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* Residue conservation analysis
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Enzyme class:
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Chains A, B:
E.C.2.7.11.13
- protein kinase C.
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Reaction:
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1.
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L-seryl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein] + ADP + H+
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2.
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L-threonyl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein] + ADP + H+
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L-seryl-[protein]
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+
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ATP
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=
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O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein]
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+
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ADP
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+
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H(+)
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L-threonyl-[protein]
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+
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ATP
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=
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O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein]
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+
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ADP
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+
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H(+)
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Molecule diagrams generated from .mol files obtained from the
KEGG ftp site
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DOI no:
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Biochemistry
45:13970-13981
(2006)
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PubMed id:
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Structure of the catalytic domain of human protein kinase C beta II complexed with a bisindolylmaleimide inhibitor.
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N.Grodsky,
Y.Li,
D.Bouzida,
R.Love,
J.Jensen,
B.Nodes,
J.Nonomiya,
S.Grant.
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ABSTRACT
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The conventional protein kinase C isoform, PKCII, is a signaling kinase
activated during the hyperglycemic state and has been associated with the
development of microvascular abnormalities associated with diabetes. PKCII,
therefore, has been identified as a therapeutic target where inhibitors of its
kinase activity are being pursued for treatment of microvascular-related
diabetic complications. In this report, we describe the crystal structure of the
catalytic domain of PKCbetaII complexed with an inhibitor at 2.6 A resolution.
The kinase domain of PKCbetaII was cleaved and purified from full-length
PKCbetaII expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells. The overall kinase
domain structure follows the classical bilobal fold and is in its fully
activated conformation with three well-defined phosphorylated residues: Thr-500,
Thr-641, and Ser-660. Different from the crystal structures of nonconventional
PKC isoforms, the C-terminus of the PKCbetaII catalytic domain is almost fully
ordered and features a novel alpha helix in the turn motif. An ATP-competitive
inhibitor, 2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl-BIM-1, was crystallized with the PKCbetaII
catalytic domain as a dimer of two enzyme-inhibitor complexes. The bound
inhibitor adopts a nonplanar conformation in the ATP-binding site, with the
kinase domain taking on an intermediate, open conformation. This
PKCbetaII-inhibitor complex represents the first structural description of any
conventional PKC kinase domain. Given the pathogenic role of PKCbetaII in the
development of diabetic complications, this structure can serve as a template
for the rational design of inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents.
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
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PubMed id
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Reference
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N.Jura,
X.Zhang,
N.F.Endres,
M.A.Seeliger,
T.Schindler,
and
J.Kuriyan
(2011).
Catalytic control in the EGF receptor and its connection to general kinase regulatory mechanisms.
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Mol Cell,
42,
9.
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T.A.Leonard,
B.Różycki,
L.F.Saidi,
G.Hummer,
and
J.H.Hurley
(2011).
Crystal structure and allosteric activation of protein kinase C βII.
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Cell,
144,
55-66.
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PDB code:
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A.C.Newton
(2010).
Protein kinase C: poised to signal.
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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab,
298,
E395-E402.
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C.Rosse,
M.Linch,
S.Kermorgant,
A.J.Cameron,
K.Boeckeler,
and
P.J.Parker
(2010).
PKC and the control of localized signal dynamics.
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Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,
11,
103-112.
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J.van Ameijde,
A.J.Poot,
L.T.van Wandelen,
A.E.Wammes,
R.Ruijtenbeek,
D.T.Rijkers,
and
R.M.Liskamp
(2010).
Preparation of novel alkylated arginine derivatives suitable for click-cycloaddition chemistry and their incorporation into pseudosubstrate- and bisubstrate-based kinase inhibitors.
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Org Biomol Chem,
8,
1629-1639.
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L.R.Pearce,
D.Komander,
and
D.R.Alessi
(2010).
The nuts and bolts of AGC protein kinases.
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Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,
11,
9.
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N.Hoshi,
L.K.Langeberg,
C.M.Gould,
A.C.Newton,
and
J.D.Scott
(2010).
Interaction with AKAP79 modifies the cellular pharmacology of PKC.
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Mol Cell,
37,
541-550.
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T.Takimura,
K.Kamata,
K.Fukasawa,
H.Ohsawa,
H.Komatani,
T.Yoshizumi,
I.Takahashi,
H.Kotani,
and
Y.Iwasawa
(2010).
Structures of the PKC-iota kinase domain in its ATP-bound and apo forms reveal defined structures of residues 533-551 in the C-terminal tail and their roles in ATP binding.
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Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr,
66,
577-583.
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PDB codes:
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A.J.Cameron,
C.Escribano,
A.T.Saurin,
B.Kostelecky,
and
P.J.Parker
(2009).
PKC maturation is promoted by nucleotide pocket occupation independently of intrinsic kinase activity.
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Nat Struct Mol Biol,
16,
624-630.
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A.J.Poot,
J.van Ameijde,
M.Slijper,
A.van den Berg,
R.Hilhorst,
R.Ruijtenbeek,
D.T.Rijkers,
and
R.M.Liskamp
(2009).
Development of selective bisubstrate-based inhibitors against protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes by using dynamic peptide microarrays.
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Chembiochem,
10,
2042-2051.
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C.M.Gould,
N.Kannan,
S.S.Taylor,
and
A.C.Newton
(2009).
The Chaperones Hsp90 and Cdc37 Mediate the Maturation and Stabilization of Protein Kinase C through a Conserved PXXP Motif in the C-terminal Tail.
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J Biol Chem,
284,
4921-4935.
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S.F.Steinberg
(2008).
Structural basis of protein kinase C isoform function.
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Physiol Rev,
88,
1341-1378.
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V.Facchinetti,
W.Ouyang,
H.Wei,
N.Soto,
A.Lazorchak,
C.Gould,
C.Lowry,
A.C.Newton,
Y.Mao,
R.Q.Miao,
W.C.Sessa,
J.Qin,
P.Zhang,
B.Su,
and
E.Jacinto
(2008).
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 controls folding and stability of Akt and protein kinase C.
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EMBO J,
27,
1932-1943.
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H.Stensman,
and
C.Larsson
(2007).
Identification of acidic amino acid residues in the protein kinase C alpha V5 domain that contribute to its insensitivity to diacylglycerol.
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J Biol Chem,
282,
28627-28638.
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The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be
only a partial list as not all journals are covered by
either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data
so more and more references will be included with time.
Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB
code is
shown on the right.
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}
}
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