format-version: 1.2 date: 09:02:2012 07:00 data-version: 23:01:2012 16:29 saved-by: SBO community auto-generated-by: SBO Browser (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/sbo/) default-namespace: sbo [Term] id: SBO:0000000 name: systems biology representation def: "Representation of an entity used in a systems biology knowledge reconstruction\, such as a model\, pathway\, network." [src_code:NR] [Term] id: SBO:0000001 name: rate law def: "mathematical description that relates quantities of reactants to the reaction velocity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000064 ! mathematical expression [Term] id: SBO:0000002 name: quantitative systems description parameter def: "A numerical value that defines certain characteristics of systems or system functions. It may be part of a calculation\, but its value is not determined by the form of the equation itself\, and may be arbitrarily assigned." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000545 ! systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000003 name: participant role def: "The function of a physical entity\, that is its role\, in the execution of an event." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000000 ! systems biology representation [Term] id: SBO:0000004 name: modelling framework def: "Set of assumptions that underlay a mathematical description." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000000 ! systems biology representation [Term] id: SBO:0000005 name: obsolete mathematical expression def: "The description of a system in mathematical terms." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000006 name: obsolete parameter def: "A numerical value that represents the amount of some entity\, process or mathematical function of the system." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000007 name: obsolete participant type def: "The 'kind' of entity involved in some process\, action or reaction in the system. This may be enzyme\, simple chemical\, etc." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000008 name: obsolete modelling framework def: "Basic assumptions that underlie a mathematical model." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000009 name: kinetic constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of a chemical reaction." [src_code:NR] synonym: "reaction rate constant" [] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000010 name: reactant def: "Substance consumed by a chemical reaction. Reactants react with each other to form the products of a chemical reaction. In a chemical equation the Reactants are the elements or compounds on the left hand side of the reaction equation. A reactant can be consumed and produced by the same reaction\, its global quantity remaining unchanged." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000003 ! participant role [Term] id: SBO:0000011 name: product def: "Substance that is produced in a reaction. In a chemical\nequation the Products are the elements or compounds on the right hand side\nof the reaction equation. A product can be produced and consumed by the\nsame reaction\, its global quantity remaining unchanged." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000003 ! participant role [Term] id: SBO:0000012 name: mass action rate law def: "The Law of Mass Action\, first expressed by Waage and Guldberg in 1864 (Waage\, P.\, Guldberg\, C. M. Forhandlinger\: Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana 1864\, 35) states that the speed of a chemical reaction is proportional to the quantity of the reacting substances. More formally\, the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. In the case of a reaction occurring in a gas phase\, the activities are equal to the partial pressures. In the case of a well-stirred aqueous medium\, the activities are equal to the concentrations. In the case of discrete kinetic description\, the quantity are expressed in number of molecules and the relevant volume are implicitely embedded in the kinetic constant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000001 ! rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000013 name: catalyst def: "Substance that accelerates the velocity of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed or transformed. This effect is achieved by lowering the free energy of the transition state." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000459 ! stimulator [Term] id: SBO:0000014 name: enzyme def: "A protein that catalyzes a chemical reaction. The word comes from en (\"at\" or \"in\") and simo (\"leaven\" or \"yeast\")." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000015 name: substrate def: "Molecule which is acted upon by an enzyme. The substrate binds with the enzyme's active site\, and the enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction involving the substrate." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000010 ! reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000016 name: unimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one reactant.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000017 name: bimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of a chemical reaction involving two reactants." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000018 name: trimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of a chemical reaction involving three reactants.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000019 name: modifier def: "Substance that changes the velocity of a chemical reaction without\nitself being consumed or transformed by the reaction." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000003 ! participant role [Term] id: SBO:0000020 name: inhibitor def: "Substance that decreases the probability of a chemical reaction without\nitself being consumed or transformed by the reaction. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000019 ! modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000021 name: potentiator def: "Substance that increases the probability of a chemical reaction without\nitself being consumed or transformed by the reaction. This effect is achieved by increasing the difference of free energy between the reactant(s) and the product(s)" [src_code:NR] synonym: "activator" [] is_a: SBO:0000459 ! stimulator [Term] id: SBO:0000022 name: forward unimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical\nreaction involving only one reactant. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000016 ! unimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000153 ! forward rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000023 name: forward bimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction involving two reactants. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000017 ! bimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000153 ! forward rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000024 name: forward trimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical\nreaction involving three reactants. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000018 ! trimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000153 ! forward rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000025 name: catalytic rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of an enzymatic reaction." [src_code:NR] synonym: "kcat" [] synonym: "turnover number" [] is_a: SBO:0000035 ! forward unimolecular rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000026 name: new term name def: "none" [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000027 name: Michaelis constant def: "Substrate concentration at which the velocity of reaction is half its maximum. Michaelis constant is an experimental parameter. According to the underlying molecular mechanism it can be interpreted differently in terms of microscopic constants." [src_code:NR] synonym: "Km" [] synonym: "Michaelis-Menten constant" [] is_a: SBO:0000193 ! equilibrium or steady-state constant [Term] id: SBO:0000028 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting unireactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzymes that react only with one substance\, their substrate. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n Ks\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n Ks\n S\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000150 ! enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting reactant enzymes is_a: SBO:0000326 ! enzymatic rate law for non-modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000029 name: Henri-Michaelis-Menten rate law def: "First general rate equation for reactions involving enzymes\, it was presented in \"Victor Henri. Lois Générales de l'Action des Diastases. Paris\, Hermann\, 1903.\". The reaction is assumed to be made of a reversible of the binding of the substrate to the enzyme\, followed by the breakdown of the complex generating the product. Ten years after Henri\, Michaelis and Menten presented a variant of his equation\, based on the hypothesis that the dissociation rate of the substrate was much larger than the rate of the product generation. Leonor Michaelis\, Maud Menten (1913). Die Kinetik der Invertinwirkung\, Biochem. Z. 49\:333-369.\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n Ks\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n Ks\n S\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000028 ! enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000030 name: Van Slyke-Cullen rate law def: "Rate-law presented in \"Donald D. Van Slyke and Glenn E. Cullen. The mode of action of urease and of enzymes in general. J. Biol. Chem.\, Oct 1914\, 19\: 141-180\". It assumes that the enzymatic reaction occurs as two irreversible steps.E+S -> ES -> E+P. Although of the same form than the Henri-Michaelis-Menten equation\, it is semantically different since K now represents the ratio between the production rate and the association rate of the enzyme and the substrate.\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n Ks\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n Ks\n S\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000028 ! enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000031 name: Briggs-Haldane rate law def: "The Briggs-Haldane rate law is a general rate equation that does not require the restriction of equilibrium of Henri-Michaelis-Menten or irreversible reactions of Van Slyke\, but instead make the hypothesis that the complex enzyme-substrate is in quasi-steady-state. Although of the same form than the Henri-Michaelis-Menten equation\, it is semantically different since Km now represents a pseudo-equilibrium constant\, and is equal to the ratio between the rate of consumption of the complex (sum of dissociation of substrate and generation of product) and the association rate of the enzyme and the substrate.\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n Km\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n Km\n S\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000028 ! enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000032 name: reverse unimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one product. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the product." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000016 ! unimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000156 ! reverse rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000033 name: reverse bimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one product. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the product." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000017 ! bimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000156 ! reverse rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000034 name: reverse trimolecular rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction involving three products. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000018 ! trimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000156 ! reverse rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000035 name: forward unimolecular rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one reactant. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000022 ! forward unimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000154 ! forward rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000036 name: forward bimolecular rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction involving two reactants. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000023 ! forward bimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000154 ! forward rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000037 name: forward trimolecular rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction involving three reactants. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000024 ! forward trimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000154 ! forward rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000038 name: reverse unimolecular rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one product. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000032 ! reverse unimolecular rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000039 name: reverse bimolecular rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one product. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000033 ! reverse bimolecular rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000040 name: reverse trimolecular rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction involving three products. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the products. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000034 ! reverse trimolecular rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000041 name: mass action rate law for irreversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000012 ! mass action rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000042 name: mass action rate law for reversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000012 ! mass action rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000043 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order irreversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is constant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000041 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000044 name: mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of one reactant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000041 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000045 name: mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to two reactant quantity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000041 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000046 name: zeroth order rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of a chemical reaction independant of the reactant quantities. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000047 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is constant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n \n \n k\n \n k\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000043 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order irreversible reactions is_a: SBO:0000163 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000048 name: forward zeroth order rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction independant of the reactant quantities. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000154 ! forward rate constant\, continuous case is_a: SBO:0000162 ! forward zeroth order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000049 name: mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n k\n R\n \n \n k\n R\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000044 ! mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions is_a: SBO:0000163 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000050 name: mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products\, and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000045 ! mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000051 name: new term name def: "" [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000052 name: mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n k\n R\n \n \n k\n R\n R\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000050 ! mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant is_a: SBO:0000163 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000053 name: mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, two reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of two reactants. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000045 ! mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000054 name: mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, two reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n k\n R1\n R2\n \n \n k\n R1\n R2\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000053 ! mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, two reactants is_a: SBO:0000163 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000055 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to three reactant quantities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000041 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000056 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, one reactant def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000055 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000057 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products\, and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n k\n R\n \n \n k\n R\n R\n R\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000056 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, one reactant is_a: SBO:0000163 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000058 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, two reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of the quantity of the other reactant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000055 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000059 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, two reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of the quantity of the other reactant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n k\n R1\n R2\n \n \n k\n R1\n R1\n R2\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000058 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, two reactants is_a: SBO:0000163 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000060 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, three reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of three reactants." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000055 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000061 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, three reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products\, and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n k\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n k\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000060 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, three reactants is_a: SBO:0000163 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000062 name: continuous framework def: "Modelling approach where the quantities of participants are considered continuous\, and represented by real values. The associated simulation methods make use of differential equations." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000004 ! modelling framework [Term] id: SBO:0000063 name: discrete framework def: "Modelling approach where the quantities of participants are considered discrete\, and represented by integer values. The associated simulation methods can be deterministic or stochastic. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000004 ! modelling framework [Term] id: SBO:0000064 name: mathematical expression def: "Formal representation of a calculus linking parameters and variables of a model." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000000 ! systems biology representation [Term] id: SBO:0000065 name: forward zeroth order rate constant\, discrete case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction independant of the reactant quantities. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000155 ! forward rate constant\, discrete case is_a: SBO:0000162 ! forward zeroth order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000066 name: forward unimolecular rate constant\, discrete case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one reactant. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework. \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000022 ! forward unimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000155 ! forward rate constant\, discrete case [Term] id: SBO:0000067 name: forward bimolecular rate constant\, discrete case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction involving two reactants. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000023 ! forward bimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000155 ! forward rate constant\, discrete case [Term] id: SBO:0000068 name: forward trimolecular rate constant\, discrete case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction involving three reactants. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000024 ! forward trimolecular rate constant is_a: SBO:0000155 ! forward rate constant\, discrete case [Term] id: SBO:0000069 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order reversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000042 ! mass action rate law for reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000070 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, first order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n P\n \n \n kf\n \n \n kr\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000069 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000071 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional totwo product quantities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000069 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000072 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the square of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n\n\n \n kf\n kr\n P\n \n \n kf\n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000071 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000073 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of two product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n\n \n kf\n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n kf\n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000071 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000074 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to three product quantities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000069 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000075 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the cube of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n P\n \n \n kf\n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000074 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000076 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product and the square of the quantity of the other product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n kf\n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n P2\n \n \n \n\n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000074 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000077 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is constant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of three product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n kf\n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000074 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000078 name: mass action rate law for first order reversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000042 ! mass action rate law for reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000079 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, zeroth order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is constant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n \n kr\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000078 ! mass action rate law for first order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000080 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, first order reverse\, reversible reactions\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000078 ! mass action rate law for first order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000081 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to two product quantities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000078 ! mass action rate law for first order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000082 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the square of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000081 ! mass action rate law for first order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000083 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of two product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000081 ! mass action rate law for first order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000084 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to three product quantities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000078 ! mass action rate law for first order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000085 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the cube of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000084 ! mass action rate law for first order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000086 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product and the square of the quantity of the other product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000084 ! mass action rate law for first order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000087 name: mass action rate law for first order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of three product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000084 ! mass action rate law for first order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000088 name: mass action rate law for second order reversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to two reactant quantities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000042 ! mass action rate law for reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000089 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000088 ! mass action rate law for second order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000090 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, zeroth order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is constant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n \n kr\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000089 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000091 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, first order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000089 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000092 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of two products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000089 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000093 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the square of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000092 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000094 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of two product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000092 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000095 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of three products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000089 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000096 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the cube of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000095 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000097 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product and the square of the quantity of the other product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000095 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000098 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, three products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of three product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000095 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000099 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000088 ! mass action rate law for second order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000100 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, zeroth order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is constant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n \n kr\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000099 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000101 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, first order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000099 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000102 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of two products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000099 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000103 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the square of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000102 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000104 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of two product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000102 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000105 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of three products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000099 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000106 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the cube of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000105 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000107 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product and the square of the quantity of the other product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000105 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000108 name: mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, three products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of three product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000105 ! mass action rate law for second order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000109 name: mass action rate law for third order reversible reactions def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of a reactant quantity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000042 ! mass action rate law for reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000110 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000109 ! mass action rate law for third order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000111 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, zeroth order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is constant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R1\n R2\n \n kr\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000110 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000112 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, first order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000110 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000113 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of two products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000110 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000114 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the square of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000113 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000115 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of two product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000113 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000116 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of three products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000110 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000117 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the cube of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000116 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000118 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product and the square of the quantity of the other product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000116 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000119 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants\, three products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of quantity of the other reactant. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of three product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R1\n R2\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000116 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, two reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000120 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, three reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000109 ! mass action rate law for third order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000121 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, zeroth order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is constant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n kr\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000120 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000122 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, first order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n R3\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000120 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000123 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of two products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000120 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000124 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the square of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n R3\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000123 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000125 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of two product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n R3\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000123 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000126 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of three products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000120 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000127 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the cube of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n R3\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000126 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000128 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product and the square of the quantity of the other product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n R3\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000126 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000129 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants\, three products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of three reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of three product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R1\n R2\n R3\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000126 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, three reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000130 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000109 ! mass action rate law for third order reversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000131 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, zeroth order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is constant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n R\n \n kr\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000130 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000132 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, first order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000130 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000133 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of two products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000130 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000134 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the square of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000133 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000135 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of two product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000133 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, second order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000136 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of three products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000130 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000137 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, one product\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the cube of one product quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P\n P\n P\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000136 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000138 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, two products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product and the square of the quantity of the other product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P1\n P2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000136 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000139 name: mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant\, three products\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the product of three product quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n kf\n kr\n R\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n \n kf\n R\n R\n R\n \n \n \n kr\n P1\n P2\n P3\n \n \n \n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000136 ! mass action rate law for third order forward\, third order reverse\, reversible reactions\, one reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000140 name: mass action rate law for zeroth order irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is constant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n \n c\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000043 ! mass action rate law for zeroth order irreversible reactions is_a: SBO:0000166 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000141 name: mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n R\n \n \n c\n R\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000044 ! mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions is_a: SBO:0000166 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000142 name: mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the square of one reactant quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n R\n \n \n c\n \n \n \n \n R\n \n \n R\n 1\n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n\n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000050 ! mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant is_a: SBO:0000166 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000143 name: mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, two reactants\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of two reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n R1\n R2\n \n \n c\n R1\n R2\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000053 ! mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, two reactants is_a: SBO:0000166 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000144 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the cube of one reactant quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n R\n \n \n c\n \n \n \n \n R\n \n \n R\n 1\n \n \n \n R\n 2\n \n \n 6\n \n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000056 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, one reactant is_a: SBO:0000166 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000145 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, two reactants\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of one reactant and the square of the quantity of the other reactant. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n R1\n R2\n \n \n c\n R1\n \n \n \n \n R2\n \n \n R2\n 1\n \n \n 2\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000058 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, two reactants is_a: SBO:0000166 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000146 name: mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, three reactants\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of three reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n c\n R1\n R2\n R3\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000060 ! mass action rate law for third order irreversible reactions\, three reactants is_a: SBO:0000166 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000147 name: thermodynamic temperature def: "Temperature is the physical property of a system which underlies the common notions of \"hot\" and \"cold\"\, the material with the higher temperature is said to be hotter. Temperature is a quantity related to the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. The 10th Conference Generale des Poids et Mesures decided to define the thermodynamic temperature scale by choosing the triple point of water as the fundamental fixed point\, and assigning to it the temperature 273\,16 degrees Kelvin\, exactly (0.01 degree Celsius)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000148 name: temperature difference def: "Quantity resulting from the difference between two thermodynamic temperatures. A difference or interval of temperature may be expressed in Kelvins or in degrees Celsius.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000149 name: number of substrates def: "Number of molecules which are acted upon by an enzyme." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000157 ! number of reactants [Term] id: SBO:0000150 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting reactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzymes that react with one or several substances\, their substrates\, that bind independently. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions. \n\n \n Et\n kp\n n\n S\n K\n \n \n \n \n Et\n kp\n \n \n i \n 1 \n n \n \n \n \n \n S\n i \n \n \n \n K\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n \n i \n \n 1 \n \n \n n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n \n \n S\n i \n \n \n \n K\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000268 ! enzymatic rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000151 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting bireactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzymes that react with two substances\, their substrates\, that bind independently. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions. \n\n \n Et\n kp\n n\n S1\n S2\n K1\n K2\n \n \n \n \n Et\n kp\n \n \n \n \n S1 \n K1 \n \n \n \n S2 \n K2 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n S1 \n K1 \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n S2 \n K2 \n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000150 ! enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting reactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000152 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting trireactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzymes that react with three substances\, their substrates\, that bind independently. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n\n \n Et\n kp\n n\n S1\n S2\n S3\n K1\n K2\n K3\n \n \n \n \n Et\n kp\n \n \n \n \n S1 \n K1 \n \n \n \n S2 \n K2 \n \n \n \n S3 \n K3 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n S1 \n K1 \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n S2 \n K2 \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n S3 \n K3 \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000150 ! enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting reactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000153 name: forward rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000154 name: forward rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000153 ! forward rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000155 name: forward rate constant\, discrete case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000153 ! forward rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000156 name: reverse rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000157 name: number of reactants def: "Number of different substances consumed by a chemical reaction." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000188 ! number of biochemical items [Term] id: SBO:0000158 name: order of a reaction with respect to a reactant def: "The order of a reaction with respect to a certain reactant is defined as the power to which its concentration term in the rate equation is raised." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000382 ! biochemical exponential coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000159 name: non-integral order rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of a chemical reaction where reactants have non-integral orders. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000160 name: forward non-integral order rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction where reactants have non-integral orders. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000153 ! forward rate constant is_a: SBO:0000159 ! non-integral order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000161 name: reverse non-integral order rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction where products have non-integral orders. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the products." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000156 ! reverse rate constant is_a: SBO:0000159 ! non-integral order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000162 name: forward zeroth order rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction independant of the reactant quantities. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000046 ! zeroth order rate constant is_a: SBO:0000153 ! forward rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000163 name: mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n k\n n\n mu\n R\n \n \n k\n \n \n i \n 0 \n n \n \n \n \n \n R\n i \n \n \n \n mu\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000041 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000164 name: second order irreversible mass action kinetics\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to two reactant quantity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n k\n R\n \n \n k\n \n \n i \n 1 \n 2 \n \n \n R\n i \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000165 name: third order irreversible mass action kinetics\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to three reactant quantities. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. \n\n \n k\n R\n \n \n k\n \n \n i \n 1 \n 3 \n \n \n R\n i \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000166 name: mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n\n \n c\n n\n mu\n R\n \n \n c\n \n \n i \n 0 \n n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n R\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n R\n i \n \n \n \n mu\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n mu\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000041 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000231 name: occurring entity representation def: "Representation of an entity that manifests\, unfolds or develops through time\, such as a discrete event\, or a mutual or reciprocal action or influence that happens between participating physical entities\, and/or other occurring entities. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000000 ! systems biology representation [Term] id: SBO:0000232 name: obsolete event def: "A phenomenon that takes place and which may be observable\, or may be determined to have occurred as the result of an action or process." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000167 name: biochemical or transport reaction def: "An event involving one or more physical entities that modifies the structure\, location or free energy of at least one of the participants." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000168 name: control def: "Modification of the execution of an event" [src_code:NR] synonym: "modulation" [] synonym: "regulation" [] is_a: SBO:0000374 ! relationship [Term] id: SBO:0000169 name: inhibition def: "Negative modulation of the execution of a process." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000168 ! control [Term] id: SBO:0000170 name: stimulation def: "Positive modulation of the execution of a process." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000168 ! control [Term] id: SBO:0000171 name: necessary stimulation def: "Control that is necessary to the execution of a process." [src_code:NR] synonym: " absolute stimulation" [] synonym: "trigger" [] is_a: SBO:0000170 ! stimulation [Term] id: SBO:0000172 name: catalysis def: "Modification of the velocity of a reaction by lowering the energy of the transition state." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000170 ! stimulation [Term] id: SBO:0000173 name: and def: "All the preceding events or participating entities are necessary to perform the control." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000237 ! logical combination [Term] id: SBO:0000174 name: or def: "Any of the preceding events or participating entities are necessary to perform the control." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000237 ! logical combination [Term] id: SBO:0000175 name: xor def: "Only one of the preceding events or participating entities can perform the control at one time." [src_code:NR] synonym: "exclusive or" [] is_a: SBO:0000237 ! logical combination [Term] id: SBO:0000176 name: biochemical reaction def: "An event involving one or more chemical entities that modifies the electrochemical structure of at least one of the participants.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000167 ! biochemical or transport reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000177 name: non-covalent binding def: "Interaction between several biochemical entities that results in the formation of a non-covalent complex" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000178 name: cleavage def: "Rupture of a covalent bond resulting in the conversion of one physical entity into several physical entities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000182 ! conversion [Term] id: SBO:0000179 name: degradation def: "Complete disappearance of a physical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000180 name: dissociation def: "Transformation of a non-covalent complex that results in the formation of several independent biochemical entities" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000181 name: conformational transition def: "Biochemical reaction that does not result in the modification of covalent bonds of reactants\, but rather modifies the conformation of some reactants\, that is the relative position of their atoms in space." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000182 name: conversion def: "Biochemical reaction that results in the modification of some covalent bonds." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000183 name: transcription def: "Process through which a DNA sequence is copied to produce a complementary RNA." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000205 ! composite biochemical process [Term] id: SBO:0000184 name: translation def: "Process in which a polypeptide chain is produced from a messenger RNA." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000205 ! composite biochemical process [Term] id: SBO:0000185 name: transport reaction def: "Movement of a physical entity without modification of the structure of the entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000167 ! biochemical or transport reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000186 name: maximal velocity def: "Limiting maximal velocity of an enzymatic reaction\, reached when the substrate is in large excess and all the enzyme is complexed.\n \n Et\n kcat\n \n \n Et\n kcat\n \n \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "Vmax" [] is_a: SBO:0000046 ! zeroth order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000187 name: Henri-Michaelis-Menten equation\, Vmax form def: "Version of Henri-Michaelis-Menten equation where kp*\[E\]t is replaced by the maximal velocity\, Vmax\, reached when all the enzyme is active. \n\n \n Vmax\n S\n Ks\n \n \n \n \n Vmax\n S\n \n \n \n Ks\n S\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000188 name: number of biochemical items def: "A number of objects of the same type\, identical or different\, involved in a biochemical event." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000189 name: number of binding sites def: "Number of regions on a reactant to which specific other reactants\, in this context collectively called ligands\, form a chemical bond." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000188 ! number of biochemical items [Term] id: SBO:0000190 name: Hill coefficient def: "Empirical parameter created by Archibald Vivian Hill to describe the cooperative binding of oxygen on hemoglobine (Hill (1910). The possible effects of the aggregation of the molecules of haemoglobin on its dissociation curves. J Physiol 40\: iv-vii)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000382 ! biochemical exponential coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000191 name: Hill constant def: "Empirical constant created by Archibald Vivian Hill to describe the cooperative binding of oxygen on hemoglobine (Hill (1910). The possible effects of the aggregation of the molecules of haemoglobin on its dissociation curves. J Physiol 40\: iv-vii). Different from a microscopic dissociation constant\, it has the dimension of concentration to the power of the Hill coefficient." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000193 ! equilibrium or steady-state constant [Term] id: SBO:0000192 name: Hill-type rate law\, generalised form def: "Empirical equation created by Archibald Vivian Hill to describe the cooperative binding of oxygen on hemoglobine (Hill (1910). The possible effects of the aggregation of the molecules of haemoglobin on its dissociation curves. J Physiol 40\: iv-vii).\n\n \n Vmax\n R\n K\n h\n n\n \n \n \n \n Vmax\n \n \n R\n h\n \n \n \n \n \n \n K\n n\n \n \n \n R\n h\n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000001 ! rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000193 name: equilibrium or steady-state constant def: "Constant with the dimension of a powered concentration. It is determined at half-saturation\, half-activity etc. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000308 ! equilibrium or steady-state characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000194 name: pseudo-dissociation constant def: "Dissociation constant equivalent to an intrinsic microscopic dissociation constant\, but obtained from an averaging process\, for instance by extracting the root of a Hill constant. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000193 ! equilibrium or steady-state constant [Term] id: SBO:0000195 name: Hill-type rate law\, microscopic form def: "Hill equation rewritten by creating a pseudo-microscopic constant\, equal to the Hill constant powered to the opposite of the Hill coefficient.\n\n \n Vmax\n R\n K\n h\n \n \n \n \n Vmax\n \n \n R\n h\n \n \n \n \n \n \n K\n h\n \n \n \n R\n h\n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000192 ! Hill-type rate law\, generalised form [Term] id: SBO:0000196 name: concentration of an entity pool def: "The amount of an entity per unit of volume. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "\[X\]" [] is_a: SBO:0000226 ! density of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000197 name: specific concentration of an entity def: "Concentration of an object divided by the value of another parameter having the dimension of a concentration." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000196 ! concentration of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000198 name: Hill-type rate law\, reduced form def: "Hill equation rewritten by replacing the concentration of reactant with its reduced form\, that is the concentration divide by a pseudo-microscopic constant\, equal to the Hill constant powered to the opposite of the Hill coefficient.\n\n \n Vmax\n R*\n h\n \n \n \n \n Vmax\n \n \n R*\n h\n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n R*\n h\n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000192 ! Hill-type rate law\, generalised form [Term] id: SBO:0000199 name: normalised enzymatic rate law for unireactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzymes that react only with one substance\, their substrate. The total enzyme concentration is considered to be equal to 1\, therefore the maximal velocity equals the catalytic constant.\n\n \n kcat\n S\n Ks\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n S\n \n \n \n Ks\n S\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000028 ! enzymatic rate law for irreversible non-modulated non-interacting unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000200 name: redox reaction def: "Chemical process in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000201 name: oxidation def: "Chemical process during which a molecular entity loses electrons." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000200 ! redox reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000202 name: reduction def: "Chemical process in which a molecular entity gain electrons." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000200 ! redox reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000203 name: duplication def: "Reaction in which a reactant gives birth to two products identical to itself." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000204 name: dna replication def: "Process in which a DNA duplex is transformed into two identical DNA duplexes." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000205 ! composite biochemical process [Term] id: SBO:0000205 name: composite biochemical process def: "Process that involves the participation of chemical or biological entities and is composed of several elementary steps or reactions. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000206 name: competitive inhibitor def: "Substance that decreases the probability of a chemical reaction\, without itself being consumed or transformed by the reaction\, by stericaly hindering the interaction between reactants. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000020 ! inhibitor [Term] id: SBO:0000207 name: non-competitive inhibitor def: "Substance that decreases the probability of a chemical reaction\, without itself being consumed or transformed by the reaction\, and without sterically hindering the interaction between reactants. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000020 ! inhibitor [Term] id: SBO:0000208 name: acid-base reaction def: "Chemical reaction where a proton is given by a compound\, the acid\, to another one\, the base (Brønsted-Lowry definition). An alternative\, more general\, definition is a reaction where a compound\, the base\, gives a pair of electrons to another\, the acid (Lewis definition)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000209 name: ionisation def: "Ionization is the physical process of converting an atom or molecule into an ion by changing the difference between the number of protons and electrons. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000210 name: addition of a chemical group def: "Covalent reaction that results in the addition of a chemical group on a molecule." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000182 ! conversion [Term] id: SBO:0000211 name: removal of a chemical group def: "Covalent reaction that results in the removal of a chemical group from a molecule." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000182 ! conversion [Term] id: SBO:0000212 name: protonation def: "Addition of a proton (H+) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000208 ! acid-base reaction is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000213 name: deprotonation def: "Removal of a proton (hydrogen ion H+) from a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000208 ! acid-base reaction is_a: SBO:0000211 ! removal of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000214 name: methylation def: "Addition of a methyl group (-CH3) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000215 name: acetylation def: "Addition of an acetyl group (-COCH3) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000216 name: phosphorylation def: "Addition of a phosphate group (-H2PO4) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000217 name: glycosylation def: "Addition of a saccharide group to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000218 name: palmitoylation def: "Addition of a palmitoyl group (CH3-\[CH2\]14-CO-) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000219 name: myristoylation def: "Addition of a myristoyl (CH3-\[CH2\]12-CO-) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000220 name: sulfation def: "Addition of a sulfate group (SO4--) to a chemical entity. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "sulphation" [] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000221 name: prenylation def: "Addition of a prenyl group (generic sense) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] synonym: "isoprenylation" [] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000222 name: farnesylation def: "Addition of a farnesyl group (CH2-CH=C(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH=C(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH=C(CH3)2) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000221 ! prenylation [Term] id: SBO:0000223 name: geranylgeranylation def: "Addition of a geranylgeranyl group (CH2-CH=C(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH=C(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH=C(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH=C(CH3)2) to a chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000221 ! prenylation [Term] id: SBO:0000224 name: ubiquitination def: "Covalent linkage to the protein ubiquitin. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000225 name: delay def: "Time during which some action is awaited." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000346 ! temporal measure [Term] id: SBO:0000226 name: density of an entity pool def: "A quantitative measure of an amount or property of an entity expressed in terms of another dimension\, such as unit length\, area or volume." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000360 ! quantity of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000227 name: mass density of an entity def: "The mass of an entity expressed with reference to another dimension\, such as unit length\, area or volume." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000226 ! density of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000228 name: volume density of an entity def: "Mass of an entity per unit volume." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000227 ! mass density of an entity [Term] id: SBO:0000229 name: area density of an entity def: "The mass of an entity per unit of surface area." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000227 ! mass density of an entity [Term] id: SBO:0000230 name: linear density of an entity def: "Mass of an entity per unit length." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000227 ! mass density of an entity [Term] id: SBO:0000233 name: hydroxylation def: "Addition of an hydroxyl group (-OH) to a chemical entity. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000210 ! addition of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000234 name: logical framework def: "Modelling approach\, pioneered by Rene Thomas and Stuart Kaufman\, where the evolution of a system is described by the transitions between discrete activity states of \"genes\" that control each other." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000004 ! modelling framework [Term] id: SBO:0000235 name: participant def: "Entity that affects or is affected by an event." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000236 name: physical entity representation def: "Representation of an entity that may participate in an interaction\, a process or relationship of significance.\n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "new synonym" [] is_a: SBO:0000000 ! systems biology representation [Term] id: SBO:0000237 name: logical combination def: "Combining the influence of several entities or events in a unique influence." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000374 ! relationship [Term] id: SBO:0000238 name: not def: "The preceding event or participating entity cannot participate to the control. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000237 ! logical combination [Term] id: SBO:0000239 name: allosteric control def: "Regulation of the influence of a reaction participant by binding an effector to a binding site of the participant different of the site of the participant conveying the influence." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000168 ! control [Term] id: SBO:0000240 name: material entity def: "A real thing that is defined by its physico-chemical structure.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000236 ! physical entity representation [Term] id: SBO:0000241 name: functional entity def: "A real thing\, defined by its properties or the actions it performs\, rather than it physico-chemical structure." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000236 ! physical entity representation [Term] id: SBO:0000242 name: channel def: "A component that allows another component to pass through itself\, possibly connecting different compartments." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000243 name: gene def: "A locatable region of genomic sequence\, corresponding to a unit of inheritance\, which is associated with regulatory regions\, transcribed regions and/or other functional sequence regions.\n\nSequence Ontology SO\:0000704" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000404 ! unit of genetic information [Term] id: SBO:0000244 name: receptor def: "Participating entity that binds to a specific physical entity and initiates the response to that physical entity.The original concept of the receptor was introduced independently at the end of the 19th century by John Newport Langley (1852-1925) and Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915).\n\nLangley JN.On the reaction of cells and of nerve-endings to certain poisons\, chiefly as regards the reaction of striated muscle to nicotine and to curari. J Physiol. 1905 Dec 30\,33(4-5)\:374-413." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000245 name: macromolecule def: "Molecular entity mainly built-up by the repetition of pseudo-identical units.\n\nCHEBI\:33839" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000246 name: information macromolecule def: "Macromolecule whose sequence is encoded in the genome of living organisms." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000245 ! macromolecule [Term] id: SBO:0000247 name: simple chemical def: "Simple\, non-repetitive chemical entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000248 name: chemical macromolecule def: "Macromolecule whose sequence is not directly encoded in the genome." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000245 ! macromolecule [Term] id: SBO:0000249 name: polysaccharide def: "Macromolecule consisting of a large number of monosaccharide residues linked by glycosidic bonds.\n\nCHEBI\:18154" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000248 ! chemical macromolecule [Term] id: SBO:0000250 name: ribonucleic acid def: "Macromolecule formed by a repetition of ribonucleosides linked by phosphodiester bonds.\n\nCHEBI\:33697" [src_code:NR] synonym: "RNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000246 ! information macromolecule [Term] id: SBO:0000251 name: deoxyribonucleic acid def: "Polymer composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds.\n\nCHEBI\:16991 " [src_code:NR] synonym: "DNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000246 ! information macromolecule [Term] id: SBO:0000252 name: polypeptide chain def: "Naturally occurring macromolecule formed by the repetition of amino-acid residues linked by peptidic bonds. A polypeptide chain is synthesized by the ribosome.\n\nCHEBI\:16541" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000246 ! information macromolecule [Term] id: SBO:0000253 name: non-covalent complex def: "Entity composed of several independant components that are not linked by covalent bonds." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000254 name: electrical resistance def: "Measure of the degree to which an object opposes the passage of an electric current. The SI unit of electrical resistance is the ohm." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000255 name: physical characteristic def: "Parameter characterising a physical system or the environment\, and independent of life's influence." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000256 name: biochemical parameter def: "Parameter that depends on the biochemical properties of a system." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000257 name: conductance def: "Measure of how easily electricity flows along a certain path through an electrical element. The SI derived unit of conductance is the Siemens." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000258 name: capacitance def: "Measure of the amount of electric charge stored (or separated) for a given electric potential. The unit of capacitance id the Farad." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000259 name: voltage def: "Difference of electrical potential between two points of an electrical network\, expressed in volts." [src_code:NR] synonym: "electrical potential difference" [] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000260 name: enzymatic rate law for simple competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by one inhibitor def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by one inhibitor that binds once to the free enzyme and prevents the binding of the substrate. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions. \n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I\n Ks\n Ki\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I\n Ki\n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "simple intersecting linear competitive inhibition of unireactant enzymes" [] is_a: SBO:0000267 ! enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by one inhibitor is_a: SBO:0000270 ! enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by exclusive inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000261 name: inhibitory constant def: "Dissociation constant of a compound from a target of which it inhibits the function. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "inhibition constant" [] synonym: "Ki" [] is_a: SBO:0000282 ! dissociation constant [Term] id: SBO:0000262 name: enzymatic rate law for simple uncompetitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by one inhibitor that binds only to the complex enzyme-substrate and totally prevent the catalysis. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions. \n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I\n Ks\n Ki\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I\n Ki\n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "simple linear uncompetitive inhibition" [] is_a: SBO:0000458 ! enzymatic rate law for simple uncompetitive inhibition of reversible unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000263 name: relative equilibrium constant def: "Ratio of an equilibrium constant in a given condition by the same equilibrium constant is not fullfilled." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000308 ! equilibrium or steady-state characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000264 name: relative inhibition constant def: "Ratio of the dissociation constant of an inhibitor from the complex enzyme-substrate on the dissociation constant of an inhibitor from the free enzyme." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000263 ! relative equilibrium constant [Term] id: SBO:0000265 name: enzymatic rate law for simple mixed-type inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by one inhibitor that can bind to the complex enzyme-substrate and the free enzyme\, possibly with different equilibrium constant\, and totally prevent the catalysis. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I\n Ks\n Ki\n a\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I\n \n \n a\n Ki\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I\n Ki\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "simple intersecting linear mixed-type competitive inhibition" [] is_a: SBO:0000275 ! enzymatic rate law for mixed-type inhibition of irreversible enzymes by mutually exclusive inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000266 name: enzymatic rate law for simple irreversible non-competitive inhibition of unireactant enzymes def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by one inhibitor that can bind to the complex enzyme-substrate and the free enzyme with the same equilibrium constant\, and totally prevent the catalysis.\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I\n Ks\n Ki\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I\n Ki\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I\n Ki\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000442 ! enzymatic rate law for simple reversible non-competitive inhibition of unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000267 name: enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by one inhibitor def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by one inhibitor that can bind one or several times to the free enzyme\, and prevent the binding of the substrate. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n\n\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I\n Ks\n Ki\n n\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n S\n \n \n Ks\n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n I\n Ki\n \n \n n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "multiple competitive inhibition by one inhibitor of unireactant enzymes" [] is_a: SBO:0000273 ! enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by non-exclusive non-cooperative inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000268 name: enzymatic rate law def: "Enzyme kinetics is the study of the rates of chemical reactions that are catalysed by enzymes\, how this rate is controlled\, and how drugs and poisons can inhibit its activity. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000001 ! rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000269 name: enzymatic rate law for unireactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzymes that catalyse the transformation of only one substrate. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000268 ! enzymatic rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000270 name: enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by exclusive inhibitors def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by inhibitors that bind to the free enzyme on the same binding site than the substrate. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions. \n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I\n Ks\n Ki\n n\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n i \n 1 \n n \n \n \n \n \n I\n i \n \n \n \n Ki\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000271 name: enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by two exclusive inhibitors def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by two inhibitors that bind to the free enzyme on the same binding site than the substrate. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions. \n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I1\n I2\n Ks\n Ki1\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I1\n Ki1\n \n \n \n I2\n Ki2\n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000270 ! enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by exclusive inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000272 name: number of inhibitors def: "Number of entities that inhibit a reaction. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000188 ! number of biochemical items [Term] id: SBO:0000273 name: enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by non-exclusive non-cooperative inhibitors def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by inhibitors that bind independently to the free enzyme and preclude the binding of the substrate. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I\n Ks\n Ki\n n\n m\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n i \n 1 \n n \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n \n \n I\n i \n \n \n \n Ki\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n m\n i \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000274 name: enzymatic rate law for simple competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by two non-exclusive\, non-cooperative inhibitors def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by two inhibitors that can bind independently once to the free enzyme and preclude the binding of the substrate. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I1\n I2\n Ks\n Ki1\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I1\n Ki1\n \n \n \n I2\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n \n I1\n I2\n \n \n \n Ki1\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000273 ! enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by non-exclusive non-cooperative inhibitors is_a: SBO:0000379 ! enzymatic rate law for simple competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by two non-exclusive inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000275 name: enzymatic rate law for mixed-type inhibition of irreversible enzymes by mutually exclusive inhibitors def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by inhibitors that can bind to the complex enzyme-substrate and the free enzyme\, possibly with different equilibrium constants\, and totally prevent the catalysis. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions. \n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I\n Ks\n Ki\n a\n n\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n i \n 1 \n n \n \n \n \n \n I\n i \n \n \n \n Ki\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n 1\n \n \n i \n 1 \n n \n \n \n \n \n I\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n a\n i \n \n \n \n Ki\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000276 name: enzymatic rate law for mixed-type inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by two inhibitors def: "Inhibition of unireactant enzymes by two inhibitors that can bind to the complex enzyme-substrate and the free enzyme\, possibly with different equilibrium constant\, and totally prevent the catalysis. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions. \n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I1\n I2\n Ks\n Ki1\n Ki2\n a\n b\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I1\n \n \n a\n Ki1\n \n \n \n \n I2\n \n \n b\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I1\n Ki1\n \n \n \n I2\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000275 ! enzymatic rate law for mixed-type inhibition of irreversible enzymes by mutually exclusive inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000277 name: enzymatic rate law for non-competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by two exclusively binding inhibitors def: "Inhibition of unireactant enzymes by two inhibitors that can bind to the complex enzyme-substrate and the free enzyme with the same equilibrium constant and totally prevent the catalysis. \n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I1\n I2\n Ks\n Ki1\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I1\n Ki1\n \n \n \n I2\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I1\n Ki1\n \n \n \n I2\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000276 ! enzymatic rate law for mixed-type inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by two inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000278 name: messenger RNA def: "A messenger RNA is a ribonucleic acid synthesized during the transcription of a gene\, and that carries the information to encode one or several proteins." [src_code:NR] synonym: "mRNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000404 ! unit of genetic information [Term] id: SBO:0000279 name: pressure def: "Pressure (symbol\: p) is the force per unit area applied on a surface in a direction perpendicular to that surface. The unit of pressure is the Pascal (Pa)\, that is equal to 1 Newton per square meter." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000280 name: ligand def: "In biochemistry\, a ligand is an effector\, a physical entity that binds to a site on a receptor's surface by intermolecular forces." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000281 name: equilibrium constant def: "Quantity characterizing a chemical equilibrium in a chemical reaction\, which is a useful tool to determine the concentration of various reactants or products in a system where chemical equilibrium occurs." [src_code:NR] synonym: "Keq" [] is_a: SBO:0000193 ! equilibrium or steady-state constant [Term] id: SBO:0000282 name: dissociation constant def: "Equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components\, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules\, or when a salt splits up into its component ions. The dissociation constant is usually denoted Kd and is the inverse of the affinity constant.\n \n koff\n Kon\n \n \n koff\n Kon\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "Kd" [] is_a: SBO:0000281 ! equilibrium constant is_a: SBO:0000309 ! dissociation characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000283 name: acid dissociation constant def: "Equilibrium constant that indicates the extent of dissociation of hydrogen ions from an acid. The equilibrium is that of a proton transfer from an acid\, HA\, to water\, H2O. The term for the concentration of water\, \[H2O\]\, is omitted from the general equilibrium constant expression. Ka=(\[H3O+\]*\[A-\])/(HA)" [src_code:NR] synonym: "Ka" [] is_a: SBO:0000282 ! dissociation constant is_a: SBO:0000310 ! acid dissociation characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000284 name: transporter def: "Participating entity that facilitates the movement of another physical entity from a defined subset of the physical environment (for instance a cellular compartment) to another. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000285 name: material entity of unspecified nature def: "Material entity whose nature is unknown or irrelevant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000286 name: multimer def: "Non-covalent association of identical\, or pseudo-identical\, entities. By pseudo-identical entities\, we mean biochemical elements that differ chemically\, although remaining globally identical in structure and/or function. Examples are homologous subunits in an hetero-oligomeric receptor." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000253 ! non-covalent complex [Term] id: SBO:0000287 name: EC50 def: "Concentration of an active compound at which 50% of its maximal effect is observed. The EC50 is not a pure characteristic of the compound but depends on the conditions or the measurement." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000193 ! equilibrium or steady-state constant [Term] id: SBO:0000288 name: IC50 def: "Also called half maximal inhibitory concentration\, it represents the concentration of an inhibitor substance that is required to suppress 50% of an effect. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000193 ! equilibrium or steady-state constant [Term] id: SBO:0000289 name: functional compartment def: "Logical or physical subset of the event space that contains pools\, that is sets of participants considered identical when it comes to the event they are involved into. A compartment can have any number of dimensions\, including 0\, and be of any size including null." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000003 ! participant role [Term] id: SBO:0000290 name: physical compartment def: "Specific location of space\, that can be bounded or not. A physical compartment can have 1\, 2 or 3 dimensions." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000291 name: empty set def: "Entity defined by the absence of any actual object. An empty set is often used to represent the source of a creation process or the result of a degradation process. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000292 name: spatial continuous framework def: "Modelling approach where the quantities of participants are considered continuous\, and represented by real values. The associated simulation methods make use of differential equations. The models take into account the distribution of the entities and describe the spatial fluxes. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000062 ! continuous framework [Term] id: SBO:0000293 name: non-spatial continuous framework def: "Modelling approach where the quantities of participants are considered continuous\, and represented by real values. The associated simulation methods make use of differential equations. The models do not take into account the distribution of the entities and describe only the temporal fluxes. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000062 ! continuous framework [Term] id: SBO:0000294 name: spatial discrete framework def: "Modelling approach where the quantities of participants are considered discrete\, and represented by integer values. The associated simulation methods can be deterministic or stochastic. The models take into account the distribution of the entities and describe the spatial fluxes. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000063 ! discrete framework [Term] id: SBO:0000295 name: non-spatial discrete framework def: "Modelling approach where the quantities of participants are considered discrete\, and represented by integer values. The associated simulation methods can be deterministic or stochastic.The models do not take into account the distribution of the entities and describe only the temporal fluxes. \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000063 ! discrete framework [Term] id: SBO:0000296 name: macromolecular complex def: "Non-covalent complex of one or more macromolecules and zero or more simple chemicals." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000253 ! non-covalent complex [Term] id: SBO:0000297 name: protein complex def: "Macromolecular complex containing one or more polypeptide chains possibly associated with simple chemicals.