UniProt functional annotation for P19339



	UniProt functional annotation for P19339

UniProt code: P19339.

Organism: Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.

Function: Sex determination switch protein which controls sexual development by sex-specific splicing. Regulates dosage compensation in females by suppressing hyperactivation of X-linked genes. Expression of the embryo-specific isoform is under the control of primary sex- determining signal, which depends on the ratio of X chromosomes relative to autosomes (X:A ratio). Expression occurs in 2X:2A cells, but not in X:2A cells. The X:A ratio seems to be signaled by the relative concentration of the X-linked transcription factors SIS-A and SIS-B. As a result, the embryo-specific product is expressed early only in female embryos and specifies female-adult specific splicing; in the male where it is not expressed, the default splicing gives rise to a truncated non-functional protein. The female-specific isoform specifies the splicing of its own transcript, thereby initiating a positive autoregulatory feedback loop leading to female development pathway. The female-specific isoform controls the sex-specific splicing of transformer (TRA); acts as a translational repressor for male-specific lethal-2 (MSL-2) and prevents male-less (MLE), MSL-1 and MSL-3 proteins from associating with the female X chromosome. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1547493, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1710769, ECO:0000269|PubMed:3144435}.

Subunit: Part of a complex containing fl(2)d, Sxl and vir (PubMed:12444081). Interacts with nito (PubMed:26324914). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12444081, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26324914}.

Tissue specificity: Expressed in somatic tissues, but not in the pole cells, which are the precursors of the germline.

Developmental stage: Isoform 1 is embryo-specific. Isoform CM1 is male- specific. Isoforms MS3, MS11 and MS16 are female specific. Isoform 1 is expressed for a brief period during the syncytial blastoderm stage. Isoform MS11 is expressed in 4-7 hours embryo. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1710769, ECO:0000269|PubMed:3144435}.

Domain: The Gly-Asn rich domain is required for the cooperative interaction with RNA and for regulating the splicing activity.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.



Function:		Sex determination switch protein which controls sexual development by sex-specific splicing. Regulates dosage compensation in females by suppressing hyperactivation of X-linked genes. Expression of the embryo-specific isoform is under the control of primary sex- determining signal, which depends on the ratio of X chromosomes relative to autosomes (X:A ratio). Expression occurs in 2X:2A cells, but not in X:2A cells. The X:A ratio seems to be signaled by the relative concentration of the X-linked transcription factors SIS-A and SIS-B. As a result, the embryo-specific product is expressed early only in female embryos and specifies female-adult specific splicing; in the male where it is not expressed, the default splicing gives rise to a truncated non-functional protein. The female-specific isoform specifies the splicing of its own transcript, thereby initiating a positive autoregulatory feedback loop leading to female development pathway. The female-specific isoform controls the sex-specific splicing of transformer (TRA); acts as a translational repressor for male-specific lethal-2 (MSL-2) and prevents male-less (MLE), MSL-1 and MSL-3 proteins from associating with the female X chromosome. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1547493, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1710769, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:3144435}.


Subunit:		Part of a complex containing fl(2)d, Sxl and vir (PubMed:12444081). Interacts with nito (PubMed:26324914). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12444081, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26324914}.
Tissue specificity:		Expressed in somatic tissues, but not in the pole cells, which are the precursors of the germline.
Developmental stage:		Isoform 1 is embryo-specific. Isoform CM1 is male- specific. Isoforms MS3, MS11 and MS16 are female specific. Isoform 1 is expressed for a brief period during the syncytial blastoderm stage. Isoform MS11 is expressed in 4-7 hours embryo. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1710769, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:3144435}.
Domain:		The Gly-Asn rich domain is required for the cooperative interaction with RNA and for regulating the splicing activity.