UniProt functional annotation for Q9UBU3



	UniProt functional annotation for Q9UBU3

UniProt code: Q9UBU3.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid secretion. Involved in growth regulation.

Function: Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite- reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Subcellular location: Secreted.

Tissue specificity: Highest level in stomach. All forms are found in serum as well. Other tissues compensate for the loss of ghrelin synthesis in the stomach following gastrectomy. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12414809}.

Ptm: O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity. The O-decanoylated forms Ghrelin-27-C10 and Ghrelin-28-C10 differ in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid bound to Ser-26. A small fraction of ghrelin, ghrelin-28-C10:1, may be modified with a singly unsaturated carboxylic acid (PubMed:10604470). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10604470}.

Ptm: Amidation of Leu-98 is essential for obestatin activity. {ECO:0000250}.

Mass spectrometry: [Ghrelin-28]: Mass=3398.9; Mass_error=0.3; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-28-C10, O-decanoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12414809};

Mass spectrometry: [Ghrelin-28]: Mass=3397.2; Mass_error=0.5; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-28-C10:1, O-decenoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12414809};

Mass spectrometry: [Ghrelin-28]: Mass=3371.3; Mass_error=0.1; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-28-C8, O-octanoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12414809};

Mass spectrometry: [Ghrelin-27]: Mass=3243.6; Mass_error=0.4; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-27-C10, O-decanoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12414809};

Mass spectrometry: [Ghrelin-27]: Mass=3214.6; Mass_error=0.6; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-27-C8, O-octanoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12414809};

Similarity: Belongs to the motilin family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid secretion. Involved in growth regulation.



Function:		Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite- reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.


Subcellular location:		Secreted.
Tissue specificity:		Highest level in stomach. All forms are found in serum as well. Other tissues compensate for the loss of ghrelin synthesis in the stomach following gastrectomy. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12414809}.
Ptm:		O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity. The O-decanoylated forms Ghrelin-27-C10 and Ghrelin-28-C10 differ in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid bound to Ser-26. A small fraction of ghrelin, ghrelin-28-C10:1, may be modified with a singly unsaturated carboxylic acid (PubMed:10604470). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10604470}.
Ptm:		Amidation of Leu-98 is essential for obestatin activity. {ECO:0000250}.
Mass spectrometry:		[Ghrelin-28]: Mass=3398.9; Mass_error=0.3; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-28-C10, O-decanoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12414809};
Mass spectrometry:		[Ghrelin-28]: Mass=3397.2; Mass_error=0.5; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-28-C10:1, O-decenoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12414809};
Mass spectrometry:		[Ghrelin-28]: Mass=3371.3; Mass_error=0.1; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-28-C8, O-octanoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12414809};
Mass spectrometry:		[Ghrelin-27]: Mass=3243.6; Mass_error=0.4; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-27-C10, O-decanoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12414809};
Mass spectrometry:		[Ghrelin-27]: Mass=3214.6; Mass_error=0.6; Method=Electrospray; Note=Ghrelin-27-C8, O-octanoylated form.; Evidence={ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12414809};
Similarity:		Belongs to the motilin family. {ECO:0000305}.