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PDBsum entry 2amp
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protein ligands Protein-protein interface(s) links
Hydrolase PDB id
2amp

 

 

 

 

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JSmol PyMol  
Contents
Protein chains
299 a.a. *
Ligands
I12 ×2
Waters ×90
* Residue conservation analysis
PDB id:
2amp
Name: Hydrolase
Title: Crystal structure of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus mpro in complex with an inhibitor n1
Structure: 3c-like proteinase. Chain: a, b. Synonym: tgev main protease, 3cl-pro. Engineered: yes
Source: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Organism_taxid: 11149. Expressed in: escherichia coli bl21(de3). Expression_system_taxid: 469008.
Biol. unit: Dimer (from PQS)
Resolution:
2.70Å     R-factor:   0.234     R-free:   0.271
Authors: H.Yang,X.Xue,K.Yang,Q.Zhao,M.Bartlam,Z.Rao
Key ref: H.Yang et al. (2005). Design of wide-spectrum inhibitors targeting coronavirus main proteases. Plos Biol, 3, e324-334. PubMed id: 16128623
Date:
10-Aug-05     Release date:   13-Sep-05    
PROCHECK
Go to PROCHECK summary
 Headers
 References

Protein chains
Pfam   ArchSchema ?
P0C6Y5  (R1AB_CVPPU) -  Replicase polyprotein 1ab from Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (strain Purdue)
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
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Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		6684 a.a.
299 a.a.
Key:    PfamA domain  Secondary structure  CATH domain

 Enzyme reactions 
   Enzyme class 2: E.C.2.1.1.57  - methyltransferase cap1.
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
      Reaction: a 5'-end (N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-ribonucleoside in mRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = a 5'-end (N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)- (2'-O-methyl-ribonucleoside) in mRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+
5'-end (N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-ribonucleoside in mRNA
 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
 = 5'-end (N(7)-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)- (2'-O-methyl-ribonucleoside) in mRNA
 + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine
 + H(+)
   Enzyme class 3: E.C.2.7.7.48  - RNA-directed Rna polymerase.
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
      Reaction: RNA(n) + a ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate = RNA(n+1) + diphosphate
RNA(n)
 + ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate
 = RNA(n+1)
 + diphosphate
   Enzyme class 4: E.C.2.7.7.50  - mRNA guanylyltransferase.
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
      Reaction: a 5'-end diphospho-ribonucleoside in mRNA + GTP + H+ = a 5'-end (5'-triphosphoguanosine)-ribonucleoside in mRNA + diphosphate
5'-end diphospho-ribonucleoside in mRNA
 + GTP
 + H(+)
 = 5'-end (5'-triphosphoguanosine)-ribonucleoside in mRNA
 + diphosphate
   Enzyme class 5: E.C.3.1.13.-  - ?????
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
   Enzyme class 6: E.C.3.4.19.12  - ubiquitinyl hydrolase 1.
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
      Reaction: Thiol-dependent hydrolysis of ester, thiolester, amide, peptide and isopeptide bonds formed by the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin (a 76-residue protein attached to proteins as an intracellular targeting signal).
   Enzyme class 7: E.C.3.4.22.-  - ?????
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
   Enzyme class 8: E.C.3.6.4.12  - Dna helicase.
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
      Reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + H+
ATP
 + H2O
 = ADP
 + phosphate
 + H(+)
   Enzyme class 9: E.C.3.6.4.13  - Rna helicase.
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
      Reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate + H+
ATP
 + H2O
 = ADP
 + phosphate
 + H(+)
   Enzyme class 10: E.C.4.6.1.-  - ?????
[IntEnz]   [ExPASy]   [KEGG]   [BRENDA]
Note, where more than one E.C. class is given (as above), each may correspond to a different protein domain or, in the case of polyprotein precursors, to a different mature protein.
Molecule diagrams generated from .mol files obtained from the KEGG ftp site

 

 
    reference    
 
 
Plos Biol 3:e324-334 (2005)
PubMed id: 16128623  
 
 
Design of wide-spectrum inhibitors targeting coronavirus main proteases.
H.Yang, W.Xie, X.Xue, K.Yang, J.Ma, W.Liang, Q.Zhao, Z.Zhou, D.Pei, J.Ziebuhr, R.Hilgenfeld, K.Y.Yuen, L.Wong, G.Gao, S.Chen, Z.Chen, D.Ma, M.Bartlam, Z.Rao.
 
  ABSTRACT  
 
The genus Coronavirus contains about 25 species of coronaviruses (CoVs), which are important pathogens causing highly prevalent diseases and often severe or fatal in humans and animals. No licensed specific drugs are available to prevent their infection. Different host receptors for cellular entry, poorly conserved structural proteins (antigens), and the high mutation and recombination rates of CoVs pose a significant problem in the development of wide-spectrum anti-CoV drugs and vaccines. CoV main proteases (M(pro)s), which are key enzymes in viral gene expression and replication, were revealed to share a highly conservative substrate-recognition pocket by comparison of four crystal structures and a homology model representing all three genetic clusters of the genus Coronavirus. This conclusion was further supported by enzyme activity assays. Mechanism-based irreversible inhibitors were designed, based on this conserved structural region, and a uniform inhibition mechanism was elucidated from the structures of Mpro-inhibitor complexes from severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus. A structure-assisted optimization program has yielded compounds with fast in vitro inactivation of multiple CoV M(pro)s, potent antiviral activity, and extremely low cellular toxicity in cell-based assays. Further modification could rapidly lead to the discovery of a single agent with clinical potential against existing and possible future emerging CoV-related diseases.
 

Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference

  PubMed id Reference
20021285 H.M.Wang, and P.H.Liang (2010).
Picornaviral 3C protease inhibitors and the dual 3C protease/coronaviral 3C-like protease inhibitors.
  Expert Opin Ther Pat, 20, 59-71.  
20371333 S.C.Cheng, G.G.Chang, and C.Y.Chou (2010).
Mutation of Glu-166 blocks the substrate-induced dimerization of SARS coronavirus main protease.
  Biophys J, 98, 1327-1336.  
20444893 S.Fang, H.Shen, J.Wang, F.P.Tay, and D.X.Liu (2010).
Functional and genetic studies of the substrate specificity of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus 3C-like proteinase.
  J Virol, 84, 7325-7336.  
19710146 C.L.Wohlford-Lenane, D.K.Meyerholz, S.Perlman, H.Zhou, D.Tran, M.E.Selsted, and P.B.McCray (2009).
Rhesus theta-defensin prevents death in a mouse model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pulmonary disease.
  J Virol, 83, 11385-11390.  
18448452 K.Fiehler, M.Burke, S.Bien, B.Röder, and F.Rösler (2009).
The human dorsal action control system develops in the absence of vision.
  Cereb Cortex, 19, 1.  
  19319935 N.Zhong, S.Zhang, F.Xue, X.Kang, P.Zou, J.Chen, C.Liang, Z.Rao, C.Jin, Z.Lou, and B.Xia (2009).
C-terminal domain of SARS-CoV main protease can form a 3D domain-swapped dimer.
  Protein Sci, 18, 839-844.
PDB codes: 2k7x 3ebn
19687041 Y.Ma, Y.Feng, D.Liu, and G.F.Gao (2009).
Avian influenza virus, Streptococcus suis serotype 2, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and beyond: molecular epidemiology, ecology and the situation in China.
  Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 364, 2725-2737.  
17931870 C.Niu, J.Yin, J.Zhang, J.C.Vederas, and M.N.James (2008).
Molecular docking identifies the binding of 3-chloropyridine moieties specifically to the S1 pocket of SARS-CoV Mpro.
  Bioorg Med Chem, 16, 293-302.  
18282486 J.Weigelt, L.D.McBroom-Cerajewski, M.Schapira, Y.Zhao, C.H.Arrowsmith, and C.H.Arrowmsmith (2008).
Structural genomics and drug discovery: all in the family.
  Curr Opin Chem Biol, 12, 32-39.  
18156685 M.Bartlam, X.Xue, and Z.Rao (2008).
The search for a structural basis for therapeutic intervention against the SARS coronavirus.
  Acta Crystallogr A, 64, 204-213.  
18305043 N.Zhong, S.Zhang, P.Zou, J.Chen, X.Kang, Z.Li, C.Liang, C.Jin, and B.Xia (2008).
Without its N-finger, the main protease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus can form a novel dimer through its C-terminal domain.
  J Virol, 82, 4227-4234.  
18562531 Q.Zhao, S.Li, F.Xue, Y.Zou, C.Chen, M.Bartlam, and Z.Rao (2008).
Structure of the main protease from a global infectious human coronavirus, HCoV-HKU1.
  J Virol, 82, 8647-8655.
PDB code: 3d23
18611220 U.Bacha, J.Barrila, S.B.Gabelli, Y.Kiso, L.Mario Amzel, and E.Freire (2008).
Development of broad-spectrum halomethyl ketone inhibitors against coronavirus main protease 3CL(pro).
  Chem Biol Drug Des, 72, 34-49.
PDB code: 3d62
18094151 X.Xue, H.Yu, H.Yang, F.Xue, Z.Wu, W.Shen, J.Li, Z.Zhou, Y.Ding, Q.Zhao, X.C.Zhang, M.Liao, M.Bartlam, and Z.Rao (2008).
Structures of two coronavirus main proteases: implications for substrate binding and antiviral drug design.
  J Virol, 82, 2515-2527.
PDB codes: 2q6d 2q6f 2q6g
17461975 D.Plewczynski, M.Hoffmann, M.von Grotthuss, K.Ginalski, and L.Rychewski (2007).
In silico prediction of SARS protease inhibitors by virtual high throughput screening.
  Chem Biol Drug Des, 69, 269-279.  
  17183167 J.Li, W.Shen, M.Liao, and M.Bartlam (2007).
Preliminary crystallographic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus main protease.
  Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 63, 24-26.  
17079323 K.Pyrc, B.Berkhout, and L.van der Hoek (2007).
The novel human coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1.
  J Virol, 81, 3051-3057.  
17680348 M.Bartlam, Y.Xu, and Z.Rao (2007).
Structural proteomics of the SARS coronavirus: a model response to emerging infectious diseases.
  J Struct Funct Genomics, 8, 85-97.  
17722121 Y.M.Shao, W.B.Yang, H.P.Peng, M.F.Hsu, K.C.Tsai, T.H.Kuo, A.H.Wang, P.H.Liang, C.H.Lin, A.S.Yang, and C.H.Wong (2007).
Structure-based design and synthesis of highly potent SARS-CoV 3CL protease inhibitors.
  Chembiochem, 8, 1654-1657.  
17392370 Z.Chen, Y.Wang, K.Ratia, A.D.Mesecar, K.D.Wilkinson, and S.C.Baker (2007).
Proteolytic processing and deubiquitinating activity of papain-like proteases of human coronavirus NL63.
  J Virol, 81, 6007-6018.  
17327211 Z.Rao (2007).
History of protein crystallography in China.
  Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 362, 1035-1042.  
16437080 A.Mandavilli (2006).
China: open season.
  Nature, 439, 382-383.  
16873247 D.Su, Z.Lou, F.Sun, Y.Zhai, H.Yang, R.Zhang, A.Joachimiak, X.C.Zhang, M.Bartlam, and Z.Rao (2006).
Dodecamer structure of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nonstructural protein nsp10.
  J Virol, 80, 7902-7908.
PDB codes: 2g9t 2ga6
16565086 H.Chen, P.Wei, C.Huang, L.Tan, Y.Liu, and L.Lai (2006).
Only one protomer is active in the dimer of SARS 3C-like proteinase.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 13894-13898.  
17085042 J.R.Mesters, J.Tan, and R.Hilgenfeld (2006).
Viral enzymes.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 16, 776-786.  
16478476 J.Shi, and J.Song (2006).
The catalysis of the SARS 3C-like protease is under extensive regulation by its extra domain.
  FEBS J, 273, 1035-1045.  
16911043 L.van der Hoek, K.Pyrc, and B.Berkhout (2006).
Human coronavirus NL63, a new respiratory virus.
  FEMS Microbiol Rev, 30, 760-773.  
16688706 S.I.Al-Gharabli, S.T.Shah, S.Weik, M.F.Schmidt, J.R.Mesters, D.Kuhn, G.Klebe, R.Hilgenfeld, and J.Rademann (2006).
An efficient method for the synthesis of peptide aldehyde libraries employed in the discovery of reversible SARS coronavirus main protease (SARS-CoV Mpro) inhibitors.
  Chembiochem, 7, 1048-1055.  
16873248 X.Xu, Y.Zhai, F.Sun, Z.Lou, D.Su, Y.Xu, R.Zhang, A.Joachimiak, X.C.Zhang, M.Bartlam, and Z.Rao (2006).
New antiviral target revealed by the hexameric structure of mouse hepatitis virus nonstructural protein nsp15.
  J Virol, 80, 7909-7917.
PDB codes: 2gth 2gti
The most recent references are shown first. Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be only a partial list as not all journals are covered by either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data so more and more references will be included with time. Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB codes are shown on the right.

 

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