PDBsum entry 2mp5

Toxin

PDB id: 2mp5

Contents

Protein chain

83 a.a.

PDB id:

2mp5

Name:

Toxin

Title:

Structure of bitistatin b

Structure:

Disintegrin bitistatin. Chain: 1. Synonym: arietin, bitan, disintegrin isoform d-1, platelet aggregation activation inhibitor, venom protein cm-2

Source:

Bitis arietans. African puff adder. Organism_taxid: 8692

NMR struc:

43 models

Authors:

R.J.Carbajo,J.Calvete,L.Sanz,A.Perez

Key ref:

R.J.Carbajo et al. (2015). NMR structure of bitistatin – a missing piece in the evolutionary pathway of snake venom disintegrins. Febs J, 282, 341-360. PubMed id: 25363287 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13138

Date:

11-May-14 Release date: 12-Nov-14

Protein chain

P17497  (VM2_BITAR) -  Disintegrin bitistatin from Bitis arietans

Seq: 83 a.a.

Struc: 83 a.a.

DOI no: 10.1111/febs.13138

Febs J 282:341-360 (2015)

PubMed id: 25363287

NMR structure of bitistatin – a missing piece in the evolutionary pathway of snake venom disintegrins.

R.J.Carbajo, L.Sanz, A.Perez, J.J.Calvete.

ABSTRACT

Extant disintegrins, as found in the venoms of Viperidae and Crotalidae snakes (vipers and rattlesnakes, represent a family of polypeptides that block the function of β1 and β3 integrin receptors, both potently and with a high degree of selectivity. This toxin family owes its origin to the neofunctionalization of the extracellular region of an ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) molecule recruited into the snake venom gland proteome in the Jurassic. The evolutionary structural diversification of the disintegrin scaffold, from the ancestral long disintegrins to the more recently evolved medium-sized, dimeric and short disintegrins, involved the stepwise loss of pairs of class-specific disulfide linkages and the processing of the N-terminal region. NMR and crystal structures of medium-sized, dimeric and short disintegrins have been solved. However, the structure of a long disintegrin remained unknown. The present study reports the NMR solution structures of two disulfide bond conformers of the long disintegrin bitistatin from the African puff adder Bitis arietans. The findings provide insight into how a structural domain of the extracellular region of an ADAM molecule, recruited into and selectively expressed in the snake venom gland proteome as a PIII metalloprotease in the Jurassic, has subsequently been tranformed into a family of integrin receptor antagonists.