1mqm Citations

X-ray structure of the hemagglutinin of a potential H3 avian progenitor of the 1968 Hong Kong pandemic influenza virus.

Virology 309 209-18 (2003)
Related entries: 1mql, 1mqn

Cited: 117 times
EuropePMC logo PMID: 12758169

Abstract

We have determined the structure of the HA of an avian influenza virus, A/duck/Ukraine/63, a member of the same antigenic subtype, H3, as the virus that caused the 1968 Hong Kong influenza pandemic, and a possible progenitor of the pandemic virus. We find that structurally significant differences between the avian and the human HAs are restricted to the receptor-binding site particularly the substitutions Q226L and G228S that cause the site to open and residues within it to rearrange, including the conserved residues Y98, W153, and H183. We have also analyzed complexes formed by the HA with sialopentasaccharides in which the terminal sialic acid is in either alpha2,3- or alpha2,6-linkage to galactose. Comparing the structures of complexes in which an alpha2,3-linked receptor analog is bound to the H3 avian HA or to an H5 avian HA leads to the suggestion that all avian influenza HAs bind to their preferred alpha2,3-linked receptors similarly, with the analog in a trans conformation about the glycosidic linkage. We find that alpha2,6-linked analogs are bound by both human and avian HAs in a cis conformation, and that the incompatibility of an alpha2,6-linked receptor with the alpha2,3-linkage-specific H3 avian HA-binding site is partially resolved by a small change in the position and orientation of the sialic acid. We discuss our results in relation to the mechanism of transfer of influenza viruses between species.

Reviews - 1mqm mentioned but not cited (4)

  1. Sialic Acid Receptors of Viruses. Matrosovich M, Herrler G, Klenk HD. Top Curr Chem 367 1-28 (2015)
  2. Adaptation of influenza viruses to human airway receptors. Thompson AJ, Paulson JC. J Biol Chem 296 100017 (2021)
  3. Glycan receptor specificity as a useful tool for characterization and surveillance of influenza A virus. Raman R, Tharakaraman K, Shriver Z, Jayaraman A, Sasisekharan V, Sasisekharan R. Trends Microbiol. 22 632-641 (2014)
  4. Avian Influenza Virus Tropism in Humans. AbuBakar U, Amrani L, Kamarulzaman FA, Karsani SA, Hassandarvish P, Khairat JE. Viruses 15 833 (2023)

Articles - 1mqm mentioned but not cited (13)

  1. Heterosubtypic neutralizing monoclonal antibodies cross-protective against H5N1 and H1N1 recovered from human IgM+ memory B cells. Throsby M, van den Brink E, Jongeneelen M, Poon LL, Alard P, Cornelissen L, Bakker A, Cox F, van Deventer E, Guan Y, Cinatl J, ter Meulen J, Lasters I, Carsetti R, Peiris M, de Kruif J, Goudsmit J. PLoS ONE 3 e3942 (2008)
  2. Acquisition of human-type receptor binding specificity by new H5N1 influenza virus sublineages during their emergence in birds in Egypt. Watanabe Y, Ibrahim MS, Ellakany HF, Kawashita N, Mizuike R, Hiramatsu H, Sriwilaijaroen N, Takagi T, Suzuki Y, Ikuta K. PLoS Pathog. 7 e1002068 (2011)
  3. 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X is the common receptor determinant recognized by H5, H6, H7 and H9 influenza viruses of terrestrial poultry. Gambaryan AS, Tuzikov AB, Pazynina GV, Desheva JA, Bovin NV, Matrosovich MN, Klimov AI. Virol. J. 5 85 (2008)
  4. Structure and receptor complexes of the hemagglutinin from a highly pathogenic H7N7 influenza virus. Yang H, Carney PJ, Donis RO, Stevens J. J. Virol. 86 8645-8652 (2012)
  5. Nothing to sneeze at: a dynamic and integrative computational model of an influenza A virion. Reddy T, Shorthouse D, Parton DL, Jefferys E, Fowler PW, Chavent M, Baaden M, Sansom MSP. Structure 23 584-597 (2015)
