UniProt functional annotation for P61830



	UniProt functional annotation for P61830

UniProt code: P61830.

Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces.

Function: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Component of the UAF (upstream activation factor) complex which interacts with the upstream element of the RNA polymerase I promoter and forms a stable preinitiation complex. Together with SPT15/TBP, UAF seems to stimulate basal transcription to a fully activated level.

Subunit: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Histone H3 is a component of the UAF (upstream activation factor) complex, which consists of UAF30, RRN5, RRN9, RRN10, and histones H3 and H4. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9391047}.

Subcellular location: Nucleus. Chromosome.

Ptm: Phosphorylated by IPL1 to form H3S10ph in a cell cycle-dependent manner during mitosis and meiosis. H3S10ph is also formed by SNF1, promotes subsequent H3K14ac formation by GCN5, and is required for transcriptional activation through TBP recruitment to the promoters. Dephosphorylation is performed by GLC7. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10911986, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10975519, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15719021}.

Ptm: Mono-, di- and trimethylated by the COMPASS complex to form H3K4me1/2/3. H3K4me activates gene expression by regulating transcription elongation and plays a role in telomere length maintenance. H3K4me enrichment correlates with transcription levels, and occurs in a 5' to 3' gradient with H3K4me3 enrichment at the 5'-end of genes, shifting to H3K4me2 and then H3K4me1. Methylated by SET2 to form H3K36me. H3K36me represses gene expression. Methylated by DOT1 to form H3K79me. H3K79me is required for association of SIR proteins with telomeric regions and for telomeric silencing. The COMPASS-mediated formation of H3K4me2/3 and the DOT1-mediated formation of H3K79me require H2BK123ub1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11742990, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11751634, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11752412, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11839797, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12080090, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12097318, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12152067, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12353038, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12574507, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12629047, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12773564, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12845608, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12917322, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15632126, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15798214, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15949446, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16122352, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16168379, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16185711, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17194708}.

Ptm: Acetylation of histone H3 leads to transcriptional activation. H3K14ac formation by GCN5, a component of the SAGA complex, is promoted by H3S10ph. Further acetylated by GCN5 to form H3K9ac, H3K18ac, H3K23ac, H3K27ac and H3K36ac. H3K14ac can also be formed by ESA1, a component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex. H3K56ac formation occurs predominantly in newly synthesized H3 molecules during G1, S and G2/M of the cell cycle and may be involved in DNA repair. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10082517, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10777603, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10911986, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11545749, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15719021, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15888442, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16015338, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16122352, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16260619, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17189264, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17194708, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17320445, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9606197}.

Ptm: Crotonylation (Kcr) marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27089029}.

Miscellaneous: Present with 213000 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14562106}.

Similarity: Belongs to the histone H3 family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces.



Function:		Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Component of the UAF (upstream activation factor) complex which interacts with the upstream element of the RNA polymerase I promoter and forms a stable preinitiation complex. Together with SPT15/TBP, UAF seems to stimulate basal transcription to a fully activated level.


Subunit:		The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Histone H3 is a component of the UAF (upstream activation factor) complex, which consists of UAF30, RRN5, RRN9, RRN10, and histones H3 and H4. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9391047}.
Subcellular location:		Nucleus. Chromosome.
Ptm:		Phosphorylated by IPL1 to form H3S10ph in a cell cycle-dependent manner during mitosis and meiosis. H3S10ph is also formed by SNF1, promotes subsequent H3K14ac formation by GCN5, and is required for transcriptional activation through TBP recruitment to the promoters. Dephosphorylation is performed by GLC7. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10911986, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10975519, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15719021}.
Ptm:		Mono-, di- and trimethylated by the COMPASS complex to form H3K4me1/2/3. H3K4me activates gene expression by regulating transcription elongation and plays a role in telomere length maintenance. H3K4me enrichment correlates with transcription levels, and occurs in a 5' to 3' gradient with H3K4me3 enrichment at the 5'-end of genes, shifting to H3K4me2 and then H3K4me1. Methylated by SET2 to form H3K36me. H3K36me represses gene expression. Methylated by DOT1 to form H3K79me. H3K79me is required for association of SIR proteins with telomeric regions and for telomeric silencing. The COMPASS-mediated formation of H3K4me2/3 and the DOT1-mediated formation of H3K79me require H2BK123ub1. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11742990, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11751634, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11752412, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11839797, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12080090, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12097318, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12152067, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12353038, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12574507, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12629047, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12773564, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12845608, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12917322, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15632126, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15798214, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15949446, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16122352, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16168379, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16185711, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17194708}.
Ptm:		Acetylation of histone H3 leads to transcriptional activation. H3K14ac formation by GCN5, a component of the SAGA complex, is promoted by H3S10ph. Further acetylated by GCN5 to form H3K9ac, H3K18ac, H3K23ac, H3K27ac and H3K36ac. H3K14ac can also be formed by ESA1, a component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex. H3K56ac formation occurs predominantly in newly synthesized H3 molecules during G1, S and G2/M of the cell cycle and may be involved in DNA repair. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10082517, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10777603, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10911986, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11545749, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15719021, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15888442, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16015338, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16122352, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16260619, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17189264, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17194708, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17320445, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9606197}.
Ptm:		Crotonylation (Kcr) marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:27089029}.
Miscellaneous:		Present with 213000 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:14562106}.
Similarity:		Belongs to the histone H3 family. {ECO:0000305}.