UniProt functional annotation for P35240



	UniProt functional annotation for P35240

UniProt code: P35240.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Probable regulator of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Along with WWC1 can synergistically induce the phosphorylation of LATS1 and LATS2 and can probably function in the regulation of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway. May act as a membrane stabilizing protein. May inhibit PI3 kinase by binding to AGAP2 and impairing its stimulating activity. Suppresses cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by inhibiting the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-VprBP/DCAF1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20159598, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20178741, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21167305}.

Subunit: Interacts with SLC9A3R1, HGS and AGAP2. Interacts with LAYN (By similarity). Interacts with SGSM3. Interacts (via FERM domain) with MPP1. Interacts with WWC1. Interacts with the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1- VprBP/DCAF1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. The unphosphorylated form interacts (via FERM domain) with VPRBP/DCAF1. Interacts (via FERM domain) with NOP53; the interaction is direct (PubMed:21167305). Interacts with SCHIP1; the interaction is direct (PubMed:10669747). {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10669747, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10861283, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15541357, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15598747, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18332868, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19144871, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20159599, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20178741, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21167305, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9430655}.

Subcellular location: [Isoform 1]: Cell projection, filopodium membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cell projection, ruffle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Nucleus. Note=In a fibroblastic cell line, isoform 1 is found homogeneously distributed over the entire cell, with a particularly strong staining in ruffling membranes and filopodia. Colocalizes with MPP1 in non-myelin-forming Schwann cells. Binds with DCAF1 in the nucleus. The intramolecular association of the FERM domain with the C- terminal tail promotes nuclear accumulation. The unphosphorylated form accumulates predominantly in the nucleus while the phosphorylated form is largely confined to the non-nuclear fractions.

Subcellular location: [Isoform 7]: Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Observed in cytoplasmic granules concentrated in a perinuclear location. Isoform 7 is absent from ruffling membranes and filopodia.

Subcellular location: [Isoform 9]: Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Observed in cytoplasmic granules concentrated in a perinuclear location. Isoform 9 is absent from ruffling membranes and filopodia.

Subcellular location: [Isoform 10]: Nucleus. Cell projection, filopodium membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cell projection, ruffle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasmic granule. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Note=In a fibroblastic cell line, isoform 10 is found homogeneously distributed over the entire cell, with a particularly strong staining in ruffling membranes and filopodia.

Tissue specificity: Widely expressed. Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are predominant. Isoform 4, isoform 5 and isoform 6 are expressed moderately. Isoform 8 is found at low frequency. Isoform 7, isoform 9 and isoform 10 are not expressed in adult tissues, with the exception of adult retina expressing isoform 10. Isoform 9 is faintly expressed in fetal brain, heart, lung, skeletal muscle and spleen. Fetal thymus expresses isoforms 1, 7, 9 and 10 at similar levels.

Ptm: Phosphorylation of Ser-518 inhibits nuclear localization by disrupting the intramolecular association of the FERM domain with the C-terminal tail (PubMed:20178741). The dephosphorylation of Ser-518 favors the interaction with NOP53 (PubMed:21167305). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20178741, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21167305}.

Ptm: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VprBP E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome- dependent degradation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18332868}.

Disease: Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) [MIM:101000]: Genetic disorder characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas (formerly called acoustic neuromas), schwannomas of other cranial and peripheral nerves, meningiomas, and ependymomas. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with full penetrance. Affected individuals generally develop symptoms of eighth-nerve dysfunction in early adulthood, including deafness and balance disorder. Although the tumors of NF2 are histologically benign, their anatomic location makes management difficult, and patients suffer great morbidity and mortality. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10090912, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10669747, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10790209, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12709270, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20178741, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20445339, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7666400, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7759081, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7913580, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8081368, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8230593, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8566958, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8698340, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9643284}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Disease: Schwannomatosis 1 (SWNTS1) [MIM:162091]: A cancer syndrome in which patients develop multiple non-vestibular schwannomas, benign neoplasms that arise from Schwann cells of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18072270}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Disease: Mesothelioma, malignant (MESOM) [MIM:156240]: An aggressive neoplasm of the serosal lining of the chest. It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12136076}. Note=The disease may be caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Probable regulator of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Along with WWC1 can synergistically induce the phosphorylation of LATS1 and LATS2 and can probably function in the regulation of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway. May act as a membrane stabilizing protein. May inhibit PI3 kinase by binding to AGAP2 and impairing its stimulating activity. Suppresses cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by inhibiting the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-VprBP/DCAF1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20159598, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20178741, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21167305}.