  6. Formation of raft-like assemblies within clusters of influenza hemagglutinin observed by MD simulations. Parton DL, Tek A, Baaden M, Sansom MS. PLoS Comput. Biol. 9 e1003034 (2013)
  7. Theoretical investigation on the binding specificity of sialyldisaccharides with hemagglutinins of influenza A virus by molecular dynamics simulations. Priyadarzini TR, Selvin JF, Gromiha MM, Fukui K, Veluraja K. J. Biol. Chem. 287 34547-34557 (2012)
  8. Characterizing a histidine switch controlling pH-dependent conformational changes of the influenza virus hemagglutinin. Kalani MR, Moradi A, Moradi M, Tajkhorshid E. Biophys. J. 105 993-1003 (2013)
  9. Multiplexed screening of natural humoral immunity identifies antibodies at fine specificity for complex and dynamic viral targets. McCutcheon KM, Gray J, Chen NY, Liu K, Park M, Ellsworth S, Tripp RA, Tompkins SM, Tompkins SM, Johnson SK, Samet S, Pereira L, Kauvar LM. MAbs 6 460-473 (2014)
  10. Structural and functional analysis of surface proteins from an A(H3N8) influenza virus isolated from New England harbor seals. Yang H, Nguyen HT, Carney PJ, Guo Z, Chang JC, Jones J, Davis CT, Villanueva JM, Gubareva LV, Stevens J. J. Virol. 89 2801-2812 (2015)
  11. HASP server: a database and structural visualization platform for comparative models of influenza A hemagglutinin proteins. Ambroggio XI, Dommer J, Gopalan V, Dunham EJ, Taubenberger JK, Hurt DE. BMC Bioinformatics 14 197 (2013)
  12. Computational Ways to Enhance Protein Inhibitor Design. Jernigan RL, Sankar K, Jia K, Faraggi E, Kloczkowski A. Front Mol Biosci 7 607323 (2020)
  13. Molecular-level simulation of pandemic influenza glycoproteins. Amaro RE, Li WW. Methods Mol. Biol. 819 575-594 (2012)


Reviews citing this publication (19)

  1. Cross-species virus transmission and the emergence of new epidemic diseases. Parrish CR, Holmes EC, Morens DM, Park EC, Burke DS, Calisher CH, Laughlin CA, Saif LJ, Daszak P. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 72 457-470 (2008)
  2. Influenza hemagglutinin and neuraminidase membrane glycoproteins. Gamblin SJ, Skehel JJ. J. Biol. Chem. 285 28403-28409 (2010)
  3. The origins of new pandemic viruses: the acquisition of new host ranges by canine parvovirus and influenza A viruses. Parrish CR, Kawaoka Y. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 59 553-586 (2005)
  4. Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission. Graham RL, Baric RS. J. Virol. 84 3134-3146 (2010)
  5. Enabling the 'host jump': structural determinants of receptor-binding specificity in influenza A viruses. Shi Y, Wu Y, Zhang W, Qi J, Gao GF. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 12 822-831 (2014)
  6. Glycans as receptors for influenza pathogenesis. Viswanathan K, Chandrasekaran A, Srinivasan A, Raman R, Sasisekharan V, Sasisekharan R. Glycoconj. J. 27 561-570 (2010)
  7. The Polyomaviridae: Contributions of virus structure to our understanding of virus receptors and infectious entry. Neu U, Stehle T, Atwood WJ. Virology 384 389-399 (2009)
  8. Structural basis of influenza virus neutralization. Han T, Marasco WA. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1217 178-190 (2011)
  9. Harnessing glycomics technologies: integrating structure with function for glycan characterization. Robinson LN, Artpradit C, Raman R, Shriver ZH, Ruchirawat M, Sasisekharan R. Electrophoresis 33 797-814 (2012)
  10. Hemagglutinin Structure and Activities. Gamblin SJ, Vachieri SG, Xiong X, Zhang J, Martin SR, Skehel JJ. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 11 a038638 (2021)
  11. What adaptive changes in hemagglutinin and neuraminidase are necessary for emergence of pandemic influenza virus from its avian precursor? Gambaryan AS, Matrosovich MN. Biochemistry Mosc. 80 872-880 (2015)
