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PDBsum entry 1bg1

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protein dna_rna links
Transcription/DNA PDB id
1bg1

 

 

 

 

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Contents
Protein chain
559 a.a. *
DNA/RNA
Waters ×154
* Residue conservation analysis
PDB id:
1bg1
Name: Transcription/DNA
Title: Transcription factor stat3b/DNA complex
Structure: DNA (5'- d( Tp Gp Cp Ap Tp Tp Tp Cp Cp Cp Gp Tp Ap Ap Ap Tp Cp T)-3'). Chain: b. Engineered: yes. Other_details: 18-mer chemically synthesized, active form is 17-mer duplex with overhanging ends. Protein (transcription factor stat3b). Chain: a. Engineered: yes
Source: Synthetic: yes. Mus musculus. House mouse. Organism_taxid: 10090. Expressed in: escherichia coli bl21. Expression_system_taxid: 511693.
Biol. unit: Tetramer (from PDB file)
Resolution:
2.25Å     R-factor:   0.246     R-free:   0.301
Authors: S.Becker,B.Groner,C.W.Muller
Key ref:
S.Becker et al. (1998). Three-dimensional structure of the Stat3beta homodimer bound to DNA. Nature, 394, 145-151. PubMed id: 9671298 DOI: 10.1038/28101
Date:
03-Jun-98     Release date:   13-Jan-99    
PROCHECK
Go to PROCHECK summary
 Headers
 References

Protein chain
P42227  (STAT3_MOUSE) -  Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 from Mus musculus
Seq:
Struc:
 
Seq:
Struc:
770 a.a.
559 a.a.*
Key:    Secondary structure  CATH domain
* PDB and UniProt seqs differ at 2 residue positions (black crosses)

DNA/RNA chain
  T-G-C-A-T-T-T-C-C-C-G-T-A-A-A-T-C-T 18 bases

 

 
DOI no: 10.1038/28101 Nature 394:145-151 (1998)
PubMed id: 9671298  
 
 
Three-dimensional structure of the Stat3beta homodimer bound to DNA.
S.Becker, B.Groner, C.W.Müller.
 
  ABSTRACT  
 
STAT proteins are a family of eukaryotic transcription factors that mediate the response to a large number of cytokines and growth factors. Upon activation by cell-surface receptors or their associated kinases, STAT proteins dimerize, translocate to the nucleus and bind to specific promoter sequences on their target genes. Here we report the first crystal structure of a STAT protein bound to its DNA recognition site at 2.25 A resolution. The structure provides insight into the various steps by which STAT proteins deliver a response signal directly from the cell membrane to their target genes in the nucleus.
 
  Selected figure(s)  
 
Figure 2.
Figure 2 Ribbon diagram of the Stat3 homodimer-DNA complex. The N-terminal 4-helix bundle is shown in blue, the -barrel domain in red, the connector domain in green, and the SH2 domain and phosphotyrosine-containing region in yellow. Disordered regions between helices 1 and 2 and residues 689 to 701 have been modelled in grey. This figure and Fig. 3b were produced with program RIBBONS45. Views are shown a, along the DNA axis (the dyad of the complex running vertically); b, from the side, with monomer 2 depicted in grey; and c, from the top. Phosphotyrosines are indicated by a Y in c.
Figure 4.
Figure 4 Binding of the phosphotyrosine peptides by the C-terminal SH2 domains. Carbon atoms of the phosphotyrosine peptide covalently linked to monomer I and monomer II are yellow and white, respectively. Produced with program GRASP46.
 
  The above figures are reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Nature (1998, 394, 145-151) copyright 1998.  
  Figures were selected by the author.  

Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference

  PubMed id Reference
21360612 I.H.Park, and C.Li (2011).
Characterization of molecular recognition of STAT3 SH2 domain inhibitors through molecular simulation.
  J Mol Recognit, 24, 254-265.  
20854925 A.Dagvadorj, S.H.Tan, Z.Liao, J.Xie, M.Nurmi, K.Alanen, H.Rui, T.Mirtti, and M.T.Nevalainen (2010).
N-terminal truncation of Stat5a/b circumvents PIAS3-mediated transcriptional inhibition of Stat5 in prostate cancer cells.
  Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 42, 2037-2046.  
20360267 A.Hijikata, R.Raju, S.Keerthikumar, S.Ramabadran, L.Balakrishnan, S.K.Ramadoss, A.Pandey, S.Mohan, and O.Ohara (2010).
Mutation@A Glance: an integrative web application for analysing mutations from human genetic diseases.
  DNA Res, 17, 197-208.  
21098664 J.Yang, J.Huang, M.Dasgupta, N.Sears, M.Miyagi, B.Wang, M.R.Chance, X.Chen, Y.Du, Y.Wang, L.An, Q.Wang, T.Lu, X.Zhang, Z.Wang, and G.R.Stark (2010).
Reversible methylation of promoter-bound STAT3 by histone-modifying enzymes.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107, 21499-21504.  
  20167868 L.Gu, A.Dagvadorj, J.Lutz, B.Leiby, G.Bonuccelli, M.P.Lisanti, S.Addya, P.Fortina, A.Dasgupta, T.Hyslop, L.Bubendorf, and M.T.Nevalainen (2010).
Transcription factor Stat3 stimulates metastatic behavior of human prostate cancer cells in vivo, whereas Stat5b has a preferential role in the promotion of prostate cancer cell viability and tumor growth.
  Am J Pathol, 176, 1959-1972.  
20962278 L.Ma, J.S.Gao, Y.Guan, X.Shi, H.Zhang, M.K.Ayrapetov, Z.Zhang, L.Xu, Y.M.Hyun, M.Kim, S.Zhuang, and Y.E.Chin (2010).
Acetylation modulates prolactin receptor dimerization.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107, 19314-19319.  
20668749 S.Lahiri, R.Seidel, M.Engelhard, and C.F.Becker (2010).
Photocontrol of STAT6 dimerization and translocation.
  Mol Biosyst, 6, 2423-2429.  
19914392 Z.Liao, J.Lutz, and M.T.Nevalainen (2010).
Transcription factor Stat5a/b as a therapeutic target protein for prostate cancer.
  Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 42, 186-192.  
19648026 C.E.Egwuagu (2009).
STAT3 in CD4+ T helper cell differentiation and inflammatory diseases.
  Cytokine, 47, 149-156.  
19863079 G.Benison, M.Chiodo, P.A.Karplus, and E.Barbar (2009).
Structural, thermodynamic, and kinetic effects of a phosphomimetic mutation in dynein light chain LC8.
  Biochemistry, 48, 11381-11389.  
19632985 L.Dumoutier, C.de Meester, J.Tavernier, and J.C.Renauld (2009).
New activation modus of STAT3: a tyrosine-less region of the interleukin-22 receptor recruits STAT3 by interacting with its coiled-coil domain.
  J Biol Chem, 284, 26377-26384.  
19667270 M.Benekli, H.Baumann, and M.Wetzler (2009).
Targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway in leukemias.
  J Clin Oncol, 27, 4422-4432.  
19423726 O.Ritz, C.Guiter, F.Castellano, K.Dorsch, J.Melzner, J.P.Jais, G.Dubois, P.Gaulard, P.Möller, and K.Leroy (2009).
Recurrent mutations of the STAT6 DNA binding domain in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma.
  Blood, 114, 1236-1242.  
19309697 P.Bernadó, Y.Pérez, J.Blobel, J.Fernández-Recio, D.I.Svergun, and M.Pons (2009).
Structural characterization of unphosphorylated STAT5a oligomerization equilibrium in solution by small-angle X-ray scattering.
  Protein Sci, 18, 716-726.  
19334714 P.K.Mandal, D.Limbrick, D.R.Coleman, G.A.Dyer, Z.Ren, J.S.Birtwistle, C.Xiong, X.Chen, J.M.Briggs, and J.S.McMurray (2009).
Conformationally constrained peptidomimetic inhibitors of signal transducer and activator of transcription. 3: Evaluation and molecular modeling.
  J Med Chem, 52, 2429-2442.  
19935868 S.Fletcher, J.A.Drewry, V.M.Shahani, B.D.Page, and P.T.Gunning (2009).
Molecular disruption of oncogenic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein.
  Biochem Cell Biol, 87, 825-833.  
19644994 S.Fletcher, J.Singh, X.Zhang, P.Yue, B.D.Page, S.Sharmeen, V.M.Shahani, W.Zhao, A.D.Schimmer, J.Turkson, and P.T.Gunning (2009).
Disruption of transcriptionally active Stat3 dimers with non-phosphorylated, salicylic acid-based small molecules: potent in vitro and tumor cell activities.
  Chembiochem, 10, 1959-1964.  
19158271 T.Kawashima, Y.C.Bao, Y.Minoshima, Y.Nomura, T.Hatori, T.Hori, T.Fukagawa, T.Fukada, N.Takahashi, T.Nosaka, M.Inoue, T.Sato, M.Kukimoto-Niino, M.Shirouzu, S.Yokoyama, and T.Kitamura (2009).
A Rac GTPase-activating protein, MgcRacGAP, is a nuclear localizing signal-containing nuclear chaperone in the activation of STAT transcription factors.
  Mol Cell Biol, 29, 1796-1813.  
18817510 X.Wang, P.Lupardus, S.L.Laporte, and K.C.Garcia (2009).
Structural biology of shared cytokine receptors.
  Annu Rev Immunol, 27, 29-60.  