Subunit:		Interacts with SLC9A3R1, HGS and AGAP2. Interacts with LAYN (By similarity). Interacts with SGSM3. Interacts (via FERM domain) with MPP1. Interacts with WWC1. Interacts with the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1- VprBP/DCAF1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. The unphosphorylated form interacts (via FERM domain) with VPRBP/DCAF1. Interacts (via FERM domain) with NOP53; the interaction is direct (PubMed:21167305). Interacts with SCHIP1; the interaction is direct (PubMed:10669747). {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10669747, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10861283, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15541357, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15598747, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18332868, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19144871, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20159599, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20178741, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21167305, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9430655}.
Subcellular location:		[Isoform 1]: Cell projection, filopodium membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cell projection, ruffle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Nucleus. Note=In a fibroblastic cell line, isoform 1 is found homogeneously distributed over the entire cell, with a particularly strong staining in ruffling membranes and filopodia. Colocalizes with MPP1 in non-myelin-forming Schwann cells. Binds with DCAF1 in the nucleus. The intramolecular association of the FERM domain with the C- terminal tail promotes nuclear accumulation. The unphosphorylated form accumulates predominantly in the nucleus while the phosphorylated form is largely confined to the non-nuclear fractions.
Subcellular location:		[Isoform 7]: Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Observed in cytoplasmic granules concentrated in a perinuclear location. Isoform 7 is absent from ruffling membranes and filopodia.
Subcellular location:		[Isoform 9]: Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Observed in cytoplasmic granules concentrated in a perinuclear location. Isoform 9 is absent from ruffling membranes and filopodia.
Subcellular location:		[Isoform 10]: Nucleus. Cell projection, filopodium membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cell projection, ruffle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasmic granule. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Note=In a fibroblastic cell line, isoform 10 is found homogeneously distributed over the entire cell, with a particularly strong staining in ruffling membranes and filopodia.
Tissue specificity:		Widely expressed. Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are predominant. Isoform 4, isoform 5 and isoform 6 are expressed moderately. Isoform 8 is found at low frequency. Isoform 7, isoform 9 and isoform 10 are not expressed in adult tissues, with the exception of adult retina expressing isoform 10. Isoform 9 is faintly expressed in fetal brain, heart, lung, skeletal muscle and spleen. Fetal thymus expresses isoforms 1, 7, 9 and 10 at similar levels.
Ptm:		Phosphorylation of Ser-518 inhibits nuclear localization by disrupting the intramolecular association of the FERM domain with the C-terminal tail (PubMed:20178741). The dephosphorylation of Ser-518 favors the interaction with NOP53 (PubMed:21167305). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20178741, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21167305}.
Ptm:		Ubiquitinated by the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VprBP E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome- dependent degradation. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18332868}.
Disease:		Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) [MIM:101000]: Genetic disorder characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas (formerly called acoustic neuromas), schwannomas of other cranial and peripheral nerves, meningiomas, and ependymomas. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with full penetrance. Affected individuals generally develop symptoms of eighth-nerve dysfunction in early adulthood, including deafness and balance disorder. Although the tumors of NF2 are histologically benign, their anatomic location makes management difficult, and patients suffer great morbidity and mortality. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10090912, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10669747, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10790209, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12709270, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20178741, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20445339, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7666400, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7759081, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7913580, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8081368, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8230593, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8566958, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8698340, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9643284}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease:		Schwannomatosis 1 (SWNTS1) [MIM:162091]: A cancer syndrome in which patients develop multiple non-vestibular schwannomas, benign neoplasms that arise from Schwann cells of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18072270}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Disease:		Mesothelioma, malignant (MESOM) [MIM:156240]: An aggressive neoplasm of the serosal lining of the chest. It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12136076}. Note=The disease may be caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.