  12. Breaking the Convention: Sialoglycan Variants, Coreceptors, and Alternative Receptors for Influenza A Virus Entry. Karakus U, Pohl MO, Stertz S. J Virol 94 (2020)
  13. The Interplay between the Host Receptor and Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase. Byrd-Leotis L, Cummings RD, Steinhauer DA. Int J Mol Sci 18 (2017)
  14. Host Receptors of Influenza Viruses and Coronaviruses-Molecular Mechanisms of Recognition. Sriwilaijaroen N, Suzuki Y. Vaccines (Basel) 8 E587 (2020)
  15. Competitive Cooperation of Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase during Influenza A Virus Entry. Du R, Cui Q, Rong L. Viruses 11 (2019)
  16. Potential role of viral metagenomics as a surveillance tool for the early detection of emerging novel pathogens. Mohsin H, Asif A, Fatima M, Rehman Y. Arch Microbiol 203 865-872 (2021)
  17. The structural variability of the influenza A hemagglutinin receptor-binding site. Lazniewski M, Dawson WK, Szczepinska T, Plewczynski D. Brief Funct Genomics 17 415-427 (2018)
  18. A Portrait of the Sialyl Glycan Receptor Specificity of the H10 Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin-A Picture of an Avian Virus on the Verge of Becoming a Pandemic? Schneider EK, Li J, Velkov T. Vaccines (Basel) 5 (2017)
  19. Conformation and Linkage Studies of Specific Oligosaccharides Related to H1N1, H5N1, and Human Flu for Developing the Second Tamiflu. Yoo E. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 22 93-99 (2014)

Articles citing this publication (81)

  1. Structural and functional bases for broad-spectrum neutralization of avian and human influenza A viruses. Sui J, Hwang WC, Perez S, Wei G, Aird D, Chen LM, Santelli E, Stec B, Cadwell G, Ali M, Wan H, Murakami A, Yammanuru A, Han T, Cox NJ, Bankston LA, Donis RO, Liddington RC, Marasco WA. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 16 265-273 (2009)
  2. Highly conserved protective epitopes on influenza B viruses. Dreyfus C, Laursen NS, Kwaks T, Zuijdgeest D, Khayat R, Ekiert DC, Lee JH, Metlagel Z, Bujny MV, Jongeneelen M, van der Vlugt R, Lamrani M, Korse HJ, Geelen E, Sahin Ö, Sieuwerts M, Brakenhoff JP, Vogels R, Li OT, Poon LL, Peiris M, Koudstaal W, Ward AB, Wilson IA, Goudsmit J, Friesen RH. Science 337 1343-1348 (2012)
  3. Glycan topology determines human adaptation of avian H5N1 virus hemagglutinin. Chandrasekaran A, Srinivasan A, Raman R, Viswanathan K, Raguram S, Tumpey TM, Sasisekharan V, Sasisekharan R. Nat. Biotechnol. 26 107-113 (2008)
  4. Cross-protective potential of a novel monoclonal antibody directed against antigenic site B of the hemagglutinin of influenza A viruses. Yoshida R, Igarashi M, Ozaki H, Kishida N, Tomabechi D, Kida H, Ito K, Takada A. PLoS Pathog. 5 e1000350 (2009)
  5. H1 and H7 influenza haemagglutinin structures extend a structural classification of haemagglutinin subtypes. Russell RJ, Gamblin SJ, Haire LF, Stevens DJ, Xiao B, Ha Y, Skehel JJ. Virology 325 287-296 (2004)
  6. Novel avian influenza H7N3 strain outbreak, British Columbia. Hirst M, Astell CR, Griffith M, Coughlin SM, Moksa M, Zeng T, Smailus DE, Holt RA, Jones S, Marra MA, Petric M, Krajden M, Lawrence D, Mak A, Chow R, Skowronski DM, Tweed SA, Goh S, Brunham RC, Robinson J, Bowes V, Sojonky K, Byrne SK, Li Y, Kobasa D, Booth T, Paetzel M. Emerging Infect. Dis. 10 2192-2195 (2004)
  7. Structures of receptor complexes formed by hemagglutinins from the Asian Influenza pandemic of 1957. Liu J, Stevens DJ, Haire LF, Walker PA, Coombs PJ, Russell RJ, Gamblin SJ, Skehel JJ. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 17175-17180 (2009)
