UniProt functional annotation for P00004



	UniProt functional annotation for P00004

UniProt code: P00004.

Organism: Equus caballus (Horse).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Perissodactyla; Equidae; Equus.

Function: Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.

Function: Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Subcellular location: Mitochondrion intermembrane space. Note=Loosely associated with the inner membrane.

Ptm: Binds 1 heme group per subunit.

Ptm: Phosphorylation at Tyr-49 and Tyr-98 both reduce by half the turnover in the reaction with cytochrome c oxidase, down-regulating mitochondrial respiration. {ECO:0000250}.

Miscellaneous: Mules and hinnies are heterozygous, having equal amount of horse and donkey cytochromes c.

Similarity: Belongs to the cytochrome c family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Equus caballus (Horse).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Perissodactyla; Equidae; Equus.



Function:		Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.



Function:		Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.


Subcellular location:		Mitochondrion intermembrane space. Note=Loosely associated with the inner membrane.
Ptm:		Binds 1 heme group per subunit.
Ptm:		Phosphorylation at Tyr-49 and Tyr-98 both reduce by half the turnover in the reaction with cytochrome c oxidase, down-regulating mitochondrial respiration. {ECO:0000250}.
Miscellaneous:		Mules and hinnies are heterozygous, having equal amount of horse and donkey cytochromes c.
Similarity:		Belongs to the cytochrome c family. {ECO:0000305}.