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Contents |
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444 a.a.
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221 a.a.
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211 a.a.
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* Residue conservation analysis
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PDB id:
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| Name: |
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Membrane protein
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Title:
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Structure of the escherichia coli clc chloride channel and fab complex
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Structure:
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Voltage-gated clc-type chloride channel eric. Chain: a, b. Engineered: yes. Fab fragment (heavy chain). Chain: c, e. Fab fragment (light chain). Chain: d, f
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Source:
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Escherichia coli. Organism_taxid: 562. Gene: eric or b0155. Expressed in: escherichia coli bl21(de3). Expression_system_taxid: 469008. Mus musculus. House mouse. Organism_taxid: 10090. Cell_line: hybridoma cell line.
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Biol. unit:
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Hexamer (from
)
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Resolution:
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2.51Å
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R-factor:
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0.264
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R-free:
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0.299
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Authors:
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R.Dutzler,E.B.Campbell,R.Mackinnon
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Key ref:
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R.Dutzler
et al.
(2003).
Gating the selectivity filter in ClC chloride channels.
Science,
300,
108-112.
PubMed id:
DOI:
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Date:
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22-Mar-03
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Release date:
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15-Apr-03
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PROCHECK
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Headers
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References
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P37019
(CLCA_ECOLI) -
H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter ClcA from Escherichia coli (strain K12)
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Seq:
Struc:
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473 a.a.
444 a.a.
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DOI no:
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Science
300:108-112
(2003)
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PubMed id:
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Gating the selectivity filter in ClC chloride channels.
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R.Dutzler,
E.B.Campbell,
R.MacKinnon.
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ABSTRACT
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ClC channels conduct chloride (Cl-) ions across cell membranes and thereby
govern the electrical activity of muscle cells and certain neurons, the
transport of fluid and electrolytes across epithelia, and the acidification of
intracellular vesicles. The structural basis of ClC channel gating was studied.
Crystal structures of wild-type and mutant Escherichia coli ClC channels bound
to a monoclonal Fab fragment reveal three Cl- binding sites within the
15-angstrom neck of an hourglass-shaped pore. The Cl- binding site nearest the
extracellular solution can be occupied either by a Cl- ion or by a glutamate
carboxyl group. Mutations of this glutamate residue in Torpedo ray ClC channels
alter gating in electrophysiological assays. These findings reveal a form of
gating in which the glutamate carboxyl group closes the pore by mimicking a Cl-
ion.
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Selected figure(s)
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Figure 2.
Fig. 2. Structure of the selectivity filter of the wild-type
EcClC Fab complex. (A) Stereo view of electron density in the
selectivity filter at 2.5 Å, contoured at 1  . The view
is from the dimer interface within the membrane. The cytoplasm
is on the bottom, the extracellular side on the top. The map was
calculated from native amplitudes and solvent-flattened two-fold
averaged phases. The refined protein model is shown as sticks.
An (F[Br] - F[Cl]) difference Fourier map at 2.8 Å,
contoured at 4 , is shown
in red. (B) Stereo view of the ion-binding sites. Selected
residues in the vicinity of the bound chloride ions are shown.
Hydrogen bonds between the protein and chloride ions (red
spheres) as well as between the side chain of Glu148 and the
rest of the protein are shown as black dashed lines.
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Figure 5.
Fig. 5. Schematic drawing of the closed and opened conformation
of a ClC chloride channel. In the closed conformation, the
ion-binding sites S[int] and S[cen] are occupied by chloride
ions, and the ion-binding site S[ext] is occupied by the side
chain of Glu148. In the opened conformation, the side chain of
Glu148 has moved out of binding site S[ext] into the
extracellular vestibule. S[ext] is occupied by a third chloride
ion. Chloride ions are shown as red spheres, the Glu148 side
chain is colored red, and hydrogen bonds are drawn as dashed
lines.
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The above figures are
reprinted
by permission from the AAAs:
Science
(2003,
300,
108-112)
copyright 2003.
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Figures were
selected
by an automated process.
