$VAR1 = undef;

Summary for peptidase M43.004: pappalysin-1

Names
MEROPS Name	pappalysin-1
Other names	insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 protease, PAPPA g.p. (Homo sapiens), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A

Domain architecture

MEROPS Classification
Classification	Clan MA >> Subclan MA(M) >> Family M43 >> Subfamily B >> M43.004
Holotype	pappalysin-1 (Homo sapiens), Uniprot accession Q13219 (peptidase unit: 442-873), MERNUM MER0002217
History	Identifier created: MEROPS 6.20 (24 March 2003)

Activity
Catalytic type	Metallo
Peplist	Included in the Peplist with identifier PL00257
NC-IUBMB	Subclass 3.4 (Peptidases) >> Sub-subclass 3.4.24 (Metalloendopeptidases) >> Peptidase 3.4.24.79
Enzymology	BRENDA database
Proteolytic events	CutDB database (3 cleavages)
Activity status	human: active (Oxvig et al., 2004) mouse: active (by similarity to human) (Conover et al., 2004)
Physiology	Pappalysin-1 cleaves insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), causing a dramatic reduction in its affinity for IGF-I and -II. Acting in this way it is a regulator of IGF bioactivity in the human ovary and the cardiovascular system (Laursen et al., 2002). Pappalysin-1 is also responsible for IGF-dependent degradation of IGFBP-2 (Monget et al., 2003). Also contributes to the physiological proteolysis of IGFBP-5 (Rivera & Fortune, 2003). There is evidence that pappalysin-1 plays an essential role in determining IGF-II bioavailability for optimal fetal growth and development in the mouse (Bale & Conover, 2005).
Knockout	Mice homozygous for targeted disruption of the pappalysin-1 gene were viable but 60% the size of wild-type littermates at birth (Conover et al., 2004). .
Other databases	TREEFAM	http://www.treefam.org/family/TF331636