Literature for peptidase S01.217: thrombin

Summary Gene structure Alignment Tree Sequences Sequence features Distribution Structure Literature Substrates Pharma

(Topics flags: S Structure, A Assay, T Target, P Specificity, K Knockout, E Expression, V Review, M Mutation, I Inhibitor, L Localization, U Therapeutic. To select only the references relevant to a single topic, click the link above. See explanation.)

2025

Balogh,G. and Bereczky,Z. The Effects of Heparin Binding and Arg596 Mutations on the Conformation of Thrombin-Antithrombin Michaelis Complex, Revealed by Enhanced Sampling Molecular Dynamics Simulations Int J Mol Sci (2025) 26 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Biswas,I., Kudo,M. and Rezaie,A.R. Endothelial Protein C Receptor and Thrombomodulin Facilitate Protease-Activated Receptor 1 Cleavage at Arginine-46 by Thrombin and Activated Protein C J Biol Chem (2025) , 110339-110339. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chen,Y.X., Xu,Y.S., Dai,Z.W., Zheng,H.Y., Cai,T., Sun,Y.L., Chen,M., Wang,H., Mei,H. and Liu,S.H. ZnO Single-Crystal-Driven Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistors for Improved Human Thrombin Detection J Phys Chem Lett (2025) 16, 13147-13154. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Fredenburgh,J.C. and Weitz,J.I. Exosite crosstalk in thrombin J Thromb Haemost (2025) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Guo,W., Huang,S., Shao,X., Wu,Y., Ma,Y., Lu,S., Ren,H., Zhou,X., Yang,Z., Lyu,M., Liu,Y., Gordon,V., Brodbelt,J.S., Pan,T. and Lu,Y. Tandem ssDNA in neutrophil extracellular traps binds thrombin and regulates immunothrombosis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2025) 122, e2418191122-e2418191122. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC K
Imberg,L., Siutkina,A.I., Erbacher,C., Schmidt,J., Broekmans,D.F., Ovsepyan,R.A., Daniliuc,C.G., Goncalves de Oliveira,E., Serafim,M.S.M., O'Donoghue,A.J., Pillaiyar,T., Panteleev,M.A., Poso,A., Kalinina,S.A., Bermudez,M., Nekipelov,K., Bendas,G., Karst,U. and Kalinin,D.V. Pyrazinyl-Substituted Aminoazoles as Covalent Inhibitors of Thrombin: Synthesis, Structure, and Anticoagulant Properties ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci (2025) 8, 146-172. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Jenne,C. and Kubes,P. Single-strand DNA is the link between neutrophil extracellular traps and thrombin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2025) 122, e2515545122-e2515545122. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Lopez,M.J. and Yandrapalli,S. Thrombin (2025) PubMed Europe PubMed
Queisser,K.A., Smith,L., Leung,G., Albtoush,N., Mellema,R.A. and Petrey,A.C. Platelet Hyaluronan Synthase 3 Regulates Thrombin Signaling and Adhesion to Fibrinogen Under Venous Shear Proteoglycan Res (2025) 3 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Raucci,A., Sorrentino,G., Singh,S., Borbone,N., Oliviero,G., Piccialli,G., Terracciano,M. and Cinti,S. Cost-effective, user-friendly detection and preconcentration of thrombin on a sustainable paper-based electrochemical platform Anal Bioanal Chem (2025) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ruiz,L., Jaramillo,S., Calvo,A., Torrente,M.A., Tassies,D., Reverter,J.C., Blasi,A. and Troconiz,I. Dynamics of thrombin generation: Filling the gap between the system pharmacology theory and clinical practice in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Pharmacol Res Perspect (2025) 13, e70014-e70014. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Tatsuno,R., Ando,T., Fujimaki,T., Takayama,Y., Ohba,T. and Haro,H. Thrombin induces degradation of murine intervertebral discs via angiogenesis and M1-like polarization of macrophages Sci Rep (2025) 15, 34817-34817. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Ustok,F.I. and Huntington,J.A. Engineering a membrane-independent human prothrombinase through parsimonious mutation of factor Xa J Thromb Haemost (2025) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ustok,F.I., Faille,A. and Huntington,J.A. A 3.3-A cryo-EM structure of an engineered high-affinity human prothrombinase complex Blood (2025) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wang,J., Xu,Z., Wu,Q., Qu,W., Lv,S., Chen,P., Zhang,G., Zhao,L., Song,X. and Ding,C. Ultrasensitive Biosensor Based on Efficient Antifouling Interface and Dual Signal Amplification Strategy for Trace Detection of Thrombin in Serum Anal Chem (2025) 97, 16957-16965. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2024

Al-Horani,R.A. Revisiting the effect of cholesteryl sulfate on clotting and fibrinolysis: Inhibition of human thrombin and other human blood proteases Heliyon (2024) 10, e28017-e28017. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Aleksandrowicz,K., Hempel,D., Politynska,B., Wojtukiewicz,A.M., Honn,K.V., Tang,D.G. and Wojtukiewicz,M.Z. The Complex Role of Thrombin in Cancer and Metastasis: Focus on Interactions with the Immune System Semin Thromb Hemost (2024) 50, 462-473. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Ali,A.E. and Becker,R.C. Factor XI: structure, function and therapeutic inhibition J Thromb Thrombolysis (2024) 57, 1315-1328. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI K V
Amani,M.H., Rahimnejad,M. and Ezoji,H. Smartphone-assisted quantitative colorimetric identification of thrombin based on peroxidase mimetic features of fibrinogen-gold nanozymes Mikrochim Acta (2024) 191, 83-83. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ardoino,N., Lunelli,L., Pucker,G., Vanzetti,L., Favaretto,R., Pasquardini,L., Pederzolli,C., Guardiani,C. and Potrich,C. Optimization of Surface Functionalizations for Ring Resonator-Based Biosensors Sensors (Basel) (2024) 24 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Bar Barroeta,A., Albanese,P., Kadava,T., Jankevics,A., Marquart,J.A., Meijers,J.C.M. and Scheltema,R.A. Thrombin activation of the factor XI dimer is a multistaged process for each subunit J Thromb Haemost (2024) 22, 1336-1346. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Biswas,I., Giri,H., Panicker,S.R. and Rezaie,A.R. Thrombomodulin Switches Signaling and Protease-Activated Receptor 1 Cleavage Specificity of Thrombin Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol (2024) 44, 603-616. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Cao,T., Li,S., Wang,X., Sun,Y. and Luo,C. A novel target-triggered signal chemiluminescence kit for thrombin detection based on fusiform Au/MIL-53(Fe) Talanta (2024) 267, 125144-125144. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chan,M.D., Yasamanova,A.N., Avakian,G.G., Nikonova,A.A. and Kamchatnov,P.R. [The multidirectional effects of thrombin and the possibility of their control in neurology] Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova (2024) 124, 42-48. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Dai,Y., Kretz,C.A., Kim,P.Y. and Gross,P.L. A specific fluorescence resonance energy quenching-based biosensor for measuring thrombin activity in whole blood J Thromb Haemost (2024) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Di Cera,E. A simple method to resolve rate constants when the binding mechanism obeys induced fit or conformational selection J Biol Chem (2024) 300, 107131-107131. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Gyldenholm,T., Hvas,A.M., Christensen,T.D. and Larsen,J.B. Thrombin Generation Markers as Predictors of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review Semin Thromb Hemost (2024) 50, 384-401. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Kim,G. and Yang,H. Electrochemical biosensor using direct electron transfer and an antibody-aptamer hybrid sandwich for target detection in complex biological samples Biosens Bioelectron (2024) 253, 116184-116184. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kumar,S., Summers,B., Basore,K., Pengo,V., Flaumenhaft,R. and Pozzi,N. Cryo-EM structure and functional basis of prothrombin recognition by a Type-I anti-prothrombin antiphospholipid antibody Blood (2024) 143, 2005-2011. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Liu,Y. and Zhou,J. Genetic Susceptibility of Thrombin Measurement Levels and the Risk of Colon Adenocarcinoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study Br J Hosp Med (Lond) (2024) 85, 1-13. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Manuvera,V.A., Kharlampieva,D.D., Bobrovsky,P.A., Grafskaia,E.N., Brovina,K.A. and Lazarev,V.N. New anticoagulant protein from medicinal leech Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2024) 696, 149473-149473. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Overlinge,D., Ceglowska,M., Konkel,R. and Mazur-Marzec,H. Aeruginosin 525 (AER525) from Cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon Sp. (KUCC C2): A New Serine Proteases Inhibitor Mar Drugs (2024) 22 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Paul,S., Chatterjee,A., Das,K., Ray,A., Basu,A., Mukhopadhyay,S. and Sen,P. Thrombin confers chemotherapeutic resistance by promoting transcriptional induction and post-translational stabilization of pro-survival MCL1 in TNBC J Biol Chem (2024) , 108025-108025. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Risman,R.A., Belcher,H.A., Ramanujam,R.K., Weisel,J.W., Hudson,N.E. and Tutwiler,V. Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of Fibrinogen and Thrombin in Clot Formation and Structure for Plasma and Purified Fibrinogen Biomolecules (2024) 14 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Stojanovski,B.M., Pelc,L.A. and Di Cera,E. Thrombin has dual trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like specificity J Thromb Haemost (2024) 22, 1009-1015. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Stojanovski,B.M., Mohammed,B.M. and Di Cera,E. The Prothrombin-Prothrombinase Interaction Subcell Biochem (2024) 104, 409-423. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Ustok,F.I., Adams,T.E. and Huntington,J.A. Rapid and ordered cleavage of prothrombin by Hopsarin D in the absence of phospholipid membranes J Thromb Haemost (2024) 22, 3070-3083. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Vergnolle,N. Thrombin stories in the gut Biochimie (2024) 226, 107-112. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Wu,D., Prem,A., Xiao,J. and Salsbury,F.R. Thrombin - A Molecular Dynamics Perspective Mini Rev Med Chem (2024) 24, 1112-1124. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Zhang,J., Xu,D., Deng,Z., Tan,X., Guo,D., Qiao,Y., Li,Y., Hou,X., Wang,S. and Zhang,J. Using tungsten oxide quantum-dot enhanced electrochemiluminescence to measure thrombin activity and screen its inhibitors Talanta (2024) 267, 125267-125267. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2023

Adams,R., Coleman,R. and Stanton,T. Performance of Chromogenic Protein C (PC) Testing Methods Mol Biol (2023) 2663, 225-232. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ali,G.K., Algethami,F.K. and Omer,K.M. Gold single atom-based aptananozyme as an ultrasensitive and selective colorimetric probe for detection of thrombin and C-reactive protein Mikrochim Acta (2023) 191, 59-59. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Asena Ozbek,M., Ozgur,E., Bereli,N. and Denizli,A. Molecular imprinted based microcryogels for thrombin purification J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci (2023) 1228, 123848-123848. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Cimen,D., Bereli,N., Gunaydin,S. and Denizli,A. Preparation of magnetic poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-N-Methacryloyl-(L)-glutamic acid) particles for thrombin purification J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci (2023) 1219, 123653-123653. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dong,H., Liu,X., Gan,L., Fan,D., Sun,X., Zhang,Z. and Wu,P. Nucleic acid aptamer-based biosensors and their application in thrombin analysis Bioanalysis (2023) 15, 513-532. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Erickson,R., Huang,C., Allen,C., Ireland,J., Roth,G., Zou,Z., Lu,J., Lafont,B.A.P., Garza,N.L., Brumbaugh,B., Zhao,M., Suzuki,M., Olano,L., Brzostowski,J., Fischer,E.R., Twigg,H.L., III, Johnson,R.F. and Sun,P.D. SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lung epithelial cells induces TMPRSS-mediated acute fibrin deposition Nat Commun (2023) 14, 6380-6380. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Fuhrmann,D.C., Becker,S. and Brune,B. Mitochondrial ferritin expression in human macrophages is facilitated by thrombin-mediated cleavage under hypoxia FEBS Lett (2023) 597, 276-287. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Komives,E.A. Dynamic allostery in thrombin-a review Front Mol Biosci (2023) 10, 1200465-1200465. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Li,X., Song,X., Mahmood,D.F.D., Sim,M.M.S., Bidarian,S.J. and Wood,J.P. Activated protein C, protein S, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor cooperate to inhibit thrombin activation Thromb Res (2023) 230, 84-93. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Matsui,S., Nakamura,O. and Tsutsui,S. Unique properties of prothrombin in the bullhead shark Heterodontus japonicus: the first report of purification and characterization of a blood coagulation factor in Chondrichthyes J Comp Physiol B (2023) 193, 71-80. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Nagano,M., Kubota,K., Sakata,A., Nakamura,R., Yoshitomi,T., Wakui,K. and Yoshimoto,K. A neutralizable dimeric anti-thrombin aptamer with potent anticoagulant activity in mice Mol Ther Nucleic Acids (2023) 33, 762-772. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Parunov,L.A., Liang,Y., Lu,Q., Shibeko,A.M., Tucker,E.I., Lee,T.K., Ataullakhanov,F.I., Scott,D.E. and Ovanesov,M.V. Thrombogenic potential of picomolar coagulation factor XIa is mediated by thrombin wave propagation Blood Adv (2023) 7, 2622-2631. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Riccardi,C., Perez de Carvasal,K., Platella,C., Meyer,A., Smietana,M., Morvan,F. and Montesarchio,D. Probing naphthalene diimide and 3-hydroxypropylphosphate as end-conjugating moieties for improved thrombin binding aptamers: Structural and biological effects Bioorg Chem (2023) 141, 106917-106917. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wu,S., Wang,T., Li,J., Zhang,Z., Li,C., Xiao,S., He,J., Wang,X., Hu,Z., Wang,X., Zheng,S., Liang,X., Chen,G., Li,Y., Li,X., Zhan,Y., Zou,Q., Jiang,H., Zheng,Q., Ban,L., Liu,H. and Fang,Y. First-in-human trial of SAR107375E, a novel small molecule anticoagulant with dual inhibition of factor Xa and factor IIa Expert Opin Investig Drugs (2023) 32, 1085-1094. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Xu,J., Ye,W., Yang,T.T., Yan,T., Cai,H., Zhou,A. and Yang,Y. DNA accelerates the protease inhibition of a bacterial serpin chloropin Front Mol Biosci (2023) 10, 1157186-1157186. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Zhang,Q.D., Duan,Q.Y., Tu,J. and Wu,F.G. Thrombin and Thrombin-Incorporated Biomaterials for Disease Treatments Adv Healthc Mater (2023) , e2302209-e2302209. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V

2022

Al-Amer,O.M. The role of thrombin in haemostasis Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis (2022) 33, 145-148. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Bar Barroeta,A., Marquart,J.A. and Meijers,J.C.M. A FRET-based assay for the quantitation of the thrombin-factor XI interaction Thromb Res (2022) 214, 23-28. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dukhin,O.A., Kalinsaya,A.I., Shpektor,A.V. and Vasilieva,E.Y. [The role of thrombin in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications] Kardiologiia (2022) 62, 73-81. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Eaton,M.P., Nadtochiy,S.M., Stefanos,T., LeMoine,D. and Anderson,B.J. Delayed concentration effect models for dabigatran anticoagulation Paediatr Anaesth (2022) 32, 1113-1120. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Eivazzadeh-Keihan,R., Saadatidizaji,Z., Maleki,A., de la Guardia,M., Mahdavi,M., Barzegar,S. and Ahadian,S. Recent Progresses in Development of Biosensors for Thrombin Detection Biosensors (Basel) (2022) 12 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC V
Jiang,H., Zhang,Y., Wu,Y., Cheng,J., Feng,S., Wang,J., Wang,X. and Cheng,M. Identification of Montelukast as flavivirus NS2B-NS3 protease inhibitor by inverse virtual screening and experimental validation Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2022) 606, 87-93. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Laki,K. The Polymerization of Proteins: the Action of Thrombin on Fibrinogen Arch Biochem Biophys (2022) 726, 109244-109244. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Modrzycka,S., Kolt,S., Polderdijk,S.G.I., Adams,T.E., Potoczek,S., Huntington,J.A., Kasperkiewicz,P. and Drag,M. Parallel imaging of coagulation pathway proteases activated protein C, thrombin, and factor Xa in human plasma Chem Sci (2022) 13, 6813-6829. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Olson,S.T. Commentary on "The polymerization of proteins: The action of thrombin on fibrinogen" Arch Biochem Biophys (2022) , 109176-109176. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ruben,E.A., Summers,B., Rau,M.J., Fitzpatrick,J.A.J. and Di Cera,E. Cryo-EM structure of the prothrombin-prothrombinase complex Blood (2022) 139, 3463-3473. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Wang,J., Sun,X., Li,N., Sheng,R. and Guo,R. An overview of thrombin inhibitors in the perspective of structure-activity relationships Curr Med Chem (2022) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yang,P., Guo,X., Zhang,J., Chen,C., Gan,Y., Xie,W., Du,Y. and Wu,Z. Picomolar thrombin detection by orchestration of triple signal amplification strategy with hierarchically porous Ti3C2Tx MXene electrode material-catalytic hairpin assembly reaction-metallic nanoprobes Biosens Bioelectron (2022) 208, 114228-114228. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Zabrodskaya,Y.A., Egorov,V.V., Sokolov,A.V., Shvetsov,A.V., Gorshkova,Y.E., Ivankov,O.I., Kostevich,V.A., Gorbunov,N.P., Ramsay,E.S., Fedorova,N.D., Bondarenko,A.B. and Vasilyev,V.B. Caught red handed: modeling and confirmation of the myeloperoxidase ceruloplasmin alpha-thrombin complex Biometals (2022) 35, 1157-1168. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Zhang,X., Yang,Y., Wang,Y., Wu,J., Fang,Q., Wang,Y., Zhao,M. and Peng,S. (1R,3S)-THCCA-Asn: To show the discovery of selective inhibitor of thrombin by successfully combining virtual screening and biological assay Eur J Med Chem (2022) 242, 114681-114681. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2021

Al Zamel,I., Palakkott,A. and Ayoub,M.A. Synergistic activation of thrombin and angiotensin II receptors revealed by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer FEBS Lett (2021) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Aliter,K.F. and Al-Horani,R.A. Thrombin Inhibition by Argatroban: Potential Therapeutic Benefits in COVID-19 Cardiovasc Drugs Ther (2021) 35, 195-203. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC V I
Bhakta,V., Hamada,M., Nouanesengsy,A., Lapierre,J., Perruzza,D.L. and Sheffield,W.P. Identification of an alpha-1 antitrypsin variant with enhanced specificity for factor XIa by phage display, bacterial expression, and combinatorial mutagenesis Sci Rep (2021) 11, 5565-5565. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Boro,M., Govatati,S., Kumar,R., Singh,N.K., Pichavaram,P., Traylor,J.G., Jr., Orr,A.W. and Rao,G.N. Correction: Thrombin-Par1 signaling axis disrupts COP9 signalosome subunit 3-mediated ABCA1 stabilization in inducing foam cell formation and atherogenesis Cell Death Differ (2021) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Campello,E., Bulato,C., Spiezia,L., Boscolo,A., Poletto,F., Cola,M., Gavasso,S., Simion,C., Radu,C.M., Cattelan,A., Tiberio,I., Vettor,R., Navalesi,P. and Simioni,P. Thrombin generation in patients with COVID-19 with and without thromboprophylaxis Clin Chem Lab Med (2021) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Crossen,J. and Diamond,S.L. Thermal shift assay to probe melting of thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin monomer, and fibrin: Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro induces a fibrin monomer-like state in fibrinogen Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj (2021) 1865, 129805-129805. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Fischer,A., Sellner,M., Mitusinska,K., Bzowka,M., Lill,M.A., Gora,A. and Smiesko,M. Computational Selectivity Assessment of Protease Inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Int J Mol Sci (2021) 22 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Hamada,M., Bhakta,V., Andres,S.N. and Sheffield,W.P. Stepwise Reversion of Multiply Mutated Recombinant Antitrypsin Reveals a Selective Inhibitor of Coagulation Factor XIa as Active as the M358R Variant Front Cardiovasc Med (2021) 8, 647405-647405. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Huang,W., Hu,G.B., Liang,W.B., Wang,J.M., Lu,M.L., Yuan,R. and Xiao,D.R. Ruthenium(II) Complex-Grafted Hollow Hierarchical Metal-Organic Frameworks with Superior Electrochemiluminescence Performance for Sensitive Assay of Thrombin Anal Chem (2021) 93, 6239-6245. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kearney,K.J., Butler,J., Posada,O.M., Wilson,C., Heal,S., Ali,M., Hardy,L., Ahnstrom,J., Gailani,D., Foster,R., Hethershaw,E., Longstaff,C. and Philippou,H. Kallikrein directly interacts with and activates Factor IX, resulting in thrombin generation and fibrin formation independent of Factor XI Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2021) 118 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Koh,C.Y., Shih,N., Yip,C.Y.C., Li,A.W.L., Chen,W., Amran,F.S., Leong,E.J.E., Iyer,J.K., Croft,G., Mazlan,M.I.B., Chee,Y.L., Yap,E.S., Monroe,D.M., Hoffman,M., Becker,R.C., de Kleijn,D.P.V., Verma,V., Gupta,A., Chaudhary,V.K., Richards,A.M., Kini,R.M. and Chan,M.Y. Efficacy and safety of next-generation tick transcriptome-derived direct thrombin inhibitors Nat Commun (2021) 12, 6912-6912. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Kunnapuu,J., Bokharaie,H. and Jeltsch,M. Proteolytic Cleavages in the VEGF Family: Generating Diversity among Angiogenic VEGFs, Essential for the Activation of Lymphangiogenic VEGFs Biology (Basel) (2021) 10 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Larsen,J.B. and Hvas,A.M. Thrombin: A Pivotal Player in Hemostasis and Beyond Semin Thromb Hemost (2021) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Lo,Y.C., Peng,C.T. and Chen,Y.T. Case Report: Factor VII Deficiency Presented With Cephalohematoma After Birth Front Pediatr (2021) 9, 755121-755121. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Lu,Y., Biswas,I., Villoutreix,B.O. and Rezaie,A.R. Role of Gly197 in the structure and function of protein C Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj (2021) 1865, 129892-129892. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Nakajima,Y., Minami,H. and Nogami,K. Acidic Region Residues 1680-1684 in the A3 Domain of Factor VIII Contain a Thrombin-Interactive Site Responsible for Proteolytic Cleavage at Arg1689 Thromb Haemost (2021) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Peacock,R.B. and Komives,E.A. Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Reveal Dynamic Allostery on Multiple Time Scales in the Serine Protease Thrombin Biochemistry (2021) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pelc,L.A., Koester,S.K., Kukla,C.R., Chen,Z. and Di Cera,E. The active site region plays a critical role in Na(+) binding to thrombin J Biol Chem (2021) 298, 101458-101458. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Reda,S., Ruhl,H., Witkowski,J., Muller,J., Pavlova,A., Oldenburg,J. and Potzsch,B. PC Deficiency Testing: Thrombin-Thrombomodulin as PC Activator and Aptamer-Based Enzyme Capturing Increase Diagnostic Accuracy Front Cardiovasc Med (2021) 8, 755281-755281. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Sriram,K. and Insel,P.A. Inflammation and thrombosis in COVID-19 pathophysiology: Proteinase-activated and purinergic receptors as drivers and candidate therapeutic targets Physiol Rev (2021) 101, 545-567. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Troisi,R., Balasco,N., Autiero,I., Vitagliano,L. and Sica,F. Exosite Binding in Thrombin: A Global Structural/Dynamic Overview of Complexes with Aptamers and Other Ligands Int J Mol Sci (2021) 22 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC V
Wan,J., Vadaq,N., Konings,J., Jaeger,M., Kumar,V., de Laat,B., Joosten,L., Netea,M.G., van der Ven,A.J., DE Groot,P.G., de Mast,Q. and Roest,M. Kallikrein augments the anticoagulant function of the protein C system in thrombin generation J Thromb Haemost (2021) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Watanabe,Y., Oguri,R., Suzuki,R., Meng,Q., Ishikawa,Y., Tatsukawa,H., Hashimoto,H. and Hitomi,K. Thrombin-deficient mutant of medaka, a model fish, displays serious retardation in blood coagulation Biosci Biotechnol Biochem (2021) 85, 824-833. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wong,P.C. and Quan,M.L. Improved efficacy/safety profile of factor XIa inhibitor BMS-724296 versus factor Xa inhibitor apixaban and thrombin inhibitor dabigatran in cynomolgus monkeys Res Pract Thromb Haemost (2021) 5, e12524-e12524. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Ye,F., Garton,H.J.L., Hua,Y., Keep,R.F. and Xi,G. The Role of Thrombin in Brain Injury After Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Stroke Transl Stroke Res (2021) 12, 496-511. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Zhou,M., Gao,D., Yang,Z., Zhou,C., Tan,Y., Wang,W. and Jiang,Y. Streaming-enhanced, chip-based biosensor with acoustically active, biomarker-functionalized micropillars: A case study of thrombin detection Talanta (2021) 222, 121480-121480. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2020

