UniProt functional annotation for P04695



	UniProt functional annotation for P04695

UniProt code: P04695.

Organism: Bos taurus (Bovine).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos.

Function: Functions as signal transducer for the rod photoreceptor RHO (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:23303210, PubMed:28655769, PubMed:8259210). Required for normal RHO-mediated light perception by the retina (By similarity). Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the photoreceptor RHO. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:28655769, PubMed:8259210, PubMed:8208289, PubMed:7969474). Activated RHO promotes GDP release and GTP binding (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:28655769). Signaling is mediated via downstream effector proteins, such as cGMP-phosphodiesterase (PubMed:21285355). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P11488, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21285355, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28655769, ECO:0000305|PubMed:23303210, ECO:0000305|PubMed:7969474, ECO:0000305|PubMed:8208289, ECO:0000305|PubMed:8259210}.

Subunit: Heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of 3 subunits alpha, beta and gamma (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:23303210, PubMed:28655769). The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:8259210, PubMed:8208289, PubMed:7969474). Interacts with RHO (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:23303210, PubMed:28655769, PubMed:9539726, PubMed:21389983, PubMed:23579341, PubMed:21389988, PubMed:18818650). Interacts with RGS9 and PDE6G (PubMed:11234020). Interacts (when myristoylated) with UNC119; interaction is required for localization in sensory neurons (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P11488, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11234020, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18818650, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21285355, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21389983, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21389988, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23303210, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23579341, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28655769, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7969474, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8208289, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8259210, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9539726}.

Subcellular location: Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23303210}. Membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23303210, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28655769}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23303210, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28655769}. Photoreceptor inner segment {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P20612}. Note=Localizes mainly in the outer segment in the dark-adapted state, whereas is translocated to the inner part of the photoreceptors in the light-adapted state. During dark- adapted conditions, in the presence of UNC119 mislocalizes from the outer segment to the inner part of rod photoreceptors which leads to decreased photoreceptor damage caused by light. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P20612}.

Tissue specificity: Rod.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Bos taurus (Bovine).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos.



Function:		Functions as signal transducer for the rod photoreceptor RHO (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:23303210, PubMed:28655769, PubMed:8259210). Required for normal RHO-mediated light perception by the retina (By similarity). Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as the photoreceptor RHO. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:28655769, PubMed:8259210, PubMed:8208289, PubMed:7969474). Activated RHO promotes GDP release and GTP binding (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:28655769). Signaling is mediated via downstream effector proteins, such as cGMP-phosphodiesterase (PubMed:21285355). {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P11488, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21285355, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:28655769, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:23303210, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:7969474, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:8208289, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:8259210}.


Subunit:		Heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of 3 subunits alpha, beta and gamma (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:23303210, PubMed:28655769). The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:8259210, PubMed:8208289, PubMed:7969474). Interacts with RHO (PubMed:21285355, PubMed:23303210, PubMed:28655769, PubMed:9539726, PubMed:21389983, PubMed:23579341, PubMed:21389988, PubMed:18818650). Interacts with RGS9 and PDE6G (PubMed:11234020). Interacts (when myristoylated) with UNC119; interaction is required for localization in sensory neurons (By similarity). {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P11488, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11234020, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18818650, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21285355, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21389983, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21389988, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23303210, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23579341, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:28655769, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7969474, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8208289, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8259210, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9539726}.
Subcellular location:		Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23303210}. Membrane {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23303210, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:28655769}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23303210, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:28655769}. Photoreceptor inner segment {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P20612}. Note=Localizes mainly in the outer segment in the dark-adapted state, whereas is translocated to the inner part of the photoreceptors in the light-adapted state. During dark- adapted conditions, in the presence of UNC119 mislocalizes from the outer segment to the inner part of rod photoreceptors which leads to decreased photoreceptor damage caused by light. {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P20612}.
Tissue specificity:		Rod.