D., Nakagawa,T. and Montal,M. Molecular architecture of Botulinum neurotoxin E revealed by single particle electron microscopy J Biol Chem (2008) 283, 3997-4003. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Hines,H.B., Kim,A.D., Stafford,R.G., Badie,S.S., Brueggeman,E.E., Newman,D.J. and Schmidt,J.J. Use of a recombinant fluorescent substrate with cleavage sites for all Botulinum neurotoxins in high-throughput screening of natural product extracts for inhibitors of serotypes A, B, and E Appl Environ Microbiol (2008) 74, 653-659. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A P
Johnson,S.L., Chen,L.H., Harbach,R., Sabet,M., Savinov,A., Cotton,N.J., Strongin,A., Guiney,D. and Pellecchia,M. Rhodanine derivatives as selective protease inhibitors against bacterial toxins Chem Biol Drug Des (2008) 71, 131-139. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Kumaran,D., Rawat,R., Ludivico,M.L., Ahmed,S.A. and Swaminathan,S. Structure- and substrate-based inhibitor design for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A J Biol Chem (2008) 283, 18883-18891. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Rasooly,R., Stanker,L.H., Carter,J.M., Do,P.M., Cheng,L.W., He,X. and Brandon,D.L. Detection of botulinum neurotoxin-A activity in food by peptide cleavage assay Int J Food Microbiol (2008) 126, 135-139. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Rawat,R., Ashraf Ahmed,S. and Swaminathan,S. High level expression of the light chain of botulinum neurotoxin serotype C1 and an efficient HPLC assay to monitor its proteolytic activity Protein Expr Purif (2008) 60, 165-169. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A E
Sikorra,S., Henke,T., Galli,T. and Binz,T. Substrate recognition mechanism of VAMP/synaptobrevin-cleaving clostridial neurotoxins J Biol Chem (2008) 283, 21145-21152. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Silvaggi,N.R., Wilson,D., Tzipori,S. and Allen,K.N. Catalytic features of the botulinum neurotoxin A light chain revealed by high resolution structure of an inhibitory peptide complex Biochemistry (2008) 47, 5736-5745. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Wang,J., Meng,J., Lawrence,G.W., Zurawski,T.H., Sasse,A., Bodeker,M.O., Gilmore,M.A., Fernandez-Salas,E., Francis,J., Steward,L.E., Aoki,K.R. and Dolly,J.O. Novel chimeras of botulinum neurotoxins A and E unveil contributions from the binding, translocation, and protease domains to their functional characteristics J Biol Chem (2008) 283, 16993-17002. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wohlfarth,K., Schwandt,I., Wegner,F., Jurgens,T., Gelbrich,G., Wagner,A., Bogdahn,U. and Schulte-Mattler,W. Biological activity of two botulinum toxin type A complexes (Dysport and Botox) in volunteers: a double-blind, randomized, dose-ranging study J Neurol (2008) 255, 1932-1939. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Zuniga,J.E., Schmidt,J.J., Fenn,T., Burnett,J.C., Arac,D., Gussio,R., Stafford,R.G., Badie,S.S., Bavari,S. and Brunger,A.T. A potent peptidomimetic inhibitor of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A has a very different conformation than SNAP-25 substrate Structure (2008) 16, 1588-1597. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I

2007

Burnett,J.C., Ruthel,G., Stegmann,C.M., Panchal,R.G., Nguyen,T.L., Hermone,A.R., Stafford,R.G., Lane,D.J., Kenny,T.A., McGrath,C.F., Wipf,P., Stahl,A.M., Schmidt,J.J., Gussio,R., Brunger,A.T. and Bavari,S. Inhibition of metalloprotease botulinum serotype A from a pseudo-peptide binding mode to a small molecule that is active in primary neurons J Biol Chem (2007) 282, 5004-5014. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Capkova,K., Yoneda,Y., Dickerson,T.J. and Janda,K.D. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of second-generation hydroxamate botulinum neurotoxin A protease inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2007) 17, 6463-6466. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Fischer,A. and Montal,M. Crucial role of the disulfide bridge between botulinum neurotoxin light and heavy chains in protease translocation across membranes J Biol Chem (2007) 282, 29604-29611. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Garcia-Rodriguez,C., Levy,R., Arndt,J.W., Forsyth,C.M., Razai,A., Lou,J., Geren,I., Stevens,R.C. and Marks,J.D. Molecular evolution of antibody cross-reactivity for two subtypes of type A botulinum neurotoxin Nat Biotechnol (2007) 25, 107-116. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Jin,R., Sikorra,S., Stegmann,C.M., Pich,A., Binz,T. and Brunger,A.T. Structural and biochemical studies of botulinum neurotoxin serotype C1 light chain protease: implications for dual substrate specificity Biochemistry (2007) 46, 10685-10693. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Silvaggi,N.R., Boldt,G.E., Hixon,M.S., Kennedy,J.P., Tzipori,S., Janda,K.D. and Allen,K.N. Structures of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain complexed with small-molecule inhibitors highlight active-site flexibility Chem Biol (2007) 14, 533-542. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Tang,J., Park,J.G., Millard,C.B., Schmidt,J.J. and Pang,Y.P. Computer-aided lead optimization: improved small-molecule inhibitor of the zinc endopeptidase of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A PLoS ONE (2007) 2, e761-e761. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I

2006

[YEAR:14-3-2006]Arndt,J.W., Chai,Q., Christian,T. and Stevens,R.C. Structure of Botulinum neurotoxin type D light chain at 1.65 A resolution: repercussions for VAMP-2 substrate specificity Biochemistry (14-3-2006) 45, 3255-3262. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Arndt,J.W., Jacobson,M.J., Abola,E.E., Forsyth,C.M., Tepp,W.H., Marks,J.D., Johnson,E.A. and Stevens,R.C. A structural perspective of the sequence variability within botulinum neurotoxin subtypes A1-A4 J Mol Biol (2006) 362, 733-742. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Boldt,G.E., Eubanks,L.M. and Janda,K.D. Identification of a botulinum neurotoxin A protease inhibitor displaying efficacy in a cellular model Chem Commun (Camb) (2006) 2006, 3063-3065. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:13-4-2006]Boldt,G.E., Kennedy,J.P. and Janda,K.D. Identification of a potent botulinum neurotoxin A protease inhibitor using in situ lead identification chemistry Org Lett (13-4-2006) 8, 1729-1732. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Chai,Q., Arndt,J.W., Dong,M., Tepp,W.H., Johnson,E.A., Chapman,E.R. and Stevens,R.C. Structural basis of cell surface receptor recognition by botulinum neurotoxin B Nature (2006) 444, 1096-1100. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Couesnon,A., Raffestin,S. and Popoff,M.R. Expression of botulinum neurotoxins A and E, and associated non-toxin genes, during the transition phase and stability at high temperature: analysis by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR Microbiology (Reading) (2006) 152, 759-770. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
DasGupta,B.R. Botulinum neurotoxins: perspective on their existence and as polyproteins harboring viral proteases J Gen Appl Microbiol (2006) 52, 1-8. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dolly,J.O. and Aoki,K.R. The structure and mode of action of different botulinum toxins Eur J Neurol (2006) 13 Suppl 4, 1-9. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Fu,Z., Chen,S., Baldwin,M.R., Boldt,G.E., Crawford,A., Janda,K.D., Barbieri,J.T. and Kim,J.J. Light chain of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A: structural resolution of a catalytic intermediate Biochemistry (2006) 45, 8903-8911. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
[YEAR:4-5-2006]Lim,E.C., Oh,V.M., Ong,B.K., Chow,A.W. and Seet,R.C. Where has all the botox gone? (How) will we ever learn... Using monoclonal antibodies to track botulinum toxin Med Hypotheses (4-5-2006) 67, 440-446. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Oliver,M., Macdonald,J. and Rajwani,M. The use of botulinum neurotoxin type A (Botox) for headaches: a case review JCCA J Can Chiropr Assoc (2006) 50, 263-270. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC
[YEAR:30-9-2006]Park,J.G., Sill,P.C., Makiyi,E.F., Garcia-Sosa,A.T., Millard,C.B., Schmidt,J.J. and Pang,Y.P. Serotype-selective, small-molecule inhibitors of the zinc endopeptidase of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A Bioorg Med Chem (30-9-2006) 14, 395-408. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Sikorra,S., Henke,T., Swaminathan,S., Galli,T. and Binz,T. Identification of the amino acid residues rendering TI-VAMP insensitive toward botulinum neurotoxin B J Mol Biol (2006) 357, 574-582. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2005

Agarwal,R., Binz,T. and Swaminathan,S. Analysis of active site residues of botulinum neurotoxin E by mutational, functional, and structural studies: Glu335Gln is an apoenzyme Biochemistry (2005) 44, 8291-8302. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Agarwal,R., Binz,T. and Swaminathan,S. Structural analysis of botulinum neurotoxin serotype F light chain: implications on substrate binding and inhibitor design Biochemistry (2005) 44, 11758-11765. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Arndt,J.W., Yu,W., Bi,F. and Stevens,R.C. Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type G light chain: serotype divergence in substrate recognition Biochemistry (2005) 44, 9574-9580. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Montecucco,C. and Molgo,J. Botulinal neurotoxins: revival of an old killer Curr Opin Pharmacol (2005) 5, 274-279. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sutton,J.M., Wayne,J., Scott-Tucker,A., O'Brien,S.M., Marks,P.M., Alexander,F.C., Shone,C.C. and Chaddock,J.A. Preparation of specifically activatable endopeptidase derivatives of Clostridium botulinum toxins type A, B, and C and their applications Protein Expr Purif (2005) 40, 31-41. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2004

Agarwal,R., Eswaramoorthy,S., Kumaran,D., Dunn,J.J. and Swaminathan,S. Cloning, high level expression, purification, and crystallization of the full length Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E light chain Protein Expr Purif (2004) 34, 95-102. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Agarwal,R., Eswaramoorthy,S., Kumaran,D., Binz,T. and Swaminathan,S. Structural analysis of botulinum neurotoxin type E catalytic domain and its mutant Glu212 - >Gln reveals the pivotal role of the Glu212 carboxylate in the catalytic pathway Biochemistry (2004) 43, 6637-6644. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Aoki,K.R. Botulinum toxin: a successful therapeutic protein Curr Med Chem (2004) 11, 3085-3092. PubMed Europe PubMed V
Baldwin,M.R., Bradshaw,M., Johnson,E.A. and Barbieri,J.T. The C-terminus of botulinum neurotoxin type A light chain contributes to solubility, catalysis, and stability Protein Expr Purif (2004) 37, 187-195. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:1-6-2004]Blommaert,A., Turcaud,S., Anne,C. and Roques,B.P. Small tripeptide surrogates with low nanomolar affinity as potent inhibitors of the botulinum neurotoxin B metallo-proteolytic activity Bioorg Med Chem (1-6-2004) 12, 3055-3062. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:16-12-2004]Breidenbach,M.A. and Brunger,A.T. Substrate recognition strategy for botulinum neurotoxin serotype A Nature (16-12-2004) 432, 925-929. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Carruthers,J., Fagien,S. and Matarasso,S.L. Consensus recommendations on the use of botulinum toxin type A in facial aesthetics Plast Reconstr Surg (2004) 114, 1S-22S. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chaddock,J.A., Purkiss,J.R., Alexander,F.C., Doward,S., Fooks,S.J., Friis,L.M., Hall,Y.H., Kirby,E.R., Leeds,N., Moulsdale,H.J., Dickenson,A., Green,G.M., Rahman,W., Suzuki,R., Duggan,M.J., Quinn,C.P., Shone,C.C. and Foster,K.A. Retargeted clostridial endopeptidases: inhibition of nociceptive neurotransmitter release in vitro, and antinociceptive activity in in vivo models of pain Mov Disord (2004) 19 Suppl 8, S42-S47. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Erbguth,F.J. Historical notes on botulism, Clostridium botulinum, botulinum toxin, and the idea of the therapeutic use of the toxin Mov Disord (2004) 19 Suppl 8, S2-S6. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Eswaramoorthy,S., Kumaran,D., Keller,J. and Swaminathan,S. Role of metals in the biological activity of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins Biochemistry (2004) 43, 2209-2216. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
[YEAR:2-3-2004]Fernandez-Salas,E., Steward,L.E., Ho,H., Garay,P.E., Sun,S.W., Gilmore,M.A., Ordas,J.V., Wang,J., Francis,J. and Aoki,K.R. Plasma membrane localization signals in the light chain of botulinum neurotoxin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2-3-2004) 101, 3208-3213. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Francisco,G.E. Botulinum toxin: dosing and dilution Am J Phys Med Rehabil (2004) 83, S30-S37. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gul,N., Ahmed,S.A. and Smith,L.A. Inhibition of the protease activity of the light chain of type A botulinum neurotoxin by aqueous extract from stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) leaf Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol (2004) 95, 215-219. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:3-12-2004]Ibanez,C., Blanes-Mira,C., Fernandez-Ballester,G., Planells-Cases,R. and Ferrer-Montiel,A. Modulation of botulinum neurotoxin A catalytic domain stability by tyrosine phosphorylation FEBS Lett (3-12-2004) 578, 121-127. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Montecucco,C., Rossetto,O. and Schiavo,G. Presynaptic receptor arrays for clostridial neurotoxins Trends Microbiol (2004) 12, 442-446. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Naumann,M. and Jankovic,J. Safety of botulinum toxin type A: a systematic review and meta-analysis Curr Med Res Opin (2004) 20, 981-990. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:4-5-2004]Segelke,B., Knapp,M., Kadkhodayan,S., Balhorn,R. and Rupp,B. Crystal structure of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin protease in a product-bound state: evidence for noncanonical zinc protease activity Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (4-5-2004) 101, 6888-6893. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
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Simpson,L.L. Identification of the major steps in botulinum toxin action Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol (2004) 44, 167-193. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sukonpan,C., Oost,T., Goodnough,M., Tepp,W., Johnson,E.A. and Rich,D.H. Synthesis of substrates and inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin type A metalloprotease J Pept Res (2004) 63, 181-193. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Swaminathan,S., Eswaramoorthy,S. and Kumaran,D. Structure and enzymatic activity of botulinum neurotoxins Mov Disord (2004) 19 Suppl 8, S17-S22. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ting,P.T. and Freiman,A. The story of Clostridium botulinum: from food poisoning to Botox Clin Med (Lond) (2004) 4, 258-261. PubMed Europe PubMed

2003

[YEAR:10-10-2003]Burnett,J.C., Schmidt,J.J., Stafford,R.G., Panchal,R.G., Nguyen,T.L., Hermone,A.R., Vennerstrom,J.L., McGrath,C.F., Lane,D.J., Sausville,E.A., Zaharevitz,D.W., Gussio,R. and Bavari,S. Novel small molecule inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin A metalloprotease activity Biochem Biophys Res Commun (10-10-2003) 310, 84-93. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Koriazova,L.K. and Montal,M. Translocation of botulinum neurotoxin light chain protease through the heavy chain channel Nat Struct Biol (2003) 10, 13-18. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Oost,T., Sukonpan,C., Brewer,M., Goodnough,M., Tepp,W., Johnson,E.A. and Rich,D.H. Design and synthesis of substrate-based inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin type B metalloprotease Biopolymers (2003) 71, 602-619. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Schmidt,J.J. and Stafford,R.G. Fluorigenic substrates for the protease activities of botulinum neurotoxins, serotypes A, B, and F Appl Environ Microbiol (2003) 69, 297-303. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A

2002

[YEAR:12-2-2002]Binz,T., Bade,S., Rummel,A., Kollewe,A. and Alves,J. Arg(362) and Tyr(365) of the botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain are involved in transition state stabilization Biochemistry (12-2-2002) 41, 1717-1723. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chaddock,J.A., Herbert,M.H., Ling,R.J., Alexander,F.C., Fooks,S.J., Revell,D.F., Quinn,C.P., Shone,C.C. and Foster,K.A. Expression and purification of catalytically active, non-toxic endopeptidase derivatives of Clostridium botulinum toxin type A Protein Expr Purif (2002) 25, 219-228. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Eswaramoorthy,S., Kumaran,D. and Swaminathan,S. A novel mechanism for Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin inhibition Biochemistry (2002) 41, 9795-9802. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
[YEAR:18-12-2002]Schmidt,J.J. and Stafford,R.G. A high-affinity competitive inhibitor of type A botulinum neurotoxin protease activity FEBS Lett (18-12-2002) 532, 423-426. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I

