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Conserved epitope on influenza-virus hemagglutinin head defined by a vaccine-induced antibody.

Raymond DD, Bajic G, Ferdman J, Suphaphiphat P, Settembre EC, Moody MA, Schmidt AG, Harrison SC
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115 168-173 (2018)
Cited: 77 times
EuropePMC logo PMID: 29255041

Abstract

Circulating influenza viruses evade neutralization in their human hosts by acquiring escape mutations at epitopes of prevalent antibodies. A goal for next-generation influenza vaccines is to reduce escape likelihood by selectively eliciting antibodies recognizing conserved surfaces on the viral hemagglutinin (HA). The receptor-binding site (RBS) on the HA "head" and a region near the fusion peptide on the HA "stem" are two such sites. We describe here a human antibody clonal lineage, designated CL6649, members of which bind a third conserved site ("lateral patch") on the side of the H1-subtype, HA head. A crystal structure of HA with bound Fab6649 shows the conserved antibody footprint. The site was invariant in isolates from 1977 (seasonal) to 2012 (pdm2009); antibodies in CL6649 recognize HAs from the entire period. In 2013, human H1 viruses acquired mutations in this epitope that were retained in subsequent seasons, prompting modification of the H1 vaccine component in 2017. The mutations inhibit Fab6649 binding. We infer from the rapid spread of these mutations in circulating H1 influenza viruses that the previously subdominant, conserved lateral patch had become immunodominant for individuals with B-cell memory imprinted by earlier H1 exposure. We suggest that introduction of the pdm2009 H1 virus, to which most of the broadly prevalent, neutralizing antibodies did not bind, conferred a selective advantage in the immune systems of infected hosts to recall of memory B cells that recognized the lateral patch, the principal exposed epitope that did not change when pdm2009 displaced previous seasonal H1 viruses.

Articles - 5w6g mentioned but not cited (6)

  1. Conserved epitope on influenza-virus hemagglutinin head defined by a vaccine-induced antibody. Raymond DD, Bajic G, Ferdman J, Suphaphiphat P, Settembre EC, Moody MA, Schmidt AG, Harrison SC. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115 168-173 (2018)
  2. Polyreactive Broadly Neutralizing B cells Are Selected to Provide Defense against Pandemic Threat Influenza Viruses. Guthmiller JJ, Lan LY, Fernández-Quintero ML, Han J, Utset HA, Bitar DJ, Hamel NJ, Stovicek O, Li L, Tepora M, Henry C, Neu KE, Dugan HL, Borowska MT, Chen YQ, Liu STH, Stamper CT, Zheng NY, Huang M, Palm AE, García-Sastre A, Nachbagauer R, Palese P, Coughlan L, Krammer F, Ward AB, Liedl KR, Wilson PC. Immunity 53 1230-1244.e5 (2020)
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