EC 1.17.3.2: Xanthine oxidase
Reaction catalysed:
Xanthine + H(2)O + O(2) = urate + H(2)O(2)
Systematic name:
Xanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase
Alternative Name(s):
- Hypoxanthine oxidase
- Hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase
- Hypoxanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase
- Schardinger enzyme
- Xanthine oxidoreductase
- Xanthine:O(2) oxidoreductase
- Xanthine:xanthine oxidase
EC 1.17.1.4: Xanthine dehydrogenase
Reaction catalysed:
Xanthine + NAD(+) + H(2)O = urate + NADH
Systematic name:
Xanthine:NAD(+) oxidoreductase
Alternative Name(s):
- NAD-xanthine dehydrogenase
- Xanthine oxidoreductase
- Xanthine-NAD oxidoreductase
- Xanthine/NAD(+) oxidoreductase
GO terms
Biochemical function:
- FAD binding
- hypoxanthine oxidase activity
- hypoxanthine dehydrogenase activity
- 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding
- iron-sulfur cluster binding
- flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
- nitrite reductase (NO-forming) activity
- metal ion binding
- molybdopterin cofactor binding
- protein homodimerization activity
- identical protein binding
- oxidoreductase activity
- iron ion binding
- xanthine oxidase activity
- xanthine dehydrogenase activity
Biological process:
- negative regulation of vasculogenesis
- positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
- negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade
- response to azide
- cellular response to tumor necrosis factor
- cellular response to interleukin-1
- negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction
- dAMP catabolic process
- dGMP catabolic process
- GMP catabolic process
- negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiation
- amide catabolic process
- response to hydrogen peroxide
- response to carbon monoxide
- response to lipopolysaccharide
- regulation of epithelial cell differentiation
- iron-sulfur cluster assembly
- negative regulation of gene expression
- response to aluminum ion
- xanthine catabolic process
- hypoxanthine catabolic process
- lactation
- IMP catabolic process
- AMP catabolic process
- deoxyguanosine catabolic process
- deoxyadenosine catabolic process
- adenosine catabolic process
- deoxyinosine catabolic process
- inosine catabolic process
- guanine catabolic process
- negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
- negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
- allantoin metabolic process
Cellular component:
Sequence families
Protein families (Pfam)
PF01315
Domain description:
Aldehyde oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase, a/b hammerhead domain
Occurring in:
Occurring in:
![The deposited structure of PDB entry 4ytz contains 2 copies of Pfam domain PF01799 ([2Fe-2S] binding domain) in Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase. Showing 1 copy in chain A.](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/static/entry/4ytz_1_A_Pfam_PF01799_image-200x200.png "The deposited structure of PDB entry <span class='highlight'>4ytz</span> contains 2 copies of Pfam domain <span class='highlight'>PF01799 ([2Fe-2S] binding domain)</span> in <span class='highlight'>Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase</span>. Showing 1 copy in chain <span class='highlight'>A</span>.")
InterPro annotations
IPR046867
Domain description:
Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, second molybdopterin binding domain
Occurring in:
Occurring in:
IPR008274
Domain description:
Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, first molybdopterin binding domain
Occurring in:
Occurring in:
IPR037165
Domain description:
Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, molybdopterin binding domain superfamily
Occurring in:
Occurring in:
IPR036856
Domain description:
Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, a/b hammerhead superfamily
Occurring in:
Occurring in:
IPR036683
Domain description:
CO dehydrogenase flavoprotein, C-terminal domain superfamily
Occurring in:
Occurring in: