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UniProt functional annotation for Q9NP99 | ||
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| UniProt code: Q9NP99. |
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| Organism: | |
Homo sapiens (Human). |
| Taxonomy: | |
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo. |
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| Function: | |
[Isoform 1]: Cell surface receptor that plays important roles in innate and adaptive immunity by amplifying inflammatory responses (PubMed:10799849, PubMed:21393102). Upon activation by various ligands such as PGLYRP1, HMGB1 or HSP70, multimerizes and forms a complex with transmembrane adapter TYROBP/DAP12 (PubMed:25595774, PubMed:17568691, PubMed:29568119). In turn, initiates a SYK-mediated cascade of tyrosine phosphorylation, activating multiple downstream mediators such as BTK, MAPK1, MAPK3 or phospholipase C-gamma (PubMed:21659545, PubMed:14656437). This cascade promotes the neutrophil- and macrophage- mediated release of proinflammatory cytokines and/or chemokines, as well as their migration and thereby amplifies inflammatory responses that are triggered by bacterial and fungal infections (PubMed:17568691, PubMed:17098818). By also promoting the amplification of inflammatory signals that are initially triggered by Toll-like receptor (TLR) and NOD-like receptor engagement, plays a major role in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of different etiologies including septic shock and atherosclerosis (PubMed:21393102, PubMed:11323674). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10799849, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11323674, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14656437, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17098818, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17568691, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21393102, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21659545, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25595774, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29568119}. |
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| Function: | |
[Isoform 2]: Acts as a decoy receptor, counterbalancing TREM1 proinflammatory activity through the neutralization of its lignad. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26561551}. |
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| Subunit: | |
Monomer (PubMed:29568119). Homomultimer; when activated (PubMed:29568119). Interacts with TYROBP/DAP12 (PubMed:10799849, PubMed:15351648). Interacts with TLR4 (PubMed:17098818, PubMed:21393102). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10799849, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15351648, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17098818, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21393102, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29568119}. |
| Subcellular location: | |
[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17098818, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21393102}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000305}. Note=Recruited to lipid rafts when activated. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17098818}. |
| Subcellular location: | |
[Isoform 2]: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26561551}. |
| Tissue specificity: | |
Mostly expressed by immune cells of the myeloid lineage, such as monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells (PubMed:10799849). Expression is associated with a mature stage of myeloid development (PubMed:11922939). Highly expressed in adult liver, lung and spleen than in corresponding fetal tissue. Also expressed in the lymph node, placenta, spinal cord and heart tissues. Isoform 2 was detected in the lung, liver and mature monocytes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10799849, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11922939, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21393102}. |
| Induction: | |
Up-regulated by bacteria, fungi and bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10799849}. |
| Ptm: | |
Glycosylated. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10799849}. |
Annotations taken from UniProtKB at the EBI.