UniProt functional annotation for Q9Y5X4



	UniProt functional annotation for Q9Y5X4

UniProt code: Q9Y5X4.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Orphan nuclear receptor of retinal photoreceptor cells. Transcriptional factor that is an activator of rod development and repressor of cone development. Binds the promoter region of a number of rod- and cone-specific genes, including rhodopsin, M- and S-opsin and rod-specific phosphodiesterase beta subunit. Enhances rhodopsin expression. Represses M- and S-cone opsin expression. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15689355, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24069298}.

Subunit: Homodimer. Interacts with PIAS3; the interaction sumoylates NR2E3 and promotes repression of cone-specific gene transcription and activation of rod-specific genes (By similarity). Component of a complex that includes NR2E3, PIAS3, NRL, CRX and/or NR1D1. Binds NR1D1. Binds directly in the complex with CRX, PIAS3 and NR1D1 (By similarity). Interacts (via the DNA-binding domain) with CRX (via its DNA binding domain); the interaction represses S- and M-cone opsin expression. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15689355, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24069298}.

Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00407, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15689355}.

Tissue specificity: Eye specific; found solely in the outer nuclear layer of the adult neurosensory retina, where the nuclei of cone and rod photoreceptors reside. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15689355}.

Ptm: Di- and tri-sumoylated in developing retina. PIAS3-mediated sumoylation promotes repression of cone-specific gene expression and activation of rod-specific genes. Sumoylation on Lys-185 appears to be the main site (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Disease: Enhanced S cone syndrome (ESCS) [MIM:268100]: Autosomal recessive retinopathy in which patients have increased sensitivity to blue light; perception of blue light is mediated by what is normally the least populous cone photoreceptor subtype, the S (short wavelength, blue) cones. ESCS is also associated with visual loss, with night blindness occurring from early in life, varying degrees of L (long, red)- and M (middle, green)-cone vision, and retinal degeneration. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655056, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11071390, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12963616, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15459973, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16225923, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18294254, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19006237, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24069298}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Disease: Retinitis pigmentosa 37 (RP37) [MIM:611131]: A retinal dystrophy belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination and primary loss of rod photoreceptor cells followed by secondary loss of cone photoreceptors. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17564971, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19006237}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Similarity: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Orphan nuclear receptor of retinal photoreceptor cells. Transcriptional factor that is an activator of rod development and repressor of cone development. Binds the promoter region of a number of rod- and cone-specific genes, including rhodopsin, M- and S-opsin and rod-specific phosphodiesterase beta subunit. Enhances rhodopsin expression. Represses M- and S-cone opsin expression. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15689355, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24069298}.


Subunit:		Homodimer. Interacts with PIAS3; the interaction sumoylates NR2E3 and promotes repression of cone-specific gene transcription and activation of rod-specific genes (By similarity). Component of a complex that includes NR2E3, PIAS3, NRL, CRX and/or NR1D1. Binds NR1D1. Binds directly in the complex with CRX, PIAS3 and NR1D1 (By similarity). Interacts (via the DNA-binding domain) with CRX (via its DNA binding domain); the interaction represses S- and M-cone opsin expression. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15689355, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24069298}.
Subcellular location:		Nucleus {ECO:0000255\|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00407, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15689355}.
Tissue specificity:		Eye specific; found solely in the outer nuclear layer of the adult neurosensory retina, where the nuclei of cone and rod photoreceptors reside. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15689355}.
Ptm:		Di- and tri-sumoylated in developing retina. PIAS3-mediated sumoylation promotes repression of cone-specific gene expression and activation of rod-specific genes. Sumoylation on Lys-185 appears to be the main site (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
Disease:		Enhanced S cone syndrome (ESCS) [MIM:268100]: Autosomal recessive retinopathy in which patients have increased sensitivity to blue light; perception of blue light is mediated by what is normally the least populous cone photoreceptor subtype, the S (short wavelength, blue) cones. ESCS is also associated with visual loss, with night blindness occurring from early in life, varying degrees of L (long, red)- and M (middle, green)-cone vision, and retinal degeneration. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10655056, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11071390, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12963616, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15459973, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16225923, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18294254, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19006237, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24069298}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease:		Retinitis pigmentosa 37 (RP37) [MIM:611131]: A retinal dystrophy belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination and primary loss of rod photoreceptor cells followed by secondary loss of cone photoreceptors. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17564971, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19006237}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Similarity:		Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.