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{
"metadata": {
"accession": "PS00497",
"entry_id": null,
"type": "conserved_site",
"go_terms": null,
"source_database": "prosite",
"member_databases": null,
"integrated": "IPR002227",
"hierarchy": null,
"name": {
"name": "Tyrosinase CuA-binding region signature",
"short": "TYROSINASE_1"
},
"description": [
{
"text": "<p>Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) [[cite:PUB00004934]] is a copper monooxygenases that catalyzes the\nhydroxylation of monophenols and the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinols.\nThis enzyme, found in prokaryotes as well as in eukaryotes, is involved in the\nformation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds.\n\nTyrosinase binds two copper ions (CuA and CuB). Each of the two copper ion has\nbeen shown [[cite:PUB00000492]] to be bound by three conserved histidines residues. The regions\naround these copper-binding ligands are well conserved and also shared by some\nhemocyanins, which are copper-containing oxygen carriers from the hemolymph of\nmany molluscs and arthropods [[cite:PUB00004295]][[cite:PUB00004733]].\n\nAt least two proteins related to tyrosinase are known to exist in mammals:\n\n - TRP-1 (TYRP1) [[cite:PUB00001267]], which is responsible for the conversion of 5,6-dihydro-\n xyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) to indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid.\n - TRP-2 (TYRP2) [[cite:PUB00001230]], which is the melanogenic enzyme DOPAchrome tautomerase\n (EC 5.3.3.12) that catalyzes the conversion of DOPAchrome to DHICA. TRP-2\n differs from tyrosinases and TRP-1 in that it binds two zinc ions instead\n of copper [[cite:PUB00000238]].\n\nOther proteins that belong to this family are:\n\n - Plants polyphenol oxidases (PPO) (EC 1.10.3.1) which catalyze the oxidation\n of mono- and o-diphenols to o-diquinones [[cite:PUB00004557]].\n - Caenorhabditis elegans hypothetical protein C02C2.1.\n\nWe have derived two signature patterns for tyrosinase and related proteins.\nThe first one contains two of the histidines that bind CuA, and is located in\nthe N-terminal section of tyrosinase. The second pattern contains a histidine\nthat binds CuB, that pattern is located in the central section of the enzyme.</p>",
"llm": false,
"checked": false,
"updated": false
}
],
"wikipedia": null,
"literature": {
"PUB00004733": {
"PMID": 1898774,
"ISBN": null,
"volume": "88",
"issue": "1",
"year": 1991,
"title": "Cloning and sequencing of Octopus dofleini hemocyanin cDNA: derived sequences of functional units Ode and Odf.",
"URL": null,
"raw_pages": "244-8",
"medline_journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
"ISO_journal": "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.",
"authors": [
"Lang WH",
"van Holde KE."
],
"DOI_URL": "http://ukpmc.ac.uk/picrender.cgi?tool=EBI&pubmedid=1898774&action=stream&blobtype=pdf"
},
"PUB00004295": {
"PMID": 2664531,
"ISBN": null,
"volume": "76",
"issue": "5",
"year": 1989,
"title": "[Blue blood: structure and evolution of hemocyanin]",
"URL": null,
"raw_pages": "206-11",
"medline_journal": "Naturwissenschaften",
"ISO_journal": "Naturwissenschaften",
"authors": [
"Linzen B."
],
"DOI_URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00627687"
},
"PUB00001230": {
"PMID": 1537334,
"ISBN": null,
"volume": "11",
"issue": "2",
"year": 1992,
"title": "A second tyrosinase-related protein, TRP-2, maps to and is mutated at the mouse slaty locus.",
"URL": null,
"raw_pages": "527-35",
"medline_journal": "EMBO J",
"ISO_journal": "EMBO J.",
"authors": [
"Jackson IJ",
"Chambers DM",
"Tsukamoto K",
"Copeland NG",
"Gilbert DJ",
"Jenkins NA",
"Hearing V."
],
"DOI_URL": "http://ukpmc.ac.uk/picrender.cgi?tool=EBI&pubmedid=1537334&action=stream&blobtype=pdf"
},
"PUB00000492": {
"PMID": 1901488,
"ISBN": null,
"volume": "274 ( Pt 3)",
"issue": null,
"year": 1991,
"title": "Albino mutants of Streptomyces glaucescens tyrosinase.",
"URL": null,
"raw_pages": "707-13",
"medline_journal": "Biochem J",
"ISO_journal": "Biochem. J.",
"authors": [
"Jackman MP",
"Hajnal A",
"Lerch K."
],
"DOI_URL": "http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=EBI&pubmedid=1901488"
},
"PUB00004934": {
"PMID": 3130643,
"ISBN": null,
"volume": "256",
"issue": null,
"year": 1988,
"title": "Protein and active-site structure of tyrosinase.",
"URL": null,
"raw_pages": "85-98",
"medline_journal": "Prog Clin Biol Res",
"ISO_journal": "Prog. Clin. Biol. Res.",
"authors": [
"Lerch K."
],
"DOI_URL": null
},
"PUB00004557": {
"PMID": 1391768,
"ISBN": null,
"volume": "20",
"issue": "2",
"year": 1992,
"title": "Cloning and characterization of cDNAs coding for Vicia faba polyphenol oxidase.",
"URL": null,
"raw_pages": "245-53",
"medline_journal": "Plant Mol Biol",
"ISO_journal": "Plant Mol. Biol.",
"authors": [
"Cary JW",
"Lax AR",
"Flurkey WH."
],
"DOI_URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00014492"
},
"PUB00000238": {
"PMID": 7980602,
"ISBN": null,
"volume": "204",
"issue": "3",
"year": 1994,
"title": "Dopachrome tautomerase is a zinc-containing enzyme.",
"URL": null,
"raw_pages": "1243-50",
"medline_journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun",
"ISO_journal": "Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.",
"authors": [
"Solano F",
"Martinez-Liarte JH",
"Jimenez-Cervantes C",
"Garcia-Borron JC",
"Lozano JA."
],
"DOI_URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1994.2596"
},
"PUB00001267": {
"PMID": 7813420,
"ISBN": null,
"volume": "13",
"issue": "24",
"year": 1994,
"title": "Tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1) functions as a DHICA oxidase in melanin biosynthesis.",
"URL": null,
"raw_pages": "5818-25",
"medline_journal": "EMBO J",
"ISO_journal": "EMBO J.",
"authors": [
"Kobayashi T",
"Urabe K",
"Winder A",
"Jimenez-Cervantes C",
"Imokawa G",
"Brewington T",
"Solano F",
"Garcia-Borron JC",
"Hearing VJ."
],
"DOI_URL": "http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=EBI&pubmedid=7813420"
}
},
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},
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"taxa": 11538
},
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"is_llm": false,
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"representative_structure": null
}
}
