UniProt functional annotation for P08168



	UniProt functional annotation for P08168

UniProt code: P08168.

Organism: Bos taurus (Bovine).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos.

Function: Binds to photoactivated, phosphorylated RHO and terminates RHO signaling via G-proteins by competing with G-proteins for the same binding site on RHO (PubMed:8003967, PubMed:25205354). May play a role in preventing light-dependent degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P20443, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25205354, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}.

Subunit: Monomer (PubMed:21288033). Homodimer (PubMed:21288033, PubMed:10219246, PubMed:26510463). Homotetramer (PubMed:21288033, PubMed:10219246). Self-association is cooperative (PubMed:21288033). Isoform A and isoform B interact with RHO (via phosphorylated C- terminus) (PubMed:8003967, PubMed:10219246, PubMed:23604253, PubMed:25205354). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10219246, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21288033, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23604253, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25205354, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26510463, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}.

Subcellular location: [Isoform A]: Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7515057}. Membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P20443}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P20443}. Note=Highly expressed in photoreceptor outer segments in light-exposed retina (PubMed:7515057). Evenly distributed throughout rod photoreceptor cells in dark-adapted retina (PubMed:7515057). Predominantly dectected at the proximal region of photoreceptor outer segments, near disk membranes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10523, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7515057}.

Subcellular location: [Isoform B]: Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7515057, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}. Membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}.

Tissue specificity: Detected in retina, in rod photoreceptor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:7515057, PubMed:8003967). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7515057, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}.

Domain: The C-terminus of isoform A interferes with binding to non- phosphorylated RHO. Interaction with phosphorylated RHO triggers displacement of the C-terminus and leads to a conformation change that mediates high-affinity RHO binding. Isoform B is C-terminally truncated and is therefore already in the optimal conformation for RHO binding. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10219246, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22306737, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23604253, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26510463}.

Similarity: Belongs to the arrestin family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Bos taurus (Bovine).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos.



Function:		Binds to photoactivated, phosphorylated RHO and terminates RHO signaling via G-proteins by competing with G-proteins for the same binding site on RHO (PubMed:8003967, PubMed:25205354). May play a role in preventing light-dependent degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells (By similarity). {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P20443, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25205354, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003967}.


Subunit:		Monomer (PubMed:21288033). Homodimer (PubMed:21288033, PubMed:10219246, PubMed:26510463). Homotetramer (PubMed:21288033, PubMed:10219246). Self-association is cooperative (PubMed:21288033). Isoform A and isoform B interact with RHO (via phosphorylated C- terminus) (PubMed:8003967, PubMed:10219246, PubMed:23604253, PubMed:25205354). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10219246, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21288033, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23604253, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25205354, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26510463, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003967}.
Subcellular location:		[Isoform A]: Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7515057}. Membrane {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P20443}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P20443}. Note=Highly expressed in photoreceptor outer segments in light-exposed retina (PubMed:7515057). Evenly distributed throughout rod photoreceptor cells in dark-adapted retina (PubMed:7515057). Predominantly dectected at the proximal region of photoreceptor outer segments, near disk membranes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P10523, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7515057}.
Subcellular location:		[Isoform B]: Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7515057, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003967}. Membrane {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003967}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003967}.
Tissue specificity:		Detected in retina, in rod photoreceptor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:7515057, PubMed:8003967). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7515057, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003967}.
Domain:		The C-terminus of isoform A interferes with binding to non- phosphorylated RHO. Interaction with phosphorylated RHO triggers displacement of the C-terminus and leads to a conformation change that mediates high-affinity RHO binding. Isoform B is C-terminally truncated and is therefore already in the optimal conformation for RHO binding. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10219246, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:22306737, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23604253, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26510463}.
Similarity:		Belongs to the arrestin family. {ECO:0000305}.