UniProt functional annotation for O60673



	UniProt functional annotation for O60673

UniProt code: O60673.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Catalytic subunit of the DNA polymerase zeta complex, an error-prone polymerase specialized in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS). Lacks an intrinsic 3'-5' exonuclease activity and thus has no proofreading function. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24449906}.

Catalytic activity: Reaction=a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:22508, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11130, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11131, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:61560, ChEBI:CHEBI:83828; EC=2.7.7.7;

Cofactor: Name=[4Fe-4S] cluster; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:49883; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14284}; Note=Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14284};

Biophysicochemical properties: Kinetic parameters: KM=5.71 uM for dATP (for Pol-zeta2); KM=1.17 uM for dATP (for Pol-zeta4); Note=kcat is 0.31 min(-1) for DNA synthesis by Pol-zeta4. kcat is 0.05 min(-1) for DNA synthesis by Pol-zeta2. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24449906};

Subunit: Heterodimer with MAD2L2. This dimer forms the minimal DNA polymerase zeta complex (Pol-zeta2), with REV3L bearing DNA polymerase catalytic activity, although its activity is very low in this context. Component of the tetrameric Pol-zeta complex (Pol-zeta4), which consists of REV3L, MAD2L2, POLD2 and POLD3; Pol-zeta4 is the fully active form of DNA polymerase zeta. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10660610, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20164194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24449906}.

Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000305}.

Tissue specificity: Ubiquitously expressed.

Domain: Its C-terminal part could serve as the catalytic domain during nucleotide polymerization, while its N-terminal part could provide sites for protein-protein interactions with other factors during translesion DNA synthesis.

Domain: The CysB motif binds 1 4Fe-4S cluster and is required for the formation of polymerase complexes. {ECO:0000250}.

Similarity: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Catalytic subunit of the DNA polymerase zeta complex, an error-prone polymerase specialized in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS). Lacks an intrinsic 3'-5' exonuclease activity and thus has no proofreading function. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24449906}.


Catalytic activity:		Reaction=a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:22508, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11130, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11131, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:61560, ChEBI:CHEBI:83828; EC=2.7.7.7;
Cofactor:		Name=[4Fe-4S] cluster; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:49883; Evidence={ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P14284}; Note=Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. {ECO:0000250\|UniProtKB:P14284};
Biophysicochemical properties:		Kinetic parameters: KM=5.71 uM for dATP (for Pol-zeta2); KM=1.17 uM for dATP (for Pol-zeta4); Note=kcat is 0.31 min(-1) for DNA synthesis by Pol-zeta4. kcat is 0.05 min(-1) for DNA synthesis by Pol-zeta2. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24449906};
Subunit:		Heterodimer with MAD2L2. This dimer forms the minimal DNA polymerase zeta complex (Pol-zeta2), with REV3L bearing DNA polymerase catalytic activity, although its activity is very low in this context. Component of the tetrameric Pol-zeta complex (Pol-zeta4), which consists of REV3L, MAD2L2, POLD2 and POLD3; Pol-zeta4 is the fully active form of DNA polymerase zeta. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10660610, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20164194, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:24449906}.
Subcellular location:		Nucleus {ECO:0000305}.
Tissue specificity:		Ubiquitously expressed.
Domain:		Its C-terminal part could serve as the catalytic domain during nucleotide polymerization, while its N-terminal part could provide sites for protein-protein interactions with other factors during translesion DNA synthesis.
Domain:		The CysB motif binds 1 4Fe-4S cluster and is required for the formation of polymerase complexes. {ECO:0000250}.
Similarity:		Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family. {ECO:0000305}.