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PDBsum entry 3wod
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Transferase/transcription
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PDB id
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3wod
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Contents |
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225 a.a.
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1118 a.a.
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1488 a.a.
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95 a.a.
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278 a.a.
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127 a.a.
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91 a.a.
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References listed in PDB file
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Key reference
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Title
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Structural basis for promoter specificity switching of RNA polymerase by a phage factor.
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Authors
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S.Tagami,
S.Sekine,
L.Minakhin,
D.Esyunina,
R.Akasaka,
M.Shirouzu,
A.Kulbachinskiy,
K.Severinov,
S.Yokoyama.
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Ref.
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Genes Dev, 2014,
28,
521-531.
[DOI no: ]
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PubMed id
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Abstract
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Transcription of DNA to RNA by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) is the first
step of gene expression and a major regulation point. Bacteriophages hijack
their host's transcription machinery and direct it to serve their needs. The
gp39 protein encoded by Thermus thermophilus phage P23-45 binds the host's RNAP
and inhibits transcription initiation from its major "-10/-35" class
promoters. Phage promoters belonging to the minor "extended -10" class
are minimally inhibited. We report the crystal structure of the T. thermophilus
RNAP holoenzyme complexed with gp39, which explains the mechanism for RNAP
promoter specificity switching. gp39 simultaneously binds to the RNAP β-flap
domain and the C-terminal domain of the σ subunit (region 4 of the σ subunit
[σ4]), thus relocating the β-flap tip and σ4. The ~45 Å displacement of σ4
is incompatible with its binding to the -35 promoter consensus element, thus
accounting for the inhibition of transcription from -10/-35 class promoters. In
contrast, this conformational change is compatible with the recognition of
extended -10 class promoters. These results provide the structural bases for the
conformational modulation of the host's RNAP promoter specificity to switch gene
expression toward supporting phage development for gp39 and, potentially, other
phage proteins, such as T4 AsiA.
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