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
|
|
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| |
PubMed id
|
|
Reference
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Picollo,
Y.Xu,
N.Johner,
S.Bernèche,
and
A.Accardi
(2012).
Synergistic substrate binding determines the stoichiometry of transport of a prokaryotic H(+)/Cl(-) exchanger.
|
| |
Nat Struct Mol Biol,
19,
525.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Tsujino,
M.Kaibara,
H.Hayashi,
H.Eguchi,
S.Nakayama,
K.Sato,
T.Fukuda,
Y.Tateishi,
S.Shirabe,
K.Taniyama,
and
A.Kawakami
(2011).
A CLCN1 mutation in dominant myotonia congenita impairs the increment of chloride conductance during repetitive depolarization.
|
| |
Neurosci Lett,
494,
155-160.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.H.Lee,
H.Yoon,
P.Kim,
S.Cho,
D.Kim,
and
W.D.Jang
(2011).
An indolocarbazole-bridged macrocyclic porphyrin dimer having homotropic allosterism with inhibitory control.
|
| |
Chem Commun (Camb),
47,
4246-4248.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E.Ohana,
N.Shcheynikov,
D.Yang,
I.So,
and
S.Muallem
(2011).
Determinants of coupled transport and uncoupled current by the electrogenic SLC26 transporters.
|
| |
J Gen Physiol,
137,
239-251.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.Illergård,
A.Kauko,
and
A.Elofsson
(2011).
Why are polar residues within the membrane core evolutionary conserved?
|
| |
Proteins,
79,
79-91.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.Leisle,
C.F.Ludwig,
F.A.Wagner,
T.J.Jentsch,
and
T.Stauber
(2011).
ClC-7 is a slowly voltage-gated 2Cl(-)/1H(+)-exchanger and requires Ostm1 for transport activity.
|
| |
EMBO J,
30,
2140-2152.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.Ashokkumar,
V.T.Ramakrishnan,
and
P.Ramamurthy
(2011).
Head-to-Tail Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding of OH and NH Groups with Fluoride.
|
| |
Chemphyschem,
12,
389-396.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.Grand,
S.L'Hoste,
D.Mordasini,
N.Defontaine,
M.Keck,
T.Pennaforte,
M.Genete,
K.Laghmani,
J.Teulon,
and
S.Lourdel
(2011).
Heterogeneity in the processing of CLCN5 mutants related to Dent disease.
|
| |
Hum Mutat,
32,
476-483.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.Sonoda,
S.Newstead,
N.J.Hu,
Y.Alguel,
E.Nji,
K.Beis,
S.Yashiro,
C.Lee,
J.Leung,
A.D.Cameron,
B.Byrne,
S.Iwata,
and
D.Drew
(2011).
Benchmarking membrane protein detergent stability for improving throughput of high-resolution X-ray structures.
|
| |
Structure,
19,
17-25.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.B.Waight,
J.Love,
and
D.N.Wang
(2010).
Structure and mechanism of a pentameric formate channel.
|
| |
Nat Struct Mol Biol,
17,
31-37.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Gradogna,
E.Babini,
A.Picollo,
and
M.Pusch
(2010).
A regulatory calcium-binding site at the subunit interface of CLC-K kidney chloride channels.
|
| |
J Gen Physiol,
136,
311-323.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.J.Smith,
and
J.D.Lippiat
(2010).
Voltage-dependent charge movement associated with activation of the CLC-5 2Cl-/1H+ exchanger.
|
| |
FASEB J,
24,
3696-3705.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Picollo,
M.Malvezzi,
and
A.Accardi
(2010).
Proton block of the CLC-5 Cl-/H+ exchanger.
|
| |
J Gen Physiol,
135,
653-659.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Novarino,
S.Weinert,
G.Rickheit,
and
T.J.Jentsch
(2010).
Endosomal chloride-proton exchange rather than chloride conductance is crucial for renal endocytosis.
|
| |
Science,
328,
1398-1401.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Zifarelli,
A.Liantonio,
A.Gradogna,
A.Picollo,
G.Gramegna,
M.De Bellis,
A.R.Murgia,
E.Babini,
D.C.Camerino,
and
M.Pusch
(2010).
