Clusters of short DNA repeats with non-homologous spacers, which are found at regular intervals in the genomes of phylogenetically distinct prokaryotic species, comprise a family with recognisable features. This family is known as CRISPR (short for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats). A number of protein families appear only in association with these repeats and are designated Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins [[cite:PUB00043286]]. This entry represents Csm2 Type III-A, a family of Cas proteins also known as TM1810/Csm2 [[cite:PUB00078085]].
","llm":false,"checked":false,"updated":false}],"wikipedia":[{"title":"CRISPR","extract":"CRISPR is a family of DNA sequences found in the genomes of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and archaea. Each sequence within an individual prokaryotic CRISPR is derived from a DNA fragment of a bacteriophage that had previously infected the prokaryote or one of its ancestors. These sequences are used to detect and destroy DNA from similar bacteriophages during subsequent infections. Hence these sequences play a key role in the antiviral defense system of prokaryotes and provide a form of heritable, acquired immunity. CRISPR is found in approximately 50% of sequenced bacterial genomes and nearly 90% of sequenced archaea.
","thumbnail":null}],"literature":{"PUB00043286":{"PMID":17442114,"ISBN":null,"volume":"8","issue":"4","year":2007,"title":"Evolutionary conservation of sequence and secondary structures in CRISPR repeats.","URL":null,"raw_pages":"R61","medline_journal":"Genome Biol","ISO_journal":"Genome Biol.","authors":["Kunin V","Sorek R","Hugenholtz P."],"DOI_URL":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2007-8-4-r61"},"PUB00078085":{"PMID":21552286,"ISBN":null,"volume":"9","issue":"6","year":2011,"title":"Evolution and classification of the CRISPR-Cas systems.","URL":null,"raw_pages":"467-77","medline_journal":"Nat Rev Microbiol","ISO_journal":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol.","authors":["Makarova KS","Haft DH","Barrangou R","Brouns SJ","Charpentier E","Horvath P","Moineau S","Mojica FJ","Wolf YI","Yakunin AF","van der Oost J","Koonin EV."],"DOI_URL":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2577"}},"set_info":null,"overlaps_with":null,"counters":{"subfamilies":0,"domain_architectures":4,"interactions":0,"matches":568,"pathways":0,"proteins":564,"proteomes":541,"sets":0,"structural_models":{"alphafold":432},"structures":48,"taxa":1553},"entry_annotations":{"hmm":0,"logo":0,"alignment:seed":16,"alignment:full":335},"cross_references":{},"is_llm":false,"is_reviewed_llm":false,"is_updated_llm":false,"representative_structure":null}}