2001

Ahmed,S.A., Byrne,M.P., Jensen,M., Hines,H.B., Brueggemann,E. and Smith,L.A. Enzymatic autocatalysis of botulinum A neurotoxin light chain J Protein Chem (2001) 20, 221-231. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:15-4-2001]Anne,C., Cornille,F., Lenoir,C. and Roques,B.P. High-throughput fluorogenic assay for determination of botulinum type B neurotoxin protease activity Anal Biochem (15-4-2001) 291, 253-261. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Blanes-Mira,C., Ibanez,C., Fernandez-Ballester,G., Planells-Cases,R., Perez-Paya,E. and Ferrer-Montiel,A. Thermal stabilization of the catalytic domain of botulinum neurotoxin E by phosphorylation of a single tyrosine residue Biochemistry (2001) 40, 2234-2242. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Brashear,A. Botulinum toxin type B: a new injectable treatment for cervical dystonia Expert Opin Investig Drugs (2001) 10, 2191-2199. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:18-12-2001]Cai,S.W. and Singh,B.R. Role of the disulfide cleavage induced molten globule state of type A botulinum neurotoxin in its endopeptidase activity Biochemistry (18-12-2001) 40, 15327-15333. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:17-4-2001]Cai,S.W. and Singh,B.R. A correlation between differential structural features and the degree of endopeptidase activity of type A botulinum neurotoxin in aqueous solution Biochemistry (17-4-2001) 40, 4693-4702. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Prabakaran,S., Tepp,W. and DasGupta,B.R. Botulinum neurotoxin types B and E: purification, limited proteolysis by endoproteinase Glu-C and pepsin, and comparison of their identified cleaved sites relative to the three-dimensional structure of type A neurotoxin Toxicon (2001) 39, 1515-1531. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:16-11-2001]Rigoni,M., Caccin,P., Johnson,E.A., Montecucco,C. and Rossetto,O. Site-directed mutagenesis identifies active-site residues of the light chain of botulinum neurotoxin type A Biochem Biophys Res Commun (16-11-2001) 288, 1231-1237. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:1-9-2001]Schmidt,J.J., Stafford,R.G. and Millard,C.B. High-throughput assays for botulinum neurotoxin proteolytic activity: serotypes A, B, D, and F Anal Biochem (1-9-2001) 296, 130-137. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A

2000

Ahmed,S.A. and Smith,L.A. Light chain of botulinum a neurotoxin expressed as an inclusion body from a synthetic gene is catalytically and functionally active J Protein Chem (2000) 19, 475-487. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chaddock,J.A., Purkiss,J.R., Friis,L.M., Broadbridge,J.D., Duggan,M.J., Fooks,S.J., Shone,C.C., Quinn,C.P. and Foster,K.A. Inhibition of vesicular secretion in both neuronal and nonneuronal cells by a retargeted endopeptidase derivative of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A Infect Immun (2000) 68, 2587-2593. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Comella,C.L., Jankovic,J. and Brin,M.F. Use of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of cervical dystonia Neurology (2000) 55, S15-S21. PubMed Europe PubMed
Hanson,M.A. and Stevens,R.C. Cocrystal structure of synaptobrevin-II bound to botulinum neurotoxin type B at 2.0 A resolution Nat Struct Biol (2000) 7, 687-692. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Humeau,Y., Doussau,F., Grant,N.J. and Poulain,B. How botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release Biochimie (2000) 82, 427-446. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kadkhodayan,S., Knapp,M.S., Schmidt,J.J., Fabes,S.E., Rupp,B. and Balhorn,R. Cloning, expression, and one-step purification of the minimal essential domain of the light chain of botulinum neurotoxin type A Protein Expr Purif (2000) 19, 125-130. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:30-5-2000]Li,L. and Singh,B.R. Spectroscopic analysis of pH-induced changes in the molecular features of type a botulinum neurotoxin light chain Biochemistry (30-5-2000) 39, 6466-6474. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:7-3-2000]Li,L., Binz,T., Niemann,H. and Singh,B.R. Probing the mechanistic role of glutamate residue in the zinc-binding motif of type A botulinum neurotoxin light chain Biochemistry (7-3-2000) 39, 2399-2405. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:29-8-2000]Li,L. and Singh,B.R. Role of zinc binding in type A botulinum neurotoxin light chain's toxic structure Biochemistry (29-8-2000) 39, 10581-10586. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Schiavo,G., Matteoli,M. and Montecucco,C. Neurotoxins affecting neuroexocytosis Physiol Rev (2000) 80, 717-766. PubMed Europe PubMed V
Swaminathan,S. and Eswaramoorthy,S. Structural analysis of the catalytic and binding sites of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin B Nat Struct Biol (2000) 7, 693-699. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

1999

Adler,M., Nicholson,J.D., Starks,D.F., Kane,C.T., Cornille,F. and Hackley,B.E., Jr. Evaluation of phosphoramidon and three synthetic phosphonates for inhibition of botulinum neurotoxin B catalytic activity J Appl Toxicol (1999) 19 Suppl 1, S5-S11. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:25-5-1999]Cai,S., Sarkar,H.K. and Singh,B.R. Enhancement of the endopeptidase activity of botulinum neurotoxin by its associated proteins and dithiothreitol Biochemistry (25-5-1999) 38, 6903-6910. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Cornille,F. and Roques,B.P. [Tetanus and botulinum toxins are zinc metallopeptidases: molecular mechanisms and inhibition of their neurotoxicity] J Soc Biol (1999) 193, 509-516. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Gaines Das,R.E., Heath,A.B., Martin,H. and Sesardic,D. Validation of in vitro assays for botulinum toxin: a case study Dev Biol Stand (1999) 101, 267-276. PubMed Europe PubMed A
Garcia,G.E., Moorad,D.R. and Gordon,R.K. Buforin I, a natural peptide, inhibits botulinum neurotoxin B activity in vitro J Appl Toxicol (1999) 19 Suppl 1, S19-S22. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:3-9-1999]Lacy,D.B. and Stevens,R.C. Sequence homology and structural analysis of the clostridial neurotoxins J Mol Biol (3-9-1999) 291, 1091-1104. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Li,L. and Singh,B.R. High-level expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant type A botulinum neurotoxin light chain Protein Expr Purif (1999) 17, 339-344. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Li,L. and Singh,B.R. Structure-function relationship of clostridial neurotoxins J Toxicol Toxin Rev (1999) 18, 95-112.
Najib,A., Pelliccioni,P., Gil,C. and Aguilera,J. Clostridium neurotoxins influence serotonin uptake and release differently in rat brain synaptosomes J Neurochem (1999) 72, 1991-1998. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:28-2-1999]Pellizzari,R., Rossetto,O., Schiavo,G. and Montecucco,C. Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins: mechanism of action and therapeutic uses Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (28-2-1999) 354, 259-268. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Vaidyanathan,V.V., Yoshino,K., Jahnz,M., Dorries,C., Bade,S., Nauenburg,S., Niemann,H. and Binz,T. Proteolysis of SNAP-25 isoforms by botulinum neurotoxin types A, C, and E: Domains and amino acid residues controlling the formation of enzyme-substrate complexes and cleavage J Neurochem (1999) 72, 327-337. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Washbourne,P., Bortoletto,N., Graham,M.E., Wilson,M.C., Burgoyne,R.D. and Montecucco,C. Botulinum neurotoxin E-insensitive mutants of SNAP-25 fail to bind VAMP but support exocytosis J Neurochem (1999) 73, 2424-2433. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wictome,M., Newton,K.A., Jameson,K., Dunnigan,P., Clarke,S., Gaze,J., Tauk,A., Foster,K.A. and Shone,C.C. Development of in vitro assays for the detection of botulinum toxins in foods FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol (1999) 24, 319-323. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Wictome,M., Newton,K., Jameson,K., Hallis,B., Dunnigan,P., Mackay,E., Clarke,S., Taylor,R., Gaze,J., Foster,K. and Shone,C. Development of an in vitro bioassay for Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin in foods that is more sensitive than the mouse bioassay Appl Environ Microbiol (1999) 65, 3787-3792. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC A

1998

Chen,F., Kuziemko,G.M. and Stevens,R.C. Biophysical characterization of the stability of the 150-kilodalton botulinum toxin, the nontoxic component, and the 900-kilodalton botulinum toxin complex species Infect Immun (1998) 66, 2420-2425. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC
[YEAR:14-4-1998]Fu,F.N., Lomneth,R.B., Cai,S. and Singh,B.R. Role of zinc in the structure and toxic activity of botulinum neurotoxin Biochemistry (14-4-1998) 37, 5267-5278. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lacy,D.B., Tepp,W., Cohen,A.C., DasGupta,B.R. and Stevens,R.C. Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type A and implications for toxicity Nat Struct Biol (1998) 5, 898-902. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
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1997

