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UniProt functional annotation for P84051 | ||
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| UniProt code: P84051. |
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| Organism: | |
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly). |
| Taxonomy: | |
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora. |
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| Function: | |
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. |
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| Subunit: | |
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. |
| Subcellular location: | |
Nucleus. Chromosome. |
| Ptm: | |
The chromatin-associated form, but not the free cytoplasmic form, is phosphorylated on Thr-120 by NHK-1 during mitosis, and dephosphorylated during S-phase. Also phosphorylated on Thr-120 by NHK- 1 during prophase I of meiosis; which is required for acetylation of H3 'Lys-14' and H4 'Lys-5', diassembly of the synaptonemal complex, and karyosome formation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15078818, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15133681, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16230526}. |
| Ptm: | |
Monoubiquitination of Lys-119 by sce/dRING gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. |
| Ptm: | |
Phosphorylation on Ser-2 is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 directly represses transcription (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. |
| Similarity: | |
Belongs to the histone H2A family. {ECO:0000305}. |
Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.