UniProt functional annotation for P0A006



	UniProt functional annotation for P0A006

UniProt code: P0A006.

Organism: Staphylococcus aureus.

Taxonomy: Bacteria; Firmicutes; Bacilli; Bacillales; Staphylococcaceae; Staphylococcus.

Function: Catalyzes the reduction of arsenate [As(V)] to arsenite [As(III)] (PubMed:1409657, PubMed:8003493, PubMed:10606519, PubMed:11862551, PubMed:12072565, PubMed:12682056, PubMed:16797027). In vitro, has also low phosphatase activity with para-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) as substrate (PubMed:11573087). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10606519, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11573087, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11862551, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12072565, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1409657, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16797027, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003493}.

Catalytic activity: Reaction=[thioredoxin]-dithiol + arsenate + H(+) = [thioredoxin]- disulfide + arsenite + H2O; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:43848, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:10698, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10700, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29242, ChEBI:CHEBI:29950, ChEBI:CHEBI:48597, ChEBI:CHEBI:50058; EC=1.20.4.4; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01624, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10606519, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11862551, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12072565, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1409657, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16797027, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003493};

Activity regulation: Potassium binding stabilizes the enzyme and increases its specific activity (PubMed:12682056, PubMed:16797027). Activity is also stimulated by sulfate (PubMed:16797027). Inhibited by arsenite (mixed inhibitor) (PubMed:11862551). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11862551, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16797027}.

Biophysicochemical properties: Kinetic parameters: KM=0.8 uM for arsenate (below 1 mM arsenate) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003493}; KM=2 mM for arsenate (above 1 mM arsenate) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003493}; KM=0.066 uM for arsenate {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10606519}; KM=68 uM for arsenate {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11862551}; KM=9 uM for arsenate (in the presence of KCl) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16797027}; KM=22 uM for arsenate (in the presence of NaCl) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16797027}; KM=61 uM for arsenate (in the presence of Na(2)SO(4)) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16797027}; KM=81 uM for arsenate (in the presence of K(2)SO(4)) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16797027}; KM=146 mM for para-nitrophenyl phosphate (reduced form only) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11573087}; Vmax=200 nmol/min/mg enzyme (below 1 mM arsenate) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003493}; Vmax=450 nmol/min/mg enzyme (above 1 mM arsenate) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003493}; Note=kcat is 4.5 min(-1) with arsenate as substrate (at 2 uM arsenate) and kcat is 9.9 min(-1) with arsenate as substrate (at 10 mM arsenate) (PubMed:10606519). kcat is 54 min(-1) in the presence of KCl (PubMed:12682056, PubMed:16797027). kcat is 35 min(-1) in the presence of NaCl (PubMed:12682056, PubMed:16797027). kcat is 172 min(-1) in the presence of Na(2)SO(4) (PubMed:16797027). kcat is 219 min(-1) in the presence of K(2)SO(4) (PubMed:16797027). kcat is 0.53 min(-1) for the phosphatase activity with para-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate (PubMed:11573087). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10606519, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11573087, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16797027}; pH dependence: Optimum pH is 8. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11862551};

Subunit: Monomer.

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01624, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1409657}.

Induction: Induced by arsenate [As(V)], arsenite [As(III)], and antimonite [Sb(III)]. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1534328}.

Ptm: Cys-89 performs a nucleophilic attack on a Cys-10-Cys-82 intermediate, forming another disulfide intermediate with Cys-82. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:11573087, ECO:0000305|PubMed:12072565}.

Mass spectrometry: Mass=14810.5; Method=Electrospray; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003493};

Mass spectrometry: Mass=14812; Method=Electrospray; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10606519};

Disruption phenotype: Deletion of the gene leads to a complete loss of arsenate resistance, but does not affect arsenite or antimony resistance. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1534328}.

Similarity: Belongs to the low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase family. Thioredoxin-coupled ArsC subfamily. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01624, ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Staphylococcus aureus.
Taxonomy:		Bacteria; Firmicutes; Bacilli; Bacillales; Staphylococcaceae; Staphylococcus.