19274102 X.Xu, M.M.Kasembeli, X.Jiang, B.J.Tweardy, and D.J.Tweardy (2009).
Chemical probes that competitively and selectively inhibit Stat3 activation.
  PLoS ONE, 4, e4783.  
19295512 Y.Nie, D.M.Erion, Z.Yuan, M.Dietrich, G.I.Shulman, T.L.Horvath, and Q.Gao (2009).
STAT3 inhibition of gluconeogenesis is downregulated by SirT1.
  Nat Cell Biol, 11, 492-500.  
18798867 Z.Liu, M.Lei, Y.Jiang, H.Hao, L.Chu, J.Xu, M.Luo, C.M.Verfaillie, J.L.Zweier, and Z.Liu (2009).
High glucose attenuates VEGF expression in rat multipotent adult progenitor cells in association with inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signalling.
  J Cell Mol Med, 13, 3427-3436.  
18765289 C.Schindler, and C.Plumlee (2008).
Inteferons pen the JAK-STAT pathway.
  Semin Cell Dev Biol, 19, 311-318.  
18644840 J.E.McGeehan, S.D.Streeter, S.J.Thresh, N.Ball, R.B.Ravelli, and G.G.Kneale (2008).
Structural analysis of the genetic switch that regulates the expression of restriction-modification genes.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 36, 4778-4787.
PDB code: 3clc
18058821 J.S.McMurray (2008).
Structural basis for the binding of high affinity phosphopeptides to Stat3.
  Biopolymers, 90, 69-79.  
18364677 J.Yang, and G.R.Stark (2008).
Roles of unphosphorylated STATs in signaling.
  Cell Res, 18, 443-451.  
18227858 K.Al Zaid Siddiquee, and J.Turkson (2008).
STAT3 as a target for inducing apoptosis in solid and hematological tumors.
  Cell Res, 18, 254-267.  
18065416 M.Snyder, X.Y.Huang, and J.J.Zhang (2008).
Identification of novel direct Stat3 target genes for control of growth and differentiation.
  J Biol Chem, 283, 3791-3798.  
18591661 N.Wenta, H.Strauss, S.Meyer, and U.Vinkemeier (2008).
Tyrosine phosphorylation regulates the partitioning of STAT1 between different dimer conformations.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105, 9238-9243.  
18500982 P.Cinelli, E.A.Casanova, S.Uhlig, P.Lochmatter, T.Matsuda, T.Yokota, T.Rülicke, B.Ledermann, and K.Bürki (2008).
Expression profiling in transgenic FVB/N embryonic stem cells overexpressing STAT3.
  BMC Dev Biol, 8, 57.  
18615483 P.Weerasinghe, Y.Li, Y.Guan, R.Zhang, D.J.Tweardy, and N.Jing (2008).
T40214/PEI complex: a potent therapeutics for prostate cancer that targets STAT3 signaling.
  Prostate, 68, 1430-1442.  
18599072 Q.Xu, A.A.Canutescu, G.Wang, M.Shapovalov, Z.Obradovic, and R.L.Dunbrack (2008).
Statistical analysis of interface similarity in crystals of homologous proteins.
  J Mol Biol, 381, 487-507.  
18683176 S.Fletcher, J.Turkson, and P.T.Gunning (2008).
Molecular approaches towards the inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) protein.
  ChemMedChem, 3, 1159-1168.  
18497672 S.M.Stepkowski, W.Chen, J.A.Ross, Z.S.Nagy, and R.A.Kirken (2008).
STAT3: an important regulator of multiple cytokine functions.
  Transplantation, 85, 1372-1377.  
18677740 T.Berg (2008).
Signal transducers and activators of transcription as targets for small organic molecules.
  Chembiochem, 9, 2039-2044.  
18706517 T.Berg (2008).
Inhibition of transcription factors with small organic molecules.
  Curr Opin Chem Biol, 12, 464-471.  
18519587 Y.Tanaka, N.Tanaka, Y.Saeki, K.Tanaka, M.Murakami, T.Hirano, N.Ishii, and K.Sugamura (2008).
c-Cbl-dependent monoubiquitination and lysosomal degradation of gp130.
  Mol Cell Biol, 28, 4805-4818.  
17567818 A.Bacon, N.C.Kerr, F.E.Holmes, K.Gaston, and D.Wynick (2007).
Characterization of an enhancer region of the galanin gene that directs expression to the dorsal root ganglion and confers responsiveness to axotomy.
  J Neurosci, 27, 6573-6580.  
17693124 C.D.Krause, and S.Pestka (2007).
Historical developments in the research of interferon receptors.
  Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 18, 473-482.  
17502367 C.Schindler, D.E.Levy, and T.Decker (2007).
JAK-STAT signaling: from interferons to cytokines.
  J Biol Chem, 282, 20059-20063.  
17521420 J.L.Jiménez, B.Hegemann, J.R.Hutchins, J.M.Peters, and R.Durbin (2007).
A systematic comparative and structural analysis of protein phosphorylation sites based on the mtcPTM database.
  Genome Biol, 8, R90.  
17463090 K.Siddiquee, S.Zhang, W.C.Guida, M.A.Blaskovich, B.Greedy, H.R.Lawrence, M.L.Yip, R.Jove, M.M.McLaughlin, N.J.Lawrence, S.M.Sebti, and J.Turkson (2007).
Selective chemical probe inhibitor of Stat3, identified through structure-based virtual screening, induces antitumor activity.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 104, 7391-7396.  
17306571 M.Nakahira, T.Tanaka, B.E.Robson, J.P.Mizgerd, and M.J.Grusby (2007).
Regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling by the tyrosine phosphatase PTP-BL.
  Immunity, 26, 163-176.  
17683973 N.C.Reich (2007).
STAT dynamics.
  Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 18, 511-518.  
