UniProt functional annotation for Q13325



	UniProt functional annotation for Q13325

UniProt code: Q13325.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Interferon-induced RNA-binding protein involved in the human innate immune response. Has a broad and adaptable RNA structure recognition important for RNA recognition specificity in antiviral defense. Binds precursor and processed tRNAs as well as poly-U-tailed tRNA fragments (PubMed:25092312, PubMed:23317505, PubMed:23774268). Specifically binds single-stranded RNA bearing a 5'-triphosphate group (PPP-RNA), thereby acting as a sensor of viral single-stranded RNAs. Single-stranded PPP-RNAs, which lack 2'-O-methylation of the 5' cap and bear a 5'-triphosphate group instead, are specific from viruses, providing a molecular signature to distinguish between self and non- self mRNAs by the host during viral infection. Directly binds PPP-RNA in a non-sequence-specific manner (PubMed:23334420). Also recognizes and selectively binds AT-rich dsDNA (PubMed:23774268). Additionally, as a mediator in innate immunity, regulates positively IKK-NFKB signaling by sinergizing the recruitment of IKK to MAP3K7 (PubMed:26334375). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23317505, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23334420, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23774268, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25092312, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26334375}.

Subunit: Monomer (PubMed:23317505, PubMed:23334420, PubMed:23774268). Interacts with MAP3K7 and the components of the IKK core complex CHUK, IKBKB and IKBKG; the interaction synergizes the recruitment of IKK to MAP3K7 and enhances IKK phosphorylation (PubMed:26334375). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23317505, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23334420, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23774268, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26334375}.

Subcellular location: Cell projection, ruffle membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23317505}. Note=Colocalized with DDX58/RIG-I at cell surface ruffles. Localizes to actin-rich protrusions from the apical cell surface.

Induction: By interferons (IFNs).

Domain: RNA recognition is mediated by a convoluted intramolecular fold of the TPR repeats (TPR eddy), which scaffolds unique additional helices that form an RNA binding cleft (PubMed:23317505 and PubMed:23334420). Undergoes a conformational change upon RNA-binding: unliganded exists in a more open conformation, facilitating RNA entry (PubMed:23334420). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23334420}.

Similarity: Belongs to the IFIT family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Interferon-induced RNA-binding protein involved in the human innate immune response. Has a broad and adaptable RNA structure recognition important for RNA recognition specificity in antiviral defense. Binds precursor and processed tRNAs as well as poly-U-tailed tRNA fragments (PubMed:25092312, PubMed:23317505, PubMed:23774268). Specifically binds single-stranded RNA bearing a 5'-triphosphate group (PPP-RNA), thereby acting as a sensor of viral single-stranded RNAs. Single-stranded PPP-RNAs, which lack 2'-O-methylation of the 5' cap and bear a 5'-triphosphate group instead, are specific from viruses, providing a molecular signature to distinguish between self and non- self mRNAs by the host during viral infection. Directly binds PPP-RNA in a non-sequence-specific manner (PubMed:23334420). Also recognizes and selectively binds AT-rich dsDNA (PubMed:23774268). Additionally, as a mediator in innate immunity, regulates positively IKK-NFKB signaling by sinergizing the recruitment of IKK to MAP3K7 (PubMed:26334375). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23317505, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23334420, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23774268, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:25092312, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26334375}.


Subunit:		Monomer (PubMed:23317505, PubMed:23334420, PubMed:23774268). Interacts with MAP3K7 and the components of the IKK core complex CHUK, IKBKB and IKBKG; the interaction synergizes the recruitment of IKK to MAP3K7 and enhances IKK phosphorylation (PubMed:26334375). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23317505, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23334420, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23774268, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26334375}.
Subcellular location:		Cell projection, ruffle membrane {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23317505}. Note=Colocalized with DDX58/RIG-I at cell surface ruffles. Localizes to actin-rich protrusions from the apical cell surface.
Induction:		By interferons (IFNs).
Domain:		RNA recognition is mediated by a convoluted intramolecular fold of the TPR repeats (TPR eddy), which scaffolds unique additional helices that form an RNA binding cleft (PubMed:23317505 and PubMed:23334420). Undergoes a conformational change upon RNA-binding: unliganded exists in a more open conformation, facilitating RNA entry (PubMed:23334420). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23334420}.
Similarity:		Belongs to the IFIT family. {ECO:0000305}.