Agarwal,V., Bhatia,V. and Gorsi,U. Response to article on endoscopic ultrasound-guided thrombin injection, a management approach for visceral artery pseudoaneurysms Endosc Int Open (2020) 8, E967-E967. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Alvarez-Arce,A., Lee-Rivera,I., Lopez,E. and Lopez-Colome,A.M. Thrombin-activated PAR1 membrane expression is regulated by Rab11a-RCP complex dissociation Cell Signal (2020) 75, 109748-109748. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bano,S., Fatima,S., Ahamad,S., Ansari,S., Gupta,D., Tabish,M., Rehman,S.U. and Jairajpuri,M.A. Identification and characterization of a novel isoform of heparin cofactor II in human liver IUBMB Life (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Batteux,B., Bodeau,S., Gras-Champel,V., Liabeuf,S., Lanoix,J.P., Schmit,J.L., Andrejak,C., Zerbib,Y., Haye,G., Masmoudi,K., Lemaire-Hurtel,A.S. and Bennis,Y. Abnormal laboratory findings and plasma concentration monitoring of lopinavir and ritonavir in COVID-19 Br J Clin Pharmacol (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Belay,E.S., O'Donnell,J., Flamant,E., Hinton,Z., Klifto,C.S. and Anakwenze,O. Intravenous tranexamic acid versus topical thrombin in shoulder arthroplasty J Shoulder Elbow Surg (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
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Gao,X., Cheng,Y.H., Enten,G.A., DeSantis,A.J., Gaponenko,V. and Majetschak,M. Regulation of the thrombin/protease-activated receptor 1 axis by chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 J Biol Chem (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI K
Geng,W.C., Li,D.L., Sang,J.L., Pan,L.L., Jiang,Z.L., Liu,C. and Li,Y.J. Engineering one-dimensional trough-like Au-Ag2S nano-hybrids for plasmon-enhanced photoelectrodetection of human alpha-thrombin J Mater Chem B (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Huang,Z., He,D. and Li,H.W. A fluorometric assay of thrombin using magnetic nanoparticles and enzyme-free hybridization chain reaction Mikrochim Acta (2020) 187, 295-295. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
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Jamei,H.R., Rezaei,B. and Ensafi,A.A. Ultra-sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor with aptamer recognition surface based on polymer quantum dots and C60/MWCNTs- polyethylenimine nanocomposites for analysis of thrombin protein Bioelectrochemistry (2020) 138, 107701-107701. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Jasser-Nitsche,H., Haidl,H., Cvirn,G., Pohl,S., Gallistl,S., Frohlich-Reiterer,E. and Schlagenhauf,A. Increased tissue factor activity promotes thrombin generation at type 1 diabetes onset in children Pediatr Diabetes (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Jeong,J., Shim,D.J., Lee,K.Y., Kim,S.K. and Lee,J.W. Angiography-guided percutaneous thrombin injection for haemostasis of active bleeding complicated by femoral access: a case report J Int Med Res (2020) 48, 300060520947635-300060520947635. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Kausche,L.E., Adler,W., Zimmermann,R., Hackstein,H. and Strasser,E.F. Thrombin Generation in Fresh and Frozen-Thawed Platelet Poor Plasma - Is there a Difference? Clin Lab (2020) 66 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kipshidze,N., Dangas,G., White,C.J., Kipshidze,N., Siddiqui,F., Lattimer,C.R., Carter,C.A. and Fareed,J. Viral Coagulopathy in Patients With COVID-19: Treatment and Care Clin Appl Thromb Hemost (2020) 26, 1076029620936776-1076029620936776. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Krenzlin,H., Frenz,C., Schmitt,J., Masomi-Bornwasser,J., Wesp,D., Kalasauskas,D., Kerz,T., Lotz,J., Alessandri,B., Ringel,F. and Keric,N. High CSF thrombin concentration and activity is associated with an unfavorable outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage PLoS ONE (2020) 15, e0241565-e0241565. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Lin,Y., Sun,Y., Dai,Y., Sun,W., Zhu,X., Liu,H., Han,R., Gao,D., Luo,C. and Wang,X. A "signal-on" chemiluminescence biosensor for thrombin detection based on DNA functionalized magnetic sodium alginate hydrogel and metalloporphyrinic metal-organic framework nanosheets Talanta (2020) 207, 120300-120300. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
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Liu,H., Tu,M., Cheng,S., Xu,Z., Xu,X. and Du,M. Anticoagulant decapeptide interacts with thrombin at the active site and exosite-I J Agric Food Chem (2020) 68, 176-184. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
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Martinez-Perez,P., Gomez-Gomez,M., Angelova,T., Griol,A., Hurtado,J., Bellieres,L. and Garcia-Ruperez,J. Continuous detection of increasing concentrations of thrombin employing a label-free photonic crystal aptasensor Micromachines (Basel) (2020) 11 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Metze,M., Pfrepper,C., Kloter,T., Stobe,S., Siegemund,R., Siegemund,T., Edel,E., Laufs,U. and Petros,S. Inhibition of thrombin generation 12 hours after intake of direct oral anticoagulants Res Pract Thromb Haemost (2020) 4, 610-618. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
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Nishimoto,Y., Nagata,S., Akashi,E., Yamasaki,M. and Kitamura,K. Thrombin rapidly digests adrenomedullin: Synthesis of adrenomedullin analogs resistant to thrombin Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2020) 529, 778-783. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Ogiwara,K., Nogami,K., Matsumoto,N., Noguchi-Sasaki,M., Hirata,M., Soeda,T. and Shima,M. A modified thrombin generation assay to evaluate the plasma coagulation potential in the presence of emicizumab, the bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X Int J Hematol (2020) PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Okada,M., Tominaga,N., Honda,G., Nishioka,J., Akita,N., Hayashi,T., Suzuki,K. and Moriuchi,H. A case of thrombomodulin mutation causing defective thrombin binding with absence of protein C and TAFI activation Blood Adv (2020) 4, 2631-2639. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Osterud,B. Commentary on "Therapeutic doses of recombinant factor VIIa in hemophilia generates thrombin in platelet-dependent and -independent mechanisms" J Thromb Haemost (2020) 18, 1853-1854. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Papadaki,S., Sidiropoulou,S., Moschonas,I.C. and Tselepis,A.D. Factor Xa and thrombin induce endothelial progenitor cell activation. The effect of direct oral anticoagulants Platelets (2020) , 1-8. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Pedersen,N.B., Stolberg,C.R., Mundbjerg,L.H., Juhl,C.B., Gram,B., Funch-Jensen,P., de Maat,M.P.M., Munster,A.B. and Bladbjerg,E.M. Reductions in plasmin inhibitor and fibrinogen predict the improved fibrin clot lysis 6 months after obesity surgery Clin Obes (2020) , e12397-e12397. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Peng,Y., Gao,M., Liu,Y., Qiu,X., Cheng,X., Yang,X., Chen,F. and Wang,E. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles induce disseminated intravascular coagulation through the caspase-11-gasdermin D pathway Thromb Res (2020) 196, 159-166. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pfrepper,C., Metze,M., Siegemund,A., Kloter,T., Siegemund,T. and Petros,S. Direct oral anticoagulant plasma levels and thrombin generation on ST Genesia system Res Pract Thromb Haemost (2020) 4, 619-627. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Ranucci,M., Sitzia,C., Baryshnikova,E., Di Dedda,U., Cardani,R., Martelli,F. and Corsi Romanelli,M. Covid-19-Associated Coagulopathy: Biomarkers of Thrombin Generation and Fibrinolysis Leading the Outcome J Clin Med (2020) 9 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Rashaideh,M.A., Janho,K.E., Shawaqfeh,J.S., Ajarmeh,E. and As'ad,M. Ultrasound-guided thrombin injection versus ultrasound-guided compression therapy of iatrogenic femoral false aneurysms: Single center experience Med J Armed Forces India (2020) 76, 293-297. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Riccardi,C., Napolitano,E., Platella,C., Musumeci,D. and Montesarchio,D. G-quadruplex-based aptamers targeting human thrombin: Discovery, chemical modifications and antithrombotic effects Pharmacol Ther (2020) , 107649-107649. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Rodriguez,B.A.T., Bhan,A., Beswick,A., Elwood,P.C., Niiranen,T.J., Salomaa,V., Tregouet,D.A., Morange,P.E., Civelek,M., Ben-Shlomo,Y., Schlaeger,T., Chen,M.H. and Johnson,A.D. A Platelet Function Modulator of Thrombin Activation Is Causally Linked to Cardiovascular Disease and Affects PAR4 Receptor Signaling Am J Hum Genet (2020) 107, 211-221. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Roman-Melendez,G.D., Venkataraman,T., Monaco,D.R. and Larman,H.B. Protease Activity Profiling via Programmable Phage Display of Comprehensive Proteome-Scale Peptide Libraries Cell Syst (2020) 11, 375-381. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sanda,T., Yoshimura,M., Hyodo,K., Ishii,H. and Yamashita,T. Effects of Long-term Thrombin Inhibition (Dabigatran Etexilate) on Spontaneous Thrombolytic Activity during the Progression of Atherosclerosis in ApoE(-/-)-LDLR(-/-) Double-Knockout Mice Korean Circ J (2020) 50, 804-816. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Schramm,W., Seitz,R. and Gurtler,L. COVID-19-associated coagulopathy - Hypothesis: Are Children protected due to enhanced thrombin inhibition by higher alpha2 -Macroglobulin (alpha2-M)? J Thromb Haemost (2020) 18, 2416-2418. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
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Sriram,K. and Insel,P.A. Proteinase-activated receptor 1: A target for repurposing in the treatment of COVID-19? Br J Pharmacol (2020) 177, 4971-4974. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Stallone,G., Pontrelli,P., Rascio,F., Castellano,G., Gesualdo,L. and Grandaliano,G. Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Kidney Graft Rejection Front Immunol (2020) 11, 1807-1807. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC V
Stojanovski,B.M., Pelc,L.A., Zuo,X. and Di Cera,E. Zymogen and activated protein C have similar structural architecture J Biol Chem (2020) 295, 15236-15244. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sun,Y., Zhu,X., Liu,H., Dai,Y., Han,R., Gao,D., Luo,C., Wang,X. and Wei,Q. Novel chemiluminescence sensor for thrombin detection based on dual-aptamer biorecognition and mesoporous silica encapsulated with iron porphyrin ACS Appl Mater Interfaces (2020) 12, 5569-5577. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Sypabekova,M., Aitkulov,A., Blanc,W. and Tosi,D. Reflector-less nanoparticles doped optical fiber biosensor for the detection of proteins: Case thrombin Biosens Bioelectron (2020) 165, 112365-112365. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Szabo,G., Debreceni,I.B., Tarr,T., Soltesz,P., Osterud,B. and Kappelmayer,J. Anti-beta2-glycoprotein I autoantibodies influence thrombin generation parameters via various mechanisms Thromb Res (2020) 197, 124-131. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Tang,Z., Ren,Y. and Liu,F. Identify thrombin inhibitor with novel skeleton based on virtual screening study J Biomol Struct Dyn (2020) , 1-9. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
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Zalewski,J., Stepien,K., Nowak,K., Caus,S., Butenas,S. and Undas,A. Delayed Thrombin Generation Is Associated with Minor Bleedings in Venous Thromboembolism Patients on Rivaroxaban: Usefulness of Calibrated Automated Thrombography J Clin Med (2020) 9 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Zavyalova,E.G., Ustinov,N.B. and Kopylov,A.M. Exploring the efficiency of thrombin inhibitors with a quantitative model of the coagulation cascade FEBS Lett (2020) 594, 995-1004. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
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Zhao,B., Wu,M., Hu,Z., Ma,Y., Qi,W., Zhang,Y., Li,Y., Yu,M., Wang,H. and Mo,W. Thrombin is a therapeutic target for non-small-cell lung cancer to inhibit vasculogenic mimicry formation Signal Transduct Target Ther (2020) 5, 117-117. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Zou,L., Yang,L., Zhan,Y., Huang,D. and Ye,B. Photoelectrochemical aptasensor for thrombin based on Au-rGO-CuS as signal amplification elements Mikrochim Acta (2020) 187, 433-433. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2019

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Gohda,K. Computational conformational analysis of alpha-thrombin inhibitors possessing distinct scaffolds in aqueous solution and on Ala-sheet J Mol Graph Model (2019) 87, 165-171. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Gosai,A., Hau Yeah,B.S., Nilsen-Hamilton,M. and Shrotriya,P. Label free thrombin detection in presence of high concentration of albumin using an aptamer-functionalized nanoporous membrane Biosens Bioelectron (2019) 126, 88-95. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Huang Devine,Z., Du,F., Li,Q., Bunce,M., Lacy,E.R. and Chintala,M. Pharmacological profile of JNJ-64179375: a novel, long-acting exosite-1 thrombin inhibitor J Pharmacol Exp Ther (2019) 371, 375-384. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Lenz,M., Shimon,M.B., Benninger,F., Neufeld,M.Y., Shavit-Stein,E., Vlachos,A. and Maggio,N. Systemic thrombin inhibition ameliorates seizures in a mouse model of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus J Mol Med (Berl) (2019) 97, 1567-1574. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Li,C., Fan,P., Liang,A. and Jiang,Z. Using Ca-doped carbon dots as catalyst to amplify signal to determine ultratrace thrombin by free-label aptamer-SERS method Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl (2019) 99, 1399-1406. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Pelc,L.A., Koester,S.K., Chen,Z., Gistover,N.E. and Di Cera,E. Residues W215, E217 and E192 control the allosteric E*-E equilibrium of thrombin Sci Rep (2019) 9, 12304-12304. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Saa,L., Diez-Buitrago,B., Briz,N. and Pavlov,V. CdS quantum dots generated in-situ for fluorometric determination of thrombin activity Mikrochim Acta (2019) 186, 657-657. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Spiridonova,V.A., Novikova,T.M., Sizov,V.A., Shashkovskaya,V.S., Titaeva,E.V., Dobrovolsky,A.B., Zharikova,E.B. and Mazurov,A.V. DNA Aptamers to thrombin exosite I. Structure-function relationships and antithrombotic effects Biochemistry (Mosc) (2019) 84, 1521-1528. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Stojanovski,B.M., Chen,Z., Koester,S.K., Pelc,L.A. and Di Cera,E. Role of the I16-D194 ionic interaction in the trypsin fold Sci Rep (2019) 9, 18035-18035. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sun,L., Xie,X., Weng,W. and Jin,H. Structural and mechanistic insights into modified G-quadruplex thrombin-binding DNA aptamers Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2019) 513, 753-759. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Wang,X., Gao,F., Gong,Y., Liu,G., Zhang,Y. and Ding,C. Electrochemical aptasensor based on conductive supramolecular polymer hydrogels for thrombin detection with high selectivity Talanta (2019) 205, 120140-120140. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Wei,L.H., Chen,T.R., Fang,H.B., Jin,Q., Zhang,S.J., Hou,J., Yu,Y., Dou,T.Y., Cao,Y.F., Guo,W.Z. and Ge,G.B. Natural constituents of St. John's Wort inhibit the proteolytic activity of human thrombin Int J Biol Macromol (2019) 134, 622-630. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Wei,Y., Wang,L., Zhang,Y. and Dong,Y. An enzyme- and label-free fluorescence aptasensor for detection of thrombin based on graphene oxide and G-quadruplex Sensors (Basel) (2019) 19 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Wilson,S.J., Connolly,T.M., Peters,G., Ghosh,A., Johnson,M. and Newby,D.E. Exosite 1 thrombin inhibition with JNJ-64179375 inhibits thrombus formation in a human translational model of thrombosis Cardiovasc Res (2019) 115, 669-677. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yu,N. and Wu,J. Rapid and reagentless detection of thrombin in clinic samples via microfluidic aptasensors with multiple target-binding sites Biosens Bioelectron (2019) 146, 111726-111726. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Yun,W., You,L., Li,F., Wu,H., Chen,L. and Yang,L. Proximity ligation assay induced and DNAzyme powered DNA motor for fluorescent detection of thrombin Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc (2019) 207, 39-45. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zavyalova,E.G., Legatova,V.A., Alieva,R.S., Zalevsky,A.O., Tashlitsky,V.N., Arutyunyan,A.M. and Kopylov,A.M. Putative mechanisms underlying high inhibitory activities of bimodular DNA aptamers to thrombin Biomolecules (2019) 9 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Zhou,Y., Qi,X., Liu,Y., Zhang,F. and Yan,H. DNA-Nanoscaffold-assisted selection of femtomolar bivalent human alpha-thrombin aptamers with potent anticoagulant activity Chembiochem (2019) 20, 2494-2503. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Zhu,C., Zhu,W., Xu,L. and Zhou,X. A label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on magnetic biocomposites with Pb(2+)-dependent DNAzyme for the detection of thrombin Anal Chim Acta (2019) 1047, 21-27. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A

2018

Abdel Aziz,M.H. and Desai,U.R. Novel heparin mimetics reveal cooperativity between exosite 2 and sodium-binding site of thrombin Thromb Res (2018) 165, 61-67. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Afosah,D.K., Verespy S 3rd, Al-Horani,R.A., Boothello,R.S., Karuturi,R. and Desai,U.R. A small group of sulfated benzofurans induces steady-state submaximal inhibition of thrombin Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2018) 28, 1101-1105. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Awachat,R., Wagh,A.A., Aher,M., Fernandes,M. and Kumar,V.A. Favorable 2'-substitution in the loop region of a thrombin-binding DNA aptamer Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2018) 28, 1765-1768. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Cheng,W., Pan,J., Yang,J., Zheng,Z., Lu,F., Chen,Y. and Gao,W. A photoelectrochemical aptasensor for thrombin based on the use of carbon quantum dot-sensitized TiO2 and visible-light photoelectrochemical activity Mikrochim Acta (2018) 185, 263-263. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Chinnaraj,M., Chen,Z., Pelc,L.A., Grese,Z., Bystranowska,D., Di Cera,E. and Pozzi,N. Structure of prothrombin in the closed form reveals new details on the mechanism of activation Sci Rep (2018) 8, 2945-2945. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Chinnaraj,M., Planer,W. and Pozzi,N. Structure of coagulation factor II: molecular mechanism of thrombin generation and development of next-generation anticoagulants Front Med (Lausanne) (2018) 5, 281-281. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Dolot,R., Lam,C.H., Sierant,M., Zhao,Q., Liu,F.W., Nawrot,B., Egli,M. and Yang,X. Crystal structures of thrombin in complex with chemically modified thrombin DNA aptamers reveal the origins of enhanced affinity Nucleic Acids Res (2018) 46, 4819-4830. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Duan,W., Wang,X., Wang,H. and Li,F. Fluorescent and colorimetric dual-mode aptasensor for thrombin detection based on target-induced conjunction of split aptamer fragments Talanta (2018) 180, 76-80. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kanade,G.D., Pingale,K.D. and Karpe,Y.A. Activities of thrombin and factor Xa are essential for replication of hepatitis E virus and are possibly implicated in the ORF1 polyprotein processing J Virol (2018) 92, e01853-17-e01853-17. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Khonsari,Y.N. and Sun,S. Electrochemiluminescent aptasensor for thrombin using nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots Mikrochim Acta (2018) 185, 430-430. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kintigh,J., Monagle,P. and Ignjatovic,V. A review of commercially available thrombin generation assays Res Pract Thromb Haemost (2018) 2, 42-48. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC A
Li,J., Jiao,Y., Liu,Q. and Chen,Z. The aptamer-thrombin-aptamer sandwich complex-bridged gold nanoparticle oligomers for high-precision profiling of thrombin by dark field microscopy Anal Chim Acta (2018) 1028, 66-76. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Li,J., Zhou,W., Yuan,R. and Xiang,Y. Aptamer proximity recognition-dependent strand translocation for enzyme-free and amplified fluorescent detection of thrombin via catalytic hairpin assembly Anal Chim Acta (2018) 1038, 126-131. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Liu,Y., Jiang,X., Cao,W., Sun,J. and Gao,F. Detection of thrombin based on fluorescence energy transfer between semiconducting polymer dots and BHQ-labelled aptamers Sensors (Basel) (2018) 18 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Peacock,R.B., Davis,J.R., Markwick,P.R.L. and Komives,E.A. Dynamic consequences of mutation of tryptophan 215 in thrombin Biochemistry (2018) 57, 2694-2703. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Perez-Escalante,E., Gonzalez-Olivares,L.G., Cruz-Guerrero,A.E., Galan-Vidal,C.A., Paez-Hernandez,M.E. and Alvarez-Romero,G.A. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC) as an alternative to study thrombin inhibition J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci (2018) 1074-1075, 34-38. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Sivaraja,M., Pozzi,N., Rienzo,M., Lin,K., Shiau,T.P., Clemens,D.M., Igoudin,L., Zalicki,P., Chang,S.S., Estiarte,M.A., Short,K.M., Williams,D.C., Datta,A., Di Cera,E. and Kita,D.B. Reversible covalent direct thrombin inhibitors PLoS ONE (2018) 13, e0201377-e0201377. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Song,H.P., Jang,J.Y., Bae,S.H., Choi,S.B., Yu,B.J. and Kim,M.I. Convenient colorimetric detection of thrombin via aptamer-mediated inhibition and restoration of the oxidase activity of nanoceria J Nanosci Nanotechnol (2018) 18, 6570-6574. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Troisi,R., Napolitano,V., Spiridonova,V., Russo Krauss,I. and Sica,F. Several structural motifs cooperate in determining the highly effective anti-thrombin activity of NU172 aptamer Nucleic Acids Res (2018) 46, 12177-12185. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Urbanova,V., Jayaramulu,K., Schneemann,A., Kment,S., Fischer,R.A. and Zboril,R. Hierarchical porous fluorinated graphene oxide@metal-organic gel composite: label-free electrochemical aptasensor for selective detection of thrombin ACS Appl Mater Interfaces (2018) 10, 41089-41097. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Wang,H., Li,S., Wang,J., Chen,S., Sun,X.L. and Wu,Q. N-glycosylation in the protease domain of trypsin-like serine proteases mediates calnexin-assisted protein folding elife (2018) 7 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wang,Y.H., Xia,H., Huang,K.J., Wu,X., Ma,Y.Y., Deng,R., Lu,Y.F. and Han,Z.W. Ultrasensitive determination of thrombin by using an electrode modified with WSe2 and gold nanoparticles, aptamer-thrombin-aptamer sandwiching, redox cycling, and signal enhancement by alkaline phosphatase Mikrochim Acta (2018) 185, 502-502. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Wen,D., He,M., Ma,K., Cui,Y., Kong,J., Yang,H. and Liu,Q. Highly sensitive fluorometric determination of thrombin by on-chip signal amplification initiated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase Mikrochim Acta (2018) 185, 380-380. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Xiong,Y., Liang,M., Cheng,Y., Zou,J. and Li,Y. An "off-on" phosphorescent aptasensor for the detection of thrombin based on PRET Analyst (2018) 144, 161-171. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI L
Xu,Q., Wang,G., Zhang,M., Xu,G., Lin,J. and Luo,X. Aptamer based label free thrombin assay based on the use of silver nanoparticles incorporated into self-polymerized dopamine Mikrochim Acta (2018) 185, 253-253. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zhang,Y., Xia,J., Zhang,F., Wang,Z. and Liu,Q. A dual-channel homogeneous aptasensor combining colorimetric with electrochemical strategy for thrombin Biosens Bioelectron (2018) 120, 15-21. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zhao,J., Zhu,L., Zhou,W., Yin,L., Wang,Y., Fan,Y., Chen,Y. and Liu,H. In silico prediction of inhibitory constant of thrombin inhibitors using machine learning Comb Chem High Throughput Screen (2018) 21, 662-669. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P

