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UniProt functional annotation for P80457 | ||
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| UniProt code: P80457. |
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| Organism: | |
Bos taurus (Bovine). |
| Taxonomy: | |
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos. |
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| Function: | |
Key enzyme in purine degradation. Catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine. Catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. Contributes to the generation of reactive oxygen species. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22985}. |
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| Catalytic activity: | |
Reaction=H2O + NAD(+) + xanthine = H(+) + NADH + urate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16669, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17712, ChEBI:CHEBI:17775, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; EC=1.17.1.4; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11005854, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4352904}; |
| Catalytic activity: | |
Reaction=H2O + hypoxanthine + NAD(+) = H(+) + NADH + xanthine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:24670, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17368, ChEBI:CHEBI:17712, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; EC=1.17.1.4; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11005854, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4352904}; |
| Catalytic activity: | |
Reaction=H2O + O2 + xanthine = H2O2 + urate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:21132, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:16240, ChEBI:CHEBI:17712, ChEBI:CHEBI:17775; EC=1.17.3.2; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11005854, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4352904}; |
| Cofactor: | |
Name=[2Fe-2S] cluster; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:49601; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19109252}; Note=Binds 2 [2Fe-2S] clusters. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19109252}; |
| Cofactor: | |
Name=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19109252}; |
| Cofactor: | |
Name=Mo-molybdopterin; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:71302; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19109252}; Note=Binds 1 Mo-molybdopterin (Mo-MPT) cofactor per subunit. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19109252}; |
| Activity regulation: | |
Can be converted from the dehydrogenase form (D) to the oxidase form (O) irreversibly by proteolysis or reversibly through the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11005854, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12817083, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4352904}. |
| Biophysicochemical properties: | |
Kinetic parameters: KM=111 uM for molecular oxygen in dehydrogenase form {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12817083, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4352904}; KM=37.7 uM for molecular oxygen in oxygenase form {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12817083, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4352904}; KM=20.8 uM for NAD {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12817083, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4352904}; KM=5 uM for xanthine {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12817083, ECO:0000269|PubMed:4352904}; |
| Subunit: | |
Homodimer. Interacts with BTN1A1 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. |
| Subcellular location: | |
Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Peroxisome. Secreted. |
| Tissue specificity: | |
Detected in milk (at protein level). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11005854, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15148401}. |
| Ptm: | |
Subject to partial proteolysis; this alters the enzyme from the dehydrogenase form (D) to the oxidase form (O). |
| Ptm: | |
Contains sulfhydryl groups that are easily oxidized (in vitro); this alters the enzyme from the dehydrogenase form (D) to the oxidase form (O). |
| Similarity: | |
Belongs to the xanthine dehydrogenase family. {ECO:0000305}. |
Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.