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UniProt functional annotation for P17597 | ||
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| UniProt code: P17597. |
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| Organism: | |
Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress). |
| Taxonomy: | |
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis. |
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| Function: | |
Catalyzes the formation of acetolactate from pyruvate, the first step in valine and isoleucine biosynthesis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10386618, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16665813, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16667374, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16668488, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2336405, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8913312, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9355748, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9677339, ECO:0000269|Ref.9}. |
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| Catalytic activity: | |
Reaction=H(+) + 2 pyruvate = (2S)-2-acetolactate + CO2; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:25249, ChEBI:CHEBI:15361, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:58476; EC=2.2.1.6; |
| Cofactor: | |
Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420; Note=Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.; |
| Cofactor: | |
Name=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692; |
| Cofactor: | |
Name=thiamine diphosphate; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:58937; Note=Binds 1 thiamine pyrophosphate per subunit.; |
| Activity regulation: | |
Inhibited by asymmetric aryl disulfides, triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide compounds, isatin derivatives, and sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides. Insensitive to feed-back inhibition by branched-chain amino acids. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19342247, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20598554, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21838297, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22905906, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9355748}. |
| Biophysicochemical properties: | |
pH dependence: Optimum pH is 7.0-7.5. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9355748, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9677339}; |
| Pathway: | |
Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-isoleucine biosynthesis; L- isoleucine from 2-oxobutanoate: step 1/4. |
| Pathway: | |
Amino-acid biosynthesis; L-valine biosynthesis; L-valine from pyruvate: step 1/4. |
| Subunit: | |
Homodimer or homotetramer. The acetolactate synthase complex contains both large catalytic subunits and small regulatory subunits. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16407096, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19187232, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9355748}. |
| Subcellular location: | |
Plastid, chloroplast {ECO:0000305}. |
| Disruption phenotype: | |
Lethal when homozygous. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22430369}. |
| Biotechnology: | |
Introduced by genetic manipulation and expressed in sulfonylurea resistant plants. |
| Similarity: | |
Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. {ECO:0000305}. |
Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.