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PDBsum entry 3wo9
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Immune system
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PDB id
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3wo9
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References listed in PDB file
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Key reference
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Title
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Crystal structure of the lamprey variable lymphocyte receptor c reveals an unusual feature in its n-Terminal capping module.
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Authors
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R.Kanda,
Y.Sutoh,
J.Kasamatsu,
K.Maenaka,
M.Kasahara,
T.Ose.
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Ref.
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Plos One, 2014,
9,
e85875.
[DOI no: ]
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PubMed id
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Abstract
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Jawless vertebrates represented by lampreys and hagfish use variable lymphocyte
receptors (VLRs) as antigen receptors to mount adaptive immune responses. VLRs
generate diversity that is comparable to immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors by
a gene conversion-like mechanism, which is mediated by cytosine deaminases.
Currently, three types of VLRs, VLRA, VLRB, and VLRC, have been identified in
lampreys. Crystal structures of VLRA and VLRB in complex with antigens have been
reported recently, but no structural information is available for VLRC. Here, we
present the first crystal structure of VLRC from the Japanese lamprey
(Lethenteron japonicum). Similar to VLRA and VLRB, VLRC forms a typical
horseshoe-like solenoid structure with a variable concave surface. Strikingly,
its N-terminal cap has a long loop with limited sequence variability that
protrudes toward the concave surface, which is the putative antigen-binding
surface. Furthermore, as predicted previously, its C-terminal cap lacks a highly
variable protruding loop that plays an important role in antigen recognition by
lamprey VLRA and VLRB. Recent work suggests that VLRC+ lymphocytes in jawless
vertebrates might be akin to γδ T cells in jawed vertebrates. Structural
features of lamprey VLRC described here suggest that it may recognize antigens
in a unique manner.
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