  8. Receptor binding by a ferret-transmissible H5 avian influenza virus. Xiong X, Coombs PJ, Martin SR, Liu J, Xiao H, McCauley JW, Locher K, Walker PA, Collins PJ, Kawaoka Y, Skehel JJ, Gamblin SJ. Nature 497 392-396 (2013)
  9. Structural characterization of the hemagglutinin receptor specificity from the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. Xu R, McBride R, Nycholat CM, Paulson JC, Wilson IA. J. Virol. 86 982-990 (2012)
  10. Avian and human receptor binding by hemagglutinins of influenza A viruses. Russell RJ, Stevens DJ, Haire LF, Gamblin SJ, Skehel JJ. Glycoconj. J. 23 85-92 (2006)
  11. Heterosubtypic antibody recognition of the influenza virus hemagglutinin receptor binding site enhanced by avidity. Lee PS, Yoshida R, Ekiert DC, Sakai N, Suzuki Y, Takada A, Wilson IA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109 17040-17045 (2012)
  12. Antigenic and genetic variations in European and North American equine influenza virus strains (H3N8) isolated from 2006 to 2007. Bryant NA, Rash AS, Russell CA, Ross J, Cooke A, Bowman S, MacRae S, Lewis NS, Paillot R, Zanoni R, Meier H, Griffiths LA, Daly JM, Tiwari A, Chambers TM, Newton JR, Elton DM. Vet. Microbiol. 138 41-52 (2009)
  13. Changing selective pressure during antigenic changes in human influenza H3. Blackburne BP, Hay AJ, Goldstein RA. PLoS Pathog. 4 e1000058 (2008)
  14. Amino acid residues in the fusion peptide pocket regulate the pH of activation of the H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin protein. Reed ML, Yen HL, DuBois RM, Bridges OA, Salomon R, Webster RG, Russell CJ. J. Virol. 83 3568-3580 (2009)
  15. Structure, receptor binding, and antigenicity of influenza virus hemagglutinins from the 1957 H2N2 pandemic. Xu R, McBride R, Paulson JC, Basler CF, Wilson IA. J. Virol. 84 1715-1721 (2010)
  16. Structural analysis of the hemagglutinin from the recent 2013 H7N9 influenza virus. Yang H, Carney PJ, Chang JC, Villanueva JM, Stevens J. J. Virol. 87 12433-12446 (2013)
  17. Experimental evolution of human influenza virus H3 hemagglutinin in the mouse lung identifies adaptive regions in HA1 and HA2. Keleta L, Ibricevic A, Bovin NV, Brody SL, Brown EG. J. Virol. 82 11599-11608 (2008)
  18. Functional significance of the hemadsorption activity of influenza virus neuraminidase and its alteration in pandemic viruses. Uhlendorff J, Matrosovich T, Klenk HD, Matrosovich M. Arch. Virol. 154 945-957 (2009)
  19. Structural basis for receptor specificity of influenza B virus hemagglutinin. Wang Q, Tian X, Chen X, Ma J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 16874-16879 (2007)
  20. Restrictions to the adaptation of influenza a virus h5 hemagglutinin to the human host. Harvey R, Martin AC, Zambon M, Barclay WS. J. Virol. 78 502-507 (2004)
  21. Distinct glycan topology for avian and human sialopentasaccharide receptor analogues upon binding different hemagglutinins: a molecular dynamics perspective. Xu D, Newhouse EI, Amaro RE, Pao HC, Cheng LS, Markwick PR, McCammon JA, Li WW, Arzberger PW. J. Mol. Biol. 387 465-491 (2009)
  22. Recognition of sialylated poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains on N- and O-linked glycans by human and avian influenza A virus hemagglutinins. Nycholat CM, McBride R, Ekiert DC, Xu R, Rangarajan J, Peng W, Razi N, Gilbert M, Wakarchuk W, Wilson IA, Paulson JC. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 51 4860-4863 (2012)
  23. Receptor binding by H10 influenza viruses. Vachieri SG, Xiong X, Collins PJ, Walker PA, Martin SR, Haire LF, Zhang Y, McCauley JW, Gamblin SJ, Skehel JJ. Nature 511 475-477 (2014)
  24. Structure and binding analysis of Polyporus squamosus lectin in complex with the Neu5Ac{alpha}2-6Gal{beta}1-4GlcNAc human-type influenza receptor. Kadirvelraj R, Grant OC, Goldstein IJ, Winter HC, Tateno H, Fadda E, Woods RJ. Glycobiology 21 973-984 (2011)
  25. Isolation and characterisation of equine influenza viruses (H3N8) from Europe and North America from 2008 to 2009. Bryant NA, Rash AS, Woodward AL, Medcalf E, Helwegen M, Wohlfender F, Cruz F, Herrmann C, Borchers K, Tiwari A, Chambers TM, Newton JR, Mumford JA, Elton DM. Vet. Microbiol. 147 19-27 (2011)
  26. Lack of transmission of a human influenza virus with avian receptor specificity between ferrets is not due to decreased virus shedding but rather a lower infectivity in vivo. Roberts KL, Shelton H, Scull M, Pickles R, Barclay WS. J. Gen. Virol. 92 1822-1831 (2011)
  27. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of influenza virus mutants selected with the sialidase fusion protein DAS181. Triana-Baltzer GB, Sanders RL, Hedlund M, Jensen KA, Aschenbrenner LM, Larson JL, Fang F. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 66 15-28 (2011)
  28. Influenza immunization elicits antibodies specific for an egg-adapted vaccine strain. Raymond DD, Stewart SM, Lee J, Ferdman J, Bajic G, Do KT, Ernandes MJ, Suphaphiphat P, Settembre EC, Dormitzer PR, Del Giudice G, Finco O, Kang TH, Ippolito GC, Georgiou G, Kepler TB, Haynes BF, Moody MA, Liao HX, Schmidt AG, Harrison SC. Nat. Med. 22 1465-1469 (2016)
  29. Viral factors in influenza pandemic risk assessment. Lipsitch M, Barclay W, Raman R, Russell CJ, Belser JA, Cobey S, Kasson PM, Lloyd-Smith JO, Maurer-Stroh S, Riley S, Beauchemin CA, Bedford T, Friedrich TC, Handel A, Herfst S, Murcia PR, Roche B, Wilke CO, Russell CA. Elife 5 (2016)
  30. The molecular epidemiology of equine influenza in Ireland from 2007-2010 and its international significance. Gildea S, Quinlivan M, Arkins S, Cullinane A. Equine Vet. J. 44 387-392 (2012)
  31. Development of a surveillance scheme for equine influenza in the UK and characterisation of viruses isolated in Europe, Dubai and the USA from 2010-2012. Woodward AL, Rash AS, Blinman D, Bowman S, Chambers TM, Daly JM, Damiani A, Joseph S, Lewis N, McCauley JW, Medcalf L, Mumford J, Newton JR, Tiwari A, Bryant NA, Elton DM. Vet. Microbiol. 169 113-127 (2014)
  32. In silico characterization of the functional and structural modules of the hemagglutinin protein from the swine-origin influenza virus A (H1N1)-2009. Sun Y, Shi Y, Zhang W, Li Q, Liu D, Vavricka C, Yan J, Gao GF. Sci China Life Sci 53 633-642 (2010)
  33. Mechanism of glycan receptor recognition and specificity switch for avian, swine, and human adapted influenza virus hemagglutinins: a molecular dynamics perspective. Newhouse EI, Xu D, Markwick PR, Amaro RE, Pao HC, Wu KJ, Alam M, McCammon JA, Li WW. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 17430-17442 (2009)
  34. Respiratory transmission of an avian H3N8 influenza virus isolated from a harbour seal. Karlsson EA, Ip HS, Hall JS, Yoon SW, Johnson J, Beck MA, Webby RJ, Schultz-Cherry S. Nat Commun 5 4791 (2014)
  35. An Atlas of Human Glycosylation Pathways Enables Display of the Human Glycome by Gene Engineered Cells. Narimatsu Y, Joshi HJ, Nason R, Van Coillie J, Karlsson R, Sun L, Ye Z, Chen YH, Schjoldager KT, Steentoft C, Furukawa S, Bensing BA, Sullam PM, Thompson AJ, Paulson JC, Büll C, Adema GJ, Mandel U, Hansen L, Bennett EP, Varki A, Vakhrushev SY, Yang Z, Clausen H. Mol Cell 75 394-407.e5 (2019)
  36. Epidemiological and virological investigations of equine influenza outbreaks in Ireland (2010-2012). Gildea S, Fitzpatrick DA, Cullinane A. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 7 Suppl 4 61-72 (2013)
  37. Mutation tryptophan to leucine at position 222 of haemagglutinin could facilitate H3N2 influenza A virus infection in dogs. Yang G, Li S, Blackmon S, Ye J, Bradley KC, Cooley J, Smith D, Hanson L, Cardona C, Steinhauer DA, Webby R, Liao M, Wan XF. J. Gen. Virol. 94 2599-2608 (2013)
  38. Adaptation of a duck influenza A virus in quail. Yamada S, Shinya K, Takada A, Ito T, Suzuki T, Suzuki Y, Le QM, Ebina M, Kasai N, Kida H, Horimoto T, Rivailler P, Chen LM, Donis RO, Kawaoka Y. J. Virol. 86 1411-1420 (2012)
  39. Recent evolution of equine influenza and the origin of canine influenza. Collins PJ, Vachieri SG, Haire LF, Ogrodowicz RW, Martin SR, Walker PA, Xiong X, Gamblin SJ, Skehel JJ. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111 11175-11180 (2014)
  40. Context-specific target definition in influenza a virus hemagglutinin-glycan receptor interactions. Shriver Z, Raman R, Viswanathan K, Sasisekharan R. Chem. Biol. 16 803-814 (2009)
  41. Molecular Characterizations of Surface Proteins Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase from Recent H5Nx Avian Influenza Viruses. Yang H, Carney PJ, Mishin VP, Guo Z, Chang JC, Wentworth DE, Gubareva LV, Stevens J. J. Virol. 90 5770-5784 (2016)
  42. Theoretical analysis of binding specificity of influenza viral hemagglutinin to avian and human receptors based on the fragment molecular orbital method. Iwata T, Fukuzawa K, Nakajima K, Aida-Hyugaji S, Mochizuki Y, Watanabe H, Tanaka S. Comput Biol Chem 32 198-211 (2008)
  43. Using a mutual information-based site transition network to map the genetic evolution of influenza A/H3N2 virus. Xia Z, Jin G, Zhu J, Zhou R. Bioinformatics 25 2309-2317 (2009)
  44. Structure and receptor binding preferences of recombinant hemagglutinins from avian and human H6 and H10 influenza A virus subtypes. Yang H, Carney PJ, Chang JC, Villanueva JM, Stevens J. J. Virol. 89 4612-4623 (2015)
  45. Immune Escape Adaptive Mutations in the H7N9 Avian Influenza Hemagglutinin Protein Increase Virus Replication Fitness and Decrease Pandemic Potential. Chang P, Sealy JE, Sadeyen JR, Bhat S, Lukosaityte D, Sun Y, Iqbal M. J Virol 94 e00216-20 (2020)
  46. Sequence analysis and receptor specificity of the hemagglutinin of a recent influenza H2N2 virus isolated from chicken in North America. Glaser L, Zamarin D, Acland HM, Spackman E, Palese P, García-Sastre A, Tewari D. Glycoconj. J. 23 93-99 (2006)
  47. Avian-to-Human Receptor-Binding Adaptation by Influenza A Virus Hemagglutinin H4. Song H, Qi J, Xiao H, Bi Y, Zhang W, Xu Y, Wang F, Shi Y, Gao GF. Cell Rep 20 1201-1214 (2017)
  48. Comparative efficacy of North American and antigenically matched reverse genetics derived H5N9 DIVA marker vaccines against highly pathogenic Asian H5N1 avian influenza viruses in chickens. Jadhao SJ, Lee CW, Sylte M, Suarez DL. Vaccine 27 6247-6260 (2009)
  49. How a plant lectin recognizes high mannose oligosaccharides. Garcia-Pino A, Buts L, Wyns L, Imberty A, Loris R. Plant Physiol. 144 1733-1741 (2007)
  50. Using epidemics to map H3 equine influenza virus determinants of antigenicity. Woodward A, Rash AS, Medcalf E, Bryant NA, Elton DM. Virology 481 187-198 (2015)
  51. Antigenic and genetic analysis of H3N8 influenza viruses isolated from horses in Japan and Mongolia, and imported from Canada and Belgium during 2007-2010. Motoshima M, Okamatsu M, Asakura S, Kuribayashi S, Sengee S, Batchuluun D, Ito M, Maeda Y, Eto M, Sakoda Y, Sodnomdarjaa R, Kida H. Arch. Virol. 156 1379-1385 (2011)
  52. Why does avian influenza A virus hemagglutinin bind to avian receptor stronger than to human receptor? Ab initio fragment molecular orbital studies. Sawada T, Hashimoto T, Nakano H, Suzuki T, Ishida H, Kiso M. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 351 40-43 (2006)
  53. Ab initio fragment molecular orbital studies of influenza virus hemagglutinin-sialosaccharide complexes toward chemical clarification about the virus host range determination. Sawada T, Hashimoto T, Tokiwa H, Suzuki T, Nakano H, Ishida H, Kiso M, Suzuki Y. Glycoconj. J. 25 805-815 (2008)
  54. Molecular and antigenic characterization of reassortant H3N2 viruses from turkeys with a unique constellation of pandemic H1N1 internal genes. Berhane Y, Kehler H, Handel K, Hisanaga T, Xu W, Ojkic D, Pasick J. PLoS ONE 7 e32858 (2012)
  55. Rapid estimation of binding activity of influenza virus hemagglutinin to human and avian receptors. Cao Y, Koh X, Dong L, Du X, Wu A, Ding X, Deng H, Shu Y, Chen J, Jiang T. PLoS ONE 6 e18664 (2011)
  56. In vitro evolution of an influenza broadly neutralizing antibody is modulated by hemagglutinin receptor specificity. Wu NC, Grande G, Turner HL, Ward AB, Xie J, Lerner RA, Wilson IA. Nat Commun 8 15371 (2017)
  57. Mutations in influenza virus replication and transcription: detection of amino acid substitutions in hemagglutinin of an avian influenza virus (H1N1). Liu N, Wang G, Lee KC, Guan Y, Chen H, Cai Z. FASEB J. 23 3377-3382 (2009)
  58. A likelihood-based index of protein protein binding affinities with application to influenza HA escape from antibodies. Watabe T, Kishino H, de Oliveira Martins L, Kitazoe Y. Mol. Biol. Evol. 24 1627-1638 (2007)
  59. Assessment of Molecular, Antigenic, and Pathological Features of Canine Influenza A(H3N2) Viruses That Emerged in the United States. Pulit-Penaloza JA, Simpson N, Yang H, Creager HM, Jones J, Carney P, Belser JA, Yang G, Chang J, Zeng H, Thor S, Jang Y, Killian ML, Jenkins-Moore M, Janas-Martindale A, Dubovi E, Wentworth DE, Stevens J, Tumpey TM, Davis CT, Maines TR. J. Infect. Dis. 216 S499-S507 (2017)
  60. Influenza virus surveillance using surface plasmon resonance. Suenaga E, Mizuno H, Kumar PK. Virulence 3 464-470 (2012)
  61. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of H3 subtype avian influenza viruses isolated from domestic ducks in Zhejiang Province in China. Wu H, Wu N, Peng X, Jin C, Lu X, Cheng L, Yao H, Li L. Virus Genes 49 80-88 (2014)
  62. Molecular characterization of a reassortant H11N9 subtype avian influenza virus isolated from a domestic duck in Eastern China. Wu H, Peng X, Peng X, Wu N. Arch. Virol. 160 2595-2601 (2015)
  63. Antigenic Characterization of H3 Subtypes of Avian Influenza A Viruses from North America. Bailey E, Long LP, Zhao N, Hall JS, Baroch JA, Nolting J, Senter L, Cunningham FL, Pharr GT, Hanson L, Slemons R, DeLiberto TJ, Wan XF. Avian Dis. 60 346-353 (2016)
  64. Characterization of a reassortant H11N9 subtype avian influenza virus isolated from bean goose along the East Asian-Australian flyway. Yao Y, Shao Z, He B, Yang W, Chen J, Zhang T, Chen X, Chen J. Virus Genes 53 126-129 (2017)
  65. Modular glycosphere assays for high-throughput functional characterization of influenza viruses. Hobbie SN, Viswanathan K, Bachelet I, Aich U, Shriver Z, Subramanian V, Raman R, Sasisekharan R. BMC Biotechnol. 13 34 (2013)
  66. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Influenza A(H3N2) Hemagglutinin Trimer Reveals the Structural Basis for Adaptive Evolution of the Recent Epidemic Clade 3C.2a. Yokoyama M, Fujisaki S, Shirakura M, Watanabe S, Odagiri T, Ito K, Sato H. Front Microbiol 8 584 (2017)
  67. Characterization of an H4N2 influenza virus from Quails with a multibasic motif in the hemagglutinin cleavage site. Wong SS, Yoon SW, Zanin M, Song MS, Oshansky C, Zaraket H, Sonnberg S, Rubrum A, Seiler P, Ferguson A, Krauss S, Cardona C, Webby RJ, Crossley B. Virology 468-470 72-80 (2014)
  68. Site-directed fragment-based generation of virtual sialic acid databases against influenza A hemagglutinin. Al-qattan MN, Mordi MN. J Mol Model 16 975-991 (2010)
  69. Antigenic Characterization of Human Monoclonal Antibodies for Therapeutic Use against H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus. Chang P, Lukosaityte D, Sealy JE, Rijal P, Sadeyen JR, Bhat S, Crossley S, Daines R, Huang KA, Townsend AR, Iqbal M. J Virol 97 e0143122 (2023)
  70. Genetic characterization of influenza A virus subtypes H11N6, H11N7, and H11N9 isolated from free-grazing ducks, Thailand. Chaiyawong S, Charoenkul K, Udom K, Chamsai E, Jairak W, Boonyapisitsopa S, Bunpapong N, Amonsin A. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 16 726-739 (2022)
  71. In vitro characterization of the novel H3N1 reassortant influenza viruses from quail. Thontiravong A, Tunterak W, Oraveerakul K, Amonsin A. Vet. Microbiol. 199 74-78 (2017)
  72. Isolation and molecular characterization of reassortant H11N3 subtype avian influenza viruses isolated from domestic ducks in Zhejiang Province in China. Wu H, Peng X, Peng X, Wu N. Virus Genes 52 732-737 (2016)
  73. A comprehensive comparison of the fifth-wave highly pathogenic and low-pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza viruses reveals potential threat posed by both types of viruses in mammals. He L, Liu D, Hu J, Sun W, Gao R, Shi L, He D, Li B, Wang X, Gu M, Hu S, Liu X, Hu Z, Chen S, Peng D, Liu X. Transbound Emerg Dis 65 1459-1473 (2018)
  74. Ab initio base fragment molecular orbital studies of influenza viral hemagglutinin HA1 full-domains in complex with sialoside receptors. Sawada T, Hashimoto T, Tokiwa H, Suzuki T, Nakano H, Ishida H, Kiso M, Suzuki Y. J Mol Genet Med 3 133-142 (2008)
  75. Aerosol Transmission of Gull-Origin Iceland Subtype H10N7 Influenza A Virus in Ferrets. Guan M, Hall JS, Zhang X, Dusek RJ, Olivier AK, Liu L, Li L, Krauss S, Danner A, Li T, Rutvisuttinunt W, Lin X, Hallgrimsson GT, Ragnarsdottir SB, Vignisson SR, TeSlaa J, Nashold SW, Jarman R, Wan XF. J. Virol. 93 (2019)
  76. Genetic Characterization and Pathogenesis of Avian Influenza Virus H3N8 Isolated from Chinese pond heron in China in 2021. Zhang H, Han S, Wang B, Xing Y, Yuan G, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Li G, Li Q, Pan J, Li W, He H. Viruses 15 383 (2023)
  77. N-glycan structures of human alveoli provide insight into influenza A virus infection and pathogenesis. Sriwilaijaroen N, Nakakita SI, Kondo S, Yagi H, Kato K, Murata T, Hiramatsu H, Kawahara T, Watanabe Y, Kanai Y, Ono T, Hirabayashi J, Matsumoto K, Suzuki Y. FEBS J. 285 1611-1634 (2018)
  78. Rapid acquisition adaptive amino acid substitutions involved in the virulence enhancement of an H1N2 avian influenza virus in mice. Yu Z, Sun W, Zhang X, Cheng K, Zhao C, Xia X, Gao Y. Vet. Microbiol. 207 97-102 (2017)
  79. Sequence-Based Antigenic Analyses of H1 Swine Influenza A Viruses from Colombia (2008-2021) Reveals Temporal and Geographical Antigenic Variations. Ospina-Jimenez AF, Gomez AP, Rincon-Monroy MA, Ortiz L, Perez DR, Peña M, Ramirez-Nieto G. Viruses 15 2030 (2023)
  80. Spatiotemporal Associations and Molecular Evolution of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A H7N9 Virus in China from 2017 to 2021. He D, Gu M, Wang X, Wang X, Li G, Yan Y, Gu J, Zhan T, Wu H, Hao X, Wang G, Hu J, Hu S, Liu X, Su S, Ding C, Liu X. Viruses 13 2524 (2021)
  81. hFUT1-Based Live-Cell Assay To Profile α1-2-Fucoside-Enhanced Influenza Virus A Infection. Hong S, Grande G, Yu C, Chapla DG, Reigh N, Yang JY, Yang Y, Izumori K, Moremen KW, Xie J, Wu P. ACS Chem Biol 15 819-823 (2020)