{"metadata":{"accession":"PF03235","entry_id":null,"type":"domain","go_terms":null,"source_database":"pfam","member_databases":null,"integrated":"IPR004919","hierarchy":null,"name":{"name":"GmrSD restriction endonuclease, N-terminal domain","short":"GmrSD_N"},"description":[{"text":"<p>This entry (previously known as DUF262) represents a domain found N-terminal in the GmrSD family of modification-dependent restriction endonuclease, including BrxU and SspE proteins [[cite:PUB00155271],[cite:PUB00155272]]. BrxU is a type IV DNA modification-dependent restriction enzyme, which is promiscuous and uses a range of nucleotide and metal co-factors to recognise and cleave DNA that contains any of at least three different modifications, and this activity is dependent on the initial nucleotide-driven dissociation of BrxU dimers, and subsequent nucleotide hydrolysis [[cite:PUB00155271]]. SspE is a dual-function protein that exerts both N-terminal NTPase and C-terminal DNA nicking nuclease activities to defend against phage infection [[cite:PUB00155272]]. BrxU targets and cleaves DNA containing one of at least three DNA modifications, 5mC, 5hmC or glc-5hmC whereas SspE has a phosphorothioate (PT) modification-binding preference and utilizes epigenetic PT modification to accomplish self-nonself discrimination and to coordinate its NTPase and DNA nicking activities to fight against phages. The domain represented in this entry is involved in nucleotide binding, recognition and hydrolysis.</p>","llm":false,"checked":false,"updated":false}],"wikipedia":null,"literature":{"PUB00155271":{"PMID":34657954,"ISBN":null,"volume":"49","issue":"19","year":2021,"title":"The phage defence island of a multidrug resistant plasmid uses both BREX and type IV restriction for complementary protection from viruses.","URL":null,"raw_pages":"11257-11273","medline_journal":"Nucleic Acids Res","ISO_journal":"Nucleic Acids Res","authors":["Picton DM","Luyten YA","Morgan RD","Nelson A","Smith DL","Dryden DTF","Hinton JCD","Blower TR."],"DOI_URL":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab906"},"PUB00155272":{"PMID":36351933,"ISBN":null,"volume":"13","issue":"1","year":2022,"title":"Nicking mechanism underlying the DNA phosphorothioate-sensing antiphage defense by SspE.","URL":null,"raw_pages":"6773","medline_journal":"Nat Commun","ISO_journal":"Nat Commun","authors":["Gao H","Gong X","Zhou J","Zhang Y","Duan J","Wei Y","Chen L","Deng Z","Wang J","Chen S","Wu G","Wang L."],"DOI_URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34505-0"}},"set_info":{"accession":"CL0248","name":"ParB_Srx"},"overlaps_with":null,"counters":{"subfamilies":0,"domain_architectures":93,"interactions":0,"matches":14176,"pathways":0,"proteins":14123,"proteomes":8899,"sets":1,"structural_models":{"alphafold":9036},"structures":8,"taxa":14565},"entry_annotations":{"hmm":0,"logo":0,"alignment:seed":168,"alignment:full":7662},"cross_references":{},"is_llm":false,"is_reviewed_llm":false,"is_updated_llm":false,"representative_structure":null}}