UniProt functional annotation for Q9VEZ3



	UniProt functional annotation for Q9VEZ3

UniProt code: Q9VEZ3.

Organism: Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.

Function: Binds to the plus end of microtubules and regulates microtubule dynamics and microtubule organization. Promotes cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation and elongation. May act as a microtubule antipause factor that rapidly catalyzes the transition from pause to either growth or shrinkage. Involved in mitotic spindle elongation. Involved in the establishment of cell polarity and mitotic spindle orientation in neuroblasts. Required for maintaining the bipolarity of acentrosomal meiotic spindles; the function is dependent on tacc and involves ncd. Involved in oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton organization and bicoid mRNA localization. Seems to be involved in elongation of kinetochore-derived microtubule fibers. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10477755, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11433295, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15530399, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15775959, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16303556, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17889670, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26953351, ECO:0000305|PubMed:21965297}.

Subunit: Interacts with tacc, dgt6. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11433295, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19836241}.

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10477755, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26953351}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10477755, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11433295}. Note=Localizes to the plus ends of growing microtubules in the cell interior in a Eb1-dependent manner. Localizes to the lattice of growing and shrinking microtubule in a discontinuous pattern in the peripheral regions of interphase cells. Localized at acentrosomal poles of female meiotic spindle. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11433295, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21965297}.

Domain: The TOG (tumor overexpressed gene) domains are arranged in a N- terminal pentameric array with each domain composed of six (for the most part non-canonical) HEAT repeats forming a oblong paddle-like structure. Intra-HEAT loops are positioned along a face of the TOG domain and bind to a single alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimer. The TOG domains in the array seem to be structurally and functionally polarized. Differential functions may range from microtubule (MT) lattice binding and/or free tubulin heterodimer binding to potentiating stable incorporation of tubulin into the MT lattice. TOG 1-2 show strong and TOG 3-4 weak tubulin binding; TOG 1-5 are required for full ability to promote MT polymerization. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:21965297, ECO:0000305|PubMed:24966168, ECO:0000305|PubMed:25720490}.

Similarity: Belongs to the TOG/XMAP215 family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.



Function:		Binds to the plus end of microtubules and regulates microtubule dynamics and microtubule organization. Promotes cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation and elongation. May act as a microtubule antipause factor that rapidly catalyzes the transition from pause to either growth or shrinkage. Involved in mitotic spindle elongation. Involved in the establishment of cell polarity and mitotic spindle orientation in neuroblasts. Required for maintaining the bipolarity of acentrosomal meiotic spindles; the function is dependent on tacc and involves ncd. Involved in oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton organization and bicoid mRNA localization. Seems to be involved in elongation of kinetochore-derived microtubule fibers. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10477755, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11433295, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15530399, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15775959, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16303556, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:17889670, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26953351, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:21965297}.


Subunit:		Interacts with tacc, dgt6. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11433295, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19836241}.
Subcellular location:		Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10477755, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:26953351}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10477755, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11433295}. Note=Localizes to the plus ends of growing microtubules in the cell interior in a Eb1-dependent manner. Localizes to the lattice of growing and shrinking microtubule in a discontinuous pattern in the peripheral regions of interphase cells. Localized at acentrosomal poles of female meiotic spindle. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11433295, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21965297}.
Domain:		The TOG (tumor overexpressed gene) domains are arranged in a N- terminal pentameric array with each domain composed of six (for the most part non-canonical) HEAT repeats forming a oblong paddle-like structure. Intra-HEAT loops are positioned along a face of the TOG domain and bind to a single alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimer. The TOG domains in the array seem to be structurally and functionally polarized. Differential functions may range from microtubule (MT) lattice binding and/or free tubulin heterodimer binding to potentiating stable incorporation of tubulin into the MT lattice. TOG 1-2 show strong and TOG 3-4 weak tubulin binding; TOG 1-5 are required for full ability to promote MT polymerization. {ECO:0000305\|PubMed:21965297, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:24966168, ECO:0000305\|PubMed:25720490}.
Similarity:		Belongs to the TOG/XMAP215 family. {ECO:0000305}.