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* Residue conservation analysis
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Enzyme class:
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Chain E:
E.C.3.4.21.4
- trypsin.
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Reaction:
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Preferential cleavage: Arg-|-Xaa, Lys-|-Xaa.
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DOI no:
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Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr
61:1255-1262
(2005)
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PubMed id:
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Structure of Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II (EETI-II): a rigid molecular scaffold.
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R.Krätzner,
J.E.Debreczeni,
T.Pape,
T.R.Schneider,
A.Wentzel,
H.Kolmar,
G.M.Sheldrick,
I.Uson.
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ABSTRACT
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The Ecballium elaterium trypsin inhibitor II (EETI-II) belongs to the family of
squash inhibitors and is one of the strongest inhibitors known for trypsin. The
eight independent molecules of EETI-II in the crystal structure reported here
provide a good opportunity to test the hypothesis that this small cystine-knot
protein (knottin) is sufficiently rigid to be used as a molecular scaffold for
protein-engineering purposes. To extend this test, the structures of two
complexes of EETI-II with trypsin have also been determined, one carrying a
four-amino-acid mutation of EETI-II. The remarkable similarity of these
structures confirms the rigidity of the molecular framework and hence its
suitability as a molecular scaffold.
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Selected figure(s)
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Figure 3.
Figure 3
Dimer formed by the molecules A and B. Molecule pairs CD and EF display a similar
arrangement. The sodium ion is shown as a solid ball.
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Figure 6.
Figure 6
Least-squares superpositions of all main-chain atoms of EETI-II. (a) All eight independent
molecules in the uncomplexed structure; (b) uncomplexed (black) and complexed (red)
EETI-II and the NMR model (green); (c) uncomplexed EETI-II (black), the trypsin-EETI-II-
[beta] TNNK complex (red) and CMTI-I (blue).
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The above figures are
reprinted
by permission from the IUCr:
Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr
(2005,
61,
1255-1262)
copyright 2005.
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Figures were
selected
by the author.
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
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PubMed id
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Reference
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H.J.Chang,
H.J.Hsu,
C.F.Chang,
H.P.Peng,
Y.K.Sun,
H.M.Yu,
H.C.Shih,
C.Y.Song,
Y.T.Lin,
C.C.Chen,
C.H.Wang,
and
A.S.Yang
(2009).
Molecular evolution of cystine-stabilized miniproteins as stable proteinaceous binders.
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Structure,
17,
620-631.
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J.Austin,
W.Wang,
S.Puttamadappa,
A.Shekhtman,
and
J.A.Camarero
(2009).
Biosynthesis and biological screening of a genetically encoded library based on the cyclotide MCoTI-I.
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Chembiochem,
10,
2663-2670.
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J.L.Lahti,
A.P.Silverman,
and
J.R.Cochran
(2009).
Interrogating and predicting tolerated sequence diversity in protein folds: application to E. elaterium trypsin inhibitor-II cystine-knot miniprotein.
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PLoS Comput Biol,
5,
e1000499.
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R.H.Kimura,
A.M.Levin,
F.V.Cochran,
and
J.R.Cochran
(2009).
Engineered cystine knot peptides that bind alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5, and alpha5beta1 integrins with low-nanomolar affinity.
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Proteins,
77,
359-369.
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A.Heitz,
O.Avrutina,
D.Le-Nguyen,
U.Diederichsen,
J.F.Hernandez,
J.Gracy,
H.Kolmar,
and
L.Chiche
(2008).
Knottin cyclization: Impact on Structure and Dynamics.
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BMC Struct Biol,
8,
54.
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H.Kolmar
(2008).
Alternative binding proteins: biological activity and therapeutic potential of cystine-knot miniproteins.
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FEBS J,
275,
2684-2690.
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M.Werle,
H.Kolmar,
R.Albrecht,
and
A.Bernkop-Schnürch
(2008).
Characterisation of the barrier caused by luminally secreted gastro-intestinal proteolytic enzymes for two novel cystine-knot microproteins.
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Amino Acids,
35,
195-200.
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O.Avrutina,
H.U.Schmoldt,
D.Gabrijelcic-Geiger,
A.Wentzel,
H.Frauendorf,
C.P.Sommerhoff,
U.Diederichsen,
and
H.Kolmar
(2008).
Head-to-tail cyclized cystine-knot peptides by a combined recombinant and chemical route of synthesis.
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Chembiochem,
9,
33-37.
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M.Cemazar,
N.L.Daly,
S.Häggblad,
K.P.Lo,
E.Yulyaningsih,
and
D.J.Craik
(2006).
Knots in rings. The circular knotted protein Momordica cochinchinensis trypsin inhibitor-II folds via a stable two-disulfide intermediate.
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J Biol Chem,
281,
8224-8232.
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O.Avrutina,
H.U.Schmoldt,
D.Gabrijelcic-Geiger,
D.Le Nguyen,
C.P.Sommerhoff,
U.Diederichsen,
and
H.Kolmar
(2005).
Trypsin inhibition by macrocyclic and open-chain variants of the squash inhibitor MCoTI-II.
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Biol Chem,
386,
1301-1306.
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The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be
only a partial list as not all journals are covered by
either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data
so more and more references will be included with time.
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