UniProt functional annotation for P0C0S5



	UniProt functional annotation for P0C0S5

UniProt code: P0C0S5.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post- translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin. May be required for chromosome segregation during cell division. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15878876}.

Subunit: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2AZ1 forms a heterodimer with H2B. H2AZ1 interacts with INCENP (By similarity). Interacts (via M6 cassette) with ANP32E; leading to removal of H2A.Z/H2AZ1 from the nucleosome. Heterodimer H2BC11 and H2AZ1 interacts with VPS72 (via N-terminal domain) (PubMed:26974126). Interacts with PWWP2A (PubMed:28645917). Interacts with FH (when phosphorylated by PRKDC) (PubMed:26237645). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P0C0S6, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11101893, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24463511, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26237645, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26974126, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28645917}.

Subcellular location: Nucleus. Chromosome.

Ptm: Monoubiquitination of Lys-122 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11835281}.

Ptm: Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8, Lys-12 and Lys-14 by KAT2A; KAT2A is recruited by the XPC complex in absence of DNA damage (PubMed:31527837). Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8 and Lys-12 during interphase; acetylation disappears at mitosis (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P0C0S6, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31527837}.

Ptm: Monomethylated on Lys-5 and Lys-8 by SETD6. SETD6 predominantly methylates Lys-8, lys-5 being a possible secondary site. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23324626}.

Ptm: Not phosphorylated. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P0C0S4}.

Ptm: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:31645732}.

Mass spectrometry: Mass=13413.4; Method=Electrospray; Note=Monoisotopic, not modified.; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:16457589};

Similarity: Belongs to the histone H2A family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post- translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin. May be required for chromosome segregation during cell division. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15878876}.


Subunit:		The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2AZ1 forms a heterodimer with H2B. H2AZ1 interacts with INCENP (By similarity). Interacts (via M6 cassette) with ANP32E; leading to removal of H2A.Z/H2AZ1 from the nucleosome. Heterodimer H2BC11 and H2AZ1 interacts with VPS72 (via N-terminal domain) (PubMed:26974126). Interacts with PWWP2A (PubMed:28645917). Interacts with FH (when phosphorylated by PRKDC) (PubMed:26237645). {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P0C0S6, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11101893, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24463511, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26237645, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26974126, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:28645917}.
Subcellular location:		Nucleus. Chromosome.
Ptm:		Monoubiquitination of Lys-122 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11835281}.
Ptm:		Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8, Lys-12 and Lys-14 by KAT2A; KAT2A is recruited by the XPC complex in absence of DNA damage (PubMed:31527837). Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8 and Lys-12 during interphase; acetylation disappears at mitosis (By similarity). {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P0C0S6, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:31527837}.
Ptm:		Monomethylated on Lys-5 and Lys-8 by SETD6. SETD6 predominantly methylates Lys-8, lys-5 being a possible secondary site. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:23324626}.
Ptm:		Not phosphorylated. {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P0C0S4}.
Ptm:		Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:31645732}.
Mass spectrometry:		Mass=13413.4; Method=Electrospray; Note=Monoisotopic, not modified.; Evidence={ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16457589};
Similarity:		Belongs to the histone H2A family. {ECO:0000305}.