Identification of sites responsible for the potentiating effect of niflumic acid on ClC-Ka kidney chloride channels.
|
| |
Br J Pharmacol,
160,
1652-1661.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Zifarelli,
and
M.Pusch
(2010).
The role of protons in fast and slow gating of the Torpedo chloride channel ClC-0.
|
| |
Eur Biophys J,
39,
869-875.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.A.Mindell
(2010).
Structural biology. The Tao of chloride transporter structure.
|
| |
Science,
330,
601-602.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.J.Matsuda,
M.S.Filali,
M.M.Collins,
K.A.Volk,
and
F.S.Lamb
(2010).
The ClC-3 Cl-/H+ antiporter becomes uncoupled at low extracellular pH.
|
| |
J Biol Chem,
285,
2569-2579.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.L.Robertson,
L.Kolmakova-Partensky,
and
C.Miller
(2010).
Design, function and structure of a monomeric ClC transporter.
|
| |
Nature,
468,
844-847.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.T.Davis,
O.Okunola,
and
R.Quesada
(2010).
Recent advances in the transmembrane transport of anions.
|
| |
Chem Soc Rev,
39,
3843-3862.
|
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|
|
|
|
|
K.McLuskey,
A.W.Roszak,
Y.Zhu,
and
N.W.Isaacs
(2010).
Crystal structures of all-alpha type membrane proteins.
|
| |
Eur Biophys J,
39,
723-755.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.Feng,
E.B.Campbell,
Y.Hsiung,
and
R.MacKinnon
(2010).
Structure of a eukaryotic CLC transporter defines an intermediate state in the transport cycle.
|
| |
Science,
330,
635-641.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.Song,
and
J.Santos-Sacchi
(2010).
Conformational state-dependent anion binding in prestin: evidence for allosteric modulation.
|
| |
Biophys J,
98,
371-376.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.Wellhauser,
C.D'Antonio,
and
C.E.Bear
(2010).
ClC transporters: discoveries and challenges in defining the mechanisms underlying function and regulation of ClC-5.
|
| |
Pflugers Arch,
460,
543-557.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Jossier,
L.Kroniewicz,
F.Dalmas,
D.Le Thiec,
G.Ephritikhine,
S.Thomine,
H.Barbier-Brygoo,
A.Vavasseur,
S.Filleur,
and
N.Leonhardt
(2010).
The Arabidopsis vacuolar anion transporter, AtCLCc, is involved in the regulation of stomatal movements and contributes to salt tolerance.
|
| |
Plant J,
64,
563-576.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.J.Naftalin
(2010).
Reassessment of models of facilitated transport and cotransport.
|
| |
J Membr Biol,
234,
75.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.D.Zhang,
W.P.Yu,
and
T.Y.Chen
(2010).
Accessibility of the CLC-0 pore to charged methanethiosulfonate reagents.
|
| |
Biophys J,
98,
377-385.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.H.Chen,
L.Hu,
M.Punta,
R.Bruni,
B.Hillerich,
B.Kloss,
B.Rost,
J.Love,
S.A.Siegelbaum,
and
W.A.Hendrickson
(2010).
Homologue structure of the SLAC1 anion channel for closing stomata in leaves.
|
| |
Nature,
467,
1074-1080.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z.S.Derewenda
(2010).
Application of protein engineering to enhance crystallizability and improve crystal properties.
|
| |
Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr,
66,
604-615.
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|
|
|
,
(2010).
Paul F. Cranefield award to Merritt C. Maduke.
|
| |
J Gen Physiol,
136,
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.Duran,
C.H.Thompson,
Q.Xiao,
and
H.C.Hartzell
(2010).
Chloride channels: often enigmatic, rarely predictable.
|
| |
Annu Rev Physiol,
72,
95.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.J.Smith,
A.A.Reed,
N.Y.Loh,
R.V.Thakker,
and
J.D.Lippiat
(2009).
