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"last-update": "2020-07-25T22:35:15",
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"study-abstract": "The domestication of animals is often viewed as one of the most important developments in modern human history. Although much attention has been paid to the effects of domestication on host phenotypes, the effects of domestication on the host gut microbiome is relatively understudied. Given the important role of the mammalian gut microbiome in host health, nutrition, and the immune system (McFall-Ngai et al. 2013), filling this knowledge gap has important potential health implications for livestock, pets, and for improving current management strategies. The diet of domesticated animals is often highly different and less varied than their ancestral diet (e.g. dogs eating Iams or Purina processed food vs. wolves eating caribou or bison). We propose to study equids as a model for investigating the effects of domestication in mammals. We collected fecal samples from 45 individuals in the last wild population of the highly endangered Przewalski horse (Equus przewalskii) in Mongolia. The horse population was monitered with binoculars and fecal material was collected within an hour (usually within minutes) of defecation, allowing each fecal sample to be associated with a particular horse. Extremely detailed metadata is available for the population investigated, including pedigree, age, social structure, health, reintroduction dates, whole-genome data and years of daily behavioral observations in the field. We will compare the gut microbiota of these samples to fecal samples collected from 36 wild, domesticated horses living in the same region of Mongolia, which will allow us to isolate the effects of domestication/species differences from effects of current diet. We hypothesize that the gut microbiome of domesticated horses will have lower microbial diversity than the microbiome of their undomesticated relatives.",
"study-name": "Characterizing the gut microbiome of the last population of undomesticated horses living in the wild, the Przewalski horse",
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