UniProt functional annotation for P52803



	UniProt functional annotation for P52803

UniProt code: P52803.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Cell surface GPI-bound ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Induces compartmentalized signaling within a caveolae-like membrane microdomain when bound to the extracellular domain of its cognate receptor. This signaling event requires the activity of the Fyn tyrosine kinase. Activates the EPHA3 receptor to regulate cell-cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization. With the receptor EPHA2 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency maintenance. May function actively to stimulate axon fasciculation. The interaction of EFNA5 with EPHA5 also mediates communication between pancreatic islet cells to regulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Cognate/functional ligand for EPHA7, their interaction regulates brain development modulating cell-cell adhesion and repulsion. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10601038, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11870224}.

Subunit: Binds to EPHB2. Interacts with EPHA8; activates EPHA8 (By similarity). Binds to the receptor tyrosine kinases EPHA2, EPHA3 and EPHB1. Forms a ternary EFNA5-EPHA3-ADAM10 complex mediating EFNA5 extracellular domain shedding by ADAM10 which regulates the EFNA5-EPHA3 complex internalization and function. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16239146}.

Subcellular location: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11870224}; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11870224}. Membrane, caveola {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11870224}; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11870224}. Note=Compartmentalized in discrete caveolae-like membrane microdomains.

Similarity: Belongs to the ephrin family. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00884}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Cell surface GPI-bound ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Induces compartmentalized signaling within a caveolae-like membrane microdomain when bound to the extracellular domain of its cognate receptor. This signaling event requires the activity of the Fyn tyrosine kinase. Activates the EPHA3 receptor to regulate cell-cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization. With the receptor EPHA2 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency maintenance. May function actively to stimulate axon fasciculation. The interaction of EFNA5 with EPHA5 also mediates communication between pancreatic islet cells to regulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Cognate/functional ligand for EPHA7, their interaction regulates brain development modulating cell-cell adhesion and repulsion. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10601038, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11870224}.


Subunit:		Binds to EPHB2. Interacts with EPHA8; activates EPHA8 (By similarity). Binds to the receptor tyrosine kinases EPHA2, EPHA3 and EPHB1. Forms a ternary EFNA5-EPHA3-ADAM10 complex mediating EFNA5 extracellular domain shedding by ADAM10 which regulates the EFNA5-EPHA3 complex internalization and function. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16239146}.
Subcellular location:		Cell membrane {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11870224}; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11870224}. Membrane, caveola {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11870224}; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11870224}. Note=Compartmentalized in discrete caveolae-like membrane microdomains.
Similarity:		Belongs to the ephrin family. {ECO:0000255\|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00884}.