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PDBsum entry 2iep
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Signaling protein,transferase
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PDB id
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2iep
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Contents |
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* Residue conservation analysis
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Enzyme class:
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E.C.2.7.10.1
- receptor protein-tyrosine kinase.
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Reaction:
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L-tyrosyl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-tyrosyl-[protein] + ADP + H+
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L-tyrosyl-[protein]
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+
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ATP
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=
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O-phospho-L-tyrosyl-[protein]
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+
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ADP
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+
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H(+)
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Molecule diagrams generated from .mol files obtained from the
KEGG ftp site
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DOI no:
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J Mol Biol
364:424-433
(2006)
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PubMed id:
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Crystal structure of the agrin-responsive immunoglobulin-like domains 1 and 2 of the receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK.
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A.L.Stiegler,
S.J.Burden,
S.R.Hubbard.
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ABSTRACT
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Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed
exclusively in skeletal muscle, where it is required for formation of the
neuromuscular junction. MuSK is activated by agrin, a neuron-derived heparan
sulfate proteoglycan. Here, we report the crystal structure of the
agrin-responsive first and second immunoglobulin-like domains (Ig1 and Ig2) of
the MuSK ectodomain at 2.2 A resolution. The structure reveals that MuSK Ig1 and
Ig2 are Ig-like domains of the I-set subfamily, which are configured in a
linear, semi-rigid arrangement. In addition to the canonical internal disulfide
bridge, Ig1 contains a second, solvent-exposed disulfide bridge, which our
biochemical data indicate is critical for proper folding of Ig1 and processing
of MuSK. Two Ig1-2 molecules form a non-crystallographic dimer that is mediated
by a unique hydrophobic patch on the surface of Ig1. Biochemical analyses of
MuSK mutants introduced into MuSK(-/-) myotubes demonstrate that residues in
this hydrophobic patch are critical for agrin-induced MuSK activation.
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Selected figure(s)
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Figure 2.
Figure 2. MuSK Ig1-2 dimer. (a) Ribbon diagram of the MuSK
Ig1-2 non-crystallographic dimer. The two protomers are colored
green and purple (Ig1 in light shades and Ig2 in dark shades).
The non-crystallographic 2-fold axis is vertical. (b) Ig1–Ig1
dimer interface. The stereo view is approximately 50° about
the vertical (2-fold) axis from that in (a). Side-chain atoms in
the dimer interface are shown in ball-and-stick representation,
and hydrophobic contacts are shown with semi-transparent van der
Waals surfaces. Carbon atoms, either green or purple; oxygen
atoms, red; and sulfur atoms, yellow. Side-chains that are not
labeled are related by the vertical 2-fold axis to those that
are labeled. (c) Molecular surface representation of Ig1-2
colored according to electrostatic potential: blue, positive (+
15kT); white, neutral; red, negative (− 15kT). Residues
located in the Ig1 dimer interface (left) and in the vicinity of
the surface-exposed disulfide bridge (Cys98/Cys112) (right), on
the opposite side of Ig1, are labeled. The two views are related
by 180° about a vertical axis. (a) and (b) were rendered
with PyMOL [http://pymol.sourceforge.net] and (c) with GRASP.^45
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Figure 4.
Figure 4. Mutations in MuSK Ig1 affect agrin-induced
receptor activation. (a) Ile96 and (b) Met48 and Leu83 are
required for agrin-induced activation. MuSK^−/− myotubes
stably expressing MuSK-GFP (wild-type or mutant) were stimulated
with 0.1 nM or 0.5 nM neural agrin for 30 min followed by MuSK
immunoprecipitation (IP) with the C-terminal anti-MuSK antibody.
IP samples were resolved by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted (IB) with
an anti-phosphotyrosine antibody (anti-pTyr) to assess MuSK
activation. Blotting a duplicate membrane with anti-GFP antibody
shows the relative level of MuSK-GFP in each sample.
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The above figures are
reprinted
by permission from Elsevier:
J Mol Biol
(2006,
364,
424-433)
copyright 2006.
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Figures were
selected
by an automated process.
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
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PubMed id
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Reference
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Y.Yang,
P.Xie,
Y.Opatowsky,
and
J.Schlessinger
(2010).
Direct contacts between extracellular membrane-proximal domains are required for VEGF receptor activation and cell signaling.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,
107,
1906-1911.
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PDB code:
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A.L.Stiegler,
S.J.Burden,
and
S.R.Hubbard
(2009).
Crystal structure of the frizzled-like cysteine-rich domain of the receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK.
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J Mol Biol,
393,
1-9.
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PDB code:
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T.Zeev-Ben-Mordehai,
E.Mylonas,
A.Paz,
Y.Peleg,
L.Toker,
I.Silman,
D.I.Svergun,
and
J.L.Sussman
(2009).
The quaternary structure of amalgam, a Drosophila neuronal adhesion protein, explains its dual adhesion properties.
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Biophys J,
97,
2316-2326.
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D.Kaden,
L.M.Munter,
M.Joshi,
C.Treiber,
C.Weise,
T.Bethge,
P.Voigt,
M.Schaefer,
M.Beyermann,
B.Reif,
and
G.Multhaup
(2008).
Homophilic interactions of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) ectodomain are regulated by the loop region and affect beta-secretase cleavage of APP.
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J Biol Chem,
283,
7271-7279.
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N.Fukuhara,
J.A.Howitt,
S.A.Hussain,
and
E.Hohenester
(2008).
Structural and functional analysis of slit and heparin binding to immunoglobulin-like domains 1 and 2 of Drosophila Robo.
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J Biol Chem,
283,
16226-16234.
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PDB codes:
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N.Kim,
A.L.Stiegler,
T.O.Cameron,
P.T.Hallock,
A.M.Gomez,
J.H.Huang,
S.R.Hubbard,
M.L.Dustin,
and
S.J.Burden
(2008).
Lrp4 is a receptor for Agrin and forms a complex with MuSK.
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Cell,
135,
334-342.
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C.O.Sallum,
R.A.Kammerer,
and
A.T.Alexandrescu
(2007).
Thermodynamic and structural studies of carbohydrate binding by the agrin-G3 domain.
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Biochemistry,
46,
9541-9550.
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S.R.Hubbard,
and
W.T.Miller
(2007).
Receptor tyrosine kinases: mechanisms of activation and signaling.
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Curr Opin Cell Biol,
19,
117-123.
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The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be
only a partial list as not all journals are covered by
either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data
so more and more references will be included with time.
Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB
code is
shown on the right.
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}
}
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