2017

Andrianova,M.S., Grudtsov,V.P., Komarova,N.V., Kuznetsov,E.V. and Kuznetsov,A.E. ISFET-based Aptasensor for thrombin detection using horseradish peroxidase Procedia Eng (2017) 174, 1084-1092. DOI A
Chen,D., Shi,J., Liu,J., Zhang,X., Deng,X., Yang,Y., Cui,S., Zhu,Q., Gong,G. and Xu,Y. Design, synthesis and antithrombotic evaluation of novel non-peptide thrombin inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem (2017) 25, 458-470. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Chen,S., Liu,P., Su,K., Li,X., Qin,Z., Xu,W., Chen,J., Li,C. and Qiu,J. Electrochemical aptasensor for thrombin using co-catalysis of hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme and octahedral Cu2O-Au nanocomposites for signal amplification Biosens Bioelectron (2017) 99, 338-345. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Deng,Y., Yue,X., Hu,H. and Zhou,X. A new analytical experimental setup combining quartz crystal microbalance with surface enhancement Raman spectroscopy and its application in determination of thrombin Microchem J (2017) 132, 385-390. DOI A
Du,C., Hu,Y., Zhang,Q., Guo,Z., Ge,G., Wang,S., Zhai,C. and Zhu,M. Competition-derived FRET-switching cationic conjugated polymer-Ir(III) complex probe for thrombin detection Biosens Bioelectron (2017) 100, 132-138. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Dunster,J.L. and King,J.R. Mathematical modelling of thrombin generation: asymptotic analysis and pathway characterization IMA J Appl Math (2017) 82, 60-96. DOI A
Esposito,V., Russo,A., Amato,T., Vellecco,V., Bucci,M., Mayol,L., Russo,G., Virgilio,A. and Galeone,A. The "Janus face" of the thrombin binding aptamer: investigating the anticoagulant and antiproliferative properties through straightforward chemical modifications Bioorg Chem (2017) 76, 202-209. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Gdalya,H., Nachliel,E., Gutman,M., Einav,Y. and Tsfadia,Y. The translocation of Na+ ion inside human thrombin accounts for the activation of the enzyme Isr J Chem (2017) 57, 413-423. DOI
Handley,L.D., Fuglestad,B., Stearns,K., Tonelli,M., Fenwick,R.B., Markwick,P.R. and Komives,E.A. NMR reveals a dynamic allosteric pathway in thrombin Sci Rep (2017) 7, 39575-39575. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S I
Hou,Y., Liu,J., Hong,M., Li,X., Ma,Y., Yue,Q. and Li,C.Z. A reusable aptasensor of thrombin based on DNA machine employing resonance light scattering technique Biosens Bioelectron (2017) 92, 259-265. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Hughes,Q.W., Le,B.T., Gilmore,G., Baker,R.I. and Veedu,R.N. Construction of a bivalent thrombin binding aptamer and its antidote with improved properties Molecules (2017) 22 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Iyer,J.K., Koh,C.Y., Kazimirova,M., Roller,L., Jobichen,C., Swaminathan,K., Mizuguchi,J., Iwanaga,S., Nuttall,P.A., Chan,M.Y. and Kini,R.M. Avathrin: a novel thrombin inhibitor derived from a multicopy precursor in the salivary glands of the ixodid tick, Amblyomma variegatum FASEB J (2017) 31, 2981-2995. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Lee,W., Lee,S., Choi,J., Park,J.H., Kim,K.M., Jee,J.G. and Bae,J.S. Antithrombotic properties of JJ1, a potent and novel thrombin inhibitor Sci Rep (2017) 7, 14862-14862. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Lin,K.C., Jagannath,B., Muthukumar,S. and Prasad,S. Sub-picomolar label-free detection of thrombin using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of aptamer-functionalized MoS2 Analyst (2017) 142, 2770-2780. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Lin,Y., Li,J., Wang,Y., Sun,Y., Ding,C., Sun,W. and Luo,C. A chemiluminescence biosensor for the detection of thrombin based on the aptamer composites Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc (2017) 192, 153-158. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Liu,M., Li,J. and Li,B. A colorimetric aptamer biosensor based on cationic polythiophene derivative as peroxidase mimetics for the ultrasensitive detection of thrombin Talanta (2017) 175, 224-228. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Megia-Fernandez,A., Mills,B., Michels,C., Chankeshwara,S.V., Dhaliwal,K. and Bradley,M. Highly selective and rapidly activatable fluorogenic thrombin sensors and application in human lung tissue Org Biomol Chem (2017) 15, 4344-4350. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI L
Niu,Y., Chu,M., Xu,P., Meng,S., Zhou,Q., Zhao,W., Zhao,B. and Shen,J. An aptasensor based on heparin-mimicking hyperbranched polyester with anti-biofouling interface for sensitive thrombin detection Biosens Bioelectron (2017) 101, 174-180. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Pica,A., Russo Krauss,I., Parente,V., Tateishi-Karimata,H., Nagatoishi,S., Tsumoto,K., Sugimoto,N. and Sica,F. Through-bond effects in the ternary complexes of thrombin sandwiched by two DNA aptamers Nucleic Acids Res (2017) 45, 461-469. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Riccardi,C., Russo Krauss,I., Musumeci,D., Morvan,F., Meyer,A., Vasseur,J.J., Paduano,L. and Montesarchio,D. Fluorescent thrombin binding aptamer-tagged nanoparticles for an efficient and reversible control of thrombin activity ACS Appl Mater Interfaces (2017) 9, 35574-35587. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Roloff,A., Carlini,A.S., Callmann,C.E. and Gianneschi,N.C. Micellar thrombin-binding aptamers: reversible nanoscale anticoagulants J Am Chem Soc (2017) 139, 16442-16445. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Shen,G., Zhang,H., Yang,C., Yang,Q. and Tang,Y. Thrombin ultrasensitive detection based on chiral supramolecular assembly signal-amplified strategy induced by thrombin-binding aptamer Anal Chem (2017) 89, 548-551. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Sun,Y., Wang,Y., Li,J., Ding,C., Lin,Y., Sun,W. and Luo,C. An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite Talanta (2017) 174, 809-818. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Thompson,R.E., Liu,X., Ripoll-Rozada,J., Alonso-Garcia,N., Parker,B.L., Pereira,P.J.B. and Payne,R.J. Tyrosine sulfation modulates activity of tick-derived thrombin inhibitors Nat Chem (2017) 9, 909-917. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Wang,W., Xu,D.-D., Pang,D.-W. and Tang,H.-W. Fluorescent sensing of thrombin using a magnetic nano-platform with aptamer-target-aptamer sandwich and fluorescent silica nanoprobe J Lumin (2017) 187, 9-13. DOI A
Wang,X., Sun,D., Tong,Y., Zhong,Y. and Chen,Z. A voltammetric aptamer-based thrombin biosensor exploiting signal amplification via synergetic catalysis by DNAzyme and enzyme decorated AuPd nanoparticles on a poly(o-phenylenediamine) support Mikrochim Acta (2017) 184, 1791-1799. DOI A
Wen,C.Y., Bi,J.H., Wu,L.L. and Zeng,J.B. Aptamer-functionalized magnetic and fluorescent nanospheres for one-step sensitive detection of thrombin Mikrochim Acta (2017) 185, 77-77. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Wu,Y., Zou,L., Lei,S., Yu,Q. and Ye,B. Highly sensitive electrochemical thrombin aptasensor based on peptide-enhanced electrocatalysis of hemin/G-quadruplex and nanocomposite as nanocarrier Biosens Bioelectron (2017) 97, 317-324. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Xu,Y., Tan,S., Liang,Q. and Ding,M. One-step facile synthesis of aptamer-modified graphene oxide for highly specific enrichment of human alpha-thrombin in plasma Sensors (Basel) (2017) 17 PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yang,X., Lv,J., Yang,Z., Yuan,R. and Chai,Y. A sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for thrombin detection based on electroactive Co-based metal-organic frameworks with target-triggering NESA strategy Anal Chem (2017) 89, 11636-11640. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Yang,Y., Yang,Z., Lv,J., Yuan,R. and Chai,Y. Thrombin aptasensor enabled by Pt nanoparticles-functionalized Co-based metal organic frameworks assisted electrochemical signal amplification Talanta (2017) 169, 44-49. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zhang,Q., Zhang,D., Xu,G., Xu,Y., Lu,Y., Li,S. and Liu,Q. Spectroscopic detection of thrombin with peptides self-assembled on gold nanoparticles hybridized graphene oxide Sens Actuators, B Chem (2017) 242, 443-449. DOI A
Zhao,B., Zhang,Y., Huang,Y., Yu,J., Li,Y., Wang,Q., Ma,Y., Song,H.Y., Yu,M. and Mo,W. A novel hirudin derivative inhibiting thrombin without bleeding for subcutaneous injection Thromb Haemost (2017) 117, 44-56. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2016

Adams,T.E. and Huntington,J.A. Structural transitions during prothrombin activation: on the importance of fragment 2 Biochimie (2016) 122, 235-242. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ahour,F. and Ahsani,M.K. An electrochemical label-free and sensitive thrombin aptasensor based on graphene oxide modified pencil graphite electrode Biosens Bioelectron (2016) 86, 764-769. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Arian,D., Harenberg,J. and Kramer,R. A chromogenic and fluorogenic peptide substrate for the highly sensitive detection of proteases in biological matrices J Med Chem (2016) 59, 7576-7583. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Bradford,H.N. and Krishnaswamy,S. The fragment 1 region of prothrombin facilitates the favored binding of fragment 12 to zymogen and enforces zymogen-like character in the proteinase J Biol Chem (2016) 291, 11114-11123. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bushi,D., Gera,O., Kostenich,G., Shavit-Stein,E., Weiss,R., Chapman,J. and Tanne,D. A novel histochemical method for the visualization of thrombin activity in the nervous system Neuroscience (2016) 320, 93-104. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI L
Chen,H.-F., Dong,M.-H., Ren,Y.-J. and Wang,F. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of dabigatran analogs as potential thrombin inhibitors J Iran Chem Soc (2016) 13, 347-357. DOI I
Chen,L., Bao,Y., Denstedt,J. and Zhang,J. Nanostructured bioluminescent sensor for rapidly detecting thrombin Biosens Bioelectron (2016) 77, 83-89. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Chen,Z., Tan,L., Hu,L., Zhang,Y., Wang,S. and Lv,F. Real colorimetric thrombin aptasensor by masking surfaces of catalytically active gold nanoparticles ACS Appl Mater Interfaces (2016) 8, 102-108. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Choi,K.M., Jeong,J.M., Bae,J.S., Cho,D.H., Jung,S.H., Hwang,J.Y., Baeck,G.W. and Park,C.I. Coagulation factor II from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus): first report on the molecular biological function and expression analysis in the teleost Fish Shellfish Immunol (2016) 48, 145-153. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Deng,N., Jiang,B., Chen,Y., Liang,Z., Zhang,L., Liang,Y., Yang,K. and Zhang,Y. Aptamer-conjugated gold functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposites for human alpha-thrombin specific recognition J Chromatogr A (2016) 1427, 16-21. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Dong,M.H., Chen,H.F., Ren,Y.J. and Shao,F.M. Molecular modeling studies, synthesis and biological evaluation of dabigatran analogues as thrombin inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem (2016) 24, 73-84. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Fan,D., Guo,C., Ma,H., Zhao,D., Li,Y., Wu,D. and Wei,Q. Facile fabrication of an aptasensor for thrombin based on graphitic carbon nitride/TiO2 with high visible-light photoelectrochemical activity Biosens Bioelectron (2016) 75, 116-122. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Feng,J., Zhuo,C., Ma,X., Li,S. and Zhang,Y. A peptide with a cysteine terminus: probe for label-free fluorescent detection of thrombin activity Analyst (2016) 141, 4481-4487. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Gulpen,A.J., Ten Cate-Hoek,A.J. and ten Cate,H. Upstream versus downstream thrombin inhibition Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther (2016) 14, 1273-1282. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Guo,L., Hao,L. and Zhao,Q. An aptamer assay using rolling circle amplification coupled with thrombin catalysis for protein detection Anal Bioanal Chem (2016) 408, 4715-4722. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Gurwitz,D. The Alzheimer's disease peptide beta-amyloid promotes thrombin generation through activation of coagulation factor XII: comment J Thromb Haemost (2016) 14, 1488-1489. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Hao,L. and Zhao,Q. Microplate based assay for thrombin detection using an RNA aptamer as affinity ligand and cleavage of a chromogenic or a fluorogenic peptide substrate Mikrochim Acta (2016) 183, 1891-1898. DOI A
Jin,X., Liu,X., Zhu,X., Li,H., Li,W., Huang,Y. and Yao,S. A label-free fluorescence assay for thrombin activity analysis based on fluorescent protein and gold nanoparticles Anal Methods (2016) 8, 3691-3697. DOI A
Jung,Y.K., Kim,K.N., Baik,J.M. and Kim,B.-S. Self-powered triboelectric aptasensor for label-free highly specific thrombin detection Nano Energy (2016) 30, 77-83. DOI A
Klei,L.R., Hu,D., Panek,R., Alfano,D.N., Bridwell,R.E., Bailey,K.M., Oravecz-Wilson,K.I., Concel,V.J., Hess,E.M., Van Beek,M., Delekta,P.C., Gu,S., Watkins,S.C., Ting,A.T., Gough,P.J., Foley,K.P., Bertin,J., McAllister-Lucas,L.M. and Lucas,P.C. MALT1 protease activation triggers acute disruption of endothelial barrier integrity via CYLD cleavage Cell Rep (2016) 17, 221-232. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kuang,L., Cao,S.P., Zhang,L., Li,Q.H., Liu,Z.C., Liang,R.P. and Qiu,J.D. A novel nanosensor composed of aptamer bio-dots and gold nanoparticles for determination of thrombin with multiple signals Biosens Bioelectron (2016) 85, 798-806. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kurisaki,I., Takayanagi,M. and Nagaoka,M. Bound Na(+) is a negative effecter for thrombin-substrate stereospecific complex formation J Phys Chem B (2016) 120, 4540-4547. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Mehta,A.Y., Mohammed,B.M., Martin,E.J., Brophy,D.F., Gailani,D. and Desai,U.R. Allosterism-based simultaneous, dual anticoagulant and antiplatelet action: allosteric inhibitor targeting the glycoprotein Ibalpha-binding and heparin-binding site of thrombin J Thromb Haemost (2016) 14, 828-838. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Muller,J., Becher,T., Mayer,G. and Potzsch,B. Aptamer-based enzyme capture assay for measurement of plasma thrombin levels Methods Mol Biol (2016) 1380, 179-189. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Palekar,R.U., Jallouk,A.P., Myerson,J.W., Pan,H. and Wickline,S.A. Inhibition of thrombin With PPACK-nanoparticles restores disrupted endothelial barriers and attenuates thrombotic risk in experimental atherosclerosis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol (2016) 36, 446-455. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Petrey,A.C. and de la Motte,C.A. Thrombin cleavage of inter-alpha-inhibitor heavy chain 1 regulates leukocyte binding to an inflammatory hyaluronan matrix J Biol Chem (2016) 291, 24324-24334. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pozzi,N., Chen,Z. and Di Cera,E. How the linker connecting the two kringles influences activation and conformational plasticity of prothrombin J Biol Chem (2016) 291, 6071-6082. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pozzi,N., Zerbetto,M., Acquasaliente,L., Tescari,S., Frezzato,D., Polimeno,A., Gohara,D.W., Di Cera,E. and De Filippis,V. Loop electrostatics asymmetry modulates the preexisting conformational equilibrium in thrombin Biochemistry (2016) 55, 3984-3994. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pozzi,N., Bystranowska,D., Zuo,X. and Di Cera,E. Structural architecture of prothrombin in solution revealed by single molecule spectroscopy J Biol Chem (2016) 291, 18107-18116. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Pozzi,N. and Di Cera,E. Dual effect of histone H4 on prothrombin activation J Thromb Haemost (2016) 14, 1814-1818. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ren,W., Ren,Y., Dong,M. and Gao,Y. Design, synthesis, and thrombin inhibitory activity evaluation of some novel benzimidazole derivatives Helv Chim Acta (2016) 99, 325-332. DOI I
Robertson,A.L., Headey,S.J., Ng,N.M., Wijeyewickrema,L.C., Scanlon,M.J., Pike,R.N. and Bottomley,S.P. Protein unfolding is essential for cleavage within the alpha-helix of a model protein substrate by the serine protease, thrombin Biochimie (2016) 122, 227-234. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ruhmann,E.H., Rupp,M., Betz,M., Heine,A. and Klebe,G. Boosting affinity by correct ligand preorganization for the S2 pocket of thrombin: a study by isothermal titration calorimetry, molecular dynamics, and high-resolution crystal structures ChemMedChem (2016) 11, 309-319. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Sui,N., Wang,L., Xie,F., Liu,F., Xiao,H., Liu,M. and Yu,W.W. Ultrasensitive aptamer-based thrombin assay based on metal enhanced fluorescence resonance energy transfer Mikrochim Acta (2016) 183, 1563-1570. DOI A I
Takayama,K., Taguchi,A., Yakushiji,F. and Hayashi,Y. Identification of a degrading enzyme in human serum that hydrolyzes a C-terminal core sequence of neuromedin U Biopolymers (2016) 106, 440-445. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Trapaidze,A., Herault,J.P., Herbert,J.M., Bancaud,A. and Gue,A.M. Investigation of the selectivity of thrombin-binding aptamers for thrombin titration in murine plasma Biosens Bioelectron (2016) 78, 58-66. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
van der Plas,M.J., Bhongir,R.K., Kjellstrom,S., Siller,H., Kasetty,G., Morgelin,M. and Schmidtchen,A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase cleaves a C-terminal peptide from human thrombin that inhibits host inflammatory responses Nat Commun (2016) 7, 11567-11567. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Verespy Iii,S., Mehta,A.Y., Afosah,D., Al-Horani,R.A. and Desai,U.R. Allosteric partial inhibition of monomeric proteases. sulfated coumarins induce regulation, not just inhibition, of thrombin Sci Rep (2016) 6, 24043-24043. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Wang,C., Lim,C.Y., Choi,E., Park,Y. and Park,J. Highly sensitive user friendly thrombin detection using emission light guidance from quantum dots-aptamer beacons in 3-dimensional photonic crystal Sens Actuators, B Chem (2016) 223, 372-378. DOI A
Wang,F. and Ren,Y.-J. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of novel substituted 1-ethyl-1H-benzimidazole fluorinated derivatives as thrombin inhibitors J Iran Chem Soc (2016) 13, 1155-1166. DOI I
Wang,J., Jiang,X. and Han,H. Turn-on near-infrared electrochemiluminescence sensing of thrombin based on resonance energy transfer between CdTe/CdS core/shell quantum dots and gold nanorods Biosens Bioelectron (2016) 82, 26-31. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Wang,X., Lu,Z., Tan,L. and Jie,G. Highly intense fluorescence of novel carbon nanocrystals combined with a DNAzyme-assisted autocatalytic multiple amplification strategy for sensitive detection of thrombin Analyst (2016) 141, 2865-2869. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Xu,T., Lew-Tabor,A. and Rodriguez-Valle,M. Effective inhibition of thrombin by Rhipicephalus microplus serpin-15 (RmS-15) obtained in the yeast Pichia pastoris Ticks Tick Borne Dis (2016) 7, 180-187. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yeh,C.H., Stafford,A.R., Leslie,B.A., Fredenburgh,J.C. and Weitz,J.I. Dabigatran and argatroban diametrically modulate thrombin exosite function PLoS ONE (2016) 11, e0157471-e0157471. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Zamolodchikov,D. and Strickland,S. The Alzheimer's disease peptide beta-amyloid promotes thrombin generation through activation of coagulation factor XII: reply J Thromb Haemost (2016) 14, 1489- PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2015

Alexander,E.T., Minton,A.R., Hayes,C.S., Goss,A., van Ryn,J. and Gilmour,S.K. Thrombin inhibition and cyclophosphamide synergistically block tumor progression and metastasis Cancer Biol Ther (2015) 16, 1802-1811. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Aoyama,H., Ijuin,R., Kato,J.Y., Urushiyama,S., Tetsuhashi,M., Hashimoto,Y. and Yokomatsu,T. Discovery of non-competitive thrombin inhibitor derived from competitive tryptase inhibitor skeleton: shift in molecular recognition resulted from skeletal conversion of carboxylate into phosphonate Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2015) 25, 3676-3680. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Ben Shimon,M., Lenz,M., Ikenberg,B., Becker,D., Shavit Stein,E., Chapman,J., Tanne,D., Pick,C.G., Blatt,I., Neufeld,M., Vlachos,A. and Maggio,N. Thrombin regulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity: implications for health and disease Front Cell Neurosci (2015) 9, 151- PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Cao,J.-T., Zhang,J.-J., Gong,Y., Ruan,X.-J., Liu,Y.-M., Chen,Y.-H. and Ren,S.-W. A competitive photoelectrochemical aptasensor for thrombin detection based on the use of TiO2 electrode and glucose oxidase label J Electroanal Chem (2015) 759, 46-50. DOI A
Chahal,G., Thorpe,M. and Hellman,L. The importance of exosite interactions for substrate cleavage by human thrombin PLoS ONE (2015) 10, e0129511-e0129511. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Chen,D., Wang,S., Diao,X., Zhu,Q., Shen,H., Han,X., Wang,Y., Gong,G. and Xu,Y. Design, synthesis and antithrombotic evaluation of novel dabigatran etexilate analogs, a new series of non-peptides thrombin inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem (2015) 23, 7405-7416. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Chen,H. and Ren,Y. Design, synthesis, and anti-thrombotic evaluation of some novel fluorinated thrombin inhibitor derivatives Arch Pharm (Weinheim) (2015) 348, 408-420. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Chobanian,H.R., Pio,B., Guo,Y., Shen,H., Huffman,M.A., Madeira,M., Salituro,G., Terebetski,J.L., Ormes,J., Jochnowitz,N., Hoos,L., Zhou,Y., Lewis,D., Hawes,B., Mitnaul,L., O'Neill,K., Ellsworth,K., Wang,L., Biftu,T. and Duffy,J.L. Improved stability of proline-derived direct thrombin inhibitors through hydroxyl to heterocycle replacement ACS Med Chem Lett (2015) 6, 553-557. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Fuchs,J.E., Huber,R.G., Waldner,B.J., Kahler,U., von Grafenstein,S., Kramer,C. and Liedl,K.R. Dynamics govern specificity of a protein-protein interface: substrate recognition by thrombin PLoS ONE (2015) 10, e0140713-e0140713. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Goda,T., Higashi,D., Matsumoto,A., Hoshi,T., Sawaguchi,T. and Miyahara,Y. Dual aptamer-immobilized surfaces for improved affinity through multiple target binding in potentiometric thrombin biosensing Biosens Bioelectron (2015) 73, 174-180. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Guria,K. and Guria,G.T. Spatial aspects of blood coagulation: two decades of research on the self-sustained traveling wave of thrombin Thromb Res (2015) 135, 423-433. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Handley,L.D., Treuheit,N.A., Venkatesh,V.J. and Komives,E.A. Thrombomodulin binding selects the catalytically active form of thrombin Biochemistry (2015) 54, 6650-6658. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Hao,L. and Zhao,Q. A fluorescein labeled aptamer switch for thrombin with fluorescence decrease response Anal Methods (2015) 7, 3888-3892. DOI A I
He,L.W., Dai,W.C. and Li,N.G. Development of Orally Active Thrombin Inhibitors for the Treatment of Thrombotic Disorder Diseases Molecules (2015) 20, 11046-11062. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Jenny,L., Dobo,J., Gal,P. and Schroeder,V. MASP-1 induced clotting - the first model of prothrombin activation by MASP-1 PLoS ONE (2015) 10, e0144633-e0144633. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Jeong,B., Akter,R., Choi,J.S. and Rahman,M.A. Highly sensitive voltammetric thrombin aptamer sensor based on the synergistic effect of doping/depositing gold nanoparticles in polydopamine film Electroanalysis (2015) 27, 2588-2595. DOI A
Jin,G., Wang,C., Yang,L., Li,X., Guo,L., Qiu,B., Lin,Z. and Chen,G. Hyperbranched rolling circle amplification based electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of thrombin Biosens Bioelectron (2015) 63C, 166-171. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kretz,C.A., Stafford,A.R., Fredenburgh,J.C. and Weitz,J.I. HD1, a thrombin-directed aptamer, binds exosite 1 on prothrombin with high affinity and inhibits its activation by prothrombinase J Biol Chem (2015) 290, 4813-4813. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Kurisaki,I., Barberot,C., Takayanagi,M. and Nagaoka,M. Dewetting of S1-pocket via water channel upon thrombin-substrate association reaction J Phys Chem B (2015) 119, 15807-15812. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kurisaki,I., Takayanagi,M. and Nagaoka,M. Toward understanding allosteric activation of thrombin: a conjecture for important roles of unbound Na(+) molecules around thrombin J Phys Chem B (2015) 119, 3635-3642. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Li,C.-L., Dong,M.-H., Ren,Y.-J. and Li,L.-H. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of novel dabigatran derivatives as potential thrombin inhibitors RSC Adv (2015) 5, 23737-23748. DOI I
Li,C.L. and Ren,Y.J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel dabigatran derivatives as thrombin inhibitors Res Chem Intermed (2015) 42, 735-752. DOI I
Li,M. and Ren,Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of some new 2,5-substituted 1-ethyl-1H-benzoimidazole fluorinated derivatives as direct thrombin inhibitors Arch Pharm (Weinheim) (2015) 348, 353-365. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Li,M.L., Ren,Y.J., Dong,M.H. and Ren,W.X. Design, synthesis and structural exploration of novel fluorinated dabigatran derivatives as direct thrombin inhibitors Eur J Med Chem (2015) 96, 122-138. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Li,X., Wang,L. and Li,C. Rolling-circle amplification detection of thrombin using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with core-shell nanoparticle probe Chemistry (2015) 21, 6817-6822. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Liang,Y., Fu,Y., Qi,R., Wang,M., Yang,N., He,L., Yu,F., Zhang,J., Yun,C.H., Wang,X., Liu,J. and Kong,W. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein is a natural inhibitor of thrombin Blood (2015) 126, 905-914. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lin,L., Liu,S., Nie,Z., Chen,Y., Lei,C., Wang,Z., Yin,C., Hu,H., Huang,Y. and Yao,S. Automatic and Integrated Micro-Enzyme Assay (AImuEA) platform for highly sensitive thrombin analysis via an engineered fluorescence protein-functionalized monolithic capillary column Anal Chem (2015) 87, 4552-4559. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Liu,X., Hua,X., Fan,Q., Chao,J., Su,S., Huang,Y.Q., Wang,L. and Huang,W. Thioflavin T as an efficient G-quadruplex inducer for the highly sensitive detection of thrombin using a new foster resonance energy transfer system ACS Appl Mater Interfaces (2015) 7, 16458-16465. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Liu,X., Yang,Y., Hua,X., Feng,X., Su,S., Huang,Y., Fan,Q., Wang,L. and Huang,W. An improved turn-on aptasensor for thrombin detection using split aptamer fragments and graphene oxide Chin J Chem (2015) 33, 981-986. DOI A I
Lovgren,A., Deinum,J., Rosen,S., Bryngelhed,P., Rosen,P. and Hansson,K.M. Characterization of thrombin derived from human recombinant prothrombin Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis (2015) 26, 545-555. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Lu,L., Li,J., Kang,T. and Cheng,S. Bi-functionalized aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of thrombin Talanta (2015) 138, 273-278. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Lv,J.J., Yang,Z.H., Zhuo,Y., Yuan,R. and Chai,Y.Q. A novel aptasensor for thrombin detection based on alkaline phosphatase decorated ZnO/Pt nanoflowers as signal amplifiers Analyst (2015) 140, 8088-8091. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Ma,M. and Zheng,X. Preparation of brightly fluorescent silica nanoparticles modified with lucigenin and chitosan, and their application to an aptamer-based sandwich assay for thrombin Mikrochim Acta (2015) 182, 2193-2199. DOI A
Mena-Ulecia,K., Tiznado,W. and Caballero,J. Study of the differential activity of thrombin inhibitors using docking, QSAR, molecular dynamics, and MM-GBSA PLoS ONE (2015) 10, e0142774-e0142774. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Meta,A., Hirashima,M., Imamura,T., Kawamura,R., Yano,K., Uehara,K. and Nakashima,T. High-yield preparation of recombinant human alpha-thrombin for therapeutic use J Biosci Bioeng (2015) 120, 432-437. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E U
Na,W., Liu,X., Wang,L. and Su,X. Label-free aptamer biosensor for selective detection of thrombin Anal Chim Acta (2015) 899, 85-90. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Poturnayova,A., Snejdarkova,M., Castillo,G., Rybar,P., Leitner,M., Ebner,A. and Hianik,T. Aptamer-based detection of thrombin by acoustic method using DNA tetrahedrons as immobilisation platform Chem Pap (2015) 69, 211-226. DOI A
Qin,C., Wen,W., Zhang,X., Gu,H. and Wang,S. Visual detection of thrombin using a strip biosensor through aptamer-cleavage reaction with enzyme catalytic amplification Analyst (2015) 140, 7710-7717. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Shangguan,L., Zhu,W., Xue,Y. and Liu,S. Construction of photoelectrochemical thrombin aptasensor via assembling multilayer of graphene-CdS nanocomposites Biosens Bioelectron (2015) 64C, 611-617. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Shen,X., Zhang,M., Niu,S. and Shi,C. Detection of thrombin based on aptamer isothermal exponential signal amplification technique Analyst (2015) 140, 6489-6492. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Song,H.Y., Wong,T.I., Guo,S., Deng,J., Tan,C., Gorelik,S. and Zhou,X. Nanoimprinted thrombin aptasensor with picomolar sensitivity based on plasmon excited quantum dots Sens Actuators, B Chem (2015) 221, 207-216. DOI A
Song,W., Xie,X., Sun,W., Zhang,N. and Li,C. Ultrasensitive electrochemical detection for thrombin using hybridization chain reaction with enzyme-amplification Anal Chim Acta (2015) 860, 77-82. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A L
Spiridonova,V.A., Barinova,K.V., Glinkina,K.A., Melnichuk,A.V., Gainutdynov,A.A., Safenkova,I.V. and Dzantiev,B.B. A family of DNA aptamers with varied duplex region length that forms complexes with thrombin and prothrombin FEBS Lett (2015) 589, 2043-2049. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Sun,A.-L., Jia,F.-C., Zhang,Y.-F. and Wang,X.-N. Gold nanocluster-encapsulated glucoamylase as a biolabel for sensitive detection of thrombin with glucometer readout Mikrochim Acta (2015) 182, 1169-1175. DOI I
Virgilio,A., Petraccone,L., Vellecco,V., Bucci,M., Varra,M., Irace,C., Santamaria,R., Pepe,A., Mayol,L., Esposito,V. and Galeone,A. Site-specific replacement of the thymine methyl group by fluorine in thrombin binding aptamer significantly improves structural stability and anticoagulant activity Nucleic Acids Res (2015) 43, 10602-10611. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Wang,K., Liao,J., Yang,X., Zhao,M., Chen,M., Yao,W., Tan,W. and Lan,X. A label-free aptasensor for highly sensitive detection of ATP and thrombin based on metal-enhanced PicoGreen fluorescence Biosens Bioelectron (2015) 63C, 172-177. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Wang,Q., Zhou,Z., Zhai,Y., Zhang,L., Hong,W., Zhang,Z. and Dong,S. Label-free aptamer biosensor for thrombin detection based on functionalized graphene nanocomposites Talanta (2015) 141, 247-252. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Wang,S., Bi,S., Wang,Z., Xia,J., Zhang,F., Yang,M., Gui,R., Li,Y. and Xia,Y. A plasmonic aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of thrombin via arrested rolling circle amplification Chem Commun (Camb) (2015) 51, 7927-7930. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Wood,D.C., Pelc,L.A., Pozzi,N., Wallisch,M., Verbout,N.G., Tucker,E.I., Gruber,A. and Di Cera,E. WEDGE: An anticoagulant thrombin mutant produced by autoactivation J Thromb Haemost (2015) 13, 111-114. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Xu,B.H., Chen,K.J., Yao,Y.B., Liu,Q.L., Xiao,T.Y., Su,J.M. and Peng,H.Z. Cloning, characterization and expression analysis of coagulation factor II gene in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) Genet Mol Res (2015) 14, 13764-13778. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Xu,N., Wang,Q., Lei,J., Liu,L. and Ju,H. Label-free triple-helix aptamer as sensing platform for "signal-on" fluorescent detection of thrombin Talanta (2015) 132, 387-391. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Yang,Z.H., Zhuo,Y., Yuan,R. and Chai,Y.Q. Amplified thrombin aptasensor based on alkaline phosphatase and hemin/g-quadruplex-catalyzed oxidation of 1-naphthol ACS Appl Mater Interfaces (2015) 7, 10308-10315. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Yin,J., Zhang,A., Dong,C. and Ren,J. An aptamer-based single particle method for sensitive detection of thrombin using fluorescent quantum dots as labeling probes Talanta (2015) 144, 13-19. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Yu,J., Yang,L., Liang,X., Dong,T. and Liu,H. Bare magnetic nanoparticles as fluorescence quenchers for detection of thrombin Analyst (2015) 140, 4114-4120. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zavyalova,E. and Kopylov,A. Multiple inhibitory kinetics reveal an allosteric interplay among thrombin functional sites Thromb Res (2015) 135, 212-216. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Zhao,D., Peng,Y., Xu,L., Zhou,W., Wang,Q. and Guo,L. Liquid-crystal biosensor based on nickel-nanosphere-induced homeotropic alignment for the amplified detection of thrombin ACS Appl Mater Interfaces (2015) 7, 23418-23422. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zhao,Q. and Gao,J. Sensitive and selective detection of thrombin by using a cyclic peptide as affinity ligand Biosens Bioelectron (2015) 63C, 21-25. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zheng,Y., Yuan,Y., Chai,Y. and Yuan,R. A label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on the catalysis of manganese porphyrins for detection of thrombin Biosens Bioelectron (2015) 66, 585-589. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zhuo,B., Li,Y., Huang,X., Lin,Y., Chen,Y. and Gao,W. An electrochemiluminescence aptasensing platform based on ferrocene-graphene nanosheets for simple and rapid detection of thrombin Sens Actuators, B Chem (2015) 208, 518-524. DOI A