18034310 Q.Zhu, and N.Jing (2007).
Computational study on mechanism of G-quartet oligonucleotide T40214 selectively targeting Stat3.
  J Comput Aided Mol Des, 21, 641-648.  
17386941 S.Unlu, A.Kumar, W.R.Waterman, J.Tsukada, K.Z.Wang, D.L.Galson, and P.E.Auron (2007).
Phosphorylation of IRF8 in a pre-associated complex with Spi-1/PU.1 and non-phosphorylated Stat1 is critical for LPS induction of the IL1B gene.
  Mol Immunol, 44, 3364-3379.  
16934001 A.Chapgier, S.Boisson-Dupuis, E.Jouanguy, G.Vogt, J.Feinberg, A.Prochnicka-Chalufour, A.Casrouge, K.Yang, C.Soudais, C.Fieschi, O.F.Santos, J.Bustamante, C.Picard, L.de Beaucoudrey, J.F.Emile, P.D.Arkwright, R.D.Schreiber, C.Rolinck-Werninghaus, A.Rösen-Wolff, K.Magdorf, J.Roesler, and J.L.Casanova (2006).
Novel STAT1 alleles in otherwise healthy patients with mycobacterial disease.
  PLoS Genet, 2, e131.  
17182865 C.Mertens, M.Zhong, R.Krishnaraj, W.Zou, X.Chen, and J.E.Darnell (2006).
Dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine on STAT1 dimers requires extensive spatial reorientation of the monomers facilitated by the N-terminal domain.
  Genes Dev, 20, 3372-3381.  
17216035 C.P.Lim, and X.Cao (2006).
Structure, function, and regulation of STAT proteins.
  Mol Biosyst, 2, 536-550.  
16956893 L.Li, and P.E.Shaw (2006).
Elevated activity of STAT3C due to higher DNA binding affinity of phosphotyrosine dimer rather than covalent dimer formation.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 33172-33181.  
16718380 L.Zhang, D.B.Badgwell, J.J.Bevers, K.Schlessinger, P.J.Murray, D.E.Levy, and S.S.Watowich (2006).
IL-6 signaling via the STAT3/SOCS3 pathway: functional analysis of the conserved STAT3 N-domain.
  Mol Cell Biochem, 288, 179-189.  
16868551 N.C.Reich, and L.Liu (2006).
Tracking STAT nuclear traffic.
  Nat Rev Immunol, 6, 602-612.  
15659653 A.Hao, V.Novotny-Diermayr, W.Bian, B.Lin, C.P.Lim, N.Jing, and X.Cao (2005).
The LIM/homeodomain protein Islet1 recruits Janus tyrosine kinases and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and stimulates their activities.
  Mol Biol Cell, 16, 1569-1583.  
16388135 A.Prabhu, E.Coutinho, and S.Srivastava (2005).
The amino-terminal domain of human signal transducers and activators of transcription 1: overexpression, purification and characterization.
  J Biosci, 30, 611-618.  
  16236165 C.L.Howe (2005).
Modeling the signaling endosome hypothesis: why a drive to the nucleus is better than a (random) walk.
  Theor Biol Med Model, 2, 43.  
15807781 D.Gürlebeck, B.Szurek, and U.Bonas (2005).
Dimerization of the bacterial effector protein AvrBs3 in the plant cell cytoplasm prior to nuclear import.
  Plant J, 42, 175-187.  
16192273 D.Neculai, A.M.Neculai, S.Verrier, K.Straub, K.Klumpp, E.Pfitzner, and S.Becker (2005).
Structure of the unphosphorylated STAT5a dimer.
  J Biol Chem, 280, 40782-40787.
PDB code: 1y1u
16006740 H.Higuchi, A.Hasegawa, and T.Yamaguchi (2005).
Transcriptional regulation of neuronal genes and its effect on neural functions: transcriptional regulation of neuropeptide Y gene by leptin and its effect on feeding.
  J Pharmacol Sci, 98, 225-231.  
15781862 H.Song, R.Wang, S.Wang, and J.Lin (2005).
A low-molecular-weight compound discovered through virtual database screening inhibits Stat3 function in breast cancer cells.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 4700-4705.  
16302975 J.J.Babon, S.Yao, D.P.DeSouza, C.F.Harrison, L.J.Fabri, E.Liepinsh, S.D.Scrofani, M.Baca, and R.S.Norton (2005).
Secondary structure assignment of mouse SOCS3 by NMR defines the domain boundaries and identifies an unstructured insertion in the SH2 domain.
  FEBS J, 272, 6120-6130.  
15653493 J.J.O'Shea, Y.Kanno, X.Chen, and D.E.Levy (2005).
Cell signaling. Stat acetylation--a key facet of cytokine signaling?
  Science, 307, 217-218.  
16046414 J.Turkson, S.Zhang, L.B.Mora, A.Burns, S.Sebti, and R.Jove (2005).
A novel platinum compound inhibits constitutive Stat3 signaling and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of malignant cells.
  J Biol Chem, 280, 32979-32988.  
15724441 L.Fliegel (2005).
Identification of conserved polar residues important for salt tolerance by the Na+/H+ exchanger of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
  Mol Cell Biochem, 268, 83-92.  
15668228 M.M.Brierley, and E.N.Fish (2005).
Functional relevance of the conserved DNA-binding domain of STAT2.
  J Biol Chem, 280, 13029-13036.  
15753310 M.Zhong, M.A.Henriksen, K.Takeuchi, O.Schaefer, B.Liu, J.ten Hoeve, Z.Ren, X.Mao, X.Chen, K.Shuai, and J.E.Darnell (2005).
Implications of an antiparallel dimeric structure of nonphosphorylated STAT1 for the activation-inactivation cycle.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 3966-3971.  
16324152 T.Higashi, J.Tsukada, Y.Yoshida, T.Mizobe, F.Mouri, Y.Minami, H.Morimoto, and Y.Tanaka (2005).
Constitutive tyrosine and serine phosphorylation of STAT4 in T-cells transformed with HTLV-I.
  Genes Cells, 10, 1153-1162.  
15937186 V.Oganesyan, N.Oganesyan, P.D.Adams, J.Jancarik, H.A.Yokota, R.Kim, and S.H.Kim (2005).
Crystal structure of the "PhoU-like" phosphate uptake regulator from Aquifex aeolicus.
  J Bacteriol, 187, 4238-4244.
PDB codes: 1t72 1t8b
16257975 W.Sun, W.Xu, M.Snyder, W.He, H.Ho, L.B.Ivashkiv, and J.J.Zhang (2005).
The conserved Leu-724 residue is required for both serine phosphorylation and co-activator recruitment for Stat1-mediated transcription activation in response to interferon-gamma.
  J Biol Chem, 280, 41844-41851.  
  16511123 X.Mao, and X.Chen (2005).
Crystallization and X-ray crystallographic analysis of human STAT1.
  Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 61, 666-668.  
15780933 X.Mao, Z.Ren, G.N.Parker, H.Sondermann, M.A.Pastorello, W.Wang, J.S.McMurray, B.Demeler, J.E.Darnell, and X.Chen (2005).
Structural bases of unphosphorylated STAT1 association and receptor binding.
  Mol Cell, 17, 761-771.
PDB code: 1yvl
15611091 Y.Sekine, T.Yamamoto, T.Yumioka, K.Sugiyama, S.Tsuji, K.Oritani, K.Shimoda, M.Minoguchi, A.Yoshimura, and T.Matsuda (2005).
Physical and functional interactions between STAP-2/BKS and STAT5.
  J Biol Chem, 280, 8188-8196.  
16107341 Y.Zhang, K.Takami, M.S.Lo, G.Huang, Q.Yu, W.T.Roswit, and M.J.Holtzman (2005).
Modification of the Stat1 SH2 domain broadly improves interferon efficacy in proportion to p300/CREB-binding protein coactivator recruitment.
  J Biol Chem, 280, 34306-34315.  
15653507 Z.L.Yuan, Y.J.Guan, D.Chatterjee, and Y.E.Chin (2005).
Stat3 dimerization regulated by reversible acetylation of a single lysine residue.
  Science, 307, 269-273.  
15194700 A.Dreuw, S.Radtke, S.Pflanz, B.E.Lippok, P.C.Heinrich, and H.M.Hermanns (2004).
Characterization of the signaling capacities of the novel gp130-like cytokine receptor.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 36112-36120.  
14701810 A.L.Pranada, S.Metz, A.Herrmann, P.C.Heinrich, and G.Müller-Newen (2004).
Real time analysis of STAT3 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 15114-15123.  
  15509516 C.V.Clevenger (2004).
Roles and regulation of stat family transcription factors in human breast cancer.
  Am J Pathol, 165, 1449-1460.  
15102445 G.Ghosh, D.B.Huang, and T.Huxford (2004).
Molecular mimicry of the NF-kappaB DNA target site by a selected RNA aptamer.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 14, 21-27.  
14966128 H.Shao, X.Xu, M.A.Mastrangelo, N.Jing, R.G.Cook, G.B.Legge, and D.J.Tweardy (2004).
Structural requirements for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 binding to phosphotyrosine ligands containing the YXXQ motif.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 18967-18973.  
15161958 I.M.Fingerman, K.Sutphen, S.P.Montano, M.M.Georgiadis, and A.K.Vershon (2004).
Characterization of critical interactions between Ndt80 and MSE DNA defining a novel family of Ig-fold transcription factors.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 32, 2947-2956.  
15561601 K.Paukku, and O.Silvennoinen (2004).
STATs as critical mediators of signal transduction and transcription: lessons learned from STAT5.
  Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 15, 435-455.  
15053873 M.Soler-Lopez, C.Petosa, M.Fukuzawa, R.Ravelli, J.G.Williams, and C.W.Müller (2004).
Structure of an activated Dictyostelium STAT in its DNA-unbound form.
  Mol Cell, 13, 791-804.
PDB codes: 1uur 1uus
12628925 C.Lufei, J.Ma, G.Huang, T.Zhang, V.Novotny-Diermayr, C.T.Ong, and X.Cao (2003).
GRIM-19, a death-regulatory gene product, suppresses Stat3 activity via functional interaction.
  EMBO J, 22, 1325-1335.  
12621061 E.B.Kabotyanski, and J.M.Rosen (2003).
Signal transduction pathways regulated by prolactin and Src result in different conformations of activated Stat5b.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 17218-17227.  
12805384 H.C.Chang, S.Zhang, I.Oldham, L.Naeger, T.Hoey, and M.H.Kaplan (2003).
STAT4 requires the N-terminal domain for efficient phosphorylation.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 32471-32477.  
12832402 J.Braunstein, S.Brutsaert, R.Olson, and C.Schindler (2003).
STATs dimerize in the absence of phosphorylation.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 34133-34140.  
12746441 J.Ma, T.Zhang, V.Novotny-Diermayr, A.L.Tan, and X.Cao (2003).
A novel sequence in the coiled-coil domain of Stat3 essential for its nuclear translocation.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 29252-29260.  
12486728 M.Albrecht, D.Hoffmann, B.O.Evert, I.Schmitt, U.Wüllner, and T.Lengauer (2003).
Structural modeling of ataxin-3 reveals distant homology to adaptins.
  Proteins, 50, 355-370.  
12591923 M.Wiederkehr-Adam, P.Ernst, K.Müller, E.Bieck, F.O.Gombert, J.Ottl, P.Graff, F.Grossmüller, and M.H.Heim (2003).
Characterization of phosphopeptide motifs specific for the Src homology 2 domains of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT3.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 16117-16128.  
14659041 N.Jing, Y.Li, X.Xu, W.Sha, P.Li, L.Feng, and D.J.Tweardy (2003).
Targeting Stat3 with G-quartet oligodeoxynucleotides in human cancer cells.
  DNA Cell Biol, 22, 685-696.  
  12588893 S.Bhattacharya, and C.Schindler (2003).
Regulation of Stat3 nuclear export.
  J Clin Invest, 111, 553-559.  
14519766 S.Goenka, C.Marlar, U.Schindler, and M.Boothby (2003).
Differential roles of C-terminal activation motifs in the establishment of Stat6 transcriptional specificity.
  J Biol Chem, 278, 50362-50370.  
12548619 W.Flader, B.Wellenzohn, R.H.Winger, A.Hallbrucker, E.Mayer, and K.R.Liedl (2003).
Stepwise induced fit in the pico- to nanosecond time scale governs the complexation of the even-skipped transcriptional repressor homeodomain to DNA.
  Biopolymers, 68, 139-149.  
12538899 X.Chen, R.Bhandari, U.Vinkemeier, F.Van Den Akker, J.E.Darnell, and J.Kuriyan (2003).
A reinterpretation of the dimerization interface of the N-terminal domains of STATs.
  Protein Sci, 12, 361-365.  
  11994400 C.W.Schindler (2002).
Series introduction. JAK-STAT signaling in human disease.
  J Clin Invest, 109, 1133-1137.  
12209125 D.E.Levy, and J.E.Darnell (2002).
Stats: transcriptional control and biological impact.
  Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 3, 651-662.  
11932384 J.P.Parisien, J.F.Lau, J.J.Rodriguez, C.M.Ulane, and C.M.Horvath (2002).
Selective STAT protein degradation induced by paramyxoviruses requires both STAT1 and STAT2 but is independent of alpha/beta interferon signal transduction.
  J Virol, 76, 4190-4198.  
12411490 J.S.Lamoureux, D.Stuart, R.Tsang, C.Wu, and J.N.Glover (2002).
Structure of the sporulation-specific transcription factor Ndt80 bound to DNA.
  EMBO J, 21, 5721-5732.
PDB codes: 1mn4 1mnn
11972023 J.S.Nair, C.J.DaFonseca, A.Tjernberg, W.Sun, J.E.Darnell, B.T.Chait, and J.J.Zhang (2002).
Requirement of Ca2+ and CaMKII for Stat1 Ser-727 phosphorylation in response to IFN-gamma.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 99, 5971-5976.  
12231627 M.A.Henriksen, A.Betz, M.V.Fuccillo, and J.E.Darnell (2002).
Negative regulation of STAT92E by an N-terminally truncated STAT protein derived from an alternative promoter site.
  Genes Dev, 16, 2379-2389.  
12005433 M.Coll, J.G.Seidman, and C.W.Müller (2002).
Structure of the DNA-bound T-box domain of human TBX3, a transcription factor responsible for ulnar-mammary syndrome.
  Structure, 10, 343-356.
PDB code: 1h6f
12244326 M.Huang, F.Qian, Y.Hu, C.Ang, Z.Li, and Z.Wen (2002).
Chromatin-remodelling factor BRG1 selectively activates a subset of interferon-alpha-inducible genes.
  Nat Cell Biol, 4, 774-781.  
12048190 R.Fagerlund, K.Mélen, L.Kinnunen, and I.Julkunen (2002).
Arginine/lysine-rich nuclear localization signals mediate interactions between dimeric STATs and importin alpha 5.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 30072-30078.  
12244095 S.J.Schreiner, A.P.Schiavone, and T.E.Smithgall (2002).
Activation of STAT3 by the Src family kinase Hck requires a functional SH3 domain.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 45680-45687.  
12005431 S.T.Arold, M.K.Hoellerer, and M.E.Noble (2002).
The structural basis of localization and signaling by the focal adhesion targeting domain.
  Structure, 10, 319-327.
PDB codes: 1k04 1k05
11751884 T.Ueda, N.Bruchovsky, and M.D.Sadar (2002).
Activation of the androgen receptor N-terminal domain by interleukin-6 via MAPK and STAT3 signal transduction pathways.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 7076-7085.  
11872739 T.Zhang, K.T.Seow, C.T.Ong, and X.Cao (2002).
Interdomain interaction of Stat3 regulates its Src homology 2 domain-mediated receptor binding activity.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 17556-17563.  
12361954 V.Novotny-Diermayr, T.Zhang, L.Gu, and X.Cao (2002).
Protein kinase C delta associates with the interleukin-6 receptor subunit glycoprotein (gp) 130 via Stat3 and enhances Stat3-gp130 interaction.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 49134-49142.  
11786546 V.P.Nguyen, A.Z.Saleh, A.E.Arch, H.Yan, F.Piazza, J.Kim, and J.J.Krolewski (2002).
Stat2 binding to the interferon-alpha receptor 2 subunit is not required for interferon-alpha signaling.
  J Biol Chem, 277, 9713-9721.  
12024051 X.Xu, L.M.Tsvetkov, and D.F.Stern (2002).
Chk2 activation and phosphorylation-dependent oligomerization.
  Mol Cell Biol, 22, 4419-4432.  
11248027 C.J.DaFonseca, F.Shu, and J.J.Zhang (2001).
Identification of two residues in MCM5 critical for the assembly of MCM complexes and Stat1-mediated transcription activation in response to IFN-gamma.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 3034-3039.  
11179888 C.W.Müller (2001).
Transcription factors: global and detailed views.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 11, 26-32.  
11248555 J.N.Ihle (2001).
The Stat family in cytokine signaling.
  Curr Opin Cell Biol, 13, 211-217.  
11779503 J.W.Wu, M.Hu, J.Chai, J.Seoane, M.Huse, C.Li, D.J.Rigotti, S.Kyin, T.W.Muir, R.Fairman, J.Massagué, and Y.Shi (2001).
Crystal structure of a phosphorylated Smad2. Recognition of phosphoserine by the MH2 domain and insights on Smad function in TGF-beta signaling.
  Mol Cell, 8, 1277-1289.
PDB code: 1khx
11406370 M.Gadina, D.Hilton, J.A.Johnston, A.Morinobu, A.Lighvani, Y.J.Zhou, R.Visconti, and J.J.O'Shea (2001).
Signaling by type I and II cytokine receptors: ten years after.
  Curr Opin Immunol, 13, 363-373.  
11257229 T.H.Tahirov, T.Inoue-Bungo, H.Morii, A.Fujikawa, M.Sasaki, K.Kimura, M.Shiina, K.Sato, T.Kumasaka, M.Yamamoto, S.Ishii, and K.Ogata (2001).
Structural analyses of DNA recognition by the AML1/Runx-1 Runt domain and its allosteric control by CBFbeta.
  Cell, 104, 755-767.
PDB codes: 1hjb 1hjc 1io4
11171987 Y.Shen, G.Devgan, J.E.Darnell, and J.F.Bromberg (2001).
Constitutively activated Stat3 protects fibroblasts from serum withdrawal and UV-induced apoptosis and antagonizes the proapoptotic effects of activated Stat1.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 1543-1548.  
11222685 Y.Shen, and J.E.Darnell (2001).
Antiviral response in cells containing Stat1 with heterologous transactivation domains.
  J Virol, 75, 2627-2633.  
10856244 A.J.Warren, J.Bravo, R.L.Williams, and T.H.Rabbitts (2000).
Structural basis for the heterodimeric interaction between the acute leukaemia-associated transcription factors AML1 and CBFbeta.
  EMBO J, 19, 3004-3015.
PDB code: 1e50
11104795 C.Bousquet, M.C.Zatelli, and S.Melmed (2000).
Direct regulation of pituitary proopiomelanocortin by STAT3 provides a novel mechanism for immuno-neuroendocrine interfacing.
  J Clin Invest, 106, 1417-1425.  
11050435 C.M.Horvath (2000).
STAT proteins and transcriptional responses to extracellular signals.
  Trends Biochem Sci, 25, 496-502.  
10842311 D.E.Richards, J.Peng, and N.P.Harberd (2000).
Plant GRAS and metazoan STATs: one family?
  Bioessays, 22, 573-577.  
10594041 E.Soldaini, S.John, S.Moro, J.Bollenbacher, U.Schindler, and W.J.Leonard (2000).
DNA binding site selection of dimeric and tetrameric Stat5 proteins reveals a large repertoire of divergent tetrameric Stat5a binding sites.
  Mol Cell Biol, 20, 389-401.  
10936178 H.Halfter, F.Stögbauer, M.Friedrich, S.Serve, H.Serve, and E.B.Ringelstein (2000).
Oncostatin M-mediated growth inhibition of human glioblastoma cells does not depend on stat3 or on mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.
  J Neurochem, 75, 973-981.  
10980427 J.G.Williams (2000).
STAT signalling in cell proliferation and in development.
  Curr Opin Genet Dev, 10, 503-507.  
11053101 J.J.O'Shea, R.Visconti, T.P.Cheng, and M.Gadina (2000).
Jaks and stats as therapeutic targets.
  Ann Rheum Dis, 59, i115-i118.  
10675904 M.Chatterjee-Kishore, F.van den Akker, and G.R.Stark (2000).
Association of STATs with relatives and friends.
  Trends Cell Biol, 10, 106-111.  
11063574 N.Schiering, E.Casale, P.Caccia, P.Giordano, and C.Battistini (2000).
Dimer formation through domain swapping in the crystal structure of the Grb2-SH2-Ac-pYVNV complex.
  Biochemistry, 39, 13376-13382.
PDB code: 1fyr
11094415 R.A.Ortmann, T.Cheng, R.Visconti, D.M.Frucht, and J.J.O'Shea (2000).
Janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription: their roles in cytokine signaling, development and immunoregulation.
  Arthritis Res, 2, 16-32.  
10954736 R.G.Collum, S.Brutsaert, G.Lee, and C.Schindler (2000).
A Stat3-interacting protein (StIP1) regulates cytokine signal transduction.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 97, 10120-10125.  
10982829 T.Zhang, W.H.Kee, K.T.Seow, W.Fung, and X.Cao (2000).
The coiled-coil domain of Stat3 is essential for its SH2 domain-mediated receptor binding and subsequent activation induced by epidermal growth factor and interleukin-6.
  Mol Cell Biol, 20, 7132-7139.  
10801482 Y.Q.Chen, L.L.Sengchanthalangsy, A.Hackett, and G.Ghosh (2000).
NF-kappaB p65 (RelA) homodimer uses distinct mechanisms to recognize DNA targets.
  Structure, 8, 419-428.  
10417824 A.C.Oates, P.Wollberg, S.J.Pratt, B.H.Paw, S.L.Johnson, R.K.Ho, J.H.Postlethwait, L.I.Zon, and A.F.Wilks (1999).
Zebrafish stat3 is expressed in restricted tissues during embryogenesis and stat1 rescues cytokine signaling in a STAT1-deficient human cell line.
  Dev Dyn, 215, 352-370.  
10428824 A.V.Kazansky, E.B.Kabotyanski, S.L.Wyszomierski, M.A.Mancini, and J.M.Rosen (1999).
Differential effects of prolactin and src/abl kinases on the nuclear translocation of STAT5B and STAT5A.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 22484-22492.  
10022838 C.Barillas-Mury, Y.S.Han, D.Seeley, and F.C.Kafatos (1999).
Anopheles gambiae Ag-STAT, a new insect member of the STAT family, is activated in response to bacterial infection.
  EMBO J, 18, 959-967.  
10359822 C.J.Auernhammer, C.Bousquet, and S.Melmed (1999).
Autoregulation of pituitary corticotroph SOCS-3 expression: characterization of the murine SOCS-3 promoter.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 6964-6969.  
10480881 C.Lee, F.Piazza, S.Brutsaert, J.Valens, I.Strehlow, M.Jarosinski, C.Saris, and C.Schindler (1999).
Characterization of the Stat5 protease.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 26767-26775.  
  10373559 E.Yang, Z.Wen, R.L.Haspel, J.J.Zhang, and J.E.Darnell (1999).
The linker domain of Stat1 is required for gamma interferon-driven transcription.
  Mol Cell Biol, 19, 5106-5112.  
10064597 H.Yasukawa, H.Misawa, H.Sakamoto, M.Masuhara, A.Sasaki, T.Wakioka, S.Ohtsuka, T.Imaizumi, T.Matsuda, J.N.Ihle, and A.Yoshimura (1999).
The JAK-binding protein JAB inhibits Janus tyrosine kinase activity through binding in the activation loop.
  EMBO J, 18, 1309-1320.  
9988763 J.Herrington, L.Rui, G.Luo, L.Y.Yu-Lee, and C.Carter-Su (1999).
A functional DNA binding domain is required for growth hormone-induced nuclear accumulation of Stat5B.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 5138-5145.  
10047576 L.Chen (1999).
Combinatorial gene regulation by eukaryotic transcription factors.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 9, 48-55.  
  10082558 L.H.Milocco, J.A.Haslam, J.Rosen, and H.M.Seidel (1999).
Design of conditionally active STATs: insights into STAT activation and gene regulatory function.
  Mol Cell Biol, 19, 2913-2920.  
10464281 M.I.Ndubuisi, G.G.Guo, V.A.Fried, J.D.Etlinger, and P.B.Sehgal (1999).
Cellular physiology of STAT3: Where's the cytoplasmic monomer?
  J Biol Chem, 274, 25499-25509.  
10464260 M.Paulson, S.Pisharody, L.Pan, S.Guadagno, A.L.Mui, and D.E.Levy (1999).
Stat protein transactivation domains recruit p300/CBP through widely divergent sequences.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 25343-25349.  
9989503 M.Zhu, S.John, M.Berg, and W.J.Leonard (1999).
Functional association of Nmi with Stat5 and Stat1 in IL-2- and IFNgamma-mediated signaling.
  Cell, 96, 121-130.  
10511458 N.B.Blatt, and G.D.Glick (1999).
Anti-DNA autoantibodies and systemic lupus erythematosus.
  Pharmacol Ther, 83, 125-139.  
10743504 P.M.Grimley, F.Dong, and H.Rui (1999).
Stat5a and Stat5b: fraternal twins of signal transduction and transcriptional activation.
  Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 10, 131-157.  
10550013 R.Catlett-Falcone, W.S.Dalton, and R.Jove (1999).
STAT proteins as novel targets for cancer therapy. Signal transducer an activator of transcription.
  Curr Opin Oncol, 11, 490-496.  
9880505 S.Haan, U.Hemmann, U.Hassiepen, F.Schaper, J.Schneider-Mergener, A.Wollmer, P.C.Heinrich, and J.Grötzinger (1999).
Characterization and binding specificity of the monomeric STAT3-SH2 domain.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 1342-1348.  
  10490649 X.Zhang, M.H.Wrzeszczynska, C.M.Horvath, and J.E.Darnell (1999).
Interacting regions in Stat3 and c-Jun that participate in cooperative transcriptional activation.
  Mol Cell Biol, 19, 7138-7146.  
9852045 C.Boucheron, S.Dumon, S.C.Santos, R.Moriggl, L.Hennighausen, S.Gisselbrecht, and F.Gouilleux (1998).
A single amino acid in the DNA binding regions of STAT5A and STAT5B confers distinct DNA binding specificities.
  J Biol Chem, 273, 33936-33941.  
9799727 D.Rhodes, and J.W.Schwabe (1998).
Signal transduction: fast lane to transcriptional activation.
  Curr Biol, 8, R765-R767.  
9857196 F.X.Gomis-Rüth, M.Solá, P.Acebo, A.Párraga, A.Guasch, R.Eritja, A.González, M.Espinosa, G.del Solar, and M.Coll (1998).
The structure of plasmid-encoded transcriptional repressor CopG unliganded and bound to its operator.
  EMBO J, 17, 7404-7415.
PDB codes: 1b01 2cpg
The most recent references are shown first. Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be only a partial list as not all journals are covered by either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data so more and more references will be included with time. Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB code is shown on the right.

 

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