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UniProt functional annotation for P28327 | ||
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| UniProt code: P28327. |
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| Organism: | |
Bos taurus (Bovine). |
| Taxonomy: | |
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos. |
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| Function: | |
Retina-specific kinase involved in the signal turnoff via phosphorylation of rhodopsin (RHO), the G protein- coupled receptor that initiates the phototransduction cascade (PubMed:12686556, PubMed:16675451, PubMed:21299498). This rapid desensitization is essential for scotopic vision and permits rapid adaptation to changes in illumination (By similarity). May play a role in the maintenance of the outer nuclear layer in the retina (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WVL4, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12686556, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16675451, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21299498}. |
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| Catalytic activity: | |
Reaction=ATP + L-threonyl-[rhodopsin] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L- threonyl-[rhodopsin]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:56552, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:14596, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:14597, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30013, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:61977, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.11.14; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12686556, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1527025, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16675451, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1730692, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21299498}; |
| Catalytic activity: | |
Reaction=ATP + L-seryl-[rhodopsin] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-seryl- [rhodopsin]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:23356, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:14594, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:14595, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29999, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:83421, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.11.14; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12686556, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1527025, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16675451, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1730692, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21299498}; |
| Activity regulation: | |
Inhibited by RCVRN, which prevents the interaction between GRK1 and RHO (PubMed:12686556, PubMed:21299498). Inhibition is calcium-dependent (PubMed:12686556). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12686556, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21299498}. |
| Subunit: | |
Interacts (via N-terminus) with RCVRN (via C-terminus); the interaction is Ca(2+)-dependent (PubMed:16675451, PubMed:17020884, PubMed:21299498, PubMed:24189072, PubMed:26584024). Interacts (when prenylated) with PDE6D; this promotes release from membranes (PubMed:14561760). May form a complex composed of RHO, GRK1 and RCVRN in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner; RCVRN prevents the interaction between GRK1 and RHO (PubMed:17020884). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14561760, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16675451, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17020884, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21299498, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24189072, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26584024}. |
| Subcellular location: | |
Membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14561760, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1527025, ECO:0000305|PubMed:1730692}; Lipid-anchor {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14561760, ECO:0000305|PubMed:1730692}. Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WVL4}. Note=Subcellular location is not affected by light or dark conditions. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WVL4}. |
| Tissue specificity: | |
Rod outer segments of retina photoreceptor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:1656454, PubMed:1730692, PubMed:1527025). Retina (PubMed:1656454). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1527025, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1656454, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1730692}. |
| Ptm: | |
Autophosphorylated, Ser-21 is a minor site of autophosphorylation compared to Ser-488 and Thr-489. Phosphorylation at Ser-21 is regulated by light and activated by cAMP (Probable). {ECO:0000305|PubMed:1527025, ECO:0000305|PubMed:18339619}. |
| Ptm: | |
Farnesylation is required for full activity. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1730692}. |
| Similarity: | |
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GPRK subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. |
Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.