UniProt functional annotation for O43612



	UniProt functional annotation for O43612

UniProt code: O43612.

Organism: Homo sapiens (Human).

Taxonomy: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.

Function: Neuropeptides that play a significant role in the regulation of food intake and sleep-wakefulness, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physiologic responses of these complementary homeostatic functions. A broader role in the homeostatic regulation of energy metabolism, autonomic function, hormonal balance and the regulation of body fluids, is also suggested. Orexin-A binds to both OX1R and OX2R with a high affinity, whereas orexin-B binds only to OX2R with a similar high affinity.

Subcellular location: Rough endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle {ECO:0000250}. Cell junction, synapse {ECO:0000250}. Note=Associated with perikaryal rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as cytoplasmic large granular vesicles at synapses. {ECO:0000250}.

Tissue specificity: Abundantly expressed in subthalamic nucleus but undetectable in other brain regions tested (hypothalamus was not tested) and in heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas.

Ptm: Specific enzymatic cleavages at paired basic residues yield the different active peptides.

Disease: Narcolepsy 1 (NRCLP1) [MIM:161400]: Neurological disabling sleep disorder, characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep fragmentation, symptoms of abnormal rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Cataplexy is a sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by emotions, which is the most valuable clinical feature used to diagnose narcolepsy. Human narcolepsy is primarily a sporadically occurring disorder but familial clustering has been observed. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10973318}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Human narcolepsy is associated with a deficient orexin system. Orexins are absent and/or greatly diminished in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of most narcoleptic patients.

Similarity: Belongs to the orexin family. {ECO:0000305}.

Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.


Organism:		Homo sapiens (Human).
Taxonomy:		Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.



Function:		Neuropeptides that play a significant role in the regulation of food intake and sleep-wakefulness, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physiologic responses of these complementary homeostatic functions. A broader role in the homeostatic regulation of energy metabolism, autonomic function, hormonal balance and the regulation of body fluids, is also suggested. Orexin-A binds to both OX1R and OX2R with a high affinity, whereas orexin-B binds only to OX2R with a similar high affinity.


Subcellular location:		Rough endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle {ECO:0000250}. Cell junction, synapse {ECO:0000250}. Note=Associated with perikaryal rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as cytoplasmic large granular vesicles at synapses. {ECO:0000250}.
Tissue specificity:		Abundantly expressed in subthalamic nucleus but undetectable in other brain regions tested (hypothalamus was not tested) and in heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas.
Ptm:		Specific enzymatic cleavages at paired basic residues yield the different active peptides.
Disease:		Narcolepsy 1 (NRCLP1) [MIM:161400]: Neurological disabling sleep disorder, characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep fragmentation, symptoms of abnormal rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Cataplexy is a sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by emotions, which is the most valuable clinical feature used to diagnose narcolepsy. Human narcolepsy is primarily a sporadically occurring disorder but familial clustering has been observed. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10973318}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Human narcolepsy is associated with a deficient orexin system. Orexins are absent and/or greatly diminished in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of most narcoleptic patients.
Similarity:		Belongs to the orexin family. {ECO:0000305}.