Antharavally,B.S. and DasGupta,B.R. Covalent structure of botulinum neurotoxin type E: location of sulfhydryl groups, and disulfide bridges and identification of C-termini of light and heavy chains J Protein Chem (1997) 16, 787-799. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Beecher,D.J. and DasGupta,B.R. Botulinum neurotoxin type A: limited proteolysis by endoproteinase Glu-C and alpha-chymotrypsin enhanced following reduction; identification of the cleaved sites and fragments J Protein Chem (1997) 16, 701-712. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Deloye,F., Doussau,F. and Poulain,B. [Action mechanisms of botulinum neurotoxins and tetanus neurotoxins] C R Seances Soc Biol Fil (1997) 191, 433-450. PubMed Europe PubMed
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1996

Hallis,B., James,B.A. and Shone,C.C. Development of novel assays for botulinum type A and B neurotoxins based on their endopeptidase activities J Clin Microbiol (1996) 34, 1934-1938. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC A
Montecucco,C., Schiavo,G. and Rossetto,O. The mechanism of action of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins Arch Toxicol Suppl (1996) 18, 342-354. PubMed Europe PubMed V
Tonello,F., Morante,S., Rossetto,O., Schiavo,G. and Montecucco,C. Tetanus and botulism neurotoxins: a novel group of zinc-endopeptidases Adv Exp Med Biol (1996) 389, 251-260. PubMed Europe PubMed
Williamson,L.C., Halpern,J.L., Montecucco,C., Brown,J.E. and Neale,E.A. Clostridial neurotoxins and substrate proteolysis in intact neurons: Botulinum neurotoxin C acts on synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa J Biol Chem (1996) 271, 7694-7699. PubMed Europe PubMed

1995

Schiavo,G. and Montecucco,C. Tetanus and botulism neurotoxins: isolation and assay Methods Enzymol (1995) 248, 643-652. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A V
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1994

East,A.K. and Collins,M.D. Conserved structure of genes encoding components of botulinum neurotoxin complex M and the sequence of the gene coding for the nontoxic component in nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum type F Curr Microbiol (1994) 29, 69-77. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Montecucco,C. and Schiavo,G. Mechanism of action of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins Mol Microbiol (1994) 13, 1-8. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Schiavo,G., Malizio,C., Trimble,W.S., Polverino de Laureto,P., Milan,G., Sugiyama,H., Johnson,E.A. and Montecucco,C. Botulinum G neurotoxin cleaves VAMP/synaptobrevin at a single Ala-Ala peptide bond J Biol Chem (1994) 269, 20213-20216. PubMed Europe PubMed P
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1993

Blasi,J., Chapman,E.R., Link,E., Binz,T., Yamasaki,S., De Camilli,P., Sudhof,T.C., Niemann,H. and Jahn,R. Botulinum neurotoxin A selectively cleaves the synaptic protein SNAP-25 Nature (1993) 365, 160-163. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Blasi,J., Chapman,E.R., Yamasaki,S., Binz,T., Niemann,H. and Jahn,R. Botulinum neurotoxin C1 blocks neurotransmitter release by means of cleaving HPC-1/syntaxin EMBO J (1993) 12, 4821-4828. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC
Montecucco,C. and Schiavo,G. Tetanus and botulism neurotoxins: a new group of zinc proteases Trends Biochem Sci (1993) 18, 324-327. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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1992

Fujii,N., Kimura,K., Yashiki,T., Tsuzuki,K., Moriishi,K., Yokosawa,N., Syuto,B. and Oguma,K. Cloning and whole nucleotide sequence of the gene for the light chain component of Botulinum type E toxin from Clostridium butyricum strain BL6340 and Clostridium botulinum type E strain Mashike Microbiol Immunol (1992) 36, 213-220. PubMed Europe PubMed
Fujii,N., Kimura,K., Yokosawa,N., Tsuzuki,K. and Oguma,K. A zinc-protease specific domain in botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins Toxicon (1992) 30, 1486-1488. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Schiavo,G., Benfenati,F., Poulain,B., Rossetto,O., Polverino de Laureto,P., DasGupta,B.R. and Montecucco,C. Tetanus and botulinum-B neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin Nature (1992) 359, 832-835. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

1989

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1986

[YEAR:6-11-1986]Penner,R., Neher,E. and Dreyer,F. Intracellularly injected tetanus toxin inhibits exocytosis in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells Nature (6-11-1986) 324, 76-78. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

1982

Gill,D.M. Bacterial toxins: a table of lethal amounts Microbiol Rev (1982) 46, 86-94. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC