spacer
spacer

PDBsum entry 2pol
Go to PDB code: 
protein Protein-protein interface(s) links
Nucleotidyltransferase PDB id
2pol

 

 

 

 

Loading ...

 
JSmol PyMol  
Contents
Protein chains
366 a.a. *
Waters ×150
* Residue conservation analysis
PDB id:
2pol
Name: Nucleotidyltransferase
Title: Three-dimensional structure of the beta subunit of escherichia coli DNA polymerase iii holoenzyme: a sliding DNA clamp
Structure: DNA polymerase iii (beta subunit). Chain: a, b. Engineered: yes
Source: Escherichia coli. Organism_taxid: 562. Gene: pol.
Biol. unit: Dimer (from PQS)
Resolution:
2.50Å     R-factor:   0.184    
Authors: X.-P.Kong,J.Kuriyan
Key ref: X.P.Kong et al. (1992). Three-dimensional structure of the beta subunit of E. coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme: a sliding DNA clamp. Cell, 69, 425-437. PubMed id: 1349852 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90445-I
Date:
13-Nov-92     Release date:   31-Jan-94    
PROCHECK
Go to PROCHECK summary
 Headers
 References

Protein chains
Pfam   ArchSchema ?
P0A988  (DPO3B_ECOLI) -  Beta sliding clamp from Escherichia coli (strain K12)
Seq:
Struc: 		366 a.a.
366 a.a.
Key:    PfamA domain  Secondary structure  CATH domain

 Enzyme reactions 
   Enzyme class: E.C.2.7.7.7  - DNA-directed Dna polymerase.
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
      Reaction: DNA(n) + a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate = DNA(n+1) + diphosphate
DNA(n)
 + 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate
 = DNA(n+1)
 + diphosphate
Molecule diagrams generated from .mol files obtained from the KEGG ftp site

 

 
    Added reference    
 
 
DOI no: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90445-I Cell 69:425-437 (1992)
PubMed id: 1349852  
 
 
Three-dimensional structure of the beta subunit of E. coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme: a sliding DNA clamp.
X.P.Kong, R.Onrust, M.O'Donnell, J.Kuriyan.
 
  ABSTRACT  
 
The crystal structure of the beta subunit (processivity factor) of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme has been determined at 2.5 A resolution. A dimer of the beta subunit (M(r) = 2 x 40.6 kd, 2 x 366 amino acid residues) forms a ring-shaped structure lined by 12 alpha helices that can encircle duplex DNA. The structure is highly symmetrical, with each monomer containing three domains of identical topology. The charge distribution and orientation of the helices indicate that the molecule functions by forming a tight clamp that can slide on DNA, as shown biochemically. A potential structural relationship is suggested between the beta subunit and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, the processivity factor), and the gene 45 protein of the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase.
 

Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference

  PubMed id Reference
21364740 A.De Biasio, R.Sánchez, J.Prieto, M.Villate, R.Campos-Olivas, and F.J.Blanco (2011).
Reduced Stability and Increased Dynamics in the Human Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) Relative to the Yeast Homolog.
  PLoS One, 6, e16600.  
21219462 L.Johnsen, I.Flåtten, Morigen, B.Dalhus, M.Bjørås, T.Waldminghaus, and K.Skarstad (2011).
The G157C mutation in the Escherichia coli sliding clamp specifically affects initiation of replication.
  Mol Microbiol, 79, 433-446.
PDB code: 2xur
21377475 P.Xie (2011).
A model for the dynamics of mammalian family X DNA polymerases.
  J Theor Biol, 277, 111-122.  
21205014 S.T.Yano, and L.B.Rothman-Denes (2011).
A phage-encoded inhibitor of Escherichia coli DNA replication targets the DNA polymerase clamp loader.
  Mol Microbiol, 79, 1325-1338.  
21169293 W.Strzalka, and A.Ziemienowicz (2011).
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA): a key factor in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation.
  Ann Bot, 107, 1127-1140.  
21170359 A.Costes, F.Lecointe, S.McGovern, S.Quevillon-Cheruel, and P.Polard (2010).
The C-terminal domain of the bacterial SSB protein acts as a DNA maintenance hub at active chromosome replication forks.
  PLoS Genet, 6, e1001238.  
20713735 A.Pluciennik, L.Dzantiev, R.R.Iyer, N.Constantin, F.A.Kadyrov, and P.Modrich (2010).
PCNA function in the activation and strand direction of MutLα endonuclease in mismatch repair.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107, 16066-16071.  
20711472 A.Politis, A.Y.Park, S.J.Hyung, D.Barsky, B.T.Ruotolo, and C.V.Robinson (2010).
Integrating ion mobility mass spectrometry with molecular modelling to determine the architecture of multiprotein complexes.
  PLoS One, 5, e12080.  
20976344 D.Schilter, T.Urathamakul, J.L.Beck, M.M.Harding, and L.M.Rendina (2010).
ESI-MS and thermal melting studies of nanoscale platinum(II) metallomacrocycles with DNA.
  Dalton Trans, 39, 11263-11271.  
20525790 G.S.Briggs, J.Yu, A.A.Mahdi, and R.G.Lloyd (2010).
The RdgC protein employs a novel mechanism involving a finger domain to bind to circular DNA.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 38, 6433-6446.  
19540941 M.D.Sutton (2010).
Coordinating DNA polymerase traffic during high and low fidelity synthesis.
  Biochim Biophys Acta, 1804, 1167-1179.  
20453097 N.M.Dupes, B.W.Walsh, A.D.Klocko, J.S.Lenhart, H.L.Peterson, D.A.Gessert, C.E.Pavlick, and L.A.Simmons (2010).
Mutations in the Bacillus subtilis beta clamp that separate its roles in DNA replication from mismatch repair.
  J Bacteriol, 192, 3452-3463.  
20113510 R.McNally, G.D.Bowman, E.R.Goedken, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2010).
Analysis of the role of PCNA-DNA contacts during clamp loading.
  BMC Struct Biol, 10, 3.
PDB code: 3k4x
20129942 S.Sugiman-Marangos, and M.S.Junop (2010).
The structure of DdrB from Deinococcus: a new fold for single-stranded DNA binding proteins.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 38, 3432-3440.
PDB code: 3kdv
19858216 Y.S.Lee, S.Lee, B.Demeler, I.J.Molineux, K.A.Johnson, and Y.W.Yin (2010).
Each monomer of the dimeric accessory protein for human mitochondrial DNA polymerase has a distinct role in conferring processivity.
  J Biol Chem, 285, 1490-1499.  
19576301 Z.Zhuang, and Y.Ai (2010).
Processivity factor of DNA polymerase and its expanding role in normal and translesion DNA synthesis.
  Biochim Biophys Acta, 1804, 1081-1093.  
19783657 A.Pluciennik, V.Burdett, O.Lukianova, M.O'Donnell, and P.Modrich (2009).
Involvement of the beta clamp in methyl-directed mismatch repair in vitro.
  J Biol Chem, 284, 32782-32791.  
19446481 A.S.Doré, M.L.Kilkenny, N.J.Rzechorzek, and L.H.Pearl (2009).
Crystal structure of the rad9-rad1-hus1 DNA damage checkpoint complex--implications for clamp loading and regulation.
  Mol Cell, 34, 735-745.
PDB code: 3g65
19881914 F.J.López de Saro (2009).
Regulation of interactions with sliding clamps during DNA replication and repair.
  Curr Genomics, 10, 206-215.  
19759003 J.A.Thompson, C.O.Paschall, M.O'Donnell, and L.B.Bloom (2009).
A slow ATP-induced conformational change limits the rate of DNA binding but not the rate of beta clamp binding by the escherichia coli gamma complex clamp loader.
  J Biol Chem, 284, 32147-32157.  
19698123 J.A.Winter, P.Christofi, S.Morroll, and K.A.Bunting (2009).
The crystal structure of Haloferax volcanii proliferating cell nuclear antigen reveals unique surface charge characteristics due to halophilic adaptation.
  BMC Struct Biol, 9, 55.
PDB code: 3ifv
19759157 J.L.Baltz, D.J.Filman, M.Ciustea, J.E.Silverman, C.L.Lautenschlager, D.M.Coen, R.P.Ricciardi, and J.M.Hogle (2009).
The crystal structure of PF-8, the DNA polymerase accessory subunit from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
  J Virol, 83, 12215-12228.
PDB codes: 3hsl 3i2m
19361435 J.M.Heltzel, S.K.Scouten Ponticelli, L.H.Sanders, J.M.Duzen, V.Cody, J.Pace, E.H.Snell, and M.D.Sutton (2009).
Sliding clamp-DNA interactions are required for viability and contribute to DNA polymerase management in Escherichia coli.
  J Mol Biol, 387, 74-91.
PDB code: 3f1v
19255439 K.Mayanagi, S.Kiyonari, M.Saito, T.Shirai, Y.Ishino, and K.Morikawa (2009).
Mechanism of replication machinery assembly as revealed by the DNA ligase-PCNA-DNA complex architecture.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 106, 4647-4652.  
19213612 L.B.Bloom (2009).
Loading clamps for DNA replication and repair.
  DNA Repair (Amst), 8, 570-578.  
19749191 Q.Yuan, and C.S.McHenry (2009).
Strand displacement by DNA polymerase III occurs through a tau-psi-chi link to single-stranded DNA-binding protein coating the lagging strand template.
  J Biol Chem, 284, 31672-31679.  
19696739 R.E.Georgescu, I.Kurth, N.Y.Yao, J.Stewart, O.Yurieva, and M.O'Donnell (2009).
Mechanism of polymerase collision release from sliding clamps on the lagging strand.
  EMBO J, 28, 2981-2991.  
19279187 S.K.Scouten Ponticelli, J.M.Duzen, and M.D.Sutton (2009).
Contributions of the individual hydrophobic clefts of the Escherichia coli beta sliding clamp to clamp loading, DNA replication and clamp recycling.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 37, 2796-2809.  
19388052 W.Strzalka, T.Oyama, K.Tori, and K.Morikawa (2009).
Crystal structures of the Arabidopsis thaliana proliferating cell nuclear antigen 1 and 2 proteins complexed with the human p21 C-terminal segment.
  Protein Sci, 18, 1072-1080.
PDB codes: 2zvv 2zvw
19419956 Y.Yu, J.P.Cai, B.Tu, L.Wu, Y.Zhao, X.Liu, L.Li, M.A.McNutt, J.Feng, Q.He, Y.Yang, H.Wang, M.Sekiguchi, and W.G.Zhu (2009).
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Is Protected from Degradation by Forming a Complex with MutT Homolog2.
  J Biol Chem, 284, 19310-19320.  
18156258 D.Gawel, P.T.Pham, I.J.Fijalkowska, P.Jonczyk, and R.M.Schaaper (2008).
Role of accessory DNA polymerases in DNA replication in Escherichia coli: analysis of the dnaX36 mutator mutant.
  J Bacteriol, 190, 1730-1742.  
18426975 D.K.Shumaker, L.Solimando, K.Sengupta, T.Shimi, S.A.Adam, A.Grunwald, S.V.Strelkov, U.Aebi, M.C.Cardoso, and R.D.Goldman (2008).
The highly conserved nuclear lamin Ig-fold binds to PCNA: its role in DNA replication.
  J Cell Biol, 181, 269-280.  
18223660 E.A.Alcid, and M.S.Jurica (2008).
A protein-based EM label for RNA identifies the location of exons in spliceosomes.
  Nat Struct Mol Biol, 15, 213-215.  
18178550 G.Komazin-Meredith, W.L.Santos, D.J.Filman, J.M.Hogle, G.L.Verdine, and D.M.Coen (2008).
The positively charged surface of herpes simplex virus UL42 mediates DNA binding.
  J Biol Chem, 283, 6154-6161.  
18242150 H.Yang, and J.H.Miller (2008).
Deletion of dnaN1 generates a mutator phenotype in Bacillus anthracis.
  DNA Repair (Amst), 7, 507-514.  
18788757 I.G.Minko, K.Yamanaka, I.D.Kozekov, A.Kozekova, C.Indiani, M.E.O'Donnell, Q.Jiang, M.F.Goodman, C.J.Rizzo, and R.S.Lloyd (2008).
Replication bypass of the acrolein-mediated deoxyguanine DNA-peptide cross-links by DNA polymerases of the DinB family.
  Chem Res Toxicol, 21, 1983-1990.  
18081198 J.P.Hsu, C.C.Kuo, and M.H.Ku (2008).
Electrophoresis of a charge-regulated toroid normal to a large disk.
  Electrophoresis, 29, 348-357.  
18931783 N.Y.Yao, and M.O'Donnell (2008).
Replisome dynamics and use of DNA trombone loops to bypass replication blocks.
  Mol Biosyst, 4, 1075-1084.  
18691598 R.A.Wing, S.Bailey, and T.A.Steitz (2008).
Insights into the replisome from the structure of a ternary complex of the DNA polymerase III alpha-subunit.
  J Mol Biol, 382, 859-869.
PDB code: 3e0d
18678908 R.E.Georgescu, O.Yurieva, S.S.Kim, J.Kuriyan, X.P.Kong, and M.O'Donnell (2008).
Structure of a small-molecule inhibitor of a DNA polymerase sliding clamp.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105, 11116-11121.
PDB codes: 3d1e 3d1f 3d1g
18191219 R.E.Georgescu, S.S.Kim, O.Yurieva, J.Kuriyan, X.P.Kong, and M.O'Donnell (2008).
Structure of a sliding clamp on DNA.
  Cell, 132, 43-54.
PDB code: 3bep
18424802 S.Chen, M.M.Coman, M.Sakato, M.O'Donnell, and M.M.Hingorani (2008).
Conserved residues in the delta subunit help the E. coli clamp loader, gamma complex, target primer-template DNA for clamp assembly.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 36, 3274-3286.  
18556658 T.A.Laurence, Y.Kwon, A.Johnson, C.W.Hollars, M.O'Donnell, J.A.Camarero, and D.Barsky (2008).
Motion of a DNA sliding clamp observed by single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy.
  J Biol Chem, 283, 22895-22906.  
18703842 V.Hlinkova, G.Xing, J.Bauer, Y.J.Shin, I.Dionne, K.R.Rajashankar, S.D.Bell, and H.Ling (2008).
Structures of monomeric, dimeric and trimeric PCNA: PCNA-ring assembly and opening.
  Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr, 64, 941-949.
PDB codes: 2ijx 2io4 2nti
17951253 F.A.Kadyrov, S.F.Holmes, M.E.Arana, O.A.Lukianova, M.O'Donnell, T.A.Kunkel, and P.Modrich (2007).
Saccharomyces cerevisiae MutL{alpha} Is a Mismatch Repair Endonuclease.
  J Biol Chem, 282, 37181-37190.  
17308310 G.S.Briggs, P.A.McEwan, J.Yu, T.Moore, J.Emsley, and R.G.Lloyd (2007).
Ring structure of the Escherichia coli DNA-binding protein RdgC associated with recombination and replication fork repair.
  J Biol Chem, 282, 12353-12357.
PDB code: 2owl
17426134 J.Y.Ha, H.K.Kim, d.o. .J.Kim, K.H.Kim, S.J.Oh, H.H.Lee, H.J.Yoon, H.K.Song, and S.W.Suh (2007).
The recombination-associated protein RdgC adopts a novel toroidal architecture for DNA binding.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 35, 2671-2681.
PDB code: 2owy
17435790 M.L.Mott, and J.M.Berger (2007).
DNA replication initiation: mechanisms and regulation in bacteria.
  Nat Rev Microbiol, 5, 343-354.  
17652324 M.de Vega, and M.Salas (2007).
A highly conserved Tyrosine residue of family B DNA polymerases contributes to dictate translesion synthesis past 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 35, 5096-5107.  
17609212 P.McInerney, and M.O'Donnell (2007).
Replisome fate upon encountering a leading strand block and clearance from DNA by recombination proteins.
  J Biol Chem, 282, 25903-25916.  
17635192 R.W.Maul, S.K.Ponticelli, J.M.Duzen, and M.D.Sutton (2007).
Differential binding of Escherichia coli DNA polymerases to the beta-sliding clamp.
  Mol Microbiol, 65, 811-827.  
17210572 S.G.Anderson, C.R.Williams, M.O'donnell, and L.B.Bloom (2007).
A function for the psi subunit in loading the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase sliding clamp.
  J Biol Chem, 282, 7035-7045.  
17355988 S.Jergic, K.Ozawa, N.K.Williams, X.C.Su, D.D.Scott, S.M.Hamdan, J.A.Crowther, G.Otting, and N.E.Dixon (2007).
The unstructured C-terminus of the tau subunit of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme is the site of interaction with the alpha subunit.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 35, 2813-2824.  
17308348 S.Vijayakumar, B.R.Chapados, K.H.Schmidt, R.D.Kolodner, J.A.Tainer, and A.E.Tomkinson (2007).
The C-terminal domain of yeast PCNA is required for physical and functional interactions with Cdc9 DNA ligase.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 35, 1624-1637.
PDB code: 2od8
17761813 W.Zhu, C.Ukomadu, S.Jha, T.Senga, S.K.Dhar, J.A.Wohlschlegel, L.K.Nutt, S.Kornbluth, and A.Dutta (2007).
Mcm10 and And-1/CTF4 recruit DNA polymerase alpha to chromatin for initiation of DNA replication.
  Genes Dev, 21, 2288-2299.  
17452361 X.C.Su, S.Jergic, M.A.Keniry, N.E.Dixon, and G.Otting (2007).
Solution structure of Domains IVa and V of the tau subunit of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III and interaction with the alpha subunit.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 35, 2825-2832.
PDB code: 2aya
17010157 A.Belley, M.Callejo, F.Arhin, M.Dehbi, I.Fadhil, J.Liu, G.McKay, R.Srikumar, P.Bauda, D.Bergeron, N.Ha, M.Dubow, P.Gros, J.Pelletier, and G.Moeck (2006).
Competition of bacteriophage polypeptides with native replicase proteins for binding to the DNA sliding clamp reveals a novel mechanism for DNA replication arrest in Staphylococcus aureus.
  Mol Microbiol, 62, 1132-1143.  
17012286 A.F.Neuwald (2006).
Hypothesis: bacterial clamp loader ATPase activation through DNA-dependent repositioning of the catalytic base and of a trans-acting catalytic threonine.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 34, 5280-5290.  
16766187 A.F.Neuwald (2006).
Bayesian shadows of molecular mechanisms cast in the light of evolution.
  Trends Biochem Sci, 31, 374-382.  
16945955 A.S.Doré, M.L.Kilkenny, S.A.Jones, A.W.Oliver, S.M.Roe, S.D.Bell, and L.H.Pearl (2006).
Structure of an archaeal PCNA1-PCNA2-FEN1 complex: elucidating PCNA subunit and client enzyme specificity.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 34, 4515-4526.
PDB code: 2izo
16371349 B.A.Appleton, J.Brooks, A.Loregian, D.J.Filman, D.M.Coen, and J.M.Hogle (2006).
Crystal structure of the cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase subunit UL44 in complex with the C terminus from the catalytic subunit. Differences in structure and function relative to unliganded UL44.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 5224-5232.
PDB code: 1yyp
16955075 C.Indiani, and M.O'Donnell (2006).
The replication clamp-loading machine at work in the three domains of life.
  Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 7, 751-761.  
16326701 E.S.Stanitsa, L.Arps, and P.Traktman (2006).
Vaccinia virus uracil DNA glycosylase interacts with the A20 protein to form a heterodimeric processivity factor for the viral DNA polymerase.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 3439-3451.  
16546997 F.J.López de Saro, M.G.Marinus, P.Modrich, and M.O'Donnell (2006).
The beta sliding clamp binds to multiple sites within MutL and MutS.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 14340-14349.  
16608433 J.L.Beck, T.Urathamakul, S.J.Watt, M.M.Sheil, P.M.Schaeffer, and N.E.Dixon (2006).
Proteomic dissection of DNA polymerization.
  Expert Rev Proteomics, 3, 197-211.  
16753031 J.M.Kaguni (2006).
DnaA: controlling the initiation of bacterial DNA replication and more.
  Annu Rev Microbiol, 60, 351-375.  
16858727 J.P.Hsu, C.C.Kuo, and M.H.Ku (2006).
Electrophoresis of a toroid along the axis of a cylindrical pore.
  Electrophoresis, 27, 3155-3165.  
16855240 K.Kongsuwan, P.Josh, M.J.Picault, G.Wijffels, and B.Dalrymple (2006).
The plasmid RK2 replication initiator protein (TrfA) binds to the sliding clamp beta subunit of DNA polymerase III: implication for the toxicity of a peptide derived from the amino-terminal portion of 33-kilodalton TrfA.
  J Bacteriol, 188, 5501-5509.  
16403212 M.A.Argiriadi, E.R.Goedken, I.Bruck, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2006).
Crystal structure of a DNA polymerase sliding clamp from a Gram-positive bacterium.
  BMC Struct Biol, 6, 2.
PDB code: 2avt
16959568 M.H.Lamers, R.E.Georgescu, S.G.Lee, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2006).
Crystal structure of the catalytic alpha subunit of E. coli replicative DNA polymerase III.
  Cell, 126, 881-892.
PDB codes: 2hnh 2hqa
16421093 M.O'Donnell (2006).
Replisome architecture and dynamics in Escherichia coli.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 10653-10656.  
16464848 P.J.Beuning, S.M.Simon, A.Zemla, D.Barsky, and G.C.Walker (2006).
A non-cleavable UmuD variant that acts as a UmuD' mimic.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 9633-9640.  
16430690 P.T.Pham, W.Zhao, and R.M.Schaaper (2006).
Mutator mutants of Escherichia coli carrying a defect in the DNA polymerase III tau subunit.
  Mol Microbiol, 59, 1149-1161.  
16959569 S.Bailey, R.A.Wing, and T.A.Steitz (2006).
The structure of T. aquaticus DNA polymerase III is distinct from eukaryotic replicative DNA polymerases.
  Cell, 126, 893-904.
PDB codes: 2hpi 2hpm
16829513 S.Kiyonari, K.Takayama, H.Nishida, and Y.Ishino (2006).
Identification of a novel binding motif in Pyrococcus furiosus DNA ligase for the functional interaction with proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 28023-28032.  
16082778 A.F.Neuwald (2005).
Evolutionary clues to eukaryotic DNA clamp-loading mechanisms: analysis of the functional constraints imposed on replication factor C AAA+ ATPases.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 33, 3614-3628.  
15952889 A.Johnson, and M.O'Donnell (2005).
Cellular DNA replicases: components and dynamics at the replication fork.
  Annu Rev Biochem, 74, 283-315.  
16168375 C.Indiani, P.McInerney, R.Georgescu, M.F.Goodman, and M.O'Donnell (2005).
A sliding-clamp toolbelt binds high- and low-fidelity DNA polymerases simultaneously.
  Mol Cell, 19, 805-815.  
16217036 D.Jeruzalmi (2005).
The opened processivity clamp slides into view.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 14939-14940.  
15665871 E.R.Goedken, S.L.Kazmirski, G.D.Bowman, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2005).
Mapping the interaction of DNA with the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase clamp loader complex.
  Nat Struct Mol Biol, 12, 183-190.  
15845765 I.Rodríguez, J.M.Lázaro, L.Blanco, S.Kamtekar, A.J.Berman, J.Wang, T.A.Steitz, M.Salas, and M.de Vega (2005).
A specific subdomain in phi29 DNA polymerase confers both processivity and strand-displacement capacity.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 6407-6412.  
16140778 J.C.Randell, G.Komazin, C.Jiang, C.B.Hwang, and D.M.Coen (2005).
Effects of substitutions of arginine residues on the basic surface of herpes simplex virus UL42 support a role for DNA binding in processive DNA synthesis.
  J Virol, 79, 12025-12034.  
15752198 M.D.Sutton, J.M.Duzen, and R.W.Maul (2005).
Mutant forms of the Escherichia colibeta sliding clamp that distinguish between its roles in replication and DNA polymerase V-dependent translesion DNA synthesis.
  Mol Microbiol, 55, 1751-1766.  
16169903 S.L.Kazmirski, Y.Zhao, G.D.Bowman, M.O'donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2005).
Out-of-plane motions in open sliding clamps: molecular dynamics simulations of eukaryotic and archaeal proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 13801-13806.  
16228002 Y.Zhai, F.Sun, X.Li, H.Pang, X.Xu, M.Bartlam, and Z.Rao (2005).
Insights into SARS-CoV transcription and replication from the structure of the nsp7-nsp8 hexadecamer.
  Nat Struct Mol Biol, 12, 980-986.
PDB code: 2ahm
14610068 A.K.Snyder, C.R.Williams, A.Johnson, M.O'Donnell, and L.B.Bloom (2004).
Mechanism of loading the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III sliding clamp: II. Uncoupling the beta and DNA binding activities of the gamma complex.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 4386-4393.  
15286084 A.M.Makhov, D.Subramanian, E.Holley-Guthrie, S.C.Kenney, and J.D.Griffith (2004).
The Epstein-Barr virus polymerase accessory factor BMRF1 adopts a ring-shaped structure as visualized by electron microscopy.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 40358-40361.  
15014449 A.Seybert, and D.B.Wigley (2004).
Distinct roles for ATP binding and hydrolysis at individual subunits of an archaeal clamp loader.
  EMBO J, 23, 1360-1371.  
15116069 B.I.Lee, K.H.Kim, S.J.Park, S.H.Eom, H.K.Song, and S.W.Suh (2004).
Ring-shaped architecture of RecR: implications for its role in homologous recombinational DNA repair.
  EMBO J, 23, 2029-2038.
PDB code: 1vdd
14610067 C.R.Williams, A.K.Snyder, P.Kuzmic, M.O'Donnell, and L.B.Bloom (2004).
Mechanism of loading the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III sliding clamp: I. Two distinct activities for individual ATP sites in the gamma complex.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 4376-4385.  
15065653 F.López de Saro, R.E.Georgescu, F.Leu, and M.O'Donnell (2004).
Protein trafficking on sliding clamps.
  Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 359, 25-30.  
15201901 G.D.Bowman, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2004).
Structural analysis of a eukaryotic sliding DNA clamp-clamp loader complex.
  Nature, 429, 724-730.
PDB code: 1sxj
15210708 J.G.Bertram, L.B.Bloom, M.O'Donnell, and M.F.Goodman (2004).
Increased dNTP binding affinity reveals a nonprocessive role for Escherichia coli beta clamp with DNA polymerase IV.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 33047-33050.  
15466025 M.D.Sutton (2004).
The Escherichia coli dnaN159 mutant displays altered DNA polymerase usage and chronic SOS induction.
  J Bacteriol, 186, 6738-6748.  
15364574 M.Magdalena Coman, M.Jin, R.Ceapa, J.Finkelstein, M.O'Donnell, B.T.Chait, and M.M.Hingorani (2004).
Dual functions, clamp opening and primer-template recognition, define a key clamp loader subunit.
  J Mol Biol, 342, 1457-1469.  
15189445 M.Su'etsugu, M.Takata, T.Kubota, Y.Matsuda, and T.Katayama (2004).
Molecular mechanism of DNA replication-coupled inactivation of the initiator protein in Escherichia coli: interaction of DnaA with the sliding clamp-loaded DNA and the sliding clamp-Hda complex.
  Genes Cells, 9, 509-522.  
15014081 P.McInerney, and M.O'Donnell (2004).
Functional uncoupling of twin polymerases: mechanism of polymerase dissociation from a lagging-strand block.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 21543-21551.  
14762018 T.Lo, E.van Der Schalie, T.Werner, Y.V.Brun, and N.Din (2004).
A temperature-sensitive mutation in the dnaE gene of Caulobacter crescentus that prevents initiation of DNA replication but not ongoing elongation of DNA.
  J Bacteriol, 186, 1205-1212.  
14871898 V.J.Cannistraro, and J.S.Taylor (2004).
DNA-thumb interactions and processivity of T7 DNA polymerase in comparison to yeast polymerase eta.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 18288-18295.  
15075322 X.Chen, K.Lin, and R.P.Ricciardi (2004).
Human Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus processivity factor-8 functions as a dimer in DNA synthesis.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 28375-28386.  
15221017 Z.Zhuang, M.M.Spiering, A.J.Berdis, M.A.Trakselis, and S.J.Benkovic (2004).
'Screw-cap' clamp loader proteins that thread.
  Nat Struct Mol Biol, 11, 580-581.  
12888511 A.F.Neuwald (2003).
Evolutionary clues to DNA polymerase III beta clamp structural mechanisms.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 31, 4503-4516.  
12974630 A.Haroniti, R.Till, M.C.Smith, and P.Soultanas (2003).
Clamp-loader-helicase interaction in Bacillus. Leucine 381 is critical for pentamerization and helicase binding of the Bacillus tau protein.
  Biochemistry, 42, 10955-10964.  
12832762 A.J.Oakley, P.Prosselkov, G.Wijffels, J.L.Beck, M.C.Wilce, and N.E.Dixon (2003).
Flexibility revealed by the 1.85 A crystal structure of the beta sliding-clamp subunit of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III.
  Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr, 59, 1192-1199.
PDB code: 1mmi
12582167 A.Johnson, and M.O'Donnell (2003).
Ordered ATP hydrolysis in the gamma complex clamp loader AAA+ machine.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 14406-14413.  
12519754 B.Ason, R.Handayani, C.R.Williams, J.G.Bertram, M.M.Hingorani, M.O'Donnell, M.F.Goodman, and L.B.Bloom (2003).
Mechanism of loading the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III beta sliding clamp on DNA. Bona fide primer/templates preferentially trigger the gamma complex to hydrolyze ATP and load the clamp.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 10033-10040.  
14633999 F.J.López de Saro, R.E.Georgescu, M.F.Goodman, and M.O'Donnell (2003).
Competitive processivity-clamp usage by DNA polymerases during DNA replication and repair.
  EMBO J, 22, 6408-6418.  
14630952 F.J.López de Saro, R.E.Georgescu, and M.O'Donnell (2003).
A peptide switch regulates DNA polymerase processivity.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 100, 14689-14694.  
12620221 F.P.Leu, R.Georgescu, and M.O'Donnell (2003).
Mechanism of the E. coli tau processivity switch during lagging-strand synthesis.
  Mol Cell, 11, 315-327.  
12473678 H.Kimura, and K.Shiota (2003).
Methyl-CpG-binding protein, MeCP2, is a target molecule for maintenance DNA methyltransferase, Dnmt1.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 4806-4812.  
14592985 K.A.Bunting, S.M.Roe, and L.H.Pearl (2003).
Structural basis for recruitment of translesion DNA polymerase Pol IV/DinB to the beta-clamp.
  EMBO J, 22, 5883-5892.
PDB code: 1unn
12573693 K.E.McGinness, and G.F.Joyce (2003).
In search of an RNA replicase ribozyme.
  Chem Biol, 10, 5.  
14530260 N.Yao, L.Coryell, D.Zhang, R.E.Georgescu, J.Finkelstein, M.M.Coman, M.M.Hingorani, and M.O'Donnell (2003).
Replication factor C clamp loader subunit arrangement within the circular pentamer and its attachment points to proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 50744-50753.  
12649440 S.Matsumiya, S.Ishino, Y.Ishino, and K.Morikawa (2003).
Intermolecular ion pairs maintain the toroidal structure of Pyrococcus furiosus PCNA.
  Protein Sci, 12, 823-831.
PDB codes: 1iz4 1iz5
12324458 A.A.Al Mamun, K.J.Marians, and M.Z.Humayun (2002).
DNA polymerase III from Escherichia coli cells expressing mutA mistranslator tRNA is error-prone.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 46319-46327.  
11959500 D.Jeruzalmi, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2002).
Clamp loaders and sliding clamps.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 12, 217-224.  
12028381 G.Grompone, M.Seigneur, S.D.Ehrlich, and B.Michel (2002).
Replication fork reversal in DNA polymerase III mutants of Escherichia coli: a role for the beta clamp.
  Mol Microbiol, 44, 1331-1339.  
11927597 H.Yang, J.H.Chiang, S.Fitz-Gibbon, M.Lebel, A.A.Sartori, J.Jiricny, M.M.Slupska, and J.H.Miller (2002).
Direct interaction between uracil-DNA glycosylase and a proliferating cell nuclear antigen homolog in the crenarchaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 22271-22278.  
12198487 H.Ye, C.Cande, N.C.Stephanou, S.Jiang, S.Gurbuxani, N.Larochette, E.Daugas, C.Garrido, G.Kroemer, and H.Wu (2002).
DNA binding is required for the apoptogenic action of apoptosis inducing factor.
  Nat Struct Biol, 9, 680-684.
PDB code: 1m6i
11994305 I.Hirai, and H.G.Wang (2002).
A role of the C-terminal region of human Rad9 (hRad9) in nuclear transport of the hRad9 checkpoint complex.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 25722-25727.  
11823461 J.M.Bullard, J.C.Williams, W.K.Acker, C.Jacobi, N.Janjic, and C.S.McHenry (2002).
DNA polymerase III holoenzyme from Thermus thermophilus identification, expression, purification of components, and use to reconstitute a processive replicase.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 13401-13408.  
12234917 J.P.Erzberger, M.M.Pirruccello, and J.M.Berger (2002).
The structure of bacterial DnaA: implications for general mechanisms underlying DNA replication initiation.
  EMBO J, 21, 4763-4773.
PDB code: 1l8q
11790738 K.Daimon, Y.Kawarabayasi, H.Kikuchi, Y.Sako, and Y.Ishino (2002).
Three proliferating cell nuclear antigen-like proteins found in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Aeropyrum pernix: interactions with the two DNA polymerases.
  J Bacteriol, 184, 687-694.  
12239216 K.H.Schmidt, K.L.Derry, and R.D.Kolodner (2002).
Saccharomyces cerevisiae RRM3, a 5' to 3' DNA helicase, physically interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 45331-45337.  
12466528 M.I.Martínez-Jiménez, P.Mesa, and J.C.Alonso (2002).
Bacillus subtilis tau subunit of DNA polymerase III interacts with bacteriophage SPP1 replicative DNA helicase G40P.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 30, 5056-5064.  
12415300 M.J.Davey, D.Jeruzalmi, J.Kuriyan, and M.O'Donnell (2002).
Motors and switches: AAA+ machines within the replisome.
  Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 3, 826-835.  
12101094 P.Aloy, F.D.Ciccarelli, C.Leutwein, A.C.Gavin, G.Superti-Furga, P.Bork, B.Bottcher, and R.B.Russell (2002).
A complex prediction: three-dimensional model of the yeast exosome.
  EMBO Rep, 3, 628-635.  
12468233 P.Aloy, and R.B.Russell (2002).
The third dimension for protein interactions and complexes.
  Trends Biochem Sci, 27, 633-638.  
12210533 P.Cramer (2002).
Common structural features of nucleic acid polymerases.
  Bioessays, 24, 724-729.  
12296822 S.Matsumiya, S.Ishino, Y.Ishino, and K.Morikawa (2002).
Physical interaction between proliferating cell nuclear antigen and replication factor C from Pyrococcus furiosus.
  Genes Cells, 7, 911-922.
PDB code: 1isq
12045093 U.Hubscher, G.Maga, and S.Spadari (2002).
Eukaryotic DNA polymerases.
  Annu Rev Biochem, 71, 133-163.  
11733526 Z.Wang, E.Lazarov, M.O'Donnell, and M.F.Goodman (2002).
Resolving a fidelity paradox: why Escherichia coli DNA polymerase II makes more base substitution errors in AT- compared with GC-rich DNA.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 4446-4454.  
11573000 B.P.Dalrymple, K.Kongsuwan, G.Wijffels, N.E.Dixon, and P.A.Jennings (2001).
A universal protein-protein interaction motif in the eubacterial DNA replication and repair systems.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 11627-11632.  
11525729 D.Jeruzalmi, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2001).
Crystal structure of the processivity clamp loader gamma (gamma) complex of E. coli DNA polymerase III.
  Cell, 106, 429-441.
PDB code: 1jr3
11525728 D.Jeruzalmi, O.Yurieva, Y.Zhao, M.Young, J.Stewart, M.Hingorani, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (2001).
Mechanism of processivity clamp opening by the delta subunit wrench of the clamp loader complex of E. coli DNA polymerase III.
  Cell, 106, 417-428.
PDB codes: 1jqj 1jql
11459978 F.J.López de Saro, and M.O'Donnell (2001).
Interaction of the beta sliding clamp with MutS, ligase, and DNA polymerase I.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 8376-8380.  
11340166 H.S.Kim, and S.J.Brill (2001).
Rfc4 interacts with Rpa1 and is required for both DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoints in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Mol Cell Biol, 21, 3725-3737.  
  11178284 I.Bruck, and M.O'Donnell (2001).
The ring-type polymerase sliding clamp family.
  Genome Biol, 2, REVIEWS3001.  
11172710 J.A.Carrodeguas, K.Theis, D.F.Bogenhagen, and C.Kisker (2001).
Crystal structure and deletion analysis show that the accessory subunit of mammalian DNA polymerase gamma, Pol gamma B, functions as a homodimer.
  Mol Cell, 7, 43-54.
PDB codes: 1g5h 1g5i
11573082 L.B.Bloom, and M.F.Goodman (2001).
A sliding clamp monkey wrench.
  Nat Struct Biol, 8, 829-831.  
11459977 M.A.Trakselis, S.C.Alley, E.Abel-Santos, and S.J.Benkovic (2001).
Creating a dynamic picture of the sliding clamp during T4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme assembly by using fluorescence resonance energy transfer.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 8368-8375.  
11709164 M.A.Trakselis, and S.J.Benkovic (2001).
Intricacies in ATP-dependent clamp loading: variations across replication systems.
  Structure, 9, 999.  
11292811 M.D.Sutton, M.F.Farrow, B.M.Burton, and G.C.Walker (2001).
Genetic interactions between the Escherichia coli umuDC gene products and the beta processivity clamp of the replicative DNA polymerase.
  J Bacteriol, 183, 2897-2909.  
11719243 M.O'Donnell, D.Jeruzalmi, and J.Kuriyan (2001).
Clamp loader structure predicts the architecture of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme and RFC.
  Curr Biol, 11, R935-R946.  
11459974 P.Pham, S.Rangarajan, R.Woodgate, and M.F.Goodman (2001).
Roles of DNA polymerases V and II in SOS-induced error-prone and error-free repair in Escherichia coli.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 8350-8354.  
11504721 S.C.Alley, M.A.Trakselis, M.U.Mayer, F.T.Ishmael, A.D.Jones, and S.J.Benkovic (2001).
Building a replisome solution structure by elucidation of protein-protein interactions in the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme.
  J Biol Chem, 276, 39340-39349.  
11395406 S.J.Benkovic, A.M.Valentine, and F.Salinas (2001).
Replisome-mediated DNA replication.
  Annu Rev Biochem, 70, 181-208.  
11266590 S.Matsumiya, Y.Ishino, and K.Morikawa (2001).
Crystal structure of an archaeal DNA sliding clamp: proliferating cell nuclear antigen from Pyrococcus furiosus.
  Protein Sci, 10, 17-23.
PDB code: 1ge8
11514661 W.A.Breyer, and B.W.Matthews (2001).
A structural basis for processivity.
  Protein Sci, 10, 1699-1711.  
10982878 A.F.Neuwald, and A.Poleksic (2000).
PSI-BLAST searches using hidden markov models of structural repeats: prediction of an unusual sliding DNA clamp and of beta-propellers in UV-damaged DNA-binding protein.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 28, 3570-3580.  
10644772 B.Ason, J.G.Bertram, M.M.Hingorani, J.M.Beechem, M.O'Donnell, M.F.Goodman, and L.B.Bloom (2000).
A model for Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme assembly at primer/template ends. DNA triggers a change in binding specificity of the gamma complex clamp loader.
  J Biol Chem, 275, 3006-3015.  
10716976 B.K.Tye (2000).
Insights into DNA replication from the third domain of life.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 97, 2399-2401.  
10652279 B.P.Glover, and C.S.McHenry (2000).
The DnaX-binding subunits delta' and psi are bound to gamma and not tau in the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  J Biol Chem, 275, 3017-3020.  
10871397 C.Venclovas, and M.P.Thelen (2000).
Structure-based predictions of Rad1, Rad9, Hus1 and Rad17 participation in sliding clamp and clamp-loading complexes.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 28, 2481-2493.  
10940245 D.S.Goodsell, and A.J.Olson (2000).
Structural symmetry and protein function.
  Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct, 29, 105-153.  
10882068 H.J.Zuccola, D.J.Filman, D.M.Coen, and J.M.Hogle (2000).
The crystal structure of an unusual processivity factor, herpes simplex virus UL42, bound to the C terminus of its cognate polymerase.
  Mol Cell, 5, 267-278.
PDB code: 1dml
10712935 J.L.Keck, and J.M.Berger (2000).
DNA replication at high resolution.
  Chem Biol, 7, R63-R71.  
11006548 M.J.Davey, and M.O'Donnell (2000).
Mechanisms of DNA replication.
  Curr Opin Chem Biol, 4, 581-586.  
10660290 M.M.Hingorani, and M.O'Donnell (2000).
Sliding clamps: a (tail)ored fit.
  Curr Biol, 10, R25-R29.  
10753961 N.Yao, F.P.Leu, J.Anjelkovic, J.Turner, and M.O'Donnell (2000).
DNA structure requirements for the Escherichia coli gamma complex clamp loader and DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  J Biol Chem, 275, 11440-11450.  
10625694 N.Yao, J.Hurwitz, and M.O'Donnell (2000).
Dynamics of beta and proliferating cell nuclear antigen sliding clamps in traversing DNA secondary structure.
  J Biol Chem, 275, 1421-1432.  
11121020 Y.Shiomi, J.Usukura, Y.Masamura, K.Takeyasu, Y.Nakayama, C.Obuse, H.Yoshikawa, and T.Tsurimoto (2000).
ATP-dependent structural change of the eukaryotic clamp-loader protein, replication factor C.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 97, 14127-14132.  
9989506 A.Yuzhakov, Z.Kelman, and M.O'Donnell (1999).
Trading places on DNA--a three-point switch underlies primer handoff from primase to the replicative DNA polymerase.
  Cell, 96, 153-163.  
  10523669 C.Chen, B.J.Merrill, P.J.Lau, C.Holm, and R.D.Kolodner (1999).
Saccharomyces cerevisiae pol30 (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) mutations impair replication fidelity and mismatch repair.
  Mol Cell Biol, 19, 7801-7815.  
10535942 G.J.Latham, F.Dong, P.Pietroni, J.M.Dozono, D.J.Bacheller, and P.H.von Hippel (1999).
Opening of a monomer-monomer interface of the trimeric bacteriophage T4-coded GP45 sliding clamp is required for clamp loading onto DNA.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 12448-12453.  
  10542158 I.K.Cann, S.Ishino, I.Hayashi, K.Komori, H.Toh, K.Morikawa, and Y.Ishino (1999).
Functional interactions of a homolog of proliferating cell nuclear antigen with DNA polymerases in Archaea.
  J Bacteriol, 181, 6591-6599.  
10497152 I.R.Lehman, and P.E.Boehmer (1999).
Replication of herpes simplex virus DNA.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 28059-28062.  
9927437 J.Turner, M.M.Hingorani, Z.Kelman, and M.O'Donnell (1999).
The internal workings of a DNA polymerase clamp-loading machine.
  EMBO J, 18, 771-783.  
  9847307 K.Weisshart, C.S.Chow, and D.M.Coen (1999).
Herpes simplex virus processivity factor UL42 imparts increased DNA-binding specificity to the viral DNA polymerase and decreased dissociation from primer-template without reducing the elongation rate.
  J Virol, 73, 55-66.  
10449726 L.Fan, P.C.Sanschagrin, L.S.Kaguni, and L.A.Kuhn (1999).
The accessory subunit of mtDNA polymerase shares structural homology with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: implications for a dual role as a primer recognition factor and processivity clamp.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 9527-9532.  
10535929 M.D.Sutton, T.Opperman, and G.C.Walker (1999).
The Escherichia coli SOS mutagenesis proteins UmuD and UmuD' interact physically with the replicative DNA polymerase.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 12373-12378.  
10102265 M.P.Thelen, C.Venclovas, and K.Fidelis (1999).
A sliding clamp model for the Rad1 family of cell cycle checkpoint proteins.
  Cell, 96, 769-770.  
10228175 P.Janscak, M.P.MacWilliams, U.Sandmeier, V.Nagaraja, and T.A.Bickle (1999).
DNA translocation blockage, a general mechanism of cleavage site selection by type I restriction enzymes.
  EMBO J, 18, 2638-2647.  
10364545 P.R.Cook (1999).
The organization of replication and transcription.
  Science, 284, 1790-1795.  
  10364305 S.Hausmann, D.Garcin, C.Delenda, and D.Kolakofsky (1999).
The versatility of paramyxovirus RNA polymerase stuttering.
  J Virol, 73, 5568-5576.  
10535734 Y.Shamoo, and T.A.Steitz (1999).
Building a replisome from interacting pieces: sliding clamp complexed to a peptide from DNA polymerase and a polymerase editing complex.
  Cell, 99, 155-166.
PDB codes: 1b77 1b8h 1clq 1qe4
9724524 B.M.Fisher, J.H.Ha, and R.T.Raines (1998).
Coulombic forces in protein-RNA interactions: binding and cleavage by ribonuclease A and variants at Lys7, Arg10, and Lys66.
  Biochemistry, 37, 12121-12132.  
9519297 C.A.Brautigam, and T.A.Steitz (1998).
Structural and functional insights provided by crystal structures of DNA polymerases and their substrate complexes.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 8, 54-63.  
9843509 C.M.Sanders, and A.Stenlund (1998).
Recruitment and loading of the E1 initiator protein: an ATP-dependent process catalysed by a transcription factor.
  EMBO J, 17, 7044-7055.  
9421526 D.Zhang, L.Frappier, E.Gibbs, J.Hurwitz, and M.O'Donnell (1998).
Human RPA (hSSB) interacts with EBNA1, the latent origin binding protein of Epstein-Barr virus.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 26, 631-637.  
9705499 E.Warbrick, W.Heatherington, D.P.Lane, and D.M.Glover (1998).
PCNA binding proteins in Drosophila melanogaster : the analysis of a conserved PCNA binding domain.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 26, 3925-3932.  
9826661 G.Tomer, N.B.Reuven, and Z.Livneh (1998).
The beta subunit sliding DNA clamp is responsible for unassisted mutagenic translesion replication by DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 14106-14111.  
9614113 H.S.Cho, N.C.Ha, L.W.Kang, K.M.Chung, S.H.Back, S.K.Jang, and B.H.Oh (1998).
Crystal structure of RNA helicase from genotype 1b hepatitis C virus. A feasible mechanism of unwinding duplex RNA.
  J Biol Chem, 273, 15045-15052.
PDB code: 8ohm
9442096 K.J.Marians, H.Hiasa, D.R.Kim, and C.S.McHenry (1998).
Role of the core DNA polymerase III subunits at the replication fork. Alpha is the only subunit required for processive replication.
  J Biol Chem, 273, 2452-2457.  
9592143 K.Piard, G.Baldacci, and I.Tratner (1998).
Single point mutations located outside the inter-monomer domains abolish trimerization of Schizosaccharomyces pombe PCNA.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 26, 2598-2605.  
  9721267 M.Y.Torgov, D.M.Janzen, and M.K.Reddy (1998).
Efficiency and frequency of translational coupling between the bacteriophage T4 clamp loader genes.
  J Bacteriol, 180, 4339-4343.  
9722597 P.T.Pham, M.W.Olson, C.S.McHenry, and R.M.Schaaper (1998).
The base substitution and frameshift fidelity of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme in vitro.
  J Biol Chem, 273, 23575-23584.  
9422722 P.Zhang, Y.Sun, H.Hsu, L.Zhang, Y.Zhang, and M.Y.Lee (1998).
The interdomain connector loop of human PCNA is involved in a direct interaction with human polymerase delta.
  J Biol Chem, 273, 713-719.  
  9642176 R.A.Mooney, I.Artsimovitch, and R.Landick (1998).
Information processing by RNA polymerase: recognition of regulatory signals during RNA chain elongation.
  J Bacteriol, 180, 3265-3275.  
9858758 R.Strick, and C.W.Knopf (1998).
DNA binding properties and processive proofreading of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA polymerase.
  Biochim Biophys Acta, 1388, 315-324.  
9461075 S.Krapp, G.Kelly, J.Reischl, R.O.Weinzierl, and S.Matthews (1998).
Eukaryotic RNA polymerase subunit RPB8 is a new relative of the OB family.
  Nat Struct Biol, 5, 110-114.
PDB code: 1a1d
9759502 S.Waga, and B.Stillman (1998).
The DNA replication fork in eukaryotic cells.
  Annu Rev Biochem, 67, 721-751.  
9476890 T.A.Baker, and S.P.Bell (1998).
Polymerases and the replisome: machines within machines.
  Cell, 92, 295-305.  
9461069 T.A.Kunkel, and S.H.Wilson (1998).
DNA polymerases on the move.
  Nat Struct Biol, 5, 95-99.  
9788922 V.K.Misra, J.L.Hecht, A.S.Yang, and B.Honig (1998).
Electrostatic contributions to the binding free energy of the lambdacI repressor to DNA.
  Biophys J, 75, 2262-2273.  
9521689 W.H.Beckwith, Q.Sun, R.Bosso, K.J.Gerik, P.M.Burgers, and M.A.McAlear (1998).
Destabilized PCNA trimers suppress defective Rfc1 proteins in vivo and in vitro.
  Biochemistry, 37, 3711-3722.  
9512523 W.S.Dynan, and S.Yoo (1998).
Interaction of Ku protein and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit with nucleic acids.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 26, 1551-1559.  
  9584198 W.Zheng, and S.A.Johnston (1998).
The nucleic acid binding activity of bleomycin hydrolase is involved in bleomycin detoxification.
  Mol Cell Biol, 18, 3580-3585.  
9545254 Z.Kelman, A.Yuzhakov, J.Andjelkovic, and M.O'Donnell (1998).
Devoted to the lagging strand-the subunit of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme contacts SSB to promote processive elongation and sliding clamp assembly.
  EMBO J, 17, 2436-2449.  
9519403 Z.Kelman, J.Hurwitz, and M.O'Donnell (1998).
Processivity of DNA polymerases: two mechanisms, one goal.
  Structure, 6, 121-125.  
  9209069 A.Blinkova, M.F.Burkart, T.D.Owens, and J.R.Walker (1997).
Conservation of the Escherichia coli dnaX programmed ribosomal frameshift signal in Salmonella typhimurium.
  J Bacteriol, 179, 4438-4442.  
9062100 A.J.Berdis, and S.J.Benkovic (1997).
Mechanism of bacteriophage T4 DNA holoenzyme assembly: the 44/62 protein acts as a molecular motor.
  Biochemistry, 36, 2733-2743.  
9363942 B.Guenther, R.Onrust, A.Sali, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (1997).
Crystal structure of the delta' subunit of the clamp-loader complex of E. coli DNA polymerase III.
  Cell, 91, 335-345.
PDB code: 1a5t
9114015 B.H.Lee, and M.B.Mathews (1997).
Transcriptional coactivator cAMP response element binding protein mediates induction of the human proliferating cell nuclear antigen promoter by the adenovirus E1A oncoprotein.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 4481-4486.  
9177181 D.J.Mozzherin, S.Shibutani, C.K.Tan, K.M.Downey, and P.A.Fisher (1997).
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen promotes DNA synthesis past template lesions by mammalian DNA polymerase delta.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 6126-6131.  
9667868 D.J.Sexton, A.J.Berdis, and S.J.Benkovic (1997).
Assembly and disassembly of DNA polymerase holoenzyme.
  Curr Opin Chem Biol, 1, 316-322.  
8999948 E.Gibbs, Z.Kelman, J.M.Gulbis, M.O'Donnell, J.Kuriyan, P.M.Burgers, and J.Hurwitz (1997).
The influence of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen-interacting domain of p21(CIP1) on DNA synthesis catalyzed by the human and Saccharomyces cerevisiae polymerase delta holoenzymes.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 2373-2381.  
9395509 G.J.Latham, D.J.Bacheller, P.Pietroni, and P.H.von Hippel (1997).
Structural analyses of gp45 sliding clamp interactions during assembly of the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme. II. The Gp44/62 clamp loader interacts with a single defined face of the sliding clamp ring.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 31677-31684.  
9395510 G.J.Latham, D.J.Bacheller, P.Pietroni, and P.H.von Hippel (1997).
Structural analyses of gp45 sliding clamp interactions during assembly of the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme. III. The Gp43 DNA polymerase binds to the same face of the sliding clamp as the clamp loader.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 31685-31692.  
9214630 G.M.Sanders, G.A.Kassavetis, and E.P.Geiduschek (1997).
Dual targets of a transcriptional activator that tracks on DNA.
  EMBO J, 16, 3124-3132.  
9360603 J.Brandsen, S.Werten, P.C.van der Vliet, M.Meisterernst, J.Kroon, and P.Gros (1997).
C-terminal domain of transcription cofactor PC4 reveals dimeric ssDNA binding site.
  Nat Struct Biol, 4, 900-903.
PDB code: 1pcf
9215631 J.Wang, A.K.Sattar, C.C.Wang, J.D.Karam, W.H.Konigsberg, and T.A.Steitz (1997).
Crystal structure of a pol alpha family replication DNA polymerase from bacteriophage RB69.
  Cell, 89, 1087-1099.
PDB codes: 1waf 1wag 1wah 1wai 1waj
9346941 L.B.Bloom, X.Chen, D.K.Fygenson, J.Turner, M.O'Donnell, and M.F.Goodman (1997).
Fidelity of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme. The effects of beta, gamma complex processivity proteins and epsilon proofreading exonuclease on nucleotide misincorporation efficiencies.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 27919-27930.  
9265627 L.D.Goodrich, T.C.Lin, E.K.Spicer, C.Jones, and W.H.Konigsberg (1997).
Residues at the carboxy terminus of T4 DNA polymerase are important determinants for interaction with the polymerase accessory proteins.
  Biochemistry, 36, 10474-10481.  
9302295 L.S.Chuang, H.I.Ian, T.W.Koh, H.H.Ng, G.Xu, and B.F.Li (1997).
Human DNA-(cytosine-5) methyltransferase-PCNA complex as a target for p21WAF1.
  Science, 277, 1996-2000.  
9192631 M.Ouhammouch, M.H.Sayre, J.T.Kadonaga, and E.P.Geiduschek (1997).
Activation of RNA polymerase II by topologically linked DNA-tracking proteins.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 6718-6723.  
9287163 M.R.Sawaya, R.Prasad, S.H.Wilson, J.Kraut, and H.Pelletier (1997).
Crystal structures of human DNA polymerase beta complexed with gapped and nicked DNA: evidence for an induced fit mechanism.
  Biochemistry, 36, 11205-11215.
PDB codes: 1bpx 1bpy 1bpz
9341154 O.Yurieva, M.Skangalis, J.Kuriyan, and M.O'Donnell (1997).
Thermus thermophilis dnaX homolog encoding gamma- and tau-like proteins of the chromosomal replicase.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 27131-27139.  
9242911 P.E.Boehmer, and I.R.Lehman (1997).
Herpes simplex virus DNA replication.
  Annu Rev Biochem, 66, 347-384.  
9395508 P.Pietroni, M.C.Young, G.J.Latham, and P.H.von Hippel (1997).
Structural analyses of gp45 sliding clamp interactions during assembly of the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme. I. Conformational changes within the gp44/62-gp45-ATP complex during clamp loading.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 31666-31676.  
  9079919 R.C.Roberts, and L.Shapiro (1997).
Transcription of genes encoding DNA replication proteins is coincident with cell cycle control of DNA replication in Caulobacter crescentus.
  J Bacteriol, 179, 2319-2330.  
9326594 S.Zuo, E.Gibbs, Z.Kelman, T.S.Wang, M.O'Donnell, S.A.MacNeill, and J.Hurwitz (1997).
DNA polymerase delta isolated from Schizosaccharomyces pombe contains five subunits.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 11244-11249.  
9045689 X.M.Yang, and C.C.Richardson (1997).
Amino acid changes in a unique sequence of bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase alter the processivity of nucleotide polymerization.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 6599-6606.  
9394619 Z.O.Jónsson, and U.Hübscher (1997).
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen: more than a clamp for DNA polymerases.
  Bioessays, 19, 967-975.  
8728645 A.A.Antson, E.J.Dodson, and G.G.Dodson (1996).
Circular assemblies.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 6, 142-150.  
8917503 A.J.Berdis, P.Soumillion, and S.J.Benkovic (1996).
The carboxyl terminus of the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase is required for holoenzyme complex formation.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 12822-12827.  
8703931 A.J.Berdis, and S.J.Benkovic (1996).
Role of adenosine 5'-triphosphate hydrolysis in the assembly of the bacteriophage T4 DNA replication holoenzyme complex.
  Biochemistry, 35, 9253-9265.  
  8890184 A.Jeltsch, C.Wenz, F.Stahl, and A.Pingoud (1996).
Linear diffusion of the restriction endonuclease EcoRV on DNA is essential for the in vivo function of the enzyme.
  EMBO J, 15, 5104-5111.  
8547244 B.F.Kaboord, and S.J.Benkovic (1996).
Dual role of the 44/62 protein as a matchmaker protein and DNA polymerase chaperone during assembly of the bacteriophage T4 holoenzyme complex.
  Biochemistry, 35, 1084-1092.  
8692872 D.Canceill, and S.D.Ehrlich (1996).
Copy-choice recombination mediated by DNA polymerase III holoenzyme from Escherichia coli.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 6647-6652.  
8940194 D.J.Mozzherin, M.McConnell, M.V.Jasko, A.A.Krayevsky, C.K.Tan, K.M.Downey, and P.A.Fisher (1996).
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen promotes misincorporation catalyzed by calf thymus DNA polymerase delta.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 31711-31717.  
8910415 D.J.Sexton, T.E.Carver, A.J.Berdis, and S.J.Benkovic (1996).
Protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions at the bacteriophage T4 DNA replication fork. Characterization of a fluorescently labeled DNA polymerase sliding clamp.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 28045-28051.  
8548826 D.R.Herendeen, and T.J.Kelly (1996).
DNA polymerase III: running rings around the fork.
  Cell, 84, 5-8.  
8702820 D.R.Kim, and C.S.McHenry (1996).
Identification of the beta-binding domain of the alpha subunit of Escherichia coli polymerase III holoenzyme.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 20699-20704.  
8692848 F.Uhlmann, J.Cai, H.Flores-Rozas, F.B.Dean, J.Finkelstein, M.O'Donnell, and J.Hurwitz (1996).
In vitro reconstitution of human replication factor C from its five subunits.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 6521-6526.  
  8628287 G.Stumpf, A.Goppelt, and H.Domdey (1996).
Pre-mRNA topology is important for 3'-end formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mammals.
  Mol Cell Biol, 16, 2204-2213.  
8643551 H.W.Sun, J.Bernhagen, R.Bucala, and E.Lolis (1996).
Crystal structure at 2.6-A resolution of human macrophage migration inhibitory factor.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 5191-5196.
PDB code: 1mif
8861913 J.M.Gulbis, Z.Kelman, J.Hurwitz, M.O'Donnell, and J.Kuriyan (1996).
Structure of the C-terminal region of p21(WAF1/CIP1) complexed with human PCNA.
  Cell, 87, 297-306.
PDB code: 1axc
8647134 K.L.Ball, and D.P.Lane (1996).
Human and plant proliferating-cell nuclear antigen have a highly conserved binding site for the p53-inducible gene product p21WAF1.
  Eur J Biochem, 237, 854-861.  
8621470 L.Blanco, and M.Salas (1996).
Relating structure to function in phi29 DNA polymerase.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 8509-8512.  
  8770585 M.A.McAlear, K.M.Tuffo, and C.Holm (1996).
The large subunit of replication factor C (Rfc1p/Cdc44p) is required for DNA replication and DNA repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Genetics, 142, 65-78.  
  8947056 M.D.Szczelkun, M.S.Dillingham, P.Janscak, K.Firman, and S.E.Halford (1996).
Repercussions of DNA tracking by the type IC restriction endonuclease EcoR124I on linear, circular and catenated substrates.
  EMBO J, 15, 6335-6347.  
8652555 M.J.Jezewska, U.S.Kim, and W.Bujalowski (1996).
Binding of Escherichia coli primary replicative helicase DnaB protein to single-stranded DNA. Long-range allosteric conformational changes within the protein hexamer.
  Biochemistry, 35, 2129-2145.  
8679582 M.McConnell, H.Miller, D.J.Mozzherin, A.Quamina, C.K.Tan, K.M.Downey, and P.A.Fisher (1996).
The mammalian DNA polymerase delta--proliferating cell nuclear antigen--template-primer complex: molecular characterization by direct binding.
  Biochemistry, 35, 8268-8274.  
8663159 M.P.Arroyo, K.M.Downey, A.G.So, and T.S.Wang (1996).
Schizosaccharomyces pombe proliferating cell nuclear antigen mutations affect DNA polymerase delta processivity.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 15971-15980.  
  8889514 N.S.Amin, and C.Holm (1996).
In vivo analysis reveals that the interdomain region of the yeast proliferating cell nuclear antigen is important for DNA replication and DNA repair.
  Genetics, 144, 479-493.  
  8861969 R.Fotedar, R.Mossi, P.Fitzgerald, T.Rousselle, G.Maga, H.Brickner, H.Messier, S.Kasibhatla, U.Hübscher, and A.Fotedar (1996).
A conserved domain of the large subunit of replication factor C binds PCNA and acts like a dominant negative inhibitor of DNA replication in mammalian cells.
  EMBO J, 15, 4423-4433.  
  8890176 R.L.Tinker-Kulberg, T.J.Fu, E.P.Geiduschek, and G.A.Kassavetis (1996).
A direct interaction between a DNA-tracking protein and a promoter recognition protein: implications for searching DNA sequence.
  EMBO J, 15, 5032-5039.  
8626779 S.Kim, H.G.Dallmann, C.S.McHenry, and K.J.Marians (1996).
Tau protects beta in the leading-strand polymerase complex at the replication fork.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 4315-4318.  
8954159 T.Hermann, and H.Heumann (1996).
Strained template under the thumbs. How reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 moves along its template.
  Eur J Biochem, 242, 98.  
  8861968 T.J.Fu, G.M.Sanders, M.O'Donnell, and E.P.Geiduschek (1996).
Dynamics of DNA-tracking by two sliding-clamp proteins.
  EMBO J, 15, 4414-4422.  
8548818 V.Naktinis, J.Turner, and M.O'Donnell (1996).
A molecular switch in a replication machine defined by an internal competition for protein rings.
  Cell, 84, 137-145.  
  7853503 A.Kiehl, and D.I.Dorsky (1995).
Bipartite DNA-binding region of the Epstein-Barr virus BMRF1 product essential for DNA polymerase accessory function.
  J Virol, 69, 1669-1677.  
8521466 A.Polyakov, E.Severinova, and S.A.Darst (1995).
Three-dimensional structure of E. coli core RNA polymerase: promoter binding and elongation conformations of the enzyme.
  Cell, 83, 365-373.  
8710827 C.M.Lemer, M.J.Rooman, and S.J.Wodak (1995).
Protein structure prediction by threading methods: evaluation of current techniques.
  Proteins, 23, 337-355.  
  7474115 C.S.Chow, and D.M.Coen (1995).
Mutations that specifically impair the DNA binding activity of the herpes simplex virus protein UL42.
  J Virol, 69, 6965-6971.  
7627541 C.Wyman, and M.Botchan (1995).
DNA replication. A familiar ring to DNA polymerase processivity.
  Curr Biol, 5, 334-337.  
7539708 E.Arnold, J.Ding, S.H.Hughes, and Z.Hostomsky (1995).
Structures of DNA and RNA polymerases and their interactions with nucleic acid substrates.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 5, 27-38.  
7744235 E.N.Brody, G.A.Kassavetis, M.Ouhammouch, G.M.Sanders, R.L.Tinker, and E.P.Geiduschek (1995).
Old phage, new insights: two recently recognized mechanisms of transcriptional regulation in bacteriophage T4 development.
  FEMS Microbiol Lett, 128, 1-8.  
7780738 E.Warbrick, D.P.Lane, D.M.Glover, and L.S.Cox (1995).
A small peptide inhibitor of DNA replication defines the site of interaction between the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  Curr Biol, 5, 275-282.  
  7664736 G.M.Sanders, G.A.Kassavetis, and E.P.Geiduschek (1995).
Rules governing the efficiency and polarity of loading a tracking clamp protein onto DNA: determinants of enhancement in bacteriophage T4 late transcription.
  EMBO J, 14, 3966-3976.  
  7707503 H.Berthomme, S.J.Monahan, D.S.Parris, B.Jacquemont, and A.L.Epstein (1995).
Cloning, sequencing, and functional characterization of the two subunits of the pseudorabies virus DNA polymerase holoenzyme: evidence for specificity of interaction.
  J Virol, 69, 2811-2818.  
7493998 H.G.Dallmann, R.L.Thimmig, and C.S.McHenry (1995).
DnaX complex of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme. Central role of tau in initiation complex assembly and in determining the functional asymmetry of holoenzyme.
  J Biol Chem, 270, 29555-29562.  
7768939 H.Xiao, V.Naktinis, and M.O'Donnell (1995).
Assembly of a chromosomal replication machine: two DNA polymerases, a clamp loader, and sliding clamps in one holoenzyme particle. IV. ATP-binding site mutants identify the clamp loader.
  J Biol Chem, 270, 13378-13383.  
7673244 K.Fukuda, H.Morioka, S.Imajou, S.Ikeda, E.Ohtsuka, and T.Tsurimoto (1995).
Structure-function relationship of the eukaryotic DNA replication factor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  J Biol Chem, 270, 22527-22534.  
  7760803 L.M.Podust, V.N.Podust, J.M.Sogo, and U.Hübscher (1995).
Mammalian DNA polymerase auxiliary proteins: analysis of replication factor C-catalyzed proliferating cell nuclear antigen loading onto circular double-stranded DNA.
  Mol Cell Biol, 15, 3072-3081.  
8747458 N.Lue, A.Sharma, A.Mondragón, and J.C.Wang (1995).
A 26 kDa yeast DNA topoisomerase I fragment: crystallographic structure and mechanistic implications.
  Structure, 3, 1315-1322.
PDB code: 1ois
7743127 P.H.von Hippel (1995).
A ring to bind eukaryotic DNA polymerase.
  Structure, 3, 123-124.  
  7623835 R.Ayyagari, K.J.Impellizzeri, B.L.Yoder, S.L.Gary, and P.M.Burgers (1995).
A mutational analysis of the yeast proliferating cell nuclear antigen indicates distinct roles in DNA replication and DNA repair.
  Mol Cell Biol, 15, 4420-4429.  
7713898 S.J.Zhang, X.R.Zeng, P.Zhang, N.L.Toomey, R.Y.Chuang, L.S.Chang, and M.Y.Lee (1995).
A conserved region in the amino terminus of DNA polymerase delta is involved in proliferating cell nuclear antigen binding.
  J Biol Chem, 270, 7988-7992.  
7538662 S.Kim, and K.J.Marians (1995).
DNA and RNA-DNA annealing activity associated with the tau subunit of the Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 23, 1374-1379.  
8539242 U.K.Urs, D.J.Sharkey, T.S.Peat, W.A.Hendrickson, and K.Murthy (1995).
Characterization of crystals of the thermostable DNA polymerase I from Thermus aquaticus.
  Proteins, 23, 111-114.  
8574578 Z.Kelman, J.Finkelstein, and M.O'Donnell (1995).
Protein structure. Why have six-fold symmetry?
  Curr Biol, 5, 1239-1242.  
7478986 Z.Kelman, and M.O'Donnell (1995).
Structural and functional similarities of prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA polymerase sliding clamps.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 23, 3613-3620.  
7583129 Z.Kelman, and M.O'Donnell (1995).
Embryonic PCNA: a missing link?
  Curr Biol, 5, 814.  
  8521831 Z.O.Jónsson, V.N.Podust, L.M.Podust, and U.Hübscher (1995).
Tyrosine 114 is essential for the trimeric structure and the functional activities of human proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
  EMBO J, 14, 5745-5751.  
8087839 B.Stillman (1994).
Smart machines at the DNA replication fork.
  Cell, 78, 725-728.  
8052646 G.M.Sanders, G.A.Kassavetis, and E.P.Geiduschek (1994).
Use of a macromolecular crowding agent to dissect interactions and define functions in transcriptional activation by a DNA-tracking protein: bacteriophage T4 gene 45 protein and late transcription.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91, 7703-7707.  
7915843 H.Flores-Rozas, Z.Kelman, F.B.Dean, Z.Q.Pan, J.W.Harper, S.J.Elledge, M.O'Donnell, and J.Hurwitz (1994).
Cdk-interacting protein 1 directly binds with proliferating cell nuclear antigen and inhibits DNA replication catalyzed by the DNA polymerase delta holoenzyme.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91, 8655-8659.  
7922035 J.Janin (1994).
Proteins with a ring.
  Structure, 2, 571-573.  
7915029 L.M.Podust, V.N.Podust, C.Floth, and U.Hübscher (1994).
Assembly of DNA polymerase delta and epsilon holoenzymes depends on the geometry of the DNA template.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 22, 2970-2975.  
  7516465 M.A.McAlear, E.A.Howell, K.K.Espenshade, and C.Holm (1994).
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pol30) mutations suppress cdc44 mutations and identify potential regions of interaction between the two encoded proteins.
  Mol Cell Biol, 14, 4390-4397.  
8092672 M.O'Donnell (1994).
Beta sliding clamp dynamics within E. coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  Ann N Y Acad Sci, 726, 144.  
8087854 P.T.Stukenberg, J.Turner, and M.O'Donnell (1994).
An explanation for lagging strand replication: polymerase hopping among DNA sliding clamps.
  Cell, 78, 877-887.  
8092683 R.D.Wood (1994).
Studying nucleotide excision repair of mammalian DNA in a cell-free system.
  Ann N Y Acad Sci, 726, 274.  
  7957099 R.L.Tinker, G.A.Kassavetis, and E.P.Geiduschek (1994).
Detecting the ability of viral, bacterial and eukaryotic replication proteins to track along DNA.
  EMBO J, 13, 5330-5337.  
8168131 R.L.Tinker, K.P.Williams, G.A.Kassavetis, and E.P.Geiduschek (1994).
Transcriptional activation by a DNA-tracking protein: structural consequences of enhancement at the T4 late promoter.
  Cell, 77, 225-237.  
  8300534 S.C.Slater, M.R.Lifsics, M.O'Donnell, and R.Maurer (1994).
holE, the gene coding for the theta subunit of DNA polymerase III of Escherichia coli: characterization of a holE mutant and comparison with a dnaQ (epsilon-subunit) mutant.
  J Bacteriol, 176, 815-821.  
7913441 T.Matsumoto, S.Hata, I.Suzuka, and J.Hashimoto (1994).
Expression of functional proliferating-cell nuclear antigen from rice (Oryza sativa) in Escherichia coli. Activity in association with human DNA polymerase delta.
  Eur J Biochem, 223, 179-187.  
8001157 T.S.Krishna, X.P.Kong, S.Gary, P.M.Burgers, and J.Kuriyan (1994).
Crystal structure of the eukaryotic DNA polymerase processivity factor PCNA.
  Cell, 79, 1233-1243.
PDB codes: 1plq 1plr
8032195 Z.Kelman, and M.O'Donnell (1994).
DNA replication: enzymology and mechanisms.
  Curr Opin Genet Dev, 4, 185-195.  
  8376347 A.Blinkova, C.Hervas, P.T.Stukenberg, R.Onrust, M.E.O'Donnell, and J.R.Walker (1993).
The Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme contains both products of the dnaX gene, tau and gamma, but only tau is essential.
  J Bacteriol, 175, 6018-6027.  
8248185 B.F.Kaboord, and S.J.Benkovic (1993).
Rapid assembly of the bacteriophage T4 core replication complex on a linear primer/template construct.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, 10881-10885.  
8404814 D.E.Lewis, and J.Carey (1993).
Analysis of trp repressor-DNA interactions using gel electrophoresis.
  Electrophoresis, 14, 713-719.  
  8383221 D.J.Tenney, W.W.Hurlburt, M.Bifano, J.T.Stevens, P.A.Micheletti, R.K.Hamatake, and M.G.Cordingley (1993).
Deletions of the carboxy terminus of herpes simplex virus type 1 UL42 define a conserved amino-terminal functional domain.
  J Virol, 67, 1959-1966.  
8248204 F.Bunz, R.Kobayashi, and B.Stillman (1993).
cDNAs encoding the large subunit of human replication factor C.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, 11014-11018.  
8274862 G.T.Marczynski, and L.Shapiro (1993).
Bacterial chromosome origins of replication.
  Curr Opin Genet Dev, 3, 775-782.  
7763979 J.A.Tainer, and R.P.Cunningham (1993).
Molecular recognition in DNA-binding proteins and enzymes.
  Curr Opin Biotechnol, 4, 474-483.  
  8366044 J.R.Carter, M.A.Franden, R.Aebersold, and C.S.McHenry (1993).
Identification, isolation, and overexpression of the gene encoding the psi subunit of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  J Bacteriol, 175, 5604-5610.  
  8509334 J.R.Carter, M.A.Franden, R.Aebersold, and C.S.McHenry (1993).
Identification, isolation, and characterization of the structural gene encoding the delta' subunit of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  J Bacteriol, 175, 3812-3822.  
8341603 J.R.Carter, M.A.Franden, R.Aebersold, D.R.Kim, and C.S.McHenry (1993).
Isolation, sequencing and overexpression of the gene encoding the theta subunit of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 21, 3281-3286.  
8099897 M.I.Filipe, R.Mendes, D.P.Lane, and R.W.Morris (1993).
Assessment of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in precursor stages of gastric carcinoma using the PC10 antibody to PCNA.
  Histopathology, 22, 349-354.  
8475061 M.K.Reddy, S.E.Weitzel, and P.H.von Hippel (1993).
Assembly of a functional replication complex without ATP hydrolysis: a direct interaction of bacteriophage T4 gp45 with T4 DNA polymerase.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, 3211-3215.  
8441605 M.O'Donnell, R.Onrust, F.B.Dean, M.Chen, and J.Hurwitz (1993).
Homology in accessory proteins of replicative polymerases--E. coli to humans.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 21, 1-3.  
8464864 M.W.Frey, N.G.Nossal, T.L.Capson, and S.J.Benkovic (1993).
Construction and characterization of a bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase deficient in 3'-->5' exonuclease activity.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, 2579-2583.  
8265586 P.D.Burbelo, A.Utani, Z.Q.Pan, and Y.Yamada (1993).
Cloning of the large subunit of activator 1 (replication factor C) reveals homology with bacterial DNA ligases.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90, 11543-11547.  
  8437207 P.Digard, C.S.Chow, L.Pirrit, and D.M.Coen (1993).
Functional analysis of the herpes simplex virus UL42 protein.
  J Virol, 67, 1159-1168.  
  8380085 P.Digard, W.R.Bebrin, K.Weisshart, and D.M.Coen (1993).
The extreme C terminus of herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase is crucial for functional interaction with processivity factor UL42 and for viral replication.
  J Virol, 67, 398-406.  
  8440247 S.Bienroth, W.Keller, and E.Wahle (1993).
Assembly of a processive messenger RNA polyadenylation complex.
  EMBO J, 12, 585-594.  
8274853 S.Murli, and G.C.Walker (1993).
SOS mutagenesis.
  Curr Opin Genet Dev, 3, 719-725.  
  8299359 Z.Livneh, O.Cohen-Fix, R.Skaliter, and T.Elizur (1993).
Replication of damaged DNA and the molecular mechanism of ultraviolet light mutagenesis.
  Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol, 28, 465-513.  
1359505 C.L.O'Day, P.M.Burgers, and J.S.Taylor (1992).
PCNA-induced DNA synthesis past cis-syn and trans-syn-I thymine dimers by calf thymus DNA polymerase delta in vitro.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 20, 5403-5406.  
1508673 D.Coverley, M.K.Kenny, D.P.Lane, and R.D.Wood (1992).
A role for the human single-stranded DNA binding protein HSSB/RPA in an early stage of nucleotide excision repair.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 20, 3873-3880.  
14731925 J.F.Diffley (1992).
Early events in eukaryotic DNA replication.
  Trends Cell Biol, 2, 298-303.  
15335940 J.M.Friedman (1992).
Holding on and letting go.
  Curr Biol, 2, 296-298.  
1330327 J.Roca, and J.C.Wang (1992).
The capture of a DNA double helix by an ATP-dependent protein clamp: a key step in DNA transport by type II DNA topoisomerases.
  Cell, 71, 833-840.  
  1358275 M.O'Donnell, J.Kuriyan, X.P.Kong, P.T.Stukenberg, and R.Onrust (1992).
The sliding clamp of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme encircles DNA.
  Mol Biol Cell, 3, 953-957.  
The most recent references are shown first. Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be only a partial list as not all journals are covered by either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data so more and more references will be included with time. Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB code is shown on the right.

 

spacer
spacer