Function:		Catalyzes the reduction of arsenate [As(V)] to arsenite [As(III)] (PubMed:1409657, PubMed:8003493, PubMed:10606519, PubMed:11862551, PubMed:12072565, PubMed:12682056, PubMed:16797027). In vitro, has also low phosphatase activity with para-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) as substrate (PubMed:11573087). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10606519, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11573087, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11862551, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12072565, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1409657, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16797027, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003493}.


Catalytic activity:		Reaction=[thioredoxin]-dithiol + arsenate + H(+) = [thioredoxin]- disulfide + arsenite + H2O; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:43848, Rhea:RHEA- COMP:10698, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10700, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29242, ChEBI:CHEBI:29950, ChEBI:CHEBI:48597, ChEBI:CHEBI:50058; EC=1.20.4.4; Evidence={ECO:0000255\|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01624, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10606519, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11862551, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12072565, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1409657, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16797027, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003493};
Activity regulation:		Potassium binding stabilizes the enzyme and increases its specific activity (PubMed:12682056, PubMed:16797027). Activity is also stimulated by sulfate (PubMed:16797027). Inhibited by arsenite (mixed inhibitor) (PubMed:11862551). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11862551, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16797027}.
Biophysicochemical properties:		Kinetic parameters: KM=0.8 uM for arsenate (below 1 mM arsenate) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003493}; KM=2 mM for arsenate (above 1 mM arsenate) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003493}; KM=0.066 uM for arsenate {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10606519}; KM=68 uM for arsenate {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11862551}; KM=9 uM for arsenate (in the presence of KCl) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16797027}; KM=22 uM for arsenate (in the presence of NaCl) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16797027}; KM=61 uM for arsenate (in the presence of Na(2)SO(4)) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16797027}; KM=81 uM for arsenate (in the presence of K(2)SO(4)) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16797027}; KM=146 mM for para-nitrophenyl phosphate (reduced form only) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11573087}; Vmax=200 nmol/min/mg enzyme (below 1 mM arsenate) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003493}; Vmax=450 nmol/min/mg enzyme (above 1 mM arsenate) {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003493}; Note=kcat is 4.5 min(-1) with arsenate as substrate (at 2 uM arsenate) and kcat is 9.9 min(-1) with arsenate as substrate (at 10 mM arsenate) (PubMed:10606519). kcat is 54 min(-1) in the presence of KCl (PubMed:12682056, PubMed:16797027). kcat is 35 min(-1) in the presence of NaCl (PubMed:12682056, PubMed:16797027). kcat is 172 min(-1) in the presence of Na(2)SO(4) (PubMed:16797027). kcat is 219 min(-1) in the presence of K(2)SO(4) (PubMed:16797027). kcat is 0.53 min(-1) for the phosphatase activity with para-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate (PubMed:11573087). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10606519, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11573087, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12682056, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16797027}; pH dependence: Optimum pH is 8. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11862551};
Subunit:		Monomer.
Subcellular location:		Cytoplasm {ECO:0000255\|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01624, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1409657}.
Induction:		Induced by arsenate [As(V)], arsenite [As(III)], and antimonite [Sb(III)]. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1534328}.
Ptm:		Cys-89 performs a nucleophilic attack on a Cys-10-Cys-82 intermediate, forming another disulfide intermediate with Cys-82. {ECO:0000305\|PubMed:11573087, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:12072565}.
Mass spectrometry:		Mass=14810.5; Method=Electrospray; Evidence={ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8003493};
Mass spectrometry:		Mass=14812; Method=Electrospray; Evidence={ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10606519};
Disruption phenotype:		Deletion of the gene leads to a complete loss of arsenate resistance, but does not affect arsenite or antimony resistance. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1534328}.
Similarity:		Belongs to the low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase family. Thioredoxin-coupled ArsC subfamily. {ECO:0000255\|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01624, ECO:0000305}.