{"metadata":{"accession":"Q6QWN0","id":"Q6QWN0_HUMAN","source_organism":{"taxId":"9606","scientificName":"Homo sapiens","fullName":"Homo sapiens (Human)"},"name":"Interleukin-2","description":["Cytokine produced by activated CD4-positive helper T-cells and to a lesser extend activated CD8-positive T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells that plays pivotal roles in the immune response and tolerance. Binds to a receptor complex composed of either the high-affinity trimeric IL-2R (IL2RA/CD25, IL2RB/CD122 and IL2RG/CD132) or the low-affinity dimeric IL-2R (IL2RB and IL2RG). Interaction with the receptor leads to oligomerization and conformation changes in the IL-2R subunits resulting in downstream signaling starting with phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3. In turn, JAK1 and JAK3 phosphorylate the receptor to form a docking site leading to the phosphorylation of several substrates including STAT5. This process leads to activation of several pathways including STAT, phosphoinositide-3-kinase/PI3K and mitogen-activated protein kinase/MAPK pathways. Functions as a T-cell growth factor and can increase NK-cell cytolytic activity as well. Promotes strong proliferation of activated B-cells and subsequently immunoglobulin production. Plays a pivotal role in regulating the adaptive immune system by controlling the survival and proliferation of regulatory T-cells, which are required for the maintenance of immune tolerance. Moreover, participates in the differentiation and homeostasis of effector T-cell subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th17 as well as memory CD8-positive T-cells"],"length":133,"sequence":"MPTSSSTKKTQLQLEHLLLDLQMILNGINNYKNPKLTRMLTFKFYMPKKATELKHLQCLEEELKPLEEVLNLAQSKNFHLRPRDLISNINVIVLELKGSETTFMCEYADETATIVEFLNRWITFSQSIISTLT","proteome":null,"gene":"IL2","go_terms":[{"identifier":"GO:0005134","name":"interleukin-2 receptor binding","category":{"code":"F","name":"molecular_function"}},{"identifier":"GO:0008083","name":"growth factor activity","category":{"code":"F","name":"molecular_function"}},{"identifier":"GO:0006955","name":"immune response","category":{"code":"P","name":"biological_process"}},{"identifier":"GO:0005576","name":"extracellular region","category":{"code":"C","name":"cellular_component"}}],"protein_evidence":2,"source_database":"unreviewed","is_fragment":false,"in_alphafold":true,"in_bfvd":false,"ida_accession":"3a4b83dd59544f374748341bb624534c2afdfd7b","counters":{"domain_architectures":309,"entries":10,"isoforms":0,"proteomes":0,"sets":1,"structures":0,"taxa":1,"dbEntries":{"smart":1,"pfam":1,"cathgene3d":1,"ssf":1,"panther":1,"prosite":1,"prints":1,"interpro":3},"proteome":0,"taxonomy":1,"similar_proteins":309}}}