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UniProt functional annotation for P02281 | ||
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| UniProt code: P02281. |
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| Organism: | |
Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog). |
| Taxonomy: | |
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Amphibia; Batrachia; Anura; Pipoidea; Pipidae; Xenopodinae; Xenopus; Xenopus. |
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| Function: | |
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. |
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| Subunit: | |
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12559907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14739929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9305837}. |
| Subcellular location: | |
Nucleus. Chromosome. |
| Ptm: | |
Monoubiquitination of Lys-121 by BRE1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P33778}. |
| Ptm: | |
Phosphorylated on Ser-15 during developmentally programmed apoptosis; which may facilitate apoptotic chromatin condensation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12757711}. |
| Ptm: | |
GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P62807}. |
| Similarity: | |
Belongs to the histone H2B family. {ECO:0000305}. |
Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.