UniProt functional annotation for P19492



	UniProt functional annotation for P19492

UniProt code: P19492.

Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Rat).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.

Function: Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Subunit: Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. Interacts with PRKCABP, GRIP1 and GRIP2. Found in a complex with GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA4, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG5, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with CACNG5. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10027300, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10414981, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18817736, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19003990, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19265014, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20199107, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21317871, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9069286}.

Subcellular location: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19265014}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19265014}. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19265014}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19265014}. Note=Interaction with CNIH2 and CNIH3 promotes cell surface expression.

Domain: The M4 transmembrane segment mediates tetramerization and is required for cell surface expression. {ECO:0000250}.

Ptm: Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-615 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-841 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Miscellaneous: The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA (quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate.

Similarity: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIA3 subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Rattus norvegicus (Rat).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.



Function:		Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.


Subunit:		Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. Interacts with PRKCABP, GRIP1 and GRIP2. Found in a complex with GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA4, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG5, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with CACNG5. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10027300, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10414981, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:18817736, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19003990, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19265014, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20199107, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21317871, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9069286}.
Subcellular location:		Cell membrane {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19265014}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19265014}. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19265014}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19265014}. Note=Interaction with CNIH2 and CNIH3 promotes cell surface expression.
Domain:		The M4 transmembrane segment mediates tetramerization and is required for cell surface expression. {ECO:0000250}.
Ptm:		Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-615 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-841 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
Miscellaneous:		The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA (quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate.
Similarity:		Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIA3 subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.