2014

Belviso,B.D., Caliandro,R., de Candia,M., Zaetta,G., Lopopolo,G., Incampo,F., Colucci,M. and Altomare,C.D. How a beta-D-glucoside side chain enhances binding affinity to thrombin of inhibitors bearing 2-chlorothiophene as P1 moiety: crystallography, fragment deconstruction study, and evaluation of antithrombotic properties J Med Chem (2014) 57, 8563-8575. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Bijak,M., Ziewiecki,R., Saluk,J., Ponczek,M., Pawlaczyk,I., Krotkiewski,H., Wachowicz,B. and Nowak,P. Thrombin inhibitory activity of some polyphenolic compounds Med Chem Res (2014) 23, 2324-2337. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Blizzard,T.A., Singh,S., Patil,B., Chidurala,N., Komanduri,V., Debnath,S., Belyakov,S., Crespo,A., Struck,A., Kurtz,M., Wiltsie,J., Shen,X., Sonatore,L., Arocho,M., Lewis,D., Ogletree,M. and Biftu,T. Heterocyclic core analogs of a direct thrombin inhibitor Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2014) 24, 1111-1115. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Chen,Z., Tan,Y., Zhang,C., Yin,L., Ma,H., Ye,N., Qiang,H. and Lin,Y. A colorimetric aptamer biosensor based on cationic polymer and gold nanoparticles for the ultrasensitive detection of thrombin Biosens Bioelectron (2014) 56, 46-50. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Del Valle,J.R., Therrien,E. and Hanessian,S. 10. Aeruginosins as thrombin inhibitors Nat Prod in Med Chem (2014) , 333-364. DOI I
Deng,L., Du,Y., Xu,J.J. and Chen,H.Y. An off-on-off electrochemiluminescence approach for ultrasensitive detection of thrombin Biosens Bioelectron (2014) 59, 58-63. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Esmon,C.T. Targeting factor Xa and thrombin: impact on coagulation and beyond Thromb Haemost (2014) 111, 625-633. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Huang,Y., Zhang,Y., Zhao,B., Xu,Q., Zhou,X., Song,H., Yu,M. and Mo,W. Structural basis of RGD-hirudin binding to thrombin: Tyr 3 and five C-terminal residues are crucial for inhibiting thrombin activity BMC Struct Biol (2014) 14, 26-26. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Huntington,J.A. Natural inhibitors of thrombin Thromb Haemost (2014) 111, 583-589. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Jing,P., Xu,W., Yi,H., Wu,Y., Bai,L. and Yuan,R. An amplified electrochemical aptasensor for thrombin detection based on pseudobienzymic Fe3O4-Au nanocomposites and electroactive hemin/G-quadruplex as signal enhancers Analyst (2014) 139, 1756-1761. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kim,D. and Lee,T.S. The detection of thrombin using a mixture of a fluorescent conjugated polyelectrolyte and fibrinogen and implementation of a logic gate Chem Commun (Camb) (2014) 50, 5833-5836. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Kong,Y., Chen,H., Wang,Y.Q., Meng,L. and Wei,J.F. Direct thrombin inhibitors: Patents 2002-2012 (Review) Mol Med Rep (2014) 9, 1506-1514. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Le,N.C.H., Gel,M., Zhu,Y., Wang,J., Dacres,H., Anderson,A. and Trowell,S.C. Sub-nanomolar detection of thrombin activity on a microfluidic chip Biomicrofluidics (2014) 8, 064110- PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Lechtenberg,B.C., Freund,S.M. and Huntington,J.A. GpIbalpha interacts exclusively with exosite II of thrombin J Mol Biol (2014) 426, 881-893. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lv,Y., Xue,Q., Gu,X., Zhang,S. and Liu,J. A label-free fluorescence assay for thrombin based on aptamer exonuclease protection and exonuclease III-assisted recycling amplification-responsive cascade zinc(ii)-protoporphyrin IX/G-quadruplex supramolecular fluorescent labels Analyst (2014) 139, 2583-2588. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Mehta,A.Y. and Desai,U.R. Substantial non-electrostatic forces are needed to induce allosteric disruption of thrombin's active site through exosite 2 Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2014) 452, 813-816. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Mehta,A.Y., Jin,Y. and Desai,U.R. An update on recent patents on thrombin inhibitors (2010 - 2013) Expert Opin Ther Pat (2014) 24, 47-67. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V I
Mourier,P.A., Guichard,O.Y., Herman,F. and Viskov,C. Isolation of a pure octadecasaccharide with antithrombin activity from an ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin Anal Biochem (2014) 453, 7-15. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Myerson,J.W., He,L., Allen,J.S., Williams,T., Lanza,G., Tollefsen,D., Caruthers,S. and Wickline,S. Thrombin-inhibiting nanoparticles rapidly constitute versatile and detectable anticlotting surfaces Nanotechnology (2014) 25, 395101-395101. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Osadska,M., Bonkova,H., Krahulec,J., Stuchlik,S. and Turna,J. Optimization of expression of untagged and histidine-tagged human recombinant thrombin precursors in Escherichia coli Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2014) 98, 9259-9270. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Park,J.H., Cho,Y.S., Kang,S., Lee,E.J., Lee,G.H. and Hah,S.S. A colorimetric sandwich-type assay for sensitive thrombin detection based on enzyme-linked aptamer assay Anal Biochem (2014) 462, 10-12. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Pomowski,A., Ustok,F.I. and Huntington,J.A. Homology model of human prothrombinase based on the crystal structure of pseutarin C Biol Chem (2014) 395, 1233-1241. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pozzi,N., Chen,Z., Pelc,L.A., Shropshire,D.B. and Di Cera,E. The linker connecting the two kringles plays a key role in prothrombin activation Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2014) 111, 7630-7635. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pozzi,N. and Di Cera,E. Prothrombin structure: unanticipated features and opportunities Expert Rev Proteomics (2014) 11, 653-655. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Shao,Z., Morser,J. and Leung,L.L. Thrombin cleavage of osteopontin disrupts a pro-chemotactic sequence for dendritic cells, which is compensated by the release of its pro-chemotactic C-terminal fragment J Biol Chem (2014) 289, 27146-27158. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sheffield,W.P., Lambourne,M.D., Eltringham-Smith,L.J., Bhakta,V., Arnold,D.M. and Crowther,M.A. gammaT -S195A thrombin reduces the anticoagulant effects of dabigatran in vitro and in vivo J Thromb Haemost (2014) 12, 1110-1115. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI M I
Shi,Z.H., Li,N.G., Tang,Y.P. and Duan,J.A. Prolinamide derivatives as thrombin inhibitors for the treatment of thrombin-mediated diseases: a patent evaluation of US2013296245 Expert Opin Ther Pat (2014) 24, 1139-1148. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Sun,C., Han,Q., Wang,D., Xu,W., Wang,W., Zhao,W. and Zhou,M. A label-free and high sensitive aptamer biosensor based on hyperbranched polyester microspheres for thrombin detection Anal Chim Acta (2014) 850, 33-40. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Sun,L., Jin,H., Zhao,X., Liu,Z., Guan,Y., Yang,Z., Zhang,L. and Zhang,L. Unfolding and conformational variations of thrombin-binding DNA aptamers: synthesis, circular dichroism and molecular dynamics simulations ChemMedChem (2014) 9, 993-1001. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A I
Tan,X., Dey,S.K., Telmer,C., Zhang,X., Armitage,B.A. and Bruchez,M.P. Aptamers act as activators for the thrombin mediated-hydrolysis of peptide substrates Chembiochem (2014) 15, 205-208. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Tatarinova,O., Tsvetkov,V., Basmanov,D., Barinov,N., Smirnov,I., Timofeev,E., Kaluzhny,D., Chuvilin,A., Klinov,D., Varizhuk,A. and Pozmogova,G. Comparison of the 'chemical' and 'structural' approaches to the optimization of the thrombin-binding aptamer PLoS ONE (2014) 9, e89383-e89383. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Thakur,R., Kumar,A., Bose,B., Panda,D., Saikia,D., Chattopadhyay,P. and Mukherjee,A.K. A new peptide (Ruviprase) purified from the venom of Daboia russelii russelii shows potent anticoagulant activity via non-enzymatic inhibition of thrombin and factor Xa Biochimie (2014) 105, 149-158. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Virgilio,A., Petraccone,L., Scuotto,M., Vellecco,V., Bucci,M., Mayol,L., Varra,M., Esposito,V. and Galeone,A. 5-Hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine residues in the thrombin binding aptamer: investigating anticoagulant activity by making a tiny chemical modification Chembiochem (2014) 15, 2427-2434. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Wendeler,M., Pabst,T.M., Wang,J., Strouse,R.J., Wang,X. and Hunter,A.K. Process-scale purification and analytical characterization of highly gamma-carboxylated recombinant human prothrombin J Chromatogr A (2014) 1325, 171-178. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E
Xu,Z., Huang,X., Dong,C. and Ren,J. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy of gold nanoparticles, and its application to an aptamer-based homogeneous thrombin assay Mikrochim Acta (2014) 181, 723-730. DOI A I
Yu,X. and Cui,H. Electrochemiluminescence bioassay for thrombin based on dynamic assembly of aptamer, thrombin and N-(aminobutyl)-N-(ethylisoluminol) functionalized gold nanoparticles Electrochim Acta (2014) 125, 156-162. DOI A
Yuan,F., Chen,H., Xu,J., Zhang,Y., Wu,Y. and Wang,L. Aptamer-based luminescence energy transfer from near-infrared-to-near-infrared upconverting nanoparticles to gold nanorods and its application for the detection of thrombin Chemistry (2014) 20, 2888-2894. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Yue,Q., Shen,T., Wang,L., Xu,S., Li,H., Xue,Q., Zhang,Y., Gu,X., Zhang,S. and Liu,J. A convenient sandwich assay of thrombin in biological media using nanoparticle-enhanced fluorescence polarization Biosens Bioelectron (2014) 56, 231-236. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zhang,Z., Liu,S., Shi,Y., Zhang,Y., Peacock,D., Yan,F., Wang,P., He,L., Feng,X. and Fang,S. Label-free aptamer biosensor for thrombin detection on a nanocomposite of graphene and plasma polymerized allylamine J Mater Chem B (2014) 2, 1530-1538. DOI A

2013

Barranco-Medina,S., Pozzi,N., Vogt,A.D. and Di Cera,E. Histone H4 promotes prothrombin autoactivation J Biol Chem (2013) 288, 35749-35757. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
de Candia,M., Fiorella,F., Lopopolo,G., Carotti,A., Romano,M.R., Lograno,M.D., Martel,S., Carrupt,P.A., Belviso,B.D., Caliandro,R. and Altomare,C. Synthesis and biological evaluation of direct thrombin inhibitors bearing 4-(piperidin-1-yl)pyridine at the P1 position with potent anticoagulant activity J Med Chem (2013) 56, 8696-8711. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Fuglestad,B., Gasper,P.M., McCammon,J.A., Markwick,P.R. and Komives,E.A. Correlated Motions and Residual Frustration in Thrombin J Phys Chem B (2013) 117, 12857-12863. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Huntington,J.A. Thrombin inhibition by the serpins J Thromb Haemost (2013) 11 Suppl 1, 254-264. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Jiao,F., Fan,H., Yang,G., Zhang,F. and He,P. Directly investigating the interaction between aptamers and thrombin by atomic force microscopy J Mol Recognit (2013) 26, 672-678. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
King,C.S., Holley,A.B. and Moores,L.K. Moving toward a more ideal anticoagulant: the oral direct thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors Chest (2013) 143, 1106-1116. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Kovach,I.M., Kakalis,L., Jordan,F. and Zhang,D. Proton bridging in the interactions of thrombin with hirudin and its mimics Biochemistry (2013) 52, 2472-2481. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Krishnaswamy,S. The transition of prothrombin to thrombin J Thromb Haemost (2013) 11 Suppl 1, 265-276. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Lin,H. and Trejo,J. Transactivation of the PAR1-PAR2 heterodimer by thrombin elicits beta-arrestin-mediated endosomal signaling J Biol Chem (2013) 288, 11203-11215. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Loganathan,C., Sakkiah,S., Lee,K.W., Kabilan,S. and Meganathan,C. Pharmacophore design, virtual screening, molecular docking and optimization approaches to discover potent thrombin inhibitors Comb Chem High Throughput Screen (2013) 16, 702-720. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Maggio,N., Blatt,I., Vlachos,A., Tanne,D., Chapman,J. and Segal,M. Treating seizures and epilepsy with anticoagulants? Front Cell Neurosci (2013) 7, 19-19. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Meneyrol,J., Follmann,M., Lassalle,G., Wehner,V., Barre,G., Rousseaux,T., Altenburger,J.M., Petit,F., Bocskei,Z., Schreuder,H., Alet,N., Herault,J.P., Millet,L., Dol,F., Florian,P., Schaeffer,P., Sadoun,F., Klieber,S., Briot,C., Bono,F. and Herbert,J.M. 5-Chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid [(S)-2-[2-methyl-3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)benzenesulfonylamino]-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-3-oxopropyl]amide (SAR107375), a selective and potent orally active dual thrombin and factor Xa inhibitor J Med Chem (2013) 56, 9441-9456. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Monsuez,J.-J. [From "fibrin ferment" to thrombin] Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss Prat (2013) 2013, 45-46. DOI
Park,H.D., Lee,S.H., Kim,T.H., Lee,S.H., Cho,K.H. and Kim,A. Antithrombotic effects of LB30870, a potent, orally active, selective and direct thrombin inhibitor, and pharmacokinetics of its prodrug Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2013) 23, 4779-4784. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Peng,Y., Li,L., Mu,X. and Guo,L. Aptamer-gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric assay for the sensitive detection of thrombin Sens Actuators, B Chem (2013) 177, 818-825. DOI A
Pica,A., Russo Krauss,I., Merlino,A., Nagatoishi,S., Sugimoto,N. and Sica,F. Dissecting the contribution of thrombin exosite I in the recognition of thrombin binding aptamer FEBS J (2013) 280, 6581-6588. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Pozzi,N., Chen,Z., Zapata,F., Niu,W., Barranco-Medina,S., Pelc,L.A. and Di Cera,E. Autoactivation of thrombin precursors J Biol Chem (2013) 288, 11601-11610. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Pozzi,N., Chen,Z., Gohara,D.W., Niu,W., Heyduk,T. and Di Cera,E. Crystal structure of prothrombin reveals conformational flexibility and mechanism of activation J Biol Chem (2013) 288, 22734-22744. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Russo Krauss,I., Pica,A., Merlino,A., Mazzarella,L. and Sica,F. Duplex-quadruplex motifs in a peculiar structural organization cooperatively contribute to thrombin binding of a DNA aptamer Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (2013) 69, 2403-2411. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Savchik,E.Y., Kalinina,T.B., Drozd,N.N., Makarov,V.A., Zav'yalova,E.G., Lapsheva,E.N., Mudrik,N.N., Babij,A.V., Pavlova,G.V., Golovin,A.V. and Kopylov,A.M. Aptamer RA36 inhibits of human, rabbit, and rat plasma coagulation activated with thrombin or snake venom coagulases Bull Exp Biol Med (2013) 156, 44-48. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Sidhu,P.S., Abdel Aziz,M.H., Sarkar,A., Mehta,A.Y., Zhou,Q. and Desai,U.R. Designing allosteric regulators of thrombin. Exosite 2 features multiple subsites that can be targeted by sulfated small molecules for inducing inhibition J Med Chem (2013) 56, 5059-5070. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Sung,J.H., Han,D. and Lee,J.B. Self-assembled DNA-based giant thrombin nanoparticles for controlled release Biotechnol J (2013) 8, 215-220. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Szymanski,M., Noble,J., Knight,A., Porter,R. and Worsley,G. Aptamer-mediated detection of thrombin using silver nanoparticle signal enhancement Anal Methods (2013) 5, 187-191. DOI A I
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Whitney,M., Savariar,E.N., Friedman,B., Levin,R.A., Crisp,J.L., Glasgow,H.L., Lefkowitz,R., Adams,S.R., Steinbach,P., Nashi,N., Nguyen,Q.T. and Tsien,R.Y. Ratiometric activatable cell-penetrating peptides provide rapid in vivo readout of thrombin activation Angew Chem Int Ed Engl (2013) 52, 325-330. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A L
Wu,Z., Liu,Y., Zhou,X., Shen,A. and Hu,J. A "turn-off" SERS-based detection platform for ultrasensitive detection of thrombin based on enzymatic assays Biosens Bioelectron (2013) 44, 10-15. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Yamada,T., Kurihara,K., Ohnishi,Y., Tamada,T., Tomoyori,K., Masumi,K., Tanaka,I., Kuroki,R. and Niimura,N. Neutron and X-ray crystallographic analysis of the human alpha-thrombin-bivalirudin complex at pD 5.0: Protonation states and hydration structure of the enzyme-product complex Biochim Biophys Acta (2013) 1834, 1532-1538. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Zhao,Q. and Cheng,L. Detection of thrombin using an excimer aptamer switch labeled with dual pyrene molecules Anal Bioanal Chem (2013) 405, 8233-8239. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2012

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Ahrens,I. and Bode,C. New parenteral anticoagulants: focus on factor Xa and thrombin inhibitors Curr Drug Discov Technol (2012) 9, 129-136. PubMed Europe PubMed I
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Borbone,N., Bucci,M., Oliviero,G., Morelli,E., Amato,J., D'atri,V., D'Errico,S., Vellecco,V., Cirino,G., Piccialli,G., Fattorusso,C., Varra,M., Mayol,L., Persico,M. and Scuotto,M. Investigating the role of T7 and T12 residues on the biological properties of thrombin-binding aptamer: enhancement of anticoagulant activity by a single nucleobase modification J Med Chem (2012) 55, 10716-10728. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Bradford,H.N. and Krishnaswamy,S. Meizothrombin is an unexpectedly zymogen-like variant of thrombin J Biol Chem (2012) 287, 30414-30425. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Lin,S.W., Chuang,Y.C., Lin,Y.S., Lei,H.Y., Liu,H.S. and Yeh,T.M. Dengue virus nonstructural protein NS1 binds to prothrombin/thrombin and inhibits prothrombin activation J Infect (2012) 64, 325-334. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Miyawaki,Y., Suzuki,A., Fujita,J., Maki,A., Okuyama,E., Murata,M., Takagi,A., Murate,T., Kunishima,S., Sakai,M., Okamoto,K., Matsushita,T., Naoe,T., Saito,H. and Kojima,T. Thrombosis from a prothrombin mutation conveying antithrombin resistance N Engl J Med (2012) 366, 2390-2396. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI M
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2011

Abdel Aziz,M.H., Mosier,P.D. and Desai,U.R. Identification of the site of binding of sulfated, low molecular weight lignins on thrombin Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2011) 413, 348-352. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Berny-Lang,M.A., Hurst,S., Tucker,E.I., Pelc,L.A., Wang,R.K., Hurn,P.D., Di Cera,E., McCarty,O.J. and Gruber,A. Thrombin mutant W215A/E217A treatment improves neurological outcome and reduces cerebral infarct size in a mouse model of ischemic stroke Stroke (2011) 42, 1736-1741. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
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Koh,C.Y., Kumar,S., Kazimirova,M., Nuttall,P.A., Radhakrishnan,U.P., Kim,S., Jagadeeswaran,P., Imamura,T., Mizuguchi,J., Iwanaga,S., Swaminathan,K. and Kini,R.M. Crystal structure of thrombin in complex with s-variegin: insights of a novel mechanism of inhibition and design of tunable thrombin inhibitors PLoS ONE (2011) 6, e26367-e26367. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
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Pozzi,N., Chen,R., Chen,Z., Bah,A. and Di Cera,E. Rigidification of the autolysis loop enhances Na(+) binding to thrombin Biophys Chem (2011) 159, 6-13. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Siles,R., Kawasaki,Y., Ross,P. and Freire,E. Synthesis and biochemical evaluation of triazole/tetrazole-containing sulfonamides against thrombin and related serine proteases Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2011) 21, 5305-5309. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Silva,V., Cargnelutti,M.T., Giesel,G.M., Palmieri,L.C., Monteiro,R.Q., Verli,H. and Lima,L.M. Structure and behavior of human alpha-thrombin upon ligand recognition: thermodynamic and molecular dynamics studies PLoS ONE (2011) 6, e24735-e24735. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Sinauridze,E.I., Romanov,A.N., Gribkova,I.V., Kondakova,O.A., Surov,S.S., Gorbatenko,A.S., Butylin,A.A., Monakov,M.Y., Bogolyubov,A.A., Kuznetsov,Y.V., Sulimov,V.B. and Ataullakhanov,F.I. New synthetic thrombin inhibitors: molecular design and experimental verification PLoS ONE (2011) 6, e19969-e19969. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Singla,N.K., Gasparis,A.P., Ballard,J.L., Baron,J.M., Butine,M.D., Pribble,J.P. and Alexander,W.A. Immunogenicity and safety of re-exposure to recombinant human thrombin in surgical hemostasis J Am Coll Surg (2011) 213, 722-727. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Sosic,A., Meneghello,A., Cretaio,E. and Gatto,B. Human thrombin detection through a sandwich aptamer microarray: interaction analysis in solution and in solid phase Sensors (2011) 11, 9426-9441. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Straub,A., Roehrig,S. and Hillisch,A. Oral, direct thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors: the replacement for warfarin, leeches, and pig intestines? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl (2011) 50, 4574-4590. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Treuheit,N.A., Beach,M.A. and Komives,E.A. Thermodynamic compensation upon binding to exosite 1 and the active site of thrombin Biochemistry (2011) 50, 4590-4596. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Wang,Q., Mei,H., Lv,J., Yan,N. and Xie,J. Molecular docking and topomer CoMFA research of phenyl acetamides derivatives as direct thrombin inhibitors Int Conf Remote Sens , Environ Transp Eng , RSETE - Proc (2011) 2011, 6938-6941. DOI I
Wu,G., Deng,X., Li,X., Wang,X., Wang,S. and Xu,H. Application of immobilized thrombin for production of S-thanatin expressed in Escherichia coli Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2011) 92, 85-93. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yan,S., Huang,R., Zhou,Y., Zhang,M., Deng,M., Wang,X., Weng,X. and Zhou,X. Aptamer-based turn-on fluorescent four-branched quaternary ammonium pyrazine probe for selective thrombin detection Chem Commun (Camb) (2011) 47, 1273-1275. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zarpellon,A., Celikel,R., Roberts,J.R., McClintock,R.A., Mendolicchio,G.L., Moore,K.L., Jing,H., Varughese,K.I. and Ruggeri,Z.M. Binding of alpha-thrombin to surface-anchored platelet glycoprotein Ib(alpha) sulfotyrosines through a two-site mechanism involving exosite I Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 108, 8628-8633. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Zavyalova,E., Golovin,A., Reshetnikov,R., Mudrik,N., Panteleyev,D., Pavlova,G. and Kopylov,A. Novel modular DNA aptamer for human thrombin with high anticoagulant activity Curr Med Chem (2011) 18, 3343-3350. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Zhang,Y., Liu,S. and Sun,X. Mesoporous carbon microparticles as a novel fluorescent sensing platform for thrombin detection Biosens Bioelectron (2011) 26, 3876-3880. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zhang,Y. and Sun,X. A novel fluorescent aptasensor for thrombin detection: using poly(m-phenylenediamine) rods as an effective sensing platform Chem Commun (Camb) (2011) 47, 3927-3929. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Zhang,Y., Li,B. and Jin,Y. Label-free fluorescent detection of thrombin using G-quadruplex-based DNAzyme as sensing platform Analyst (2011) 136, 3268-3273. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A

2010

Allsop,T., Nagel,D., Neal,R., Davies,E.M., Mou,C., Bond,P., Rehman,S., Kalli,K., Webb,D.J., Calverhouse,P., Mascini,M. and Bennion,I. Aptamer-based surface plasmon fibre sensor for thrombin detection Progr Biomed Opt Imaging Proc SPIE (2010) 7715, 77151C-77151C. DOI A I
Chen,B., Cheng,Q., Yang,K. and Lyden,P.D. Thrombin mediates severe neurovascular injury during ischemia Stroke (2010) 41, 2348-2352. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chen,C.K., Huang,C.C. and Chang,H.T. Label-free colorimetric detection of picomolar thrombin in blood plasma using a gold nanoparticle-based assay Biosens Bioelectron (2010) 25, 1922-1927. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Chen,Z., Pelc,L.A. and Di Cera,E. Crystal structure of prethrombin-1 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 107, 19278-19283. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Clark,J.A., Humphries,J.E., Crean,S. and Reynolds,M.W. Topical bovine thrombin: a 21-year review of topical bovine thrombin spontaneous case safety reports submitted to FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2010) 19, 107-114. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
de Amorim,H.L., Netz,P.A. and Guimaraes,J.A. Thrombin allosteric modulation revisited: a molecular dynamics study J Mol Model (2010) 16, 725-735. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gandhi,P.S., Chen,Z. and Di Cera,E. Crystal structure of thrombin bound to the uncleaved extracellular fragment of PAR1 J Biol Chem (2010) 285, 15393-15398. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Girnys,E.A., Sobczyk-Kojiro,K. and Mosberg,H.I. Structure-based design of residue 1 analogs of the direct thrombin inhibitor pentapeptide FM 19 Chem Biol Drug Des (2010) 75, 35-39. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Hosokawa,K., Matsuda,H., Ohnishi,T., Gonda,M. and Koide,T. M-AAA-Thrombin: potent anticoagulant and antiplatelet thrombin derivative with differential affinity for factor VIII and PAR1 Thromb Res (2010) 126, 447-453. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI E U
Kamath,P., Huntington,J.A. and Krishnaswamy,S. Ligand binding shuttles thrombin along a continuum of zymogen- and proteinase-like states J Biol Chem (2010) 285, 28651-28658. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Krauss,I.R., Merlino,A., Randazzo,A., Mazzarella,L. and Sica,F. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the complex of human alpha-thrombin with a modified thrombin-binding aptamer Acta Crystallograph Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun (2010) 66, 961-963. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Lechtenberg,B.C., Johnson,D.J., Freund,S.M. and Huntington,J.A. NMR resonance assignments of thrombin reveal the conformational and dynamic effects of ligation Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 107, 14087-14092. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Li,W., Johnson,D.J., Adams,T.E., Pozzi,N., De Filippis,V. and Huntington,J.A. Thrombin inhibition by serpins disrupts exosite II J Biol Chem (2010) 285, 38621-38629. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lu,T., Markotan,T., Ballentine,S.K., Giardino,E.C., Spurlino,J., Crysler,C.S., Brown,K., Maryanoff,B.E., Tomczuk,B.E., Damiano,B.P., Shukla,U., End,D., Andrade-Gordon,P., Bone,R.F. and Player,M.R. Discovery and clinical evaluation of 1-{N-[2-(amidinoaminooxy)ethyl]amino}carbonylmethyl-6-methyl-3-[2,2-difluoro-2-phenylethylamino]pyrazinone (RWJ-671818), a thrombin inhibitor with an oxyguanidine P1 motif J Med Chem (2010) 53, 1843-1856. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Marino,F., Pelc,L.A., Vogt,A., Gandhi,P.S. and Di Cera,E. Engineering thrombin for selective specificity toward protein C and PAR1 J Biol Chem (2010) 285, 19145-19152. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Muley,L., Baum,B., Smolinski,M., Freindorf,M., Heine,A., Klebe,G. and Hangauer,D.G. Enhancement of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bond strength by cooperativity: synthesis, modeling, and molecular dynamics simulations of a congeneric series of thrombin inhibitors J Med Chem (2010) 53, 2126-2135. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Mutch,N.J., Myles,T., Leung,L.L. and Morrissey,J.H. Polyphosphate binds with high affinity to exosite II of thrombin J Thromb Haemost (2010) 8, 548-555. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Nicolotti,O., Giangreco,I., Miscioscia,T.F., Convertino,M., Leonetti,F., Pisani,L. and Carotti,A. Screening of benzamidine-based thrombin inhibitors via a linear interaction energy in continuum electrostatics model J Comput Aided Mol Des (2010) 24, 117-129. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Peng,C.Y., Pan,S.L., Pai,H.C., Tsai,A.C., Guh,J.H., Chang,Y.L., Kuo,S.C., Lee,F.Y. and Teng,C.M. The indazole derivative YD-3 specifically inhibits thrombin-induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo Shock (2010) 34, 580-585. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Pozmogova,G.E., Zaitseva,M.A., Smirnov,I.P., Shvachko,A.G., Murina,M.A. and Sergeenko,V.I. Anticoagulant effects of thioanalogs of thrombin-binding DNA-aptamer and their stability in the plasma Bull Exp Biol Med (2010) 150, 180-184. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Yin,X., Wright,J., Wall,T. and Grammas,P. Brain Endothelial Cells Synthesize Neurotoxic Thrombin in Alzheimer's Disease Am J Pathol (2010) 176, 1600-1606. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Zhou,G., Huang,X. and Qu,Y. The binding effect of aptamers on thrombin Biochem Eng J (2010) 52, 117-122. DOI I

2009

Adams,T.E., Li,W. and Huntington,J.A. Molecular basis of thrombomodulin activation of slow thrombin J Thromb Haemost (2009) 7, 1688-1695. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Bah,A., Carrell,C.J., Chen,Z., Gandhi,P.S. and Di Cera,E. Stabilization of the E* form turns thrombin into an anticoagulant J Biol Chem (2009) 284, 20034-20040. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Baum,B., Mohamed,M., Zayed,M., Gerlach,C., Heine,A., Hangauer,D. and Klebe,G. More than a simple lipophilic contact: a detailed thermodynamic analysis of nonbasic residues in the S1 pocket of thrombin J Mol Biol (2009) 390, 56-69. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Baum,B., Muley,L., Heine,A., Smolinski,M., Hangauer,D. and Klebe,G. Think twice: understanding the high potency of bis(phenyl)methane inhibitors of thrombin J Mol Biol (2009) 391, 552-564. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Gandhi,P.S., Page,M.J., Chen,Z., Bush-Pelc,L. and Di Cera,E. Mechanism of the anticoagulant activity of thrombin mutant W215A/E217A J Biol Chem (2009) 284, 24098-24105. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI M S
Greenhalgh,D.G., Gamelli,R.L., Collins,J., Sood,R., Mozingo,D.W., Gray,T.E. and Alexander,W.A. Recombinant thrombin: safety and immunogenicity in burn wound excision and grafting J Burn Care Res (2009) 30, 371-379. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
Hanessian,S., Therrien,E., Zhang,J., Otterlo,W., Xue,Y., Gustafsson,D., Nilsson,I. and Fjellstrom,O. From natural products to achiral drug prototypes: potent thrombin inhibitors based on P2/P3 dihydropyrid-2-one core motifs Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2009) 19, 5429-5432. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Huntington,J.A. Slow thrombin is zymogen-like J Thromb Haemost (2009) 7 Suppl 1, 159-164. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Koh,C.Y., Kazimirova,M., Nuttall,P.A. and Kini,R.M. Noncompetitive inhibitor of thrombin Chembiochem (2009) 10, 2155-2158. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kovach,I.M., Kelley,P., Eddy,C., Jordan,F. and Baykal,A. Proton bridging in the interactions of thrombin with small inhibitors Biochemistry (2009) 48, 7296-7304. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Kroh,H.K., Panizzi,P. and Bock,P.E. Von Willebrand factor-binding protein is a hysteretic conformational activator of prothrombin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009) 106, 7786-7791. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Lima,L.M., Becker,C.F., Giesel,G.M., Marques,A.F., Cargnelutti,M.T., de Oliveira Neto,M., Monteiro,R.Q., Verli,H. and Polikarpov,I. Structural and thermodynamic analysis of thrombin:suramin interaction in solution and crystal phases Biochim Biophys Acta (2009) 1794, 873-881. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Newell,J.L. and Fay,P.J. Cleavage at Arg-1689 influences heavy chain cleavages during thrombin-catalyzed activation of factor VIII J Biol Chem (2009) 284, 11080-11089. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Ng,N.M., Quinsey,N.S., Matthews,A.Y., Kaiserman,D., Wijeyewickrema,L.C., Bird,P.I., Thompson,P.E. and Pike,R.N. The effects of exosite occupancy on the substrate specificity of thrombin Arch Biochem Biophys (2009) 489, 48-54. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Nilsson,M., Hamalainen,M., Ivarsson,M., Gottfries,J., Xue,Y., Hansson,S., Isaksson,R. and Fex,T. Compounds binding to the S2-S3 pockets of thrombin J Med Chem (2009) 52, 2708-2715. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Niu,W., Chen,Z., Bush-Pelc,L.A., Bah,A., Gandhi,P.S. and Di Cera,E. Mutant N143P reveals how Na+ activates thrombin J Biol Chem (2009) 284, 36175-36185. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
O'Mullan,P., Craft,D., Yi,J. and Gelfand,C.A. Thrombin induces broad spectrum proteolysis in human serum samples Clin Chem Lab Med (2009) 47, 685-693. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Petrera,N.S., Stafford,A.R., Leslie,B.A., Kretz,C.A., Fredenburgh,J.C. and Weitz,J.I. Long range communication between exosites 1 and 2 modulates thrombin function J Biol Chem (2009) 284, 25620-25629. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Qureshi,S.H., Yang,L., Manithody,C., Iakhiaev,A.V. and Rezaie,A.R. Mutagenesis studies toward understanding allostery in thrombin Biochemistry (2009) 48, 8261-8270. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Rossler,O.G. and Thiel,G. Thrombin induces Egr-1 expression in fibroblasts involving elevation of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, phosphorylation of ERK and activation of ternary complex factor BMC Mol Biol (2009) 10, 40-40. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Verghese,J., Liang,A., Sidhu,P.P., Hindle,M., Zhou,Q. and Desai,U.R. First steps in the direction of synthetic, allosteric, direct inhibitors of thrombin and factor Xa Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2009) 19, 4126-4129. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Zikria,J.C. and Ansell,J. Oral anticoagulation with factor Xa and thrombin inhibitors: on the threshold of change Curr Opin Hematol (2009) 16, 347-356. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I

2008

Aizawa,P., Winge,S. and Karlsson,G. Large-scale preparation of thrombin from human plasma Thromb Res (2008) 122, 560-567. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Berny,M.A., White,T.C., Tucker,E.I., Bush-Pelc,L.A., Di Cera,E., Gruber,A. and McCarty,O.J. Thrombin mutant W215A/E217A acts as a platelet GPIb antagonist Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol (2008) 28, 329-334. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI M
Bonifacio,L., Church,F.C. and Jarstfer,M.B. Effect of locked-nucleic acid on a biologically active G-quadruplex. A structure-activity relationship of the thrombin aptamer Int J Mol Sci (2008) 9, 422-433. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC I
Cho,H., Baker,B.R., Wachsmann-Hogiu,S., Pagba,C.V., Laurence,T.A., Lane,S.M., Lee,L.P. and Tok,J.B. Aptamer-based SERRS sensor for thrombin detection Nano Lett (2008) 8, 4386-4390. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Crean,S.M., Michels,S.L. and Reynolds,M.W. Exogenous bovine thrombin as a biomarker of exposure and outcome Expert Rev Mol Diagn (2008) 8, 651-661. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI U
De Smedt,E., Al Dieri,R., Spronk,H.M., Hamulyak,K., ten Cate,H. and Hemker,H.C. The technique of measuring thrombin generation with fluorogenic substrates: 1. Necessity of adequate calibration Thromb Haemost (2008) 100, 343-349. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A
Di Cera,E. Thrombin Mol Aspects Med (2008) 29, 203-254. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC V
Dutt,T. and Toh,C.H. The Yin-Yang of thrombin and activated protein C Br J Haematol (2008) 140, 505-515. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Friedrich,R., Riester,D., Gottig,P., Thurk,M., Schwienhorst,A. and Bode,W. Structure of a novel thrombin inhibitor with an uncharged d-amino acid as P1 residue Eur J Med Chem (2008) 43, 1330-1335. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Gandhi,P.S., Chen,Z., Mathews,F.S. and Di Cera,E. Structural identification of the pathway of long-range communication in an allosteric enzyme Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2008) 105, 1832-1837. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Girolami,A., Santarossa,L., Scarparo,P., Candeo,N. and Girolami,B. True congenital prothrombin deficiency due to a 'new' mutation in the pre-propeptide (ARG-39 GLN) Acta Haematol (2008) 120, 82-86. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI M
Hanessian,S., Simard,D., Bayrakdarian,M., Therrien,E., Nilsson,I. and Fjellstrom,O. Design, synthesis, and thrombin-inhibitory activity of pyridin-2-ones as P2/P3 core motifs Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2008) 18, 1972-1976. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Ilas,J., Tomasic,T. and Kikelj,D. Novel potent and selective thrombin inhibitors based on a central 1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one scaffold J Med Chem (2008) 51, 2863-2867. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Ilas,J., Jakopin,Z., Borstnar,T., Stegnar,M. and Kikelj,D. 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine derivatives combining thrombin inhibitory and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonistic activity as a novel class of antithrombotic compounds with dual function J Med Chem (2008) 51, 5617-5629. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Isaacs,R.C., Solinsky,M.G., Cutrona,K.J., Newton,C.L., Naylor-Olsen,A.M., McMasters,D.R., Krueger,J.A., Lewis,S.D., Lucas,B.J., Kuo,L.C., Yan,Y., Lynch,J.J. and Lyle,E.A. Structure-based design of novel groups for use in the P1 position of thrombin inhibitor scaffolds. Part 2: N-acetamidoimidazoles Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2008) 18, 2062-2066. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Kreutter,K.D., Lu,T., Lee,L., Giardino,E.C., Patel,S., Huang,H., Xu,G., FitzGerald,M., Haertlein,B.J., Mohan,V., Crysler,C., Eisennagel,S., Dasgupta,M., McMillan,M., Spurlino,J.C., Huebert,N.D., Maryanoff,B.E., Tomczuk,B.E., Damiano,B.P. and Player,M.R. Orally efficacious thrombin inhibitors with cyanofluorophenylacetamide as the P2 motif Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2008) 18, 2865-2870. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Li,W., Adams,T.E., Nangalia,J., Esmon,C.T. and Huntington,J.A. Molecular basis of thrombin recognition by protein C inhibitor revealed by the 1.6-A structure of the heparin-bridged complex Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2008) 105, 4661-4666. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Long,S.B., Long,M.B., White,R.R. and Sullenger,B.A. Crystal structure of an RNA aptamer bound to thrombin RNA (2008) 14, 2504-2512. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Mlinsek,G., Friedrich,R. and Solmajer,T. Thrombin inhibitors with novel azaphenylalanine scaffolds and a new P1 binding pocket functionality: structural analysis of binding Acta Chim Slov (2008) 55, 739-751. I
Muller,J., Freitag,D., Mayer,G. and Potzsch,B. Anticoagulant characteristics of HD1-22, a bivalent aptamer that specifically inhibits thrombin and prothrombinase J Thromb Haemost (2008) 6, 2105-2112. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Myles,T. and Leung,L.L. Thrombin hydrolysis of human osteopontin is dependent on thrombin anion-binding exosites J Biol Chem (2008) 283, 17789-17796. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Nutescu,E.A., Shapiro,N.L. and Chevalier,A. New anticoagulant agents: direct thrombin inhibitors Cardiol Clin (2008) 26, 169-187. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V I
Pagano,B., Martino,L., Randazzo,A. and Giancola,C. Stability and binding properties of a modified thrombin binding aptamer Biophys J (2008) 94, 562-569. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Page,M.F.Z., Jalisatgi,S.S., Maderna,A. and Hawthorne,M.F. Design and synthesis of a candidate alpha-human thrombin irreversible inhibitor containing a hydrophobic carborane pharmacophore Synthesis (Stuttgart) (2008) 2008, 555-563. DOI I
Papaconstantinou,M.E., Bah,A. and Di Cera,E. Role of the A chain in thrombin function Cell Mol Life Sci (2008) 65, 1943-1947. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC M
Papaconstantinou,M.E., Gandhi,P.S., Chen,Z., Bah,A. and Di Cera,E. Na+ binding to meizothrombin desF1 Cell Mol Life Sci (2008) 65, 3688-3697. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Poyarkov,A., Rocabayera,X., Poyarkova,S. and Kukhar,V. Influence of aromatic and aliphatic moieties on thrombin inhibitors potency Open Biochem J (2008) 2, 143-149. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Ratner,M. Recombinant thrombin approved Nat Biotechnol (2008) 26, 250-250. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Thompson,C.A. First plasma-free thrombin product approved by FDA Am J Health Syst Pharm (2008) 65, 380-380. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Yoon,H., Blaber,S.I., Evans,D.M., Trim,J., Juliano,M.A., Scarisbrick,I.A. and Blaber,M. Activation profiles of human kallikrein-related peptidases by proteases of the thrombostasis axis Protein Sci (2008) 17, 1998-2007. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Yu,P.J., Ferrari,G., Pirelli,L., Galloway,A.C., Mignatti,P. and Pintucci,G. Thrombin cleaves the high molecular weight forms of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2): a novel mechanism for the control of FGF-2 and thrombin activity Oncogene (2008) 27, 2594-2601. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2007

Ansell,J. Factor Xa or thrombin: is factor Xa a better target? J Thromb Haemost (2007) 5 Suppl 1, 60-64. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Bah,A., Chen,Z., Bush-Pelc,L.A., Mathews,F.S. and Di Cera,E. Crystal structures of murine thrombin in complex with the extracellular fragments of murine protease-activated receptors PAR3 and PAR4 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 104, 11603-11608. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Blomberg,D., Fex,T., Xue,Y., Brickmann,K. and Kihlberg,J. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of thrombin inhibitors based on a pyridine scaffold Org Biomol Chem (2007) 5, 2599-2605. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Bush-Pelc,L.A., Marino,F., Chen,Z., Pineda,A.O., Mathews,F.S. and Di Cera,E. Important role of the Cys-191 Cys-220 disulfide bond in thrombin function and allostery J Biol Chem (2007) 282, 27165-27170. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chen,Y., Tan,W., Lu,X., Lu,Y., Qin,S., Li,S., Zeng,Y., Bu,H., Li,Y. and Cheng,J. Full-length cDNA cloning and protein three-dimensional structure modeling of porcine prothrombin Blood Cells Mol Dis (2007) 38, 93-99. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Czodrowski,P., Sotriffer,C.A. and Klebe,G. Protonation changes upon ligand binding to trypsin and thrombin: structural interpretation based on pK(a) calculations and ITC experiments J Mol Biol (2007) 367, 1347-1356. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Dasgupta,S.K. and Thiagarajan,P. Inhibition of thrombin activity by prothrombin activation fragment 1.2 J Thromb Thrombolysis (2007) 24, 157-162. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Di Cera,E. Thrombin as procoagulant and anticoagulant J Thromb Haemost (2007) 5 Suppl 1, 196-202. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Di Cera,E., Page,M.J., Bah,A., Bush-Pelc,L.A. and Garvey,L.C. Thrombin allostery Phys Chem Chem Phys (2007) 9, 1291-1306. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Fortenberry,Y.M., Whinna,H.C., Cooper,S.T., Myles,T., Leung,L.L. and Church,F.C. Essential thrombin residues for inhibition by protein C inhibitor with the cofactors heparin and thrombomodulin J Thromb Haemost (2007) 5, 1486-1492. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Frederick,R., Robert,S., Charlier,C., Wouters,J., Masereel,B. and Pochet,L. Mechanism-based thrombin inhibitors: design, synthesis, and molecular docking of a new selective 2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran derivative J Med Chem (2007) 50, 3645-3650. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Gerlach,C., Smolinski,M., Steuber,H., Sotriffer,C.A., Heine,A., Hangauer,D.G. and Klebe,G. Thermodynamic inhibition profile of a cyclopentyl and a cyclohexyl derivative towards thrombin: the same but for different reasons Angew Chem Int Ed Engl (2007) 46, 8511-8514. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Gianni,S., Ivarsson,Y., Bah,A., Bush-Pelc,L.A. and Di Cera,E. Mechanism of Na(+) binding to thrombin resolved by ultra-rapid kinetics Biophys Chem (2007) 131, 111-114. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Hanessian,S., Ersmark,K., Wang,X., Del Valle,J.R., Blomberg,N., Xue,Y. and Fjellstrom,O. Structure-based organic synthesis of unnatural aeruginosin hybrids as potent inhibitors of thrombin Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2007) 17, 3480-3485. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Henry,B.L., Monien,B.H., Bock,P.E. and Desai,U.R. A novel allosteric pathway of thrombin inhibition: exosite II mediated potent inhibition of thrombin by chemo-enzymatic, sulfated dehydropolymers of 4-hydroxycinnamic acids J Biol Chem (2007) 282, 31891-31899. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC I
Ignjatovic,V., Greenway,A., Summerhayes,R. and Monagle,P. Thrombin generation: the functional role of alpha-2-macroglobulin and influence of developmental haemostasis Br J Haematol (2007) 138, 366-368. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Iyaguchi,D., Yao,M., Watanabe,N., Tanaka,I. and Toyota,E. Crystallization and preliminary x-ray studies of the unliganded wild-type bovine thrombin Protein Pept Lett (2007) 14, 923-924. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Jormalainen,M., Vento,A.E., Lukkarinen,H., Kaapa,P., Kyto,V., Lauronen,J., Paavonen,T., Suojaranta-Ylinen,R. and Petaja,J. Inhibition of thrombin during reperfusion improves immediate postischemic myocardial function and modulates apoptosis in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary bypass J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth (2007) 21, 224-231. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kololdzeyskaya,M.V. and Volkov,G.L. Sodium ions as the effector of catalytic action of alpha-thrombin Ukr Biokhim Zh (2007) 79, 5-21.
Lee,L., Kreutter,K.D., Pan,W., Crysler,C., Spurlino,J., Player,M.R., Tomczuk,B. and Lu,T. 2-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)acetamides as potent thrombin inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2007) 17, 6266-6269. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Lin,F., Wu,J., Wang,Y. and Qin,Z. Huntingtin cleavage induced by thrombin in vitro Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) (2007) 39, 15-18. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Liu,C.C., Brustad,E., Liu,W. and Schultz,P.G. Crystal structure of a biosynthetic sulfo-hirudin complexed to thrombin J Am Chem Soc (2007) 129, 10648-10649. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Marino,F., Chen,Z.W., Ergenekan,C.E., Bush-Pelc,L.A., Mathews,F.S. and Di Cera,E. Structural basis of Na+ activation mimicry in murine thrombin J Biol Chem (2007) 282, 16355-16361. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Mlinsek,G., Oblak,M., Hodoscek,M. and Solmajer,T. Thrombin inhibitors with novel P1 binding pocket functionality: free energy of binding analysis J Mol Model (2007) 13, 247-254. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Motley,E.D., Eguchi,K., Patterson,M.M., Palmer,P.D., Suzuki,H. and Eguchi,S. Mechanism of endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and activation by thrombin Hypertension (2007) 49, 577-583. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Newell,J.L. and Fay,P.J. Proteolysis at Arg740 facilitates subsequent bond cleavages during thrombin-catalyzed activation of factor VIII J Biol Chem (2007) 282, 25367-25375. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Pineda,A.O., Chen,Z.W., Marino,F., Mathews,F.S., Mosesson,M.W. and Di Cera,E. Crystal structure of thrombin in complex with fibrinogen gamma' peptide Biophys Chem (2007) 125, 556-559. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Radau,G. and Fokkens,J. Design and X-ray crystal structures of human thrombin with synthetic cyanopeptide-analogues Pharmazie (2007) 62, 83-88. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Salvagnini,C., Gharbi,S., Boxus,T. and Marchand-Brynaert,J. Synthesis and evaluation of a small library of graftable thrombin inhibitors derived from (l)-arginine Eur J Med Chem (2007) 42, 37-53. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Segers,K., Dahlback,B., Bock,P.E., Tans,G., Rosing,J. and Nicolaes,G.A. The role of thrombin exosites I and II in the activation of human coagulation factor V J Biol Chem (2007) 282, 33915-33924. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Smolnikar,I., Perdih,A., Stegnar,M., Prezelj,A., Solmajer,T., Urleb,U. and Obreza,A. Design, synthesis and molecular modelling of 1-amidinopiperidine thrombin inhibitors Pharmazie (2007) 62, 243-254. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Touyz,R.M. Regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by thrombin Hypertension (2007) 49, 429-431. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Tsukamoto,H., Fukudome,K., Kohara,J., Nakatake,H. and Kimoto,M. Preparation of recombinant murine tumor necrosis factor-alpha in Escherichia coli: a rapid method to remove tags from fusion proteins by thrombin-cleavage and ion-exchange chromatography Protein Expr Purif (2007) 56, 138-144. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Weitz,J.I. Factor Xa or thrombin: is thrombin a better target? J Thromb Haemost (2007) 5 Suppl 1, 65-67. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V T
Wolberg,A.S. Thrombin generation and fibrin clot structure Blood Rev (2007) 21, 131-142. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Young,R.J., Brown,D., Burns-Kurtis,C.L., Chan,C., Convery,M.A., Hubbard,J.A., Kelly,H.A., Pateman,A.J., Patikis,A., Senger,S., Shah,G.P., Toomey,J.R., Watson,N.S. and Zhou,P. Selective and dual action orally active inhibitors of thrombin and factor Xa Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2007) 17, 2927-2930. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I

2006

Bah,A., Garvey,L.C., Ge,J. and Di Cera,E. Rapid kinetics of Na+ binding to thrombin J Biol Chem (2006) 281, 40049-40056. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bishop,P.D., Lewis,K.B., Schultz,J. and Walker,K.M. Comparison of recombinant human thrombin and plasma-derived human alpha-thrombin Semin Thromb Hemost (2006) 32 Suppl 1, 86-97. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Bode,W. The structure of thrombin: a janus-headed proteinase Semin Thromb Hemost (2006) 32 Suppl 1, 16-31. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V S
[YEAR:19-4-2006]Bukys,M.A., Orban,T., Kim,P.Y., Beck,D.O., Nesheim,M.E. and Kalafatis,M. The structural integrity of anion binding exosite I of thrombin is required and sufficient for timely cleavage and activation of factor V and factor VIII J Biol Chem (19-4-2006) 281, 18569-18580. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bulat,S., Bosio,S., Papadopoulos,M.A., Cerezo-Galvez,S., Grabowski,E., Rosenbaum,C., Matassa,V.G., Ott,I., Metz,G., Schamberger,J., Sekul,R. and Feurer,A. Design and discovery of novel, potent pyrazinone-based thrombin inhibitors with a solubilizing amino P1-P2-linker Lett Drug Des Discov (2006) 3, 289-292. DOI I
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Chapman,J. Thrombin in inflammatory brain diseases Autoimmun Rev (2006) 5, 528-531. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chapman,W.C., Lockstadt,H., Singla,N., Kafie,F.E. and Lawson,J.H. Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical evaluation of recombinant human thrombin in multiple surgical indications J Thromb Haemost (2006) 4, 2083-2085. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Davie,E.W. and Kulman,J.D. An overview of the structure and function of thrombin Semin Thromb Hemost (2006) 32 Suppl 1, 3-15. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
De Cristofaro,R., Carotti,A., Akhavan,S., Palla,R., Peyvandi,F., Altomare,C. and Mannucci,P.M. The natural mutation by deletion of Lys9 in the thrombin A-chain affects the pKa value of catalytic residues, the overall enzyme's stability and conformational transitions linked to Na+ binding FEBS J (2006) 273, 159-169. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI M
[YEAR:31-7-2006]Deswal,S. and Roy,N. Quantitative structure activity relationship studies of aryl heterocycle-based thrombin inhibitors Eur J Med Chem (31-7-2006) 41, 1339-1346. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:12-1-2006]Frederick,R., Charlier,C., Robert,S., Wouters,J., Masereel,B. and Pochet,L. Investigation of mechanism-based thrombin inhibitors: implications of a highly conserved water molecule for the binding of coumarins within the S pocket Bioorg Med Chem Lett (12-1-2006) 16, 2017-2021. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Graefe-Mody,E.U., Schuhly,U., Rathgen,K., Stahle,H., Leitner,J.M. and Jilma,B. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of BIBT 986, a novel small molecule dual inhibitor of thrombin and factor Xa J Thromb Haemost (2006) 4, 1502-1509. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:13-11-2006]Hanessian,S., Therrien,E., van Otterlo,W.A., Bayrakdarian,M., Nilsson,I., Fjellstrom,O. and Xue,Y. Phenolic P2/P3 core motif as thrombin inhibitors - design, synthesis, and X-ray co-crystal structure Bioorg Med Chem Lett (13-11-2006) 16, 1032-1036. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Hoffmann-Roder,A., Schweizer,E., Egger,J., Seiler,P., Obst-Sander,U., Wagner,B., Kansy,M., Banner,D.W. and Diederich,F. Mapping the fluorophilicity of a hydrophobic pocket: synthesis and biological evaluation of tricyclic thrombin inhibitors directing fluorinated alkyl groups into the p pocket ChemMedChem (2006) 1, 1205-1215. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:26-10-2006]Isaacs,R.C., Solinsky,M.G., Cutrona,K.J., Newton,C.L., Naylor-Olsen,A.M., Krueger,J.A., Lewis,S.D. and Lucas,B.J. Structure-based design of novel groups for use in the P1 position of thrombin inhibitor scaffolds. Part 1: Weakly basic azoles Bioorg Med Chem Lett (26-10-2006) 16, 338-342. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Kainmuller,E.K. and Bannwarth,W. A new robust and highly sensitive FRET donor-acceptor pair: synthesis, characterization, and application in a thrombin assay Helv Chim Acta (2006) 89, 3056-3070. DOI A
[YEAR:27-6-2006]Koeppe,J.R. and Komives,E.A. Amide H/2H exchange reveals a mechanism of thrombin activation Biochemistry (27-6-2006) 45, 7724-7732. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Kretz,C.A., Stafford,A.R., Fredenburgh,J.C. and Weitz,J.I. HD1, a thrombin-directed aptamer, binds exosite 1 on prothrombin with high affinity and inhibits its activation by prothrombinase J Biol Chem (2006) 281, 37477-37485. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:2-2-2006]Lange,U.E., Baucke,D., Hornberger,W., Mack,H., Seitz,W. and Hoffken,H.W. Orally active thrombin inhibitors. Part 2: Optimization of the P2-moiety Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2-2-2006) 16, 2648-2653. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Mack,H., Baucke,D., Hornberger,W., Lange,U.E., Seitz,W. and Hoffken,H.W. Orally active thrombin inhibitors. Part 1: optimization of the P1-moiety Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2006) 16, 2641-2647. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Michaux,C., Salvagnini,C., Norberg,B., Marchand-Brynaert,J. and Wouters,J. {4(S)-(Piperidin-1-ylcarbonyl)-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylsulfonamido]but yl}guanidinium chloride: a model of a graftable thrombin inhibitor Acta Crystallogr C (2006) 62, o691-o693. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:27-4-2006]Mozzicafreddo,M., Cuccioloni,M., Eleuteri,A.M., Fioretti,E. and Angeletti,M. Flavonoids inhibit the amidolytic activity of human thrombin Biochimie (27-4-2006) 88, 1297-1306. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:5-9-2006]Pineda,A.O., Chen,Z.W., Bah,A., Garvey,L.C., Mathews,F.S. and Di Cera,E. Crystal structure of thrombin in a self-inhibited conformation J Biol Chem (5-9-2006) 281, 32922-32928. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
[YEAR:21-6-2006]Schweizer,E., Hoffmann-Roder,A., Olsen,J.A., Seiler,P., Obst-Sander,U., Wagner,B., Kansy,M., Banner,D.W. and Diederich,F. Multipolar interactions in the D pocket of thrombin: large differences between tricyclic imide and lactam inhibitors Org Biomol Chem (21-6-2006) 4, 2364-2375. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:12-6-2006]Schweizer,E., Hoffmann-Roder,A., Scharer,K., Olsen,J.A., Fah,C., Seiler,P., Obst-Sander,U., Wagner,B., Kansy,M. and Diederich,F. A fluorine scan at the catalytic center of thrombin: C - F, C - OH, and C - OMe bioisosterism and fluorine effects on pKa and log D values ChemMedChem (12-6-2006) 1, 611-621. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Serruys,P.W., Vranckx,P. and Allikmets,K. Clinical development of bivalirudin (Angiox): rationale for thrombin-specific anticoagulation in percutaneous coronary intervention and acute coronary syndromes Int J Clin Pract (2006) 60, 344-350. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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[YEAR:24-7-2006]Staas,D.D., Savage,K.L., Sherman,V.L., Shimp,H.L., Lyle,T.A., Tran,L.O., Wiscount,C.M., McMasters,D.R., Sanderson,P.E., Williams,P.D., Lucas,B.J., Jr., Krueger,J.A., Lewis,S.D., White,R.B., Yu,S., Wong,B.K., Kochansky,C.J., Anari,M.R., Yan,Y. and Vacca,J.P. Discovery of potent, selective 4-fluoroproline-based thrombin inhibitors with improved metabolic stability Bioorg Med Chem (24-7-2006) 14, 6900-6916. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Stief,T.W. Specific determination of plasmatic thrombin activity Clin Appl Thromb Hemost (2006) 12, 324-329. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:26-9-2006]Sutherland,J.S., Bhakta,V., Filion,M.L. and Sheffield,W.P. The transferable tail: fusion of the N-terminal acidic extension of heparin cofactor II to alpha1-proteinase inhibitor M358R specifically increases the rate of thrombin inhibition Biochemistry (26-9-2006) 45, 11444-11452. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2005

Akhavan,S., Miteva,M.A., Villoutreix,B.O., Venisse,L., Peyvandi,F., Mannucci,P.M., Guillin,M.C. and Bezeaud,A. A critical role for Gly25 in the B chain of human thrombin J Thromb Haemost (2005) 3, 139-145. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:12-11-2005]Arai,T., Guo,J.P. and McGeer,P.L. Proteolysis of non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated tau by thrombin J Biol Chem (12-11-2005) 280, 5145-5153. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Ascenzi,P., Gallina,C. and Bolognesi,M. Thrombin inhibition by the highly selective 'reversible suicide substrate' N-ethoxycarbonyl-D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-alpha-azalysine p-nitrophenyl ester Protein Pept Lett (2005) 12, 433-438. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Bobofchak,K.M., Pineda,A.O., Mathews,F.S. and Di Cera,E. Energetic and structural consequences of perturbing Gly-193 in the oxyanion hole of serine proteases J Biol Chem (2005) 280, 25644-25650. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:9-5-2005]Bode,W. The structure of thrombin, a chameleon-like proteinase J Thromb Haemost (9-5-2005) 3, 2379-2388. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
[YEAR:17-11-2005]Carter,W.J., Cama,E. and Huntington,J.A. Crystal structure of thrombin bound to heparin J Biol Chem (17-11-2005) 280, 2745-2749. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Christersson,C., Oldgren,J., Bylock,A., Wallentin,L. and Siegbahn,A. Long-term treatment with ximelagatran, an oral direct thrombin inhibitor, persistently reduces the coagulation activity after a myocardial infarction J Thromb Haemost (2005) 3, 2245-2253. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:24-3-2005]Costanzo,M.J., Almond,H.R., Jr., Hecker,L.R., Schott,M.R., Yabut,S.C., Zhang,H.C., Andrade-Gordon,P., Corcoran,T.W., Giardino,E.C., Kauffman,J.A., Lewis,J.M., de Garavilla,L., Haertlein,B.J. and Maryanoff,B.E. In-depth study of tripeptide-based alpha-ketoheterocycles as inhibitors of thrombin. Effective utilization of the S1' subsite and its implications to structure-based drug design J Med Chem (24-3-2005) 48, 1984-2008. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:23-6-2005]De Filippis,V., De Dea,E., Lucatello,F. and Frasson,R. Effect of Na+ binding on the conformation, stability and molecular recognition properties of thrombin Biochem J (23-6-2005) 390, 485-492. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
[YEAR:15-10-2005]Deng,J.Z., McMasters,D.R., Rabbat,P.M., Williams,P.D., Coburn,C.A., Yan,Y., Kuo,L.C., Lewis,S.D., Lucas,B.J., Krueger,J.A., Strulovici,B., Vacca,J.P., Lyle,T.A. and Burgey,C.S. Development of an oxazolopyridine series of dual thrombin/factor Xa inhibitors via structure-guided lead optimization Bioorg Med Chem Lett (15-10-2005) 15, 4411-4416. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Eriksson,B.I., Dahl,O.E., Buller,H.R., Hettiarachchi,R., Rosencher,N., Bravo,M.L., Ahnfelt,L., Piovella,F., Stangier,J., Kalebo,P. and Reilly,P. A new oral direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran etexilate, compared with enoxaparin for prevention of thromboembolic events following total hip or knee replacement: the BISTRO II randomized trial J Thromb Haemost (2005) 3, 103-111. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Frenkel,E.P., Shen,Y.M. and Haley,B.B. The direct thrombin inhibitors: their role and use for rational anticoagulation Hematol Oncol Clin North Am (2005) 19, 119-145. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:15-7-2005]Gulseth,M.P. Ximelagatran: an orally active direct thrombin inhibitor Am J Health Syst Pharm (15-7-2005) 62, 1451-1467. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:25-10-2005]Hosokawa,K., Ohnishi,T., Kawakami,A., Wakabayashi,S. and Koide,T. Chemically modified thrombin and anhydrothrombin that differentiate macromolecular substrates of thrombin J Thromb Haemost (25-10-2005) 3, 2703-2711. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Huntington,J.A. Molecular recognition mechanisms of thrombin J Thromb Haemost (2005) 3, 1861-1872. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:4-10-2005]Johnson,D.J., Adams,T.E., Li,W. and Huntington,J.A. Crystal structure of wild-type human thrombin in the Na+-free state Biochem J (4-10-2005) 392, 21-28. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
[YEAR:15-11-2005]Koeppe,J.R., Seitova,A., Mather,T. and Komives,E.A. Thrombomodulin tightens the thrombin active site loops to promote protein C activation Biochemistry (15-11-2005) 44, 14784-14791. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:30-6-2005]Lane,D.A., Philippou,H. and Huntington,J.A. Directing thrombin Blood (30-6-2005) 106, 2605-2612. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
[YEAR:1-4-2005]Lefkowitz,J.B. Argatroban-coupled Affi-Gel matrix for the purification of thrombin from plasma Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1-4-2005) 42, 189-192. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:27-12-2005]Majumder,R., Weinreb,G. and Lentz,B.R. Efficient thrombin generation requires molecular phosphatidylserine, not a membrane surface Biochemistry (27-12-2005) 44, 16998-17006. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:27-5-2005]Mengwasser,K.E., Bush,L.A., Shih,P., Cantwell,A.M. and Di Cera,E. Hirudin binding reveals key determinants of thrombin allostery J Biol Chem (27-5-2005) 280, 26997-27003. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:31-1-2005]Morrow,D.A., Murphy,S.A., McCabe,C.H., Mackman,N., Wong,H.C. and Antman,E.M. Potent inhibition of thrombin with a monoclonal antibody against tissue factor (Sunol-cH36): results of the PROXIMATE-TIMI 27 trial Eur Heart J (31-1-2005) 26, 682-688. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:2-6-2005]Nantermet,P.G., Burgey,C.S., Robinson,K.A., Pellicore,J.M., Newton,C.L., Deng,J.Z., Selnick,H.G., Lewis,S.D., Lucas,B.J., Krueger,J.A., Miller-Stein,C., White,R.B., Wong,B., McMasters,D.R., Wallace,A.A., Lynch,J.J., Jr., Yan,Y., Chen,Z., Kuo,L., Gardell,S.J., Shafer,J.A., Vacca,J.P. and Lyle,T.A. P2 pyridine N-oxide thrombin inhibitors: a novel peptidomimetic scaffold Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2-6-2005) 15, 2771-2775. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:10-2-2005]Nogami,K., Zhou,Q., Wakabayashi,H. and Fay,P.J. Thrombin-catalyzed activation of factor VIII with His substituted for Arg372 at the P1 site Blood (10-2-2005) 105, 4362-4368. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC P
Papaconstantinou,M.E., Carrell,C.J., Pineda,A.O., Bobofchak,K.M., Mathews,F.S., Flordellis,C.S., Maragoudakis,M.E., Tsopanoglou,N.E. and Di Cera,E. Thrombin functions through its RGD sequence in a non-canonical conformation J Biol Chem (2005) 280, 29393-29396. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Peternel,L., Stegnar,M., Drevensek,G., Budihna,M.V., Bozic,M., Zega,A., Stalc,A., Cerne,M. and Urleb,U. Antithrombotic potential of new direct thrombin inhibitors built on the azaphenylalanine scaffold in two rat venous thrombosis models Thromb Haemost (2005) 93, 437-442. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Petrassi,H.M., Williams,J.A., Li,J., Tumanut,C., Ek,J., Nakai,T., Masick,B., Backes,B.J. and Harris,J.L. A strategy to profile prime and non-prime proteolytic substrate specificity Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2005) 15, 3162-3166. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Rezaie,A.R. and Yang,L. Deletion of the 60-loop provides new insights into the substrate and inhibitor specificity of thrombin Thromb Haemost (2005) 93, 1047-1054. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Shammas,N.W. Complications in peripheral vascular interventions: emerging role of direct thrombin inhibitors J Vasc Interv Radiol (2005) 16, 165-171. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:7-4-2005]Stauffer,K.J., Williams,P.D., Selnick,H.G., Nantermet,P.G., Newton,C.L., Homnick,C.F., Zrada,M.M., Lewis,S.D., Lucas,B.J., Krueger,J.A., Pietrak,B.L., Lyle,E.A., Singh,R., Miller-Stein,C., White,R.B., Wong,B., Wallace,A.A., Sitko,G.R., Cook,J.J., Holahan,M.A., Stranieri-Michener,M., Leonard,Y.M., Lynch,J.J., Jr., McMasters,D.R. and Yan,Y. 9-hydroxyazafluorenes and their use in thrombin inhibitors J Med Chem (7-4-2005) 48, 2282-2293. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Whitton,C., Sands,D., Lee,T., Chang,A. and Longstaff,C. A reunification of the US ("NIH") and International Unit into a single standard for Thrombin Thromb Haemost (2005) 93, 261-266. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:23-3-2005]Zhang,D. and Kovach,I.M. Full and partial deuterium solvent isotope effect studies of alpha-thrombin-catalyzed reactions of natural substrates J Am Chem Soc (23-3-2005) 127, 3760-3766. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2004

[YEAR:1-4-2004]Altenburger,J.M., Lassalle,G.Y., Matrougui,M., Galtier,D., Jetha,J.C., Bocskei,Z., Berry,C.N., Lunven,C., Lorrain,J., Herault,J.P., Schaeffer,P., O'Connor,S.E. and Herbert,J.M. SSR182289A, a selective and potent orally active thrombin inhibitor Bioorg Med Chem (1-4-2004) 12, 1713-1730. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Baerga-Ortiz,A., Bergqvist,S., Mandell,J.G. and Komives,E.A. Two different proteins that compete for binding to thrombin have opposite kinetic and thermodynamic profiles Protein Sci (2004) 13, 166-176. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
[YEAR:27-9-2004]Bank,I., Libourel,E.J., Middeldorp,S., Van Pampus,E.C., Koopman,M.M., Hamulyak,K., Prins,M.H., Van Der Meer,J. and Buller,H.R. Prothrombin 20210A mutation: a mild risk factor for venous thromboembolism but not for arterial thrombotic disease and pregnancy-related complications in a family study Arch Intern Med (27-9-2004) 164, 1932-1937. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Bostrom,S.L., Hansson,G.F., Sarich,T.C. and Wolzt,M. The inhibitory effect of melagatran, the active form of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran, compared with enoxaparin and r-hirudin on ex vivo thrombin generation in human plasma Thromb Res (2004) 113, 85-91. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:18-11-2004]Brighton,T.A. The direct thrombin inhibitor melagatran/ximelagatran Med J Aust (18-11-2004) 181, 432-437. PubMed Europe PubMed V I
[YEAR:9-4-2004]Carter,W.J., Myles,T., Gibbs,C.S., Leung,L.L. and Huntington,J.A. Crystal structure of anticoagulant thrombin variant E217K provides insights into thrombin allostery J Biol Chem (9-4-2004) 279, 26387-26394. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Chi,L., Peng,Y.W., Gibson,G., Hicks,G., Mertz,T.E., Rapundalo,S., Janiczek,N., Edmunds,J.J. and Leadley,R. In vitro and in vivo antithrombotic activity of PD-198961, a novel synthetic factor Xa inhibitor J Cardiovasc Pharmacol (2004) 44, 493-500. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Crowther,M.A. and Weitz,J.I. Ximelagatran: the first oral direct thrombin inhibitor Expert Opin Investig Drugs (2004) 13, 403-413. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:15-7-2004]Danckwardt,S., Gehring,N.H., Neu-Yilik,G., Hundsdoerfer,P., Pforsich,M., Frede,U., Hentze,M.W. and Kulozik,A.E. The prothrombin 3'end formation signal reveals a unique architecture that is sensitive to thrombophilic gain-of-function mutations Blood (15-7-2004) 104, 428-435. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Day,K., Krishnegowda,N. and Jagadeeswaran,P. Knockdown of prothrombin in zebrafish Blood Cells Mol Dis (2004) 32, 191-198. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI K
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Lubetsky,A., Hoffman,R., Zimlichman,R., Eldor,A., Zvi,J., Kostenko,V. and Brenner,B. Efficacy and safety of a prothrombin complex concentrate (Octaplex) for rapid reversal of oral anticoagulation Thromb Res (2004) 113, 371-378. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Lundblad,R.L., Bradshaw,R.A., Gabriel,D., Ortel,T.L., Lawson,J. and Mann,K.G. A review of the therapeutic uses of thrombin Thromb Haemost (2004) 91, 851-860. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Messmore,H.L., Wehrmacher,W.H., Coyne,E. and Fareed,J. Heparin to pentasaccharide and beyond: the end is not in sight Semin Thromb Hemost (2004) 30 Suppl 1, 81-88. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Nieman,M.T., Warnock,M., Hasan,A.A., Mahdi,F., Lucchesi,B.R., Brown,N.J., Murphey,L.J. and Schmaier,A.H. The preparation and characterization of novel peptide antagonists to thrombin and factor VIIa and activation of protease-activated receptor 1 J Pharmacol Exp Ther (2004) 311, 492-501. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Scharer,K., Morgenthaler,M., Seiler,P., Diederich,F., Banner,D.W., Tschopp,T. and Obst-Sander,U. Enantiomerically pure thrombin inhibitors for exploring the molecular recognition features of the oxyanion hole Helv Chim Acta (2004) 87, 2517-2538. I
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2003

Abrahams,J.P. and Thomassen,E.A. Mechanism of thrombin's enigmatic sodium switch revealed Structure (2003) 11, 363-364. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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De Cristofaro,R. and De Candia,E. Thrombin domains: structure, function and interaction with platelet receptors J Thromb Thrombolysis (2003) 15, 151-163. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Eriksson,U.G., Bredberg,U., Gislen,K., Johansson,L.C., Frison,L., Ahnoff,M. and Gustafsson,D. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ximelagatran, a novel oral direct thrombin inhibitor, in young healthy male subjects Eur J Clin Pharmacol (2003) 59, 35-43. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:2-10-2003]Friedrich,R., Panizzi,P., Fuentes-Prior,P., Richter,K., Verhamme,I., Anderson,P.J., Kawabata,S., Huber,R., Bode,W. and Bock,P.E. Staphylocoagulase is a prototype for the mechanism of cofactor-induced zymogen activation Nature (2-10-2003) 425, 535-539. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Hasan,A.A., Warnock,M., Nieman,M., Srikanth,S., Mahdi,F., Krishnan,R., Tulinsky,A. and Schmaier,A.H. Mechanisms of Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe inhibition of thrombin Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (2003) 285, H183-H193. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Huntington,J.A. and Esmon,C.T. The molecular basis of thrombin allostery revealed by a 1.8 a structure of the "slow" form Structure (2003) 11, 469-479. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
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Jenny,R.J., Mann,K.G. and Lundblad,R.L. A critical review of the methods for cleavage of fusion proteins with thrombin and factor Xa Protein Expr Purif (2003) 31, 1-11. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Kang,K.W., Choi,S.Y., Cho,M.K., Lee,C.H. and Kim,S.G. Thrombin induces nitric-oxide synthase via Galpha12/13-coupled protein kinase C-dependent I-kappaBalpha phosphorylation and JNK-mediated I-kappaBalpha degradation J Biol Chem (2003) 278, 17368-17378. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Karlsson,G. Analysis of human alpha-thrombin by hydrophobic interaction high-performance liquid chromatography Protein Expr Purif (2003) 27, 171-174. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Kontogiorgis,C. and Litina,D. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) of thrombin inhibitors: review, evaluation and comparative analysis Curr Med Chem (2003) 10, 525-577. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
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Lee,K., Park,C.W., Jung,W.H., Park,H.D., Lee,S.H., Chung,K.H., Park,S.K., Kwon,O.H., Kang,M., Park,D.H., Lee,S.K., Kim,E.E., Yoon,S.K. and Kim,A. Efficacious and orally bioavailable thrombin inhibitors based on a 2,5-thienylamidine at the P1 position: discovery of N-carboxymethyl-d-diphenylalanyl-l-prolyl[(5-amidino-2-thienyl)methyl]amide J Med Chem (2003) 46, 3612-3622. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
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Mann,K.G. Thrombin formation Chest (2003) 124, 4S-10S. PubMed Europe PubMed
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2002

[YEAR:22-1-2002]Banerjee,M., Majumder,R., Weinreb,G., Wang,J. and Lentz,B.R. Role of procoagulant lipids in human prothrombin activation. 2. Soluble phosphatidylserine upregulates and directs factor X(a) to appropriate peptide bonds in prothrombin Biochemistry (22-1-2002) 41, 950-957. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Berry,C.N., Lassalle,G., Lunven,C., Altenburger,J.M., Guilbert,F., Lale,A., Herault,J.P., Lecoffre,C., Pfersdorff,C., Herbert,J.M. and O'Connor,S.E. SSR182289A, a novel, orally active thrombin inhibitor: in vitro profile and ex vivo anticoagulant activity J Pharmacol Exp Ther (2002) 303, 1189-1198. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Bianchini,E.P., Louvain,V.B., Marque,P.E., Juliano,M.A., Juliano,L. and le Bonniec,B.F. Mapping of the catalytic groove preferences of factor Xa reveals an inadequate selectivity for its macromolecule substrates J Biol Chem (2002) 277, 20527-20534. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
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Hauptmann,J. Pharmacokinetics of an emerging new class of anticoagulant/antithrombotic drugs. A review of small-molecule thrombin inhibitors Eur J Clin Pharmacol (2002) 57, 751-758. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V I
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[YEAR:26-2-2002]Trumbo,T.A. and Maurer,M.C. Thrombin hydrolysis of V29F and V34L mutants of factor XIII (28-41) reveals roles of the P(9) and P(4) positions in factor XIII activation Biochemistry (26-2-2002) 41, 2859-2868. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
[YEAR:1-3-2002]Verhamme,I.M., Olson,S.T., Tollefsen,D.M. and Bock,P.E. Binding of exosite ligands to human thrombin. Re-evaluation of allosteric linkage between thrombin exosites I and II J Biol Chem (1-3-2002) 277, 6788-6798. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Walker,C.P. and Royston,D. Thrombin generation and its inhibition: a review of the scientific basis and mechanism of action of anticoagulant therapies Br J Anaesth (2002) 88, 848-863. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:1-5-2002]Weitz,J.I. and Crowther,M. Direct thrombin inhibitors Thromb Res (1-5-2002) 106, V275-V284. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:22-1-2002]Wu,J.R., Zhou,C., Majumder,R., Powers,D.D., Weinreb,G. and Lentz,B.R. Role of procoagulant lipids in human prothrombin activation. 1. Prothrombin activation by factor X(a) in the absence of factor Va and in the absence and presence of membranes Biochemistry (22-1-2002) 41, 935-949. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

2001

Ceelie,H., Bertina,R.M., Vlieg,A.V., Rosendaal,F.R. and Vos,H.L. Polymorphisms in the prothrombin gene and their association with plasma prothrombin levels Thromb Haemost (2001) 85, 1066-1070. PubMed Europe PubMed M
[YEAR:16-2-2001]De Candia,E., Hall,S.W., Rutella,S., Landolfi,R., Andrews,R.K. and De Cristofaro,R. Binding of thrombin to glycoprotein Ib accelerates the hydrolysis of Par-1 on intact platelets J Biol Chem (16-2-2001) 276, 4692-4698. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gehring,N.H., Frede,U., Neu-Yilik,G., Hundsdoerfer,P., Vetter,B., Hentze,M.W. and Kulozik,A.E. Increased efficiency of mRNA 3' end formation: a new genetic mechanism contributing to hereditary thrombophilia Nat Genet (2001) 28, 389-392. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Gilchrist,A., Solomon,N., Erickson,D., Sikand,A., Bauer,K.A., Kruskall,M.S. and Kocher,O. Automated detection of the G20210A prothrombin mutation using the LCx microparticle enzyme immunoassay Clin Chim Acta (2001) 314, 249-254. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A M
[YEAR:15-8-2001]Hefti,M.H., Vugt-Van der Toorn,C.J.G., Dixon,R. and Vervoort,J. A novel purification method for histidine-tagged proteins containing a thrombin cleavage site Anal Biochem (15-8-2001) 295, 180-185. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:1-3-2001]Hosokawa,K., Ohnishi,T., Shima,M., Nagata,M. and Koide,T. Preparation of anhydrothrombin and characterization of its interaction with natural thrombin substrates Biochem J (1-3-2001) 354, 309-313. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
[YEAR:1-6-2001]Imamura,T., Banbula,A., Pereira,P.J., Travis,J. and Potempa,J. Activation of human prothrombin by arginine-specific cysteine proteinases (gingipains R) from Porphyromonas gingivalis J Biol Chem (1-6-2001) 276, 18984-18991. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:23-7-2001]Kokko,F.P., Arrigoni,C.E. and Dix,T.A. Selectivity enhancement induced by substitution of non-natural analogues of arginine and lysine in arginine-based thrombin inhibitors Bioorg Med Chem Lett (23-7-2001) 11, 1947-1950. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:1-7-2001]Lafleur,M.A., Hollenberg,M.D., Atkinson,S.J., Knauper,V., Murphy,G. and Edwards,D.R. Activation of pro-(matrix metalloproteinase-2) (pro-MMP-2) by thrombin is membrane-type-MMP-dependent in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and generates a distinct 63 kDa active species Biochem J (1-7-2001) 357, 107-115. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Levesque,S., St-Denis,Y., Bachand,B., Preville,P., Leblond,L., Winocour,P.D., Edmunds,J.J., Rubin,J.R. and Siddiqui,M.A. Novel bicyclic lactam inhibitors of thrombin: potency and selectivity optimization through P1 residues Bioorg Med Chem Lett (2001) 11, 3161-3164. PubMed Europe PubMed S I
Marty,I., Peclat,V., Kirdaite,G., Salvi,R., So,A. and Busso,N. Amelioration of collagen-induced arthritis by thrombin inhibition J Clin Invest (2001) 107, 631-640. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Meh,D.A., Siebenlist,K.R., Brennan,S.O., Holyst,T. and Mosesson,M.W. The amino acid sequence in fibrin responsible for high affinity thrombin binding Thromb Haemost (2001) 85, 470-474. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:1-7-2001]Meh,D.A., Mosesson,M.W., Siebenlist,K.R., Simpson-Haidaris,P.J., Brennan,S.O., DiOrio,J.P., Thompson,K. and Di Minno,G. Fibrinogen Naples I (B beta A68T) nonsubstrate thrombin-binding capacities Thromb Res (1-7-2001) 103, 63-73. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:6-7-2001]Myles,T., Yun,T.H., Hall,S.W. and Leung,L.L. An extensive interaction interface between thrombin and factor V is required for factor V activation J Biol Chem (6-7-2001) 276, 25143-25149. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:1-6-2001]Ohyama,H., Hosomi,N., Takahashi,T., Mizushige,K. and Kohno,M. Thrombin inhibition attenuates neurodegeneration and cerebral edema formation following transient forebrain ischemia Brain Res (1-6-2001) 902, 264-271. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:15-4-2001]Rezaie,A.R. Prothrombin protects factor Xa in the prothrombinase complex from inhibition by the heparin-antithrombin complex Blood (15-4-2001) 97, 2308-2313. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:17-8-2001]Skordalakes,E., Dodson,G.G., Green,D.S., Goodwin,C.A., Scully,M.F., Hudson,H.R., Kakkar,V.V. and Deadman,J.J. Inhibition of human alpha-thrombin by a phosphonate tripeptide proceeds via a metastable pentacoordinated phosphorus intermediate J Mol Biol (17-8-2001) 311, 549-555. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:28-8-2001]Wang,S.X., Esmon,C.T. and Fletterick,R.J. Crystal structure of thrombin-ecotin reveals conformational changes and extended interactions Biochemistry (28-8-2001) 40, 10038-10046. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S

2000

[YEAR:1-1-2000]Altrogge,L.M. and Monard,D. An assay for high-sensitivity detection of thrombin activity and determination of proteases activating or inactivating protease-activated receptors Anal Biochem (1-1-2000) 277, 33-45. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:17-7-2000]Baettig,U., Brown,L., Brundish,D., Dell,C., Furzer,A., Garman,S., Janus,D., Kane,P.D., Smith,G., Walker,C.V., Cockcroft,X., Ambler,J., Mitchelson,A., Talbot,M.D., Tweed,M. and Wills,N. The design and synthesis of thrombin inhibitors: analogues of MD805 containing non-polar surrogates for arginine at the P1 position Bioorg Med Chem Lett (17-7-2000) 10, 1563-1566. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Bates,S.M. and Weitz,J.I. The mechanism of action of thrombin inhibitors J Invasive Cardiol (2000) 12 Suppl F, 27F-32F. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:22-9-2000]Bell,R., Stevens,W.K., Jia,Z., Samis,J., Cote,H.C., MacGillivray,R.T. and Nesheim,M.E. Fluorescence properties and functional roles of tryptophan residues 60d, 96, 148, 207, and 215 of thrombin J Biol Chem (22-9-2000) 275, 29513-29520. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:20-9-2000]Braat,E.A., Collen,A., Jie,A.F., Grimbergen,J.M. and Rijken,D.C. The inactivation of single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator by thrombin on cultured human endothelial cells Biochim Biophys Acta (20-9-2000) 1497, 351-358. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Chirgadze,N.Y., Sall,D.J., Briggs,S.L., Clawson,D.K., Zhang,M., Smith,G.F. and Schevitz,R.W. The crystal structures of human alpha-thrombin complexed with active site-directed diamino benzo[b]thiophene derivatives: a binding mode for a structurally novel class of inhibitors Protein Sci (2000) 9, 29-36. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S I
[YEAR:7-2-2000]Hanessian,S., Balaux,E., Musil,D., Olsson,L.L. and Nilsson,I. Exploring the chiral space within the active site of alpha-thrombin with a constrained mimic of D-Phe-Pro-Arg - design, synthesis, inhibitory activity, and x-ray structure of an enzyme-inhibitor complex Bioorg Med Chem Lett (7-2-2000) 10, 243-247. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
[YEAR:5-7-2000]Harris,J.L., Backes,B.J., Leonetti,F., Mahrus,S., Ellman,J.A. and Craik,C.S. Rapid and general profiling of protease specificity by using combinatorial fluorogenic substrate libraries Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (5-7-2000) 97, 7754-7759. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC P
Jagadeeswaran,P., Gregory,M., Zhou,Y., Zon,L., Padmanabhan,K. and Hanumanthaiah,R. Characterization of zebrafish full-length prothrombin cDNA and linkage group mapping Blood Cells Mol Dis (2000) 26, 479-489. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Krishnan,R., Mochalkin,I., Arni,R. and Tulinsky,A. Structure of thrombin complexed with selective non-electrophilic inhibitors having cyclohexyl moieties at P1 Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (2000) 56, 294-303. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Krishnan,R., Sadler,J.E. and Tulinsky,A. Structure of the Ser195Ala mutant of human alpha - thrombin complexed with fibrinopeptide A(7 - 16): evidence for residual catalytic activity Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (2000) 56, 406-410. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Leung,L.L. and Hall,S.W. Dissociation of thrombin's substrate interactions using site-directed mutagenesis Trends Cardiovasc Med (2000) 10, 89-92. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:1-1-2000]Ramjee,M.K. The use of fluorogenic substrates to monitor thrombin generation for the analysis of plasma and whole blood coagulation Anal Biochem (1-1-2000) 277, 11-18. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Recacha,R., Costanzo,M.J., Maryanoff,B.E., Carson,M., DeLucas,L. and Chattopadhyay,D. Structure of human alpha-thrombin complexed with RWJ-51438 at 1.7 A: unusual perturbation of the 60A-60I insertion loop Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (2000) 56, 1395-1400. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
[YEAR:1-11-2000]Richardson,J.L., Kroger,B., Hoeffken,W., Sadler,J.E., Pereira,P., Huber,R., Bode,W. and Fuentes-Prior,P. Crystal structure of the human alpha-thrombin-haemadin complex: an exosite II-binding inhibitor EMBO J (1-11-2000) 19, 5650-5660. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Slon-Usakiewicz,J.J., Sivaraman,J., Li,Y., Cygler,M. and Konishi,Y. Design of P1' and P3' residues of trivalent thrombin inhibitors and their crystal structures Biochemistry (2000) 39, 2384-2391. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Steinmetzer,T., Batdordshjin,M., Pineda,F., Seyfarth,L., Vogel,A., Reissmann,S., Hauptmann,J. and Sturzebecher,J. New bivalent thrombin inhibitors with N(alpha)(methyl)arginine at the P1-position Biol Chem (2000) 381, 603-610. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I

1999

Braat,E.A., Levi,M., Bos,R., Haverkate,F., Lassen,M.R., de Maat,M.P. and Rijken,D.C. Inactivation of single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator by thrombin in human subjects J Lab Clin Med (1999) 134, 161-167. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Croft,S.A., Daly,M.E., Steeds,R.P., Channer,K.S., Samani,N.J. and Hampton,K.K. The prothrombin 20210A allele and its association with myocardial infarction Thromb Haemost (1999) 81, 861-864. PubMed Europe PubMed
de Nanteuil,G. and Verbeuren,T.J. S 18326: a thrombin inhibitor that shows potential for oral treatment of thromboembolic disorders Expert Opin Investig Drugs (1999) 8, 173-180. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Dekker,R.J., Eichinger,A., Stoop,A.A., Bode,W., Pannekoek,H. and Horrevoets,A.J. The variable region-1 from tissue-type plasminogen activator confers specificity for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 to thrombin by facilitating catalysis: release of a kinetic block by a heterologous protein surface loop J Mol Biol (1999) 293, 613-627. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
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Katz,B.A. and Luong,C. Recruiting Zn2+ to mediate potent, specific inhibition of serine proteases J Mol Biol (1999) 292, 669-684. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Lombardi,A., De Simone,G., Nastri,F., Galdiero,S., Della Morte,R., Staiano,N., Pedone,C., Bolognesi,M. and Pavone,V. The crystal structure of alpha-thrombin-hirunorm IV complex reveals a novel specificity site recognition mode Protein Sci (1999) 8, 91-95. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Mochalkin,I. and Tulinsky,A. Structures of thrombin retro-inhibited with SEL2711 and SEL2770 as they relate to factor Xa binding Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (1999) 55, 785-793. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
[YEAR:7-9-1999]Monteiro,R.Q., Raposo,J.G., Wisner,A., Guimaraes,J.A., Bon,C. and Zingali,R.B. Allosteric changes of thrombin catalytic site induced by interaction of bothrojaracin with anion-binding exosites I and II Biochem Biophys Res Commun (7-9-1999) 262, 819-822. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Narayanan,S. Multifunctional roles of thrombin Ann Clin Lab Sci (1999) 29, 275-280. PubMed Europe PubMed
Nguyen,M., Arkell,J. and Jackson,C.J. Thrombin rapidly and efficiently activates gelatinase A in human microvascular endothelial cells via a mechanism independent of active MT1 matrix metalloproteinase Lab Invest (1999) 79, 467-475. PubMed Europe PubMed
Petrovan,R.J., Rapaport,S.I. and Le,D.T. A novel clotting assay for quantitation of plasma prothrombin (factor II) using Echis multisquamatus venom Am J Clin Pathol (1999) 112, 705-711. PubMed Europe PubMed A
[YEAR:22-3-1999]Reiner,J.E., Lim-Wilby,M.S., Brunck,T.K., Ha-Uong,T., Goldman,E.A., Abelman,M.A., Nutt,R.F., Semple,J.E. and Tamura,S.Y. Investigation of the S3 site of thrombin: Design, synthesis and biological activity of 4-substituted 3-amino-2-pyridones incorporating P1-argininals Bioorg Med Chem Lett (22-3-1999) 9, 895-900. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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Sanderson,P.E. Small, noncovalent serine protease inhibitors Med Res Rev (1999) 19, 179-197. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V I
St Charles,R., Matthews,J.H., Zhang,E. and Tulinsky,A. Bound structures of novel P3-P1' beta-strand mimetic inhibitors of thrombin J Med Chem (1999) 42, 1376-1383. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Steinmetzer,T., Renatus,M., Kunzel,S., Eichinger,A., Bode,W., Wikstrom,P., Hauptmann,J. and Sturzebecher,J. Design and evaluation of novel bivalent thrombin inhibitors based on amidinophenylalanines Eur J Biochem (1999) 265, 598-605. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
[YEAR:15-5-1999]Yamada,D. and Morita,T. CA-1 method, a novel assay for quantification of normal prothrombin using a Ca2+-dependent prothrombin activator, carinactivase-1 Thromb Res (15-5-1999) 94, 221-226. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A

1998

Bone,R., Lu,T., Illig,C.R., Soll,R.M. and Spurlino,J.C. Structural analysis of thrombin complexed with potent inhibitors incorporating a phenyl group as a peptide mimetic and aminopyridines as guanidine substitutes J Med Chem (1998) 41, 2068-2075. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Conti,E., Rivetti,C., Wonacott,A. and Brick,P. X-ray and spectrophotometric studies of the binding of proflavin to the S1 specificity pocket of human alpha-thrombin FEBS Lett (1998) 425, 229-233. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
DiBella,E.E. and Scheraga,H.A. Thrombin specificity: Further evidence for the importance of the beta-insertion loop and Trp96. Implications of the hydrophobic interaction between Trp96 and Pro60B Pro60C for the activity of thrombin J Protein Chem (1998) 17, 197-208. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI P
Finkle,C.D., St Pierre,A., Leblond,L., Deschenes,I., DiMaio,J. and Winocour,P.D. BCH-2763, a novel potent parenteral thrombin inhibitor, is an effective antithrombotic agent in rodent models of arterial and venous thrombosis - comparisons with heparin, r-hirudin, hirulog, inogatran and argatroban Thromb Haemost (1998) 79, 431-438. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Kaiser,B., Callas,D., Walenga,J.M. and Fareed,J. Synthetic and recombinant antithrombin drugs Expert Opin Investig Drugs (1998) 7, 963-985. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Katz,B.A., Clark,J.M., Finer-Moore,J.S., Jenkins,T.E., Johnson,C.R., Ross,M.J., Luong,C., Moore,W.R. and Stroud,R.M. Design of potent selective zinc-mediated serine protease inhibitors Nature (1998) 391, 608-612. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Krishnan,R., Zhang,E., Hakansson,K., Arni,R.K., Tulinsky,A., Lim-Wilby,M.S., Levy,O.E., Semple,J.E. and Brunck,T.K. Highly selective mechanism-based thrombin inhibitors: structures of thrombin and trypsin inhibited with rigid peptidyl aldehydes Biochemistry (1998) 37, 12094-12103. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
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Nilsson,T., Sjoling-Ericksson,A. and Deinum,J. The mechanism of binding of low-molecular-weight active site inhibitors to human alpha-thrombin J Enzyme Inhib (1998) 13, 11-29. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Oh,Y.S., Yun,M., Hwang,S.Y., Hong,S., Shin,Y., Lee,K., Yoon,K.H., Yoo,Y.J., Kim,D.S., Lee,S.H., Lee,Y.H., Park,H.D., Lee,C.H., Lee,S.K. and Kim,S. Discovery of LB30057, a benzamidrazone-based selective oral thrombin inhibitor Bioorg Med Chem Lett (1998) 8, 631-634. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
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Weir,M.P., Bethell,S.S., Cleasby,A., Campbell,C.J., Dennis,R.J., Dix,C.J., Finch,H., Jhoti,H., Mooney,C.J., Patel,S., Tang,C.M., Ward,M., Wonacott,A.J. and Wharton,C.W. Novel natural product 5,5-trans-lactone inhibitors of human alpha-thrombin: mechanism of action and structural studies Biochemistry (1998) 37, 6645-6657. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Zheng,B., Clarke,J.B., Busby,W.H., Duan,C. and Clemmons,D.R. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 is cleaved by physiological concentrations of thrombin Endocrinology (1998) 139, 1708-1714. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

1997

Bode,W., Brandstetter,H., Mather,T. and Stubbs,M.T. Comparative analysis of haemostatic proteinases: structural aspects of thrombin, factor Xa, factor IXa and protein C Thromb Haemost (1997) 78, 501-511. PubMed Europe PubMed
Butenas,S., DiLorenzo,M.E. and Mann,K.G. Ultrasensitive fluorogenic substrates for serine proteases Thromb Haemost (1997) 78, 1193-1201. PubMed Europe PubMed A
Chirgadze,N.Y., Sall,D.J., Klimkowski,V.J., Clawson,D.K., Briggs,S.L., Hermann,R., Smith,G.F., Gifford-Moore,D.S. and Wery,J.P. The crystal structure of human alpha-thrombin complexed with LY178550, a nonpeptidyl, active site-directed inhibitor Protein Sci (1997) 6, 1412-1417. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S I
De Simone,G., Balliano,G., Milla,P., Gallina,C., Giordano,C., Tarricone,C., Rizzi,M., Bolognesi,M. and Ascenzi,P. Human alpha-thrombin inhibition by the highly selective compounds N-ethoxycarbonyl-D-Phe-Pro-alpha-azaLys p-nitrophenyl ester and N-carbobenzoxy-Pro-alpha-azaLys p-nitrophenyl ester: A kinetic, thermodynamic and x-ray crystallographic study J Mol Biol (1997) 269, 558-569. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Kato,T., Oda,A., Inagaki,Y., Ohashi,H., Matsumoto,A., Ozaki,K., Miyakawa,Y., Watarai,H., Fuju,K., Kokubo,A., Kadoya,T., Ikeda,Y. and Miyazaki,H. Thrombin cleaves recombinant human thrombopoietin: one of the proteolytic events that generates truncated forms of thrombopoietin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 94, 4669-4674. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Katoh,T., Tamaki,M., Kikuchi,N., Teraoka,H., Nagata,K. and Yoshida,N. Mutations within the reactive-site region of human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor confer alpha-thrombin and factor Xa inhibitory activities Biosci Biotechnol Biochem (1997) 61, 389-391. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Malkowski,M.G., Martin,P.D., Guzik,J.C. and Edwards,B.F. The co-crystal structure of unliganded bovine alpha-thrombin and prethrombin-2: Movement of the Tyr-Pro-Pro-Trp segment and active site residues upon ligand binding Protein Sci (1997) 6, 1438-1448. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Malkowski,M.G., Martin,P.D., Lord,S.T. and Edwards,B.F. Crystal structure of fibrinogen-Aalpha peptide 1-23 (F8Y) bound to bovine thrombin explains why the mutation of Phe-8 to tyrosine strongly inhibits normal cleavage at Arg-16 Biochem J (1997) 326, 815-822. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC S
Martin,P.D., Malkowski,M.G., Box,J., Esmon,C.T. and Edwards,B.F. New insights into the regulation of the blood clotting cascade derived from the X-ray crystal structure of bovine meizothrombin des F1 in complex with PPACK Structure (1997) 5, 1681-1693. PubMed Europe PubMed S I
[YEAR:8-8-1997]Morenweiser,R., Auerswald,E.A., van de Locht,A., Fritz,H., Sturzebecher,J. and Stubbs,M.T. Structure-based design of a potent chimeric thrombin inhibitor J Biol Chem (8-8-1997) 272, 19938-19942. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Rupin,A., Mennecier,P., Lila,C., de Nanteuil,G. and Verbeuren,T.J. Selection of S18326 as a new potent and selective boronic acid direct thrombin inhibitor Thromb Haemost (1997) 78, 1221-1227. PubMed Europe PubMed I
[YEAR:2-6-1997]van de Locht,A., Bode,W., Huber,R., le Bonniec,B.F., Stone,S.R., Esmon,C.T. and Stubbs,M.T. The thrombin E192Q-BPTI complex reveals gross structural rearrangements: implications for the interaction with antithrombin and thrombomodulin EMBO J (2-6-1997) 16, 2977-2984. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
von dem Borne,P.A., Mosnier,L.O., Tans,G., Meijers,J.C. and Bouma,B.N. Factor XI activation by meizothrombin: stimulation by phospholipid vesicles containing both phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine Thromb Haemost (1997) 78, 834-839. PubMed Europe PubMed
Zhang,E. and Tulinsky,A. The molecular environment of the Na+ binding site of thrombin Biophys Chem (1997) 63, 185-200. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S

1996

Broze,G.J., Jr. Thrombin-dependent inhibition of fibrinolysis Curr Opin Hematol (1996) 3, 390-394. PubMed Europe PubMed
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Edmunds,J.J. and Rapundalo,S.T. Chapter 6. Thrombin and factor Xa Inhibition Annu Rep Med Chem (1996) 31, 51-60. DOI I
Hackeng,T.M., Tans,G., Koppelman,S.J., DE Groot,P.G., Rosing,J. and Bouma,B.N. Protein C activation on endothelial cells by prothrombin activation products generated in situ: meizothrombin is a better protein C activator than alpha-thrombin Biochem J (1996) 319, 399-405. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC
Krishnan,R., Tulinsky,A., Vlasuk,G.P., Pearson,D., Vallar,P., Bergum,P., Brunck,T.K. and Ripka,W.C. Synthesis, structure, and structure-activity relationships of divalent thrombin inhibitors containing an alpha-keto-amide transition-state mimetic Protein Sci (1996) 5, 422-433. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S I
[YEAR:4-6-1996]le Bonniec,B.F., Myles,T., Johnson,T., Knight,C.G., Tapparelli,C. and Stone,S.R. Characterization of the P2' and P3' specificities of thrombin using fluorescence-quenched substrates and mapping of the subsites by mutagenesis Biochemistry (4-6-1996) 35, 7114-7122. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI A P
Malley,M.F., Tabernero,L., Chang,C.Y., Ohringer,S.L., Roberts,D.G., Das,J. and Sack,J.S. Crystallographic determination of the structures of human alpha-thrombin complexed with BMS-186282 and BMS-189090 Protein Sci (1996) 5, 221-228. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S I
Matthews,J.H., Krishnan,R., Costanzo,M.J., Maryanoff,B.E. and Tulinsky,A. Crystal structures of thrombin with thiazole-containing inhibitors: probes of the S1' binding site Biophys J (1996) 71, 2830-2839. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S
Nardini,M., Pesce,A., Rizzi,M., Casale,E., Ferraccioli,R., Balliano,G., Milla,P., Ascenzi,P. and Bolognesi,M. Human alpha-thrombin inhibition by the active site titrant N alpha-(N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl)-alpha-azalysine p-nitrophenyl ester: a comparative kinetic and X-ray crystallographic study J Mol Biol (1996) 258, 851-859. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
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1995

[YEAR:10-9-1995]Chen,Z., Li,Y., Mulichak,A.M., Lewis,S.D. and Shafer,J.A. Crystal structure of human alpha-thrombin complexed with hirugen and p-amidinophenylpyruvate at 1.6 A resolution Arch Biochem Biophys (10-9-1995) 322, 198-203. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
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[YEAR:22-9-1995]Di Cera,E., Guinto,E.R., Vindigni,A., Dang,Q.D., Ayala,Y.M., Wuyi,M. and Tulinsky,A. The Na+ binding site of thrombin J Biol Chem (22-9-1995) 270, 22089-22092. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
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[YEAR:23-11-1995]Gibbs,C.S., Coutre,S.E., Tsiang,M., Li,W.X., Jain,A.K., Dunn,K.E., Law,V.S., Mao,C.T., Matsumura,S.Y. and Mejza,S.J. Conversion of thrombin into an anticoagulant by protein engineering Nature (23-11-1995) 378, 413-416. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Han,W.T., Trehan,A.K., Wright,J.J., Federici,M.E., Seiler,S.M. and Meanwell,N.A. Azetidin-2-one derivatives as inhibitors of thrombin Bioorg Med Chem (1995) 3, 1123-1143. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Mathews,I.I. and Tulinsky,A. Active-site mimetic inhibition of thrombin Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (1995) 51, 550-559. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Matsuzaki,T., Umeyama,H. and Kikumoto,R. Mechanisms of the selective inhibition of thrombin, factor Xa, plasmin and trypsin Pharmacochem Libr (1995) 23, 83-95. DOI S I
Nishida,S., Fujita,T., Kohno,N., Atoda,H., Morita,T., Takeya,H., Kido,I., Paine,M.J., Kawabata,S. and Iwanaga,S. cDNA cloning and deduced amino acid sequence of prothrombin activator (ecarin) from Kenyan Echis carinatus venom Biochemistry (1995) 34, 1771-1778. PubMed Europe PubMed
Rehse,P.H., Steinmetzer,T., Li,Y., Konishi,Y. and Cygler,M. Crystal structure of a peptidyl pyridinium methyl ketone inhibitor with thrombin Biochemistry (1995) 34, 11537-11544. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
Tabernero,L., Chang,C.Y., Ohringer,S.L., Lau,W.F., Iwanowicz,E.J., Han,W.C., Wang,T.C., Seiler,S.M., Roberts,D.G. and Sack,J.S. Structure of a retro-binding peptide inhibitor complexed with human alpha-thrombin J Mol Biol (1995) 246, 14-20. PubMed Europe PubMed S I
[YEAR:14-7-1995]Tsiang,M., Jain,A.K., Dunn,K.E., Rojas,M.E., Leung,L.L. and Gibbs,C.S. Functional mapping of the surface residues of human thrombin J Biol Chem (14-7-1995) 270, 16854-16863. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Weber,P.C., Lee,S.L., Lewandowski,F.A., Schadt,M.C., Chang,C.W. and Kettner,C.A. Kinetic and crystallographic studies of thrombin with Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroArg-OH and its lysine, amidine, homolysine, and ornithine analogs Biochemistry (1995) 34, 3750-3757. PubMed Europe PubMed S I

1994

[YEAR:14-1-1994]Gan,Z.R., Li,Y., Chen,Z., Lewis,S.D. and Shafer,J.A. Identification of basic amino acid residues in thrombin essential for heparin-catalyzed inactivation by antithrombin III J Biol Chem (14-1-1994) 269, 1301-1305. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:5-4-1994]le Bonniec,B.F., Betz,A., Guinto,E.R., Esmon,C.T. and Stone,S.R. Mapping of the thrombin des-ETW conformation by using site-directed mutants of hirudin. Evidence for the induction of nonlocal modifications by mutagenesis Biochemistry (5-4-1994) 33, 3959-3966. PubMed Europe PubMed
Mathews,I.I., Padmanabhan,K.P., Ganesh,V., Tulinsky,A., Ishii,M., Chen,J., Turck,C.W., Coughlin,S.R. and Fenton,J.W. Crystallographic structures of thrombin complexed with thrombin receptor peptides: existence of expected and novel binding modes Biochemistry (1994) 33, 3266-3279. PubMed Europe PubMed S
[YEAR:15-7-1994]Nauland,U. and Rijken,D.C. Activation of thrombin-inactivated single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator by dipeptidyl peptidase I (cathepsin C) Eur J Biochem (15-7-1994) 223, 497-501. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:13-12-1994]Parry,M.A., Maraganore,J.M. and Stone,S.R. Kinetic mechanism for the interaction of Hirulog with thrombin Biochemistry (13-12-1994) 33, 14807-14814. PubMed Europe PubMed
Rydel,T.J., Yin,M., Padmanabhan,K.P., Blankenship,D.T., Cardin,A.D., Correa,P.E., Fenton,J.W. and Tulinsky,A. Crystallographic structure of human gamma-thrombin J Biol Chem (1994) 269, 22000-22006. PubMed Europe PubMed S
Stubbs,M.T. and Bode,W. Crystal structures of thrombin and thrombin complexes as a framework for antithrombotic drug design Perspect Drug Discov Design (1994) 1, 431-452. DOI S
Vijayalakshmi,J., Padmanabhan,K.P., Mann,K.G. and Tulinsky,A. The isomorphous structures of prethrombin2, hirugen-, and PPACK-thrombin: changes accompanying activation and exosite binding to thrombin Protein Sci (1994) 3, 2254-2271. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S I

1993

Carson,S.D. and Brozna,J.P. The role of tissue factor in the production of thrombin Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis (1993) 4, 281-292. PubMed Europe PubMed
Krishnaswamy,S., Nesheim,M.E., Pryzdial,E.L. and Mann,K.G. Assembly of prothrombinase complex Methods Enzymol (1993) 222, 260-280. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
[YEAR:5-9-1993]le Bonniec,B.F., Guinto,E.R., MacGillivray,R.T., Stone,S.R. and Esmon,C.T. The role of thrombin's Tyr-Pro-Pro-Trp motif in the interaction with fibrinogen, thrombomodulin, protein C, antithrombin III, and the Kunitz inhibitors J Biol Chem (5-9-1993) 268, 19055-19061. PubMed Europe PubMed
Lim,M.S., Johnston,E.R. and Kettner,C.A. The solution conformation of (D)Phe-Pro-containing peptides: implications on the activity of Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroArg-OH, a potent thrombin inhibitor J Med Chem (1993) 36, 1831-1838. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Maryanoff,B.E., Qiu,X., Padmanabhan,K.P., Tulinsky,A., Almond,H.R., Jr., Andrade-Gordon,P., Greco,M.N., Kauffman,J.A., Nicolaou,K.C. and Liu,A. Molecular basis for the inhibition of human alpha-thrombin by the macrocyclic peptide cyclotheonamide A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 90, 8048-8052. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC S I
Okamoto,S. and Hijikata-Okunomiya,A. Synthetic selective inhibitors of thrombin Methods Enzymol (1993) 222, 328-340. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:25-8-1993]Padmanabhan,K., Padmanabhan,K.P., Ferrara,J.D., Sadler,J.E. and Tulinsky,A. The structure of alpha-thrombin inhibited by a 15-mer single-stranded DNA aptamer J Biol Chem (25-8-1993) 268, 17651-17654. PubMed Europe PubMed S I
Priestle,J.P., Rahuel,J., Rink,H., Tones,M. and Grutter,M.G. Changes in interactions in complexes of hirudin derivatives and human alpha-thrombin due to different crystal forms Protein Sci (1993) 2, 1630-1642. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC
Qiu,X., Yin,M., Padmanabhan,K.P., Krstenansky,J.L. and Tulinsky,A. Structures of thrombin complexes with a designed and a natural exosite peptide inhibitor J Biol Chem (1993) 268, 20318-20326. PubMed Europe PubMed S I
[YEAR:15-2-1993]Sheehan,J.P., Wu,Q., Tollefsen,D.M. and Sadler,J.E. Mutagenesis of thrombin selectively modulates inhibition by serpins heparin cofactor II and antithrombin III. Interaction with the anion-binding exosite determines heparin cofactor II specificity J Biol Chem (15-2-1993) 268, 3639-3645. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:25-10-1993]Shimomura,T., Kondo,J., Ochiai,M., Naka,D., Miyazawa,K., Morimoto,Y. and Kitamura,N. Activation of the zymogen of hepatocyte growth factor activator by thrombin J Biol Chem (25-10-1993) 268, 22927-22932. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:1-1-1993]Stubbs,M.T. and Bode,W. A player of many parts: the spotlight falls on thrombin's structure Thromb Res (1-1-1993) 69, 1-58. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V S
Zdanov,A., Wu,S., DiMaio,J., Konishi,Y., Li,Y., Wu,X., Edwards,B.F., Martin,P.D. and Cygler,M. Crystal structure of the complex of human alpha-thrombin and nonhydrolyzable bifunctional inhibitors, hirutonin-2 and hirutonin-6 Proteins (1993) 17, 252-265. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I

1992

Bode,W., Turk,D. and Karshikov,A. The refined 1.9-A X-ray crystal structure of D-Phe-Pro-Arg chloromethylketone-inhibited human alpha-thrombin: structure analysis, overall structure, electrostatic properties, detailed active-site geometry, and structure-function relationships Protein Sci (1992) 1, 426-471. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC S I
[YEAR:20-8-1992]Brandstetter,H., Turk,D., Hoeffken,H.W., Grosse,D., Sturzebecher,J., Martin,P.D., Edwards,B.F. and Bode,W. Refined 2.3 A X-ray crystal structure of bovine thrombin complexes formed with the benzamidine and arginine-based thrombin inhibitors NAPAP, 4-TAPAP and MQPA. A starting point for improving antithrombotics J Mol Biol (20-8-1992) 226, 1085-1099. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
[YEAR:3-8-1992]Falkner,F.G., Turecek,P.L., MacGillivray,R.T., Bodemer,W., Scheiflinger,F., Kandels,S., Mitterer,A., Kistner,O., Barrett,N. and Eibl,J. High level expression of active human prothrombin in a vaccinia virus expression system Thromb Haemost (3-8-1992) 68, 119-124. PubMed Europe PubMed
Fenton,J.W. Leeches to hirulogs and other thrombin-directed antithrombotics Hematol Oncol Clin North Am (1992) 6, 1121-1129. PubMed Europe PubMed V
[YEAR:25-9-1992]le Bonniec,B.F., Guinto,E.R. and Esmon,C.T. Interaction of thrombin des-ETW with antithrombin III, the Kunitz inhibitors, thrombomodulin and protein C. Structural link between the autolysis loop and the Tyr-Pro-Pro-Trp insertion of thrombin J Biol Chem (25-9-1992) 267, 19341-19348. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:15-4-1992]Martin,P.D., Robertson,W., Turk,D., Huber,R., Bode,W. and Edwards,B.F. The structure of residues 7-16 of the A alpha-chain of human fibrinogen bound to bovine thrombin at 2.3-A resolution J Biol Chem (15-4-1992) 267, 7911-7920. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:1-5-1992]Ofosu,F.A., Fenton,J.W., Maraganore,J., Blajchman,M.A., Yang,X., Smith,L., Anvari,N., Buchanan,M.R. and Hirsh,J. Inhibition of the amplification reactions of blood coagulation by site-specific inhibitors of alpha-thrombin Biochem J (1-5-1992) 283, 893-897. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC
Rosing,J. and Tans,G. Structural and functional properties of snake venom prothrombin activators Toxicon (1992) 30, 1515-1527. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
[YEAR:15-5-1992]Stubbs,M.T., Oschkinat,H., Mayr,I., Huber,R., Angliker,H., Stone,S.R. and Bode,W. The interaction of thrombin with fibrinogen. A structural basis for its specificity Eur J Biochem (15-5-1992) 206, 187-195. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Szyperski,T., Guntert,P., Stone,S.R., Tulinsky,A., Bode,W., Huber,R. and Wuthrich,K. Impact of protein-protein contacts on the conformation of thrombin-bound hirudin studied by comparison with the nuclear magnetic resonance solution structure of hirudin(1-51) J Mol Biol (1992) 228, 1206-1211. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
[YEAR:1-12-1992]Wells,C.M. and Di Cera,E. Thrombin is a Na(+)-activated enzyme Biochemistry (1-12-1992) 31, 11721-11730. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:1-5-1992]Witting,J.I., Bourdon,P., Brezniak,D.V., Maraganore,J.M. and Fenton,J.W. Thrombin-specific inhibition by and slow cleavage of hirulog-1 Biochem J (1-5-1992) 283, 737-743. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC

1991

[YEAR:15-8-1991]le Bonniec,B.F. and Esmon,C.T. Glu-192 - - Gln substitution in thrombin mimics the catalytic switch induced by thrombomodulin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (15-8-1991) 88, 7371-7375. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC
Rosing,J. and Tans,G. Inventory of exogenous prothrombin activators. For the Subcommittee on Nomenclature of Exogenous Hemostatic Factors of the Scientific and Standardization Committee of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Thromb Haemost (1991) 65, 627-630. PubMed Europe PubMed
Rydel,T.J., Tulinsky,A., Bode,W. and Huber,R. Refined structure of the hirudin-thrombin complex J Mol Biol (1991) 221, 583-601. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S
Skrzypczak-Jankun,E., Carperos,V.E., Ravichandran,K.G., Tulinsky,A., Westbrook,M. and Maraganore,J.M. Structure of the hirugen and hirulog 1 complexes of alpha-thrombin J Mol Biol (1991) 221, 1379-1393. PubMed Europe PubMed S
[YEAR:5-8-1991]Turk,D., Sturzebecher,J. and Bode,W. Geometry of binding of the N alpha-tosylated piperidides of m-amidino-, p-amidino- and p-guanidino phenylalanine to thrombin and trypsin. X-ray crystal structures of their trypsin complexes and modeling of their thrombin complexes FEBS Lett (5-8-1991) 287, 133-138. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
[YEAR:1-8-1991]Wu,Q.Y., Sheehan,J.P., Tsiang,M., Lentz,S.R., Birktoft,J.J. and Sadler,J.E. Single amino acid substitutions dissociate fibrinogen-clotting and thrombomodulin-binding activities of human thrombin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1-8-1991) 88, 6775-6779. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI PMC EPMC

1990

[YEAR:5-10-1990]Bode,W., Turk,D. and Sturzebecher,J. Geometry of binding of the benzamidine- and arginine-based inhibitors N alpha-(2-naphthyl-sulphonyl-glycyl)-DL-p-amidinophenylalanyl-piperidine (NAPAP) and (2R,4R)-4-methyl-1-[N alpha-(3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-8- quinolinesulphonyl)-L-arginyl]-2-piperidine carboxylic acid (MQPA) to human alpha-thrombin. X-ray crystallographic determination of the NAPAP-trypsin complex and modeling of NAPAP-thrombin and MQPA-thrombin Eur J Biochem (5-10-1990) 193, 175-182. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI S I
[YEAR:15-5-1990]Greco,N.J., Tenner,T.E., Jr., Tandon,N.N. and Jamieson,G.A. PPACK-thrombin inhibits thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and cytoplasmic acidification but does not inhibit platelet shape change Blood (15-5-1990) 75, 1989-1990. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Grutter,M.G., Priestle,J.P., Rahuel,J., Grossenbacher,H., Bode,W., Hofsteenge,J. and Stone,S.R. Crystal structure of the thrombin-hirudin complex: a novel mode of serine protease inhibition EMBO J (1990) 9, 2361-2365. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC S
Rydel,T.J., Ravichandran,K.G., Tulinsky,A., Bode,W., Huber,R., Roitsch,C. and Fenton,J.W. The structure of a complex of recombinant hirudin and human alpha-thrombin Science (1990) 249, 277-280. PubMed Europe PubMed S

1989

Bode,W., Mayr,I., Baumann,U., Huber,R., Stone,S.R. and Hofsteenge,J. The refined 1.9 A crystal structure of human alpha-thrombin: interaction with D-Phe-Pro-Arg chloromethylketone and significance of the Tyr-Pro-Pro-Trp insertion segment EMBO J (1989) 8, 3467-3475. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC S I

1988

[YEAR:22-3-1988]Hofsteenge,J., Braun,P.J. and Stone,S.R. Enzymatic properties of proteolytic derivatives of human alpha-thrombin Biochemistry (22-3-1988) 27, 2144-2151. PubMed Europe PubMed
Stuber,W., Kosina,H. and Heimburger,N. Synthesis of a tripeptide with a C-terminal nitrile moiety and the inhibition of proteinases Int J Pept Protein Res (1988) 31, 63-70. PubMed Europe PubMed I

1987

Brower,M.S., Walz,D.A., Garry,K.E. and Fenton,J.W. Human neutrophil elastase alters human alpha-thrombin function: limited proteolysis near the gamma-cleavage site results in decreased fibrinogen clotting and platelet-stimulatory activity Blood (1987) 69, 813-819. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:22-9-1987]Degen,S.J. and Davie,E.W. Nucleotide sequence of the gene for human prothrombin Biochemistry (22-9-1987) 26, 6165-6177. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:5-3-1987]Krishnaswamy,S., Church,W.R., Nesheim,M.E. and Mann,K.G. Activation of human prothrombin by human prothrombinase. Influence of factor Va on the reaction mechanism J Biol Chem (5-3-1987) 262, 3291-3299. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:28-7-1987]Stone,S.R., Braun,P.J. and Hofsteenge,J. Identification of regions of alpha-thrombin involved in its interaction with hirudin Biochemistry (28-7-1987) 26, 4617-4624. PubMed Europe PubMed

1986

[YEAR:1-7-1986]Hofsteenge,J., Taguchi,H. and Stone,S.R. Effect of thrombomodulin on the kinetics of the interaction of thrombin with substrates and inhibitors Biochem J (1-7-1986) 237, 243-251. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC

1985

Kisiel,W., Smith,K.J. and McMullen,B.A. Proteolytic inactivation of blood coagulation factor IX by thrombin Blood (1985) 66, 1302-1308. PubMed Europe PubMed

1984

[YEAR:10-5-1984]Boissel,J.P., Le Bonniec,B., Rabiet,M.J., Labie,D. and Elion,J. Covalent structures of beta and gamma autolytic derivatives of human alpha-thrombin J Biol Chem (10-5-1984) 259, 5691-5697. PubMed Europe PubMed
Cho,K., Tanaka,T., Cook,R.R., Kisiel,W., Fujikawa,K., Kurachi,K. and Powers,J.C. Active-site mapping of bovine and human blood coagulation serine proteases using synthetic peptide 4-nitroanilide and thio ester substrates Biochemistry (1984) 23, 644-650. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:3-1-1984]Kikumoto,R., Tamao,Y., Tezuka,T., Tonomura,S., Hara,H., Ninomiya,K., Hijikata,A. and Okamoto,S. Selective inhibition of thrombin by (2R,4R)-4-methyl-1-[N2-[(3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-8-quinolinyl++ +) sulfonyl]-l-arginyl)]-2-piperidinecarboxylic acid Biochemistry (3-1-1984) 23, 85-90. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
[YEAR:1-6-1984]Lijnen,H.R., Uytterhoeven,M. and Collen,D. Inhibition of trypsin-like serine proteinases by tripeptide arginyl and lysyl chloromethylketones Thromb Res (1-6-1984) 34, 431-437. PubMed Europe PubMed I
[YEAR:15-2-1984]Rosenfeld,L. and Danishefsky,I. Effects of enzymatic deglycosylation on the biological activities of human thrombin and antithrombin Arch Biochem Biophys (15-2-1984) 229, 359-367. PubMed Europe PubMed

1983

[YEAR:26-4-1983]Degen,S.J., MacGillivray,R.T. and Davie,E.W. Characterization of the complementary deoxyribonucleic acid and gene coding for human prothrombin Biochemistry (26-4-1983) 22, 2087-2097. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:15-2-1983]Lottenberg,R., Hall,J.A., Blinder,M., Binder,E.P. and Jackson,C.M. The action of thrombin on peptide p-nitroanilide substrates. Substrate selectivity and examination of hydrolysis under different reaction conditions Biochim Biophys Acta (15-2-1983) 742, 539-557. PubMed Europe PubMed

1981

Fenton,J.W. Thrombin specificity Ann N Y Acad Sci (1981) 370, 468-495. PubMed Europe PubMed
Mann,K.G., Elion,J., Butkowski,R.J., Downing,M. and Nesheim,M.E. Prothrombin Methods Enzymol (1981) 80, 286-302. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
McRae,B.J., Kurachi,K., Heimark,R.L., Fujikawa,K., Davie,E.W. and Powers,J.C. Mapping the active sites of bovine thrombin, factor IXa, factor Xa, factor XIa, factor XIIa, plasma kallikrein, and trypsin with amino acid and peptide thioesters: development of new sensitive substrates Biochemistry (1981) 20, 7196-7206. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:30-7-1981]Okamoto,S., Hijikata,A., Kikumoto,R., Tonomura,S., Hara,H., Ninomiya,K., Maruyama,A., Sugano,M. and Tamao,Y. Potent inhibition of thrombin by the newly synthesized arginine derivative No. 805. The importance of stereo-structure of its hydrophobic carboxamide portion Biochem Biophys Res Commun (30-7-1981) 101, 440-446. PubMed Europe PubMed I

1980

Jackson,C.M. and Nemerson,Y. Blood coagulation Annu Rev Biochem (1980) 49, 765-811. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI
Okamoto,S., Kinjo,K., Hijikata,A., Kikumoto,R., Tamao,Y., Ohkubo,K. and Tonomura,S. Thrombin inhibitors. 1. Ester derivatives of N alpha-(arylsulfonyl)-L-arginine J Med Chem (1980) 23, 827-830. PubMed Europe PubMed I

1979

Davie,E.W., Fujikawa,K., Kurachi,K. and Kisiel,W. The role of serine proteases in the blood coagulation cascade Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol (1979) 48, 277-318. PubMed Europe PubMed
Kettner,C. and Shaw,E. D-Phe-Pro-ArgCH2Cl - a selective affinity label for thrombin Thromb Res (1979) 14, 969-973. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Saito,H., Goldsmith,G.H., Moroi,M. and Aoki,N. Inhibitory spectrum of alpha2-plasmin inhibitor Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1979) 76, 2013-2017. PubMed Europe PubMed PMC EPMC

1978

Kirchhof,B.R., Vermeer,C. and Hemker,H.C. The determination of prothrombin using synthetic chromogenic substrates; choice of a suitable activator Thromb Res (1978) 13, 219-232. PubMed Europe PubMed
Machovich,R., Staub,M. and Patthy,L. Decreased heparin sensitivity of cycholhexanedione-modified thrombin Eur J Biochem (1978) 83, 473-477. PubMed Europe PubMed

1977

Fenton,J.W., Fasco,M.J., Stackrow,A.B., Aronson,D.L., Young,A.M. and Finlayson,J.S. Human thrombins. Production, evaluation, and properties of alpha-thrombin J Biol Chem (1977) 252, 3587-3598. PubMed Europe PubMed U
Morita,T., Kato,H., Iwanaga,S., Takada,K., Kimura,T. and Sakakibara,S. New fluorogenic substrates for alpha-thrombin, factor Xa, kallikreins, and urokinase J Biochem (1977) 82, 1495-1498. PubMed Europe PubMed A
Suttie,J.W. and Jackson,C.M. Prothrombin structure, activation, and biosynthesis Physiol Rev (1977) 57, 1-70. PubMed Europe PubMed
[YEAR:13-10-1977]Tamura,Y., Hirado,M., Okamura,K., Minato,Y. and Fujii,S. Synthetic inhibitors of trypsin, plasmin, kallikrein, thrombin, C1r, and C1 esterase Biochim Biophys Acta (13-10-1977) 484, 417-422. PubMed Europe PubMed I

1976

Geratz,J.D., Cheng,M.C. and Tidwell,R.R. Novel bis(benzamidino) compounds with an aromatic central link. Inhibitors of thrombin, pancreatic kallikrein, trypsin, and complement J Med Chem (1976) 19, 634-639. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Lundblad,R.L., Kingdon,H.S. and Mann,K.G. Thrombin Methods Enzymol (1976) 45, 156-176. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
Mann,K.G. Prothrombin Methods Enzymol (1976) 45, 123-156. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI V
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1975

Geratz,J.D., Mar,E.C., Loeffler,L.J. and Fox,L.B. Synthesis of isosteres of p-amidinophenylpyruvic acid. Inhibitors of trypsin, thrombin and pancreatic kallikrein J Med Chem (1975) 18, 287-292. PubMed Europe PubMed I

1974

Takagi,T. and Doolittle,R.F. Amino acid sequence studies on factor XIII and the peptide released during its activation by thrombin Biochemistry (1974) 13, 750-756. PubMed Europe PubMed

1973

Coats,E.A. Comparative inhibition of thrombin, plasmin, trypsin, and complement by benzamidines using substituent constants and regression analysis J Med Chem (1973) 16, 1102-1106. PubMed Europe PubMed I

1972

Schmer,G. The purification of bovine thrombin by affinity chromatography on benzamidine-agarose Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem (1972) 353, 810-814. PubMed Europe PubMed I
Tsernoglou,D., Walz,D.A., McCoy,L.E. and Seegers,W.H. A new thrombin: purification, amino acid composition and crystallization Thromb Res (1972) 1, 533-537.

1971

[YEAR:22-6-1971]Lundblad,R.L. A rapid method for the purification of bovine thrombin and the inhibition of the purified enzyme wtih phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride Biochemistry (22-6-1971) 10, 2501-2506. PubMed Europe PubMed I
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1970

Baughman,D.J. Thrombin assay Methods Enzymol (1970) 19, 145-157. DOI A
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1969

Chase,T., Jr. and Shaw,E. Comparison of the esterase activities of trypsin, plasmin, and thrombin on guanidinobenzoate esters. Titration of the enzymes Biochemistry (1969) 8, 2212-2224. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI I
Mann,K.G. and Batt,C.W. The molecular weights of bovine thrombin and its primary autolysis products J Biol Chem (1969) 244, 6555-6557. PubMed Europe PubMed

1965

Kezdy,F.J., Lorand,L. and Miller,K.D. Titration of active centers in thrombin solutions: standardization of the enzyme Biochemistry (1965) 4, 2302-2308.
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1959

Hummel,B.C. A modified spectrophotometric determination of chymotrypsin, trypsin, and thrombin Can J Biochem Physiol (1959) 37, 1393-1399. PubMed Europe PubMed A
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1958

Gladner,J.A. and Laki,K. The active site of thrombin J Am Chem Soc (1958) 80, 1263-1264.

1957

Ehrenpreis,S., Leach,S.J. and Scheraga,H.A. Action of thrombin on lysine substrates J Am Chem Soc (1957) 79, 6086-6087.
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1954

Tinoco,I., Jr. and Ferry,J.D. The site of attack by thrombin on fibrinogen J Am Chem Soc (1954) 76, 5573-5574.

1952

Bettelheim,F.R. and Bailey,K. The products of the action of thrombin on fibrinogen Biochim Biophys Acta (1952) 9, 578-579. PubMed Europe PubMed

1951

Bailey,K., Bettelheim,F.R., Lorand,L. and Middlebrook,W.R. Action of thrombin in the clotting of fibrinogen Nature (1951) 167, 233-234. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI

1941

Astrup,T. and Darling,S. Preparation and purification of thrombin Acta Physiol Scand (1941) 2, 22-40. DOI

1934

Strughold,H. and Wohlisch,E. Ist das Thrombin ein proteolytisches Ferment? HOPPE-SEYLERS'S Z PHYSIOL CHEM (1934) 223, 267-280. DOI

1913

Collingwood,B.J. and MacMahon,M.T. The nature of thrombin and anti-thrombin J Physiol (1913) 47, 44-53. PubMed Europe PubMed DOI