UniProt functional annotation for P13645



	UniProt functional annotation for P13645

UniProt code: P13645.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Plays a role in the establishment of the epidermal barrier on plantar skin. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02535}.

Function: (Microbial infection) Acts as a mediator of S.aureus adherence to desquamated nasal epithelial cells via clfB, and hence may play a role in nasal colonization. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15385531}.

Function: (Microbial infection) Binds S.pneumoniae PsrP, mediating adherence of the bacteria to lung cell lines. Reduction of levels of KRT10 keratin decrease adherence, overexpression increases adherence. Neither protein has to be glycosylated for the interaction to occur. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19627498}.

Subunit: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. Heterodimer with KRT1 (PubMed:27595935). Two heterodimers of KRT1 and KRT10 form a heterotetramer (PubMed:27595935). The KRT10 subunit in the heterotetramer is probably disulfide-linked (Probable). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27595935, ECO:0000305|PubMed:27595935}.

Subunit: (Microbial infection) Interacts (via C-terminal tail domain) with the S.aureus clumping factor, clfB; this interaction probably mediates S.aureus attachment to the keratinized squamous epithelial cells from the nasal cavity. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12427098, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15385531, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22719251}.

Subunit: (Microbial infection) Interacts (via the C-terminal tail domain) with S.pneumoniae serine-rich repeat protein PsrP; this interaction probably mediates S.pneumoniae adherence to lung tissue and subsequent pathogenesis. Neither protein has to be glycosylated for the interaction to occur. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19627498, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24430336}.

Subcellular location: Secreted, extracellular space {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12427098}. Cell surface {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19627498}. Note=Localized on the surface of desquamated nasal epithelial cells (PubMed:12427098). Localized on the surface of lung cell lines (PubMed:19627498). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12427098, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19627498}.

Tissue specificity: Seen in all suprabasal cell layers including stratum corneum. Expressed on the surface of lung cell lines (PubMed:19627498). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19627498}.

Polymorphism: A number of alleles are known that mainly differ in the Gly-rich region (positions 490-560).

Disease: Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK) [MIM:113800]: An autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by widespread blistering and an ichthyotic erythroderma at birth that persist into adulthood. Histologically there is a diffuse epidermolytic degeneration in the lower spinous layer of the epidermis. Within a few weeks from birth, erythroderma and blister formation diminish and hyperkeratoses develop. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10201536, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1380725, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1381287, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21271994, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7507150, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7507152, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7508181, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7512983, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7526210, ECO:0000269|Ref.7}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Disease: Ichthyosis annular epidermolytic (AEI) [MIM:607602]: A skin disorder resembling bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Affected individuals present with bullous ichthyosis in early childhood and hyperkeratotic lichenified plaques in the flexural areas and extensor surfaces at later ages. The feature that distinguishes AEI from BCIE is dramatic episodes of flares of annular polycyclic plaques with scale, which coalesce to involve most of the body surface and can persist for several weeks or even months. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9036939, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9856845}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Disease: Erythroderma, ichthyosiform, congenital reticular (CRIE) [MIM:609165]: A rare skin condition characterized by slowly enlarging islands of normal skin surrounded by erythematous ichthyotic patches in a reticulated pattern. The condition starts in infancy as a lamellar ichthyosis, with small islands of normal skin resembling confetti appearing in late childhood and at puberty. Histopathologic findings include band-like parakeratosis, psoriasiform acanthosis, and vacuolization of keratinocytes with binucleated cells in the upper epidermis, sometimes associated with amyloid deposition in the dermis. Ultrastructural abnormalities include perinuclear shells formed from a network of fine filaments in the upper epidermis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20798280}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Miscellaneous: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

Similarity: Belongs to the intermediate filament family. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01188}.

Sequence caution: Sequence=AAA59468.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Plays a role in the establishment of the epidermal barrier on plantar skin. {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P02535}.



Function:		(Microbial infection) Acts as a mediator of S.aureus adherence to desquamated nasal epithelial cells via clfB, and hence may play a role in nasal colonization. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15385531}.



Function:		(Microbial infection) Binds S.pneumoniae PsrP, mediating adherence of the bacteria to lung cell lines. Reduction of levels of KRT10 keratin decrease adherence, overexpression increases adherence. Neither protein has to be glycosylated for the interaction to occur. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19627498}.


Subunit:		Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. Heterodimer with KRT1 (PubMed:27595935). Two heterodimers of KRT1 and KRT10 form a heterotetramer (PubMed:27595935). The KRT10 subunit in the heterotetramer is probably disulfide-linked (Probable). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:27595935, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:27595935}.
Subunit:		(Microbial infection) Interacts (via C-terminal tail domain) with the S.aureus clumping factor, clfB; this interaction probably mediates S.aureus attachment to the keratinized squamous epithelial cells from the nasal cavity. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12427098, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15385531, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:22719251}.
Subunit:		(Microbial infection) Interacts (via the C-terminal tail domain) with S.pneumoniae serine-rich repeat protein PsrP; this interaction probably mediates S.pneumoniae adherence to lung tissue and subsequent pathogenesis. Neither protein has to be glycosylated for the interaction to occur. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19627498, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24430336}.
Subcellular location:		Secreted, extracellular space {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12427098}. Cell surface {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19627498}. Note=Localized on the surface of desquamated nasal epithelial cells (PubMed:12427098). Localized on the surface of lung cell lines (PubMed:19627498). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12427098, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19627498}.
Tissue specificity:		Seen in all suprabasal cell layers including stratum corneum. Expressed on the surface of lung cell lines (PubMed:19627498). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19627498}.
Polymorphism:		A number of alleles are known that mainly differ in the Gly-rich region (positions 490-560).
Disease:		Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK) [MIM:113800]: An autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by widespread blistering and an ichthyotic erythroderma at birth that persist into adulthood. Histologically there is a diffuse epidermolytic degeneration in the lower spinous layer of the epidermis. Within a few weeks from birth, erythroderma and blister formation diminish and hyperkeratoses develop. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10201536, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1380725, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1381287, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21271994, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7507150, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7507152, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7508181, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7512983, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7526210, ECO:0000269\|Ref.7}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease:		Ichthyosis annular epidermolytic (AEI) [MIM:607602]: A skin disorder resembling bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Affected individuals present with bullous ichthyosis in early childhood and hyperkeratotic lichenified plaques in the flexural areas and extensor surfaces at later ages. The feature that distinguishes AEI from BCIE is dramatic episodes of flares of annular polycyclic plaques with scale, which coalesce to involve most of the body surface and can persist for several weeks or even months. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9036939, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9856845}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease:		Erythroderma, ichthyosiform, congenital reticular (CRIE) [MIM:609165]: A rare skin condition characterized by slowly enlarging islands of normal skin surrounded by erythematous ichthyotic patches in a reticulated pattern. The condition starts in infancy as a lamellar ichthyosis, with small islands of normal skin resembling confetti appearing in late childhood and at puberty. Histopathologic findings include band-like parakeratosis, psoriasiform acanthosis, and vacuolization of keratinocytes with binucleated cells in the upper epidermis, sometimes associated with amyloid deposition in the dermis. Ultrastructural abnormalities include perinuclear shells formed from a network of fine filaments in the upper epidermis. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20798280}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Miscellaneous:		There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).
Similarity:		Belongs to the intermediate filament family. {ECO:0000255\|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01188}.
Sequence caution:		Sequence=AAA59468.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};