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Figure 6.
Figure 6. Alternate enzymatic pathways by hydrolytic
sialidases/neuraminidases, trans-sialidases, and IT-sialidases.
The favored substrate conformation (left) in the active site is
always a boat conformation. The differences between each
enzymatic mechanism are the nucleophilic attacking atoms. These
are activated water molecule in sialidase, the 3-hydroxyl of the
galactose intrans-sialidase, and the 7-hydroxyl of the substrate
sialic acid in IT-sialidase. The proximity of the hydroxyl
groups is enforced by the conformation restraints imposed by the
active site.
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