Characterization of Dent's disease mutations of CLC-5 reveals a correlation between functional and cell biological consequences and protein structure.
|
| |
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol,
296,
F390-F397.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Picollo,
M.Malvezzi,
J.C.Houtman,
and
A.Accardi
(2009).
Basis of substrate binding and conservation of selectivity in the CLC family of channels and transporters.
|
| |
Nat Struct Mol Biol,
16,
1294-1301.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.H.Thompson,
P.R.Olivetti,
M.D.Fuller,
C.S.Freeman,
D.McMaster,
R.J.French,
J.Pohl,
J.Kubanek,
and
N.A.McCarty
(2009).
Isolation and characterization of a high affinity peptide inhibitor of ClC-2 chloride channels.
|
| |
J Biol Chem,
284,
26051-26062.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.Miller,
and
W.Nguitragool
(2009).
A provisional transport mechanism for a chloride channel-type Cl-/H+ exchanger.
|
| |
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci,
364,
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|
|
D.C.Gadsby
(2009).
Ion channels versus ion pumps: the principal difference, in principle.
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| |
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol,
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|
|
|
D.L.Bostick,
and
C.L.Brooks
(2009).
Statistical determinants of selective ionic complexation: ions in solvent, transport proteins, and other "hosts".
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| |
Biophys J,
96,
4470-4492.
|
|
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|
D.Wang,
and
G.A.Voth
(2009).
Proton transport pathway in the ClC Cl-/H+ antiporter.
|
| |
Biophys J,
97,
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E.Y.Bergsdorf,
A.A.Zdebik,
and
T.J.Jentsch
(2009).
Residues important for nitrate/proton coupling in plant and mammalian CLC transporters.
|
| |
J Biol Chem,
284,
11184-11193.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Zifarelli,
and
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(2009).
Conversion of the 2 Cl(-)/1 H+ antiporter ClC-5 in a NO3(-)/H+ antiporter by a single point mutation.
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| |
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|
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and
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(2009).
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|
| |
J Gen Physiol,
133,
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|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I.S.Moon,
H.S.Kim,
J.H.Shin,
Y.E.Park,
K.H.Park,
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Y.C.Choi,
and
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(2009).
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|
| |
J Korean Med Sci,
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| |
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|
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and
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(2009).
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|
| |
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|
J.Lísal,
and
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|
| |
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|
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S.Montoya,
P.S.Aronson,
J.Santos-Sacchi,
and
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(2009).
Prestin's anion transport and voltage-sensing capabilities are independent.
|
| |
Biophys J,
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|
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and
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(2009).
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| |
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|
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(2009).
Identification of regulatory phosphorylation sites in a cell volume- and Ste20 kinase-dependent ClC anion channel.
|
| |
J Gen Physiol,
133,
29-42.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.H.Cho,
and
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(2009).
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| |
J Biol Chem,
284,
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|
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(2009).
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|
| |
EMBO J,
28,
3090-3102.
|
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|
V.Plans,
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(2009).
Physiological roles of CLC Cl(-)/H (+) exchangers in renal proximal tubules.
|
| |
Pflugers Arch,
458,
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.D.Zhang,
P.Y.Tseng,
W.P.Yu,
and
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(2009).
Blocking pore-open mutants of CLC-0 by amphiphilic blockers.
|
| |
J Gen Physiol,
133,
43-58.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.D.Zhang,
and
T.Y.Chen
(2009).
Amphiphilic blockers punch through a mutant CLC-0 pore.
|
| |
J Gen Physiol,
133,
59-68.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z.Meshkat,
M.Audsley,
C.Beyer,
E.J.Gowans,
and
G.Haqshenas
(2009).
Reverse genetic analysis of a putative, influenza virus M2 HXXXW-like motif in the p7 protein of hepatitis C virus.
|
| |
J Viral Hepat,
16,
187-194.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.N.Thompson,
D.J.Posson,
P.V.Parsa,
and
C.M.Nimigean
(2008).
Molecular mechanism of pH sensing in KcsA potassium channels.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,
105,
6900-6905.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Rath,
and
C.M.Deber
(2008).
Surface recognition elements of membrane protein oligomerization.
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Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB
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