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Overview
Isopropylmalate dehydrogenase-like domain (IPR024084)
Short name: IsoPropMal-DH-like_dom
Overlapping homologous superfamilies
None.
Domain relationships
None.
Description
The isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family includes isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IMDH) and tartrate dehydrogenase.
IDH is an important enzyme of carbohydrate metabolism which catalyses the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate [PMID: 2682654, PMID: 1939242]. IDH is either dependent on NAD+ (EC:1.1.1.41) or on NADP+ (EC:1.1.1.42). In eukaryotes there are at least three isozymes of IDH: two are located in the mitochondrial matrix (one NAD+-dependent, the other NADP+-dependent), while the third one (also NADP+-dependent) is cytoplasmic. In Escherichia coli, the activity of a NADP+-dependent form of the enzyme is controlled by the phosphorylation of a serine residue; the phosphorylated form of IDH is completely inactivated.
IMDH (EC:1.1.1.85) catalyses the third step in the biosynthesis of leucine in bacteria and fungi, the oxidative decarboxylation of 3-isopropylmalate into 2-oxo-4-methylvalerate [PMID: 1748999, PMID: 7773180].
Tartrate dehydrogenase (EC:1.1.1.93) shows strong homology to prokaryotic isopropylmalate dehydrogenases and, to a lesser extent, isocitrate dehydrogenase [PMID: 8053675]. It catalyses the reduction of tartrate to oxaloglycolate [PMID: 8053675].
This entry represents a structural domain found in all types of isocitrate dehydrogenase, and in isopropylmalate dehydrogenase and tartrate dehydrogenase. The crystal structure of Escherichia coli isopropylmalate dehydrogenase has been described [PMID: 9086278].
GO terms
Biological Process
GO:0055114 oxidation-reduction process
Molecular Function
GO:0016616 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Cellular Component
No terms assigned in this category.