\n\nCHEBI\:36080" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000296 ! macromolecular complex [Term] id: SBO:0000298 name: synthetic chemical compound def: "Chemical entity that is engineered by a human-designed process ex-vivo rather than a produced by a living entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000299 name: metabolite def: "Substance produced by metabolism or by a metabolic process." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000300 name: total concentration of enzyme def: "Total amount of enzyme catalysing a reaction\, divided by the volume of reaction. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "Et" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000301 name: total catalytic efficiency def: "Constant representing the actual efficiency of an enzyme at a given concentration\, taking into account its microscopic catalytic activity and the rates of substrate binding and dissociation.\n\nNB. The symbol Vmax and the names maximum rate and maximum velocity are in widespread use although under normal circumstances there is no finite substrate concentration at which v = V and hence no maximum in the mathematical sense (Eur. J. Biochem. 128\:281-291).\n \n Vmax\n Km\n \n \n Vmax\n Km\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000035 ! forward unimolecular rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000302 name: catalytic efficiency def: "Constant representing the actual efficiency of an enzyme\, taking into account its microscopic catalytic activity and the rates of substrate binding and dissociation.\n \n kcat\n Km\n \n \n kcat\n Km\n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000036 ! forward bimolecular rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000303 name: biochemical potential def: "Derivative of a biochemical energy per a substance." [src_code:NR] synonym: "chemical potential" [] is_a: SBO:0000308 ! equilibrium or steady-state characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000304 name: pH def: "Negative logarithm (base 10) of the activity of hydrogen in a solution. Ina diluted solution\, this activity is equal to the concentration of protons (in fact of ions H3O+). The pH is proportional to the chemical potential of hydrogen\, by the relation\: pH = -µH ÷ 2.3RT. (with µH=-RTln\[H+\])." [src_code:NR] synonym: "potential of hydrogen" [] is_a: SBO:0000303 ! biochemical potential [Term] id: SBO:0000305 name: pOH def: "Negative logarithm (base 10) of the activity of hydroxyde in a solution. In a diluted solution\, this activity is equal to the concentration of ions HO-." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000303 ! biochemical potential [Term] id: SBO:0000306 name: pK def: "negative logarithm (base 10) of a dissociation constant.\n \n K\n \n \n \n \n K\n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "dissociation potential" [] is_a: SBO:0000303 ! biochemical potential is_a: SBO:0000309 ! dissociation characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000307 name: pKa def: "negative logarithm (base 10) of an acid dissociation constant.\n \n Ka\n \n \n \n \n Ka\n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "potential of acid" [] is_a: SBO:0000306 ! pK is_a: SBO:0000310 ! acid dissociation characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000308 name: equilibrium or steady-state characteristic def: "Quantitative parameter that characterises a biochemical equilibrium. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000309 name: dissociation characteristic def: "Quantitative parameter that characterises a dissociation. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000308 ! equilibrium or steady-state characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000310 name: acid dissociation characteristic def: "Quantitative parameter that characterises an acid-base reaction." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000309 ! dissociation characteristic [Term] id: SBO:0000311 name: heterogeneous nuclear RNA def: "Incompletely processed single strand of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)\, synthesized from a DNA template in the nucleus of a cell by transcription and containing copies of the introns and exons of a gene." [src_code:NR] synonym: "pre-mRNA" [] synonym: "Precursor mRNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000278 ! messenger RNA [Term] id: SBO:0000312 name: mature messenger RNA def: "Completely processed single strand of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)\, synthesized from a DNA template in the nucleus of a cell by transcription and containing copies of only the exons of a gene." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000278 ! messenger RNA [Term] id: SBO:0000313 name: transfer RNA def: "Small RNA chain (73-93 nucleotides) that transfers a specific amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation. It has a site for amino acid attachment and a three-base region called the anticodon that recognizes the corresponding three-base codon region on mRNA via complementary base pairing. Each type of tRNA molecule can be attached to only one type of amino acid\, but because the genetic code is degenerate - that is\, it contains multiple codons that specify the same amino acid - multiple types of tRNA molecules bearing different anticodons may carry the same amino acid." [src_code:NR] synonym: "tRNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000334 ! non-coding RNA [Term] id: SBO:0000314 name: ribosomal RNA def: "Type of RNA that is the central component of the ribosome\, the protein manufacturing machinery of all living cells." [src_code:NR] synonym: "rRNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000334 ! non-coding RNA [Term] id: SBO:0000315 name: ribozyme def: "RNA molecule that catalyzes a chemical reaction." [src_code:NR] synonym: "ribonucleic acid enzyme" [] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000316 name: microRNA def: "Single-stranded RNA molecules thought to regulate the expression of other genes. miRNAs are encoded by genes that are transcribed from DNA but not translated into protein (non-coding RNA)." [src_code:NR] synonym: "miRNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000334 ! non-coding RNA [Term] id: SBO:0000317 name: small interfering RNA def: "siRNA are 20-25 nucleotide-long double-stranded RNA molecules involved in the regulation of the expression of specific genes\, antiviral mechanisms\, shaping the chromatin structure of a genome etc. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "siRNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000318 name: small nuclear RNA def: "Small RNA molecules that are found within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. They are involved in a variety of important processes such as RNA splicing (removal of introns from heterogeneous nuclear RNA)\, regulation of transcription factors or RNA polymerase II and maintaining the telomeres. They are always associated with specific proteins\, and the complexes are referred to as small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNP)." [src_code:NR] synonym: "snRNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000334 ! non-coding RNA [Term] id: SBO:0000319 name: small nucleolar RNA def: "Small RNA molecules that guide chemical modifications (methylation or pseudouridylation) of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and other RNA genes. They are frequently encoded in the introns of ribosomal proteins and are synthesized by RNA polymerase II\, but can also be transcribed as independent (sometimes polycistronic) transcriptional units. snoRNAs are a component in the small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP)\, which contains snoRNA and proteins. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "snoRNA" [] is_a: SBO:0000334 ! non-coding RNA [Term] id: SBO:0000320 name: product catalytic rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of product creation by a reversible enzymatic reaction. \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "kcatp" [] is_a: SBO:0000025 ! catalytic rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000321 name: substrate catalytic rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the velocity of substrate creation by a reversible enzymatic reaction. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "kcats" [] is_a: SBO:0000025 ! catalytic rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000322 name: Michaelis constant for substrate def: "Substrate concentration at which the velocity of product production by the forward activity of a reversible enzyme is half its maximum. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "Kms" [] is_a: SBO:0000027 ! Michaelis constant [Term] id: SBO:0000323 name: Michaelis constant for product def: "Product concentration at which the velocity of substrate production by the reverse activity of a reversible enzyme is half its maximum. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "Kmp" [] is_a: SBO:0000027 ! Michaelis constant [Term] id: SBO:0000324 name: forward maximal velocity def: "Limiting maximal velocity of the forward reaction of a reversible enzyme\, reached when the substrate is in large excess and all the enzyme is complexed.\n \n Et\n kcatp\n \n \n Et\n kcatp\n \n \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "Vmaxf" [] is_a: SBO:0000186 ! maximal velocity is_a: SBO:0000350 ! forward reaction velocity [Term] id: SBO:0000325 name: reverse maximal velocity def: "Limiting maximal velocity of the reverse reaction of a reversible enzyme\, reached when the product is in large excess and all the enzyme is complexed.\n \n Et\n kcats\n \n \n Et\n kcats\n \n \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "Vmaxr" [] is_a: SBO:0000186 ! maximal velocity is_a: SBO:0000353 ! reverse reaction velocity [Term] id: SBO:0000326 name: enzymatic rate law for non-modulated unireactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzymes that react only with one substance\, their substrate\, and are not modulated by other compounds." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000269 ! enzymatic rate law for unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000327 name: non-macromolecular ion def: "Chemical entity having a net electric charge." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000247 ! simple chemical [Term] id: SBO:0000328 name: non-macromolecular radical def: "chemical entity possessing an unpaired electron." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000247 ! simple chemical [Term] id: SBO:0000329 name: transcription start site def: "First nucleotide of a gene that is copied in the transcribed RNA.\n\nSequence Ontology SO\:0000315" [src_code:NR] synonym: "TSS" [] is_a: SBO:0000404 ! unit of genetic information [Term] id: SBO:0000330 name: dephosphorylation def: "Removal of a phosphate group (-H2PO4) from a chemical entity. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000211 ! removal of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000331 name: half-life def: "Time interval over which a quantified entity is reduced to half its original value." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant is_a: SBO:0000346 ! temporal measure [Term] id: SBO:0000332 name: half-life of an exponential decay def: "Time taken by a quantity decreasing according to a mono-exponential decay to be divided by two. Sometimes called t1/2.\n \n l\n \n \n \n \n 2\n \n l\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000331 ! half-life [Term] id: SBO:0000333 name: monoexponential decay rate law def: "Monotonic decrease of a quantity proportionally to its value.\n\n \n l\n R\n \n \n R\n l\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000049 ! mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000334 name: non-coding RNA def: "RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. \n\nSequence Ontology SO\:0000655" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000404 ! unit of genetic information [Term] id: SBO:0000335 name: gene coding region def: "Portion of DNA or RNA that is transcribed into another RNA\, such as a messenger RNA or a non-coding RNA (for instance a transfert RNA or a ribosomal RNA)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000404 ! unit of genetic information [Term] id: SBO:0000336 name: interactor def: "Entity participating in a physical or functional interaction." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000010 ! reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000337 name: association constant def: "Equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of two objects to assemble (associate) reversibly into a larger component. The association constant is usually denoted Ka and is the inverse of the dissociation constant. \n \n koff\n Kon\n \n \n kon\n Koff\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "affinity constant" [] synonym: "Ka" [] is_a: SBO:0000281 ! equilibrium constant [Term] id: SBO:0000338 name: dissociation rate constant def: "Rate with which a complex dissociates into its components." [src_code:NR] synonym: "kd" [] is_a: SBO:0000035 ! forward unimolecular rate constant\, continuous case is_a: SBO:0000038 ! reverse unimolecular rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000339 name: bimolecular association rate constant def: "Rate with which two components associate into a complex." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000036 ! forward bimolecular rate constant\, continuous case is_a: SBO:0000341 ! association rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000340 name: trimolecular association rate constant def: "Rate with which three components associate into a complex." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000037 ! forward trimolecular rate constant\, continuous case is_a: SBO:0000341 ! association rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000341 name: association rate constant def: "Rate with which components associate into a complex." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000154 ! forward rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000342 name: molecular or genetic interaction def: "Mutual or reciprocal action or influence between molecular entities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000343 name: genetic interaction def: "A phenomenon whereby an observed phenotype\, qualitative or quantative\, is not explainable by the simple additive effects of the individual gene pertubations alone. Genetic interaction between perturbed genes is usually expected to generate a 'defective' phenotype. The level of defectiveness is often used to sub-classify this phenomenon.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000342 ! molecular or genetic interaction [Term] id: SBO:0000344 name: molecular interaction def: "Relationship between molecular entities\, based on contacts\, direct or indirect. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000342 ! molecular or genetic interaction [Term] id: SBO:0000345 name: time def: "Fundmental quantity of the measuring system used to sequence events\, to compare the durations of events and the intervals between them\, and to quantify the motions or the transformation of entities. The SI base unit for time is the SI second. The second is the duration of\n9\,192\,631\,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition\nbetween the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133\natom." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000346 name: temporal measure def: "Fundamental quantity of the measuring system used to sequence events\, to compare the durations of events and the intervals between them\, and to quantify the motions or the transformation of entities. The SI base unit for time is the SI second. The second is the duration of 9\,192\,631\,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000347 name: duration def: "Amount of time during which an event persists." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000346 ! temporal measure [Term] id: SBO:0000348 name: exponential time constant def: "Time that it takes for an exponential decay to reach 1/e (about 37%) of the original value. This characterises the frequency response of a first-order\, linear time-invariant system. This is also the average lifetime of an element in the decaying set. It is the inverse of the exponential decay constant. \n \n l\n \n \n 1\n l\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "mean lifetime" [] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant is_a: SBO:0000346 ! temporal measure [Term] id: SBO:0000349 name: inactivation rate constant def: "Kinetic constant describing the rate of an irreversible enzyme inactivation\nby decay of the active enzyme into its inactive form." [src_code:NR] synonym: "kinact" [] is_a: SBO:0000035 ! forward unimolecular rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000350 name: forward reaction velocity def: "The speed of an enzymatic reaction at a defined concentration of substrate(s) and enzyme." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000048 ! forward zeroth order rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000352 name: reverse zeroth order rate constant def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction independant of the reactant quantities. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000046 ! zeroth order rate constant is_a: SBO:0000156 ! reverse rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000353 name: reverse reaction velocity def: "The speed of an enzymatic reaction at a defined concentration of substrate(s) and enzyme. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000352 ! reverse zeroth order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000354 name: informational molecule segment def: "Fragment of a macromolecule that carries genetic information." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000355 name: conservation law def: "Mathematical expression stating that a quantity is conserved in a system\, whatever happens within the boundaries of that system. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000064 ! mathematical expression [Term] id: SBO:0000356 name: decay constant def: "Kinetic constant characterising a mono-exponential decay. It is the inverse of the mean lifetime of the continuant being decayed. Its unit is \"per time\". \n \n t\n \n \n 1\n t\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000035 ! forward unimolecular rate constant\, continuous case [Term] id: SBO:0000357 name: biological effect of a perturbation def: "Biochemical networks can be affected by external influences. Those influences can be well-defined physical perturbations\, such as a light pulse\, or a change in temperature but also more complex of not well defined phenomena\, for instance a biological process\, an experimental setup\, or a mutation." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000358 name: phenotype def: "A biochemical network can generate phenotypes or affects biological processes. Such processes can take place at different levels and are independent of the biochemical network itself.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000359 name: mass conservation law def: "A chemical moiety that exists under different forms but is not created nor destroyed in a biochemical system. In any given system such a conserved moiety is characterized by a finite number of particles that exist in the system and is invariant.\n\n \n a\n n\n S\n \n \n i \n 0 \n n \n \n \n \n \n a\n i \n \n \n \n S\n i \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000355 ! conservation law [Term] id: SBO:0000360 name: quantity of an entity pool def: "The enumeration of co-localised\, identical biochemical entities of a specific state\, which constitute a pool. The form of enumeration may be purely numerical\, or may be given in relation to another dimension such as length or volume." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000361 name: amount of an entity pool def: "A numerical measure of the quantity\, or of some property\, of the entities that constitute the entity pool. \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000360 ! quantity of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000362 name: concentration conservation law def: "If all forms of a moiety exist in a single compartment and the size of that compartment is fixed then the Mass Conservation is also a Concentration Conservation.\n\n\n \n a\n n\n S\n \n \n i \n 0 \n n \n \n \n \n \n a\n i \n \n \n \n S\n i \n \n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000359 ! mass conservation law [Term] id: SBO:0000363 name: activation constant def: "Dissociation constant of a potentiator (activator) from a target (e.g. an\nenzyme) of which it activates the function." [src_code:NR] synonym: "Kx" [] is_a: SBO:0000282 ! dissociation constant [Term] id: SBO:0000364 name: multimer cardinality def: "Number of monomers composing a multimeric entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000188 ! number of biochemical items [Term] id: SBO:0000365 name: forward non-integral order rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction where reactants have non-integral orders. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants.It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000154 ! forward rate constant\, continuous case is_a: SBO:0000160 ! forward non-integral order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000366 name: forward non-integral order rate constant\, discrete case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction where reactants have non-integral orders. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000155 ! forward rate constant\, discrete case is_a: SBO:0000160 ! forward non-integral order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000367 name: reverse non-integral order rate constant\, discrete case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction where products have non-integral orders. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the products. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000161 ! reverse non-integral order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000368 name: reverse non-integral order rate constant\, continuous case def: "Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction where products have non-integral orders. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the products. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000161 ! reverse non-integral order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000369 name: gene regulatory region def: "Region of a gene that is involved in the modulation of the expression of the gene. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000404 ! unit of genetic information [Term] id: SBO:0000370 name: Michaelis constant in non-equilibrium situation def: "Michaelis constant derived or experimentally measured under non-equilibrium conditions." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000027 ! Michaelis constant [Term] id: SBO:0000371 name: Michaelis constant in quasi-steady state situation def: "Michaelis constant derived using a steady-state assumption for enzyme-substrate and enzyme-product intermediates. For example see Briggs-Haldane equation (SBO\:0000031)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000370 ! Michaelis constant in non-equilibrium situation [Term] id: SBO:0000372 name: Michaelis constant in irreversible situation def: "Michaelis constant derived assuming enzyme-substrate and enzyme-product intermediates are formed in consecutive irreversible reactions. The constant K is the ratio of the forward rate constants. For example see Van Slyke-Cullen equation (SBO\:0000030)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000370 ! Michaelis constant in non-equilibrium situation [Term] id: SBO:0000373 name: Michaelis constant in fast equilibrium situation def: "Michaelis constant as determined in a reaction where the formation of the enzyme-substrate complex occurs at a much faster rate than subsequent steps\, and so are assumed to be in a quasi-equilibrium situation. K is equivalent to an equilibrium constant. For example see Henri-Michaelis-Menten equation (SBO\:0000029)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000027 ! Michaelis constant [Term] id: SBO:0000374 name: relationship def: "connectedness between entities and/or interactions representing their relatedness or influence." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000231 ! occurring entity representation [Term] id: SBO:0000375 name: process def: "A sequential series of actions\, motions\, or occurrences\, such as chemical reactions\, that affect one or more entities in a phenomenologically characteristic manner." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000231 ! occurring entity representation [Term] id: SBO:0000376 name: hydrolysis def: "Decomposition of a compound by reaction with water\, where the hydroxyl and H groups are incorporated into different products" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000377 name: isomerisation def: "A reaction in which the principal reactant and principal product are isomers of each other" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000176 ! biochemical reaction [Term] id: SBO:0000378 name: enzymatic rate law for inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by competing substrates def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by competing substrates (Sa) that bind to the free enzyme on the same binding site. The enzyme does not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n Sa\n Ks\n Ksa\n n\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n i \n 1 \n n \n \n \n \n \n Sa\n i \n \n \n \n Ksa\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n\n\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000270 ! enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by exclusive inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000379 name: enzymatic rate law for simple competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by two non-exclusive inhibitors def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by two inhibitors that can bind once to the free enzyme and preclude the binding of the substrate. Binding of one inhibitor may affect binding of the other\, or not. The enzymes do not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n I1\n I2\n a\n Ks\n Ki1\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n I1\n Ki1\n \n \n \n I2\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n \n I1\n I2\n \n \n \n a \n Ki1\n Ki2\n \n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000380 name: biochemical coefficient def: "number used as a multiplicative or exponential factor for quantities\, expressions or functions" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000381 name: biochemical proportionality coefficient def: "A multiplicative factor for quantities\, expressions or functions " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000380 ! biochemical coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000382 name: biochemical exponential coefficient def: "number used as an exponential factor for quantities\, expressions or functions " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000380 ! biochemical coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000383 name: biochemical cooperative inhibition coefficient def: "The coefficient used to quantify the effect on inhibition constants of multiple inhibitors binding non-exclusively to the enzyme." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000381 ! biochemical proportionality coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000384 name: biochemical inhibitory proportionality coefficient def: "Coefficient that quantifies the effect on inhibition constants of either binding of multiple substrates or inhibitors." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000381 ! biochemical proportionality coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000385 name: biochemical cooperative inhibitor substrate coefficient def: "The coefficient that describes the proportional change of Ks or Ki when inhibitor or substrate is bound\, respectively\, to the enzyme." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000381 ! biochemical proportionality coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000386 name: enzymatic rate law for inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by single competing substrate def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by a competing substrate (Sa) that binds to the free enzyme on the same binding site. The enzyme does not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n Sa\n Ks\n Ksa\n n\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n Sa\n Ksa\n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n\n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000378 ! enzymatic rate law for inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by competing substrates [Term] id: SBO:0000387 name: enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzyme by product def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by a competing product (P) that binds to the free enzyme on the same binding site. The enzyme does not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n\n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n P\n Ks\n Kp\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n P\n Kp\n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n\n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000270 ! enzymatic rate law for competitive inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by exclusive inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000388 name: enzymatic rate law for inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by single competing substrate with product inhibition def: "Inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by a competing substrate (Sa) that binds to the free enzyme on the same binding site\, and competitive inhibition by a product (P) and an alternative product (Pa). The enzyme does not catalyse the reactions in both directions.\n \n\n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n Sa\n Ks\n Ksa\n Kp\n Kpa\n P\n Pa\n n\n \n \n \n \n kcat\n Et\n S\n \n \n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n 1\n \n \n Sa\n Ksa\n \n \n \n P\n Kpa\n \n \n \n Pa\n Kpa\n \n \n \n S\n \n \n \n\n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000378 ! enzymatic rate law for inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes by competing substrates [Term] id: SBO:0000389 name: switch value def: "A parameter value taken by a switch\, which has a discrete set of values which can be alternated or switched between." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000390 name: boolean switch def: "A parameter that has precisely two discrete values which may be switched between. Usually for the boolean parameter these are indicated as '0 or 1' or 'True or False'." [src_code:NR] synonym: "binary switch" [] is_a: SBO:0000389 ! switch value [Term] id: SBO:0000391 name: steady state expression def: "A mathematical expression that describes a steady state situation" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000064 ! mathematical expression [Term] id: SBO:0000392 name: equivalence def: "Term to signify those material or conceptual entities that are identical in some respect within a frame of reference" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000374 ! relationship [Term] id: SBO:0000393 name: production def: "A process that leads to the generation of a material or conceptual entity. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000168 ! control [Term] id: SBO:0000394 name: consumption def: "A process that consumes a material or conceptual entity. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000168 ! control [Term] id: SBO:0000395 name: encapsulating process def: "An aggregation of interactions and entities into a single process." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000396 name: uncertain process def: "An equivocal or conjectural process\, whose existence is assumed but not proven." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000397 name: omitted process def: "One or more processes that are not represented in certain representations or interpretations of a model." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000398 name: logical relationship def: "Relationship between entities (material or conceptual) and logical operators\, or between logical operators themselves. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000374 ! relationship [Term] id: SBO:0000399 name: decarboxylation def: "A process in which a carboxyl group (COOH) is removed from a molecule as carbon dioxide." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000211 ! removal of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000400 name: decarbonylation def: "Removal of a carbonyl group (-C-O-) from a molecule\, usually as carbon monoxide" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000211 ! removal of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000401 name: deamination def: "Removal of an amine group from a molecule\, often under the addition of water" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000211 ! removal of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000402 name: transfer of a chemical group def: "Covalent reaction that results in the transfer of a chemical group from one molecule to another." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000182 ! conversion [Term] id: SBO:0000403 name: transamination def: "The transfer of an amino group between two molecules. Commonly in biology this is restricted to reactions between an amino acid and an alpha-keto carbonic acid\, whereby the reacting amino acid is converted into an alpha-keto acid\, and the alpha-keto acid reactant into an amino acid." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000402 ! transfer of a chemical group [Term] id: SBO:0000404 name: unit of genetic information def: "Functional entity associated with or derived from a unit of inheritance." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000405 name: perturbing agent def: "A material entity that is responsible for a perturbing effect" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000406 name: observable def: "An entity that can be measured quantitatively" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000240 ! material entity [Term] id: SBO:0000407 name: absolute inhibition def: "Control that precludes the execution of a process." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000169 ! inhibition [Term] id: SBO:0000408 name: biological activity def: "Effect of a biological entity on biological structures or processes." [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000409 name: interaction outcome def: "Entity that results from the interaction between other entities." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000236 ! physical entity representation [Term] id: SBO:0000410 name: implicit compartment def: "A compartment whose existence is inferred due to the presence of known material entities which must be bounded\, allowing the creation of material entity pools." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000290 ! physical compartment [Term] id: SBO:0000411 name: absolute stimulation def: "Control that always triggers the controlled process." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000170 ! stimulation [Term] id: SBO:0000412 name: biological activity def: "The potential action that a biological entity has on other entities. Example are enzymatic activity\, binding activity etc." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000231 ! occurring entity representation [Term] id: SBO:0000413 name: positional relationship def: "The connectedness between entities as related by their position\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000374 ! relationship [Term] id: SBO:0000414 name: cis def: "Positional relationship between entities on the same strand (e.g. in DNA)\, or on the same side.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000413 ! positional relationship [Term] id: SBO:0000415 name: trans def: "Positional relationship between entities on different sides\, or strands" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000413 ! positional relationship [Term] id: SBO:0000416 name: true def: "One of the two values possible from a boolean switch\, which equates to '1'\, 'on' or 'input'." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000390 ! boolean switch [Term] id: SBO:0000417 name: false def: "One of the two values possible from a boolean switch\, which equates to '0'\, 'off' or 'no input'." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000390 ! boolean switch [Term] id: SBO:0000418 name: multimer of complexes def: "Non-covalent association between several independant complexes" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000286 ! multimer [Term] id: SBO:0000419 name: multimer of informational molecule segment def: "Non-covalent association between portions of macromolecules that carry genetic information" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000286 ! multimer [Term] id: SBO:0000420 name: multimer of macromolecules def: "Non-covalent association between several macromolecules" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000286 ! multimer is_a: SBO:0000296 ! macromolecular complex [Term] id: SBO:0000421 name: multimer of simple chemicals def: "Non-covalent association between several simple chemicals" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000286 ! multimer [Term] id: SBO:0000422 name: isoinhibition constant def: "Inhibitory constant for the binding of a given ligand with an isomeric form of an enzyme.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000261 ! inhibitory constant [Term] id: SBO:0000423 name: pseudo-dissociation constant for product def: "In reversible reactions this is the concentration of product that is required to achieve half activation or inhibition in Hill-type kinetics\, in the absence of the substrate. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000194 ! pseudo-dissociation constant [Term] id: SBO:0000424 name: pseudo-dissociation constant for substrate def: "In reversible reactions this is the concentration of substrate that is required to achieve half activation or inhibition in Hill-type kinetics\, in the absence of the product. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000194 ! pseudo-dissociation constant [Term] id: SBO:0000425 name: reversible Hill-type enzymatic rate law def: "Reversible Hill-type kinetics represents the situation where a single substrate and product bind cooperatively and reversibly to the enzyme. Co-operativity is seen if the Hill coefficient (h) is greater than 1\, indicating that the binding of one substrate (or product) molecule facilitates the binding of the next. The opposite effect is evident with a coefficient less than 1. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000268 ! enzymatic rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000426 name: modulated reversible Hill-type rate law def: "Reversible Hill-type kinetics in the presence of at least one modifier whose binding is affected by the presence of the substrate or product." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000425 ! reversible Hill-type enzymatic rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000427 name: modulated reversible Hill-type rate law with one modifier def: "The modifier can be either an activator or inhibitor depending on the value of alpha (activator for values larger than 1\, inhibitor for values smaller than 1\, no effect if exactly 1). This reflects the effect of the presence of substrate and product on the binding of the modifier. The equation\, derived by Hofmeyr and Cornish-Bowden (Comput. Appl. Biosci. 13\, 377 - 385 (1997) \n \n \n \n substrate\n \n \n \n product\n \n \n \n Modifier\n \n \n \n Keq\n \n \n \n Vf\n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n \n Kp\n \n \n \n h\n \n \n \n Mhalf\n \n \n \n alpha\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Ks \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n product \n \n \n substrate \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ks \n \n \n \n product \n Kp \n \n \n \n \n h \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n Modifier \n Mhalf \n \n h \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n alpha \n \n \n \n \n Modifier \n Mhalf \n \n h \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ks \n \n \n \n product \n Kp \n \n \n h \n \n \n \n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000426 ! modulated reversible Hill-type rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000428 name: modulated reversible Hill-type rate law with two modifiers def: "The modifiers can be either activators or inhibitors depending on the values of and alpha (activators for values larger than 1\, inhibitors for values smaller than 1\, no effect if exactly 1). The assumption is that the binding of one modifier affects the binding of the second. Modifiers are assumed to bind at different sites. The synergetic effects of the two modifiers depend on the parameter alpha (if unity then they are independent\, if zero they compete for the same binding site). and reflect the effect of the presence of substrate and product on the binding of modifier A or modifier B. alphaA and alphaB factors account for the effect of substrate and product binding on the binding of modifier A and modifier B respectively. alphaAB accounts for the interaction of the modifiers on each others binding.\n (if < 1 Ma is inhibitor\, if > 1 activator)\nalpha_2 \t\: factor accounting for the effect of S and P on the binding of Mb\n (if < 1 Mb is inhibitor\, if > 1 activator)\nalpha_3 \t\: factor accounting for interaction of Ma to Mb binding to the enzyme (and v. v.).\n \n \n \n substrate\n \n \n product\n \n \n ModifierA\n \n \n ModifierB\n \n \n Keq\n \n \n Vf\n \n \n Shalve\n \n \n Phalve\n \n \n h\n \n \n MAhalf\n \n \n alphaA\n \n \n MBhalf\n \n \n alphaB\n \n \n alphaAB\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf\n substrate\n \n Ks\n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n product\n \n \n substrate\n Keq\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate\n Ks\n \n \n \n product\n Kp\n \n \n \n \n h\n 1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n \n \n ModifierA\n MAhalf\n \n h\n \n \n \n \n \n ModifierB\n MBhalf\n \n h\n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n \n alphaA\n \n \n \n \n ModifierA\n MAhalf\n \n h\n \n \n \n \n alphaB\n \n \n \n \n ModifierB\n MBhalf\n \n h\n \n \n \n \n alphaA\n alphaB\n alphaAB\n \n \n \n \n ModifierA\n MAhalf\n \n h\n \n \n \n \n \n ModifierB\n MBhalf\n \n h\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate\n Ks\n \n \n \n product\n Kp\n \n \n h\n \n \n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000426 ! modulated reversible Hill-type rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000429 name: enzymatic rate law for multireactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzyme-catalysed reactions with 2 or more substrates or products\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000268 ! enzymatic rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000430 name: enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes def: "Kinetics of enzymes that react with one substance\, and whose activity may be positively or negatively modulated." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000269 ! enzymatic rate law for unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000431 name: unmodulated reversible Hill-type rate law def: "Reversible equivalent of Hill kinetics\, where substrate and product bind co-operatively to the enzyme. A Hill coefficient (h) of greater than 1 indicates positive co-operativity between substrate and product\, while h values below 1 indicate negative co-operativity. \n \n \n \n \n substrate\n \n \n \n product\n \n \n \n Keq\n \n \n \n Vf\n \n \n \n Ks\n \n \n \n Kp\n \n \n \n h\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Ks\n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n product \n \n \n substrate \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ks\n \n \n \n product \n Kp \n \n \n \n \n h \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ks\n \n \n \n product \n Kp \n \n \n h \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000425 ! reversible Hill-type enzymatic rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000432 name: irreversible Michaelis Menten rate law for two substrates def: "Enzymatic rate law for an irreversible reaction involving two substrates and one product. \n\t\n \n \n A \n \n \n B \n \n \n KmA \n \n \n KmB \n \n \n KiA \n \n \n Et \n \n \n kcat \n \n\t \n\t \n\t \n\t\t\n\t\t Et \n\t\t kcat \n\t\t A \n\t\t B \n\t \n\t \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t \n\t\t KiA \n\t\t KmB \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t \n\t\t KmB \n\t\t A \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t \n\t\t KmA \n\t\t B \n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t \n\t\t A \n\t\t B \n\t\t\n\t \n\t \n \n\t\n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000429 ! enzymatic rate law for multireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000433 name: Ordered Bi-Bi mechanism rate law def: "Enzymatic rate law for a reaction involving two substrates and two products. The products P and then Q are released strictly in order\, while the substrates are bound strictly in the order A and then B. \n \n \n \n Sa\n \n \n Sb\n \n \n Pp\n \n \n Pq\n \n \n Keq \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Kma \n \n \n Kmb \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Kmq \n \n \n Kia \n \n \n Kib \n \n \n Kip \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n \n \n Sa\n Sb\n \n \n \n \n \n Pp\n Pq\n \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sa\n Sb\n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Pp\n Kip \n \n \n \n \n \n Kma \n Sb\n \n \n \n Kmb \n \n \n Sa\n Kia \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Kmq \n Pp\n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Sa\n Kia \n \n \n \n \n \n Pq\n \n \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n Kma \n Sb\n \n \n \n Kia \n Kmb \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Pp\n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Sb\n Kib \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000429 ! enzymatic rate law for multireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000434 name: Ordered Bi-Uni mechanism rate law def: "Enzymatic rate for a reaction involving two substrates and one product. The substrates A and then B are bound strictly in order. \n \t\n \n \n Sa\n \n \n Sb\n \n \n P\n \n \n Kma \n \n \n Kmb \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Kia \n \n \n Keq \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n \n \n Sa\n Sb\n \n \n \n P\n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sa\n Sb\n \n \n \n Kma \n Sb\n \n \n \n Kmb \n Sa\n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n P\n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Sa\n Kia \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000429 ! enzymatic rate law for multireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000435 name: Ordered Uni-Bi mechanism rate law def: "Enzymatic rate law for a reaction with one substrate and two products. The products P and then Q are released in the strict order P and then Q. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n productp \n \n \n productq \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmq \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Kip \n \n \n Keq \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n \n \n productp \n productq \n \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n productp \n Kip \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Kmq \n productp \n \n \n \n Kmp \n productq \n \n \n \n productp \n productq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000429 ! enzymatic rate law for multireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000436 name: Ping Pong Bi-Bi mechanism rate law def: "Enzymatic rate law for a reaction involving two substrates and two products. The first product (P) is released after the first substrate (A) has been bound. The second product (Q) is released after the second substrate (B) has been bound. \n \n \n \n Sa\n \n \n Sb\n \n \n Pp\n \n \n Pq\n \n \n Keq \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Kma \n \n \n Kmb \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Kmq \n \n \n Kia \n \n \n Kiq \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n \n \n Sa\n Sb\n \n \n \n \n \n Pp\n Pq\n \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Sa\n Sb\n \n \n \n Kmb \n Sa\n \n \n \n Kma \n Sb\n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Pq\n Kiq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Kmq \n Pp\n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Sa\n Kia \n \n \n \n \n \n Pq\n \n \n Kmp \n Pp\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000429 ! enzymatic rate law for multireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000437 name: reversible Iso Uni-Uni def: "Enzyme catalysed reaction involving one substrate and one product. Unlike the reversible uni-uni mechanism (SBO\:0000326)\, the mechanism assumes an enzyme intermediate. Therefore\, the free enzyme generated after the release of product from enzyme-product complex is not the same form as that which bind the substrate to form enzyme-substrate complex. Some permeases are thought to follow this mechanism\, such that isomerization in the membrane may be accomplished through re-orientation in the membrane. \n \n \n \n substrate\n \n \n \n product\n \n \n \n Kms\n \n \n \n Kmp\n \n \n \n Kii\n \n \n \n Vf\n \n \n \n Keq\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n product \n Kii \n \n \n \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000326 ! enzymatic rate law for non-modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000438 name: reversible Uni-Uni def: "The reversible equivalent of the Henri-Michaelis-Menten rate law (SBO\:0000029). \n\n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Et \n \n \n kcatp \n \n \n kcats \n \n \n \n \n \n Et \n \n \n \n \n \n \n kcatp \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n kcats \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n\n " [src_code:NR] synonym: "Reversible Michaelis Menten" [] synonym: "Uni-Uni Reversible Simple Michaelis-Menten" [] is_a: SBO:0000326 ! enzymatic rate law for non-modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000439 name: Uni-Uni Reversible using Haldane relationship def: "Enzyme catalysed reaction involving one substrate and one product. It is a modification of SBO\:0000326 that directly incorporates the equilibrium constant in the rate law.\n\n\t\n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n Keq \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\t \n " [src_code:NR] synonym: "Uni-Uni" [] is_a: SBO:0000326 ! enzymatic rate law for non-modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000440 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible allosteric inhibition def: "Enzymatic rate law which follows from the allosteric concerted model (symmetry model or MWC model).This states that enzyme subunits can assume one of two conformational states (relaxed or tense)\, and that the state of one subunit is shared or enforced on the others. The binding of a ligand to a site other than that bound by the substrate (active site) can shift the conformation from one state to the other. L represents the equilibrium constant between active and inactive states of the enzyme\, and n represents the number of binding sites for the substrate and inhibitor. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n Inhibitor \n \n \n V \n \n \n Ks \n \n \n n \n \n \n L \n \n \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n V \n substrate \n \n \n \n \n Ks \n substrate \n \n \n \n n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n L \n \n \n \n \n Ks \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Inhibitor \n Ki \n \n \n \n n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Ks \n substrate \n \n n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000441 name: enzymatic rate law for mixed-type inhibition of reversible enzymes by mutually exclusive inhibitors def: "Reversible inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by inhibitors that can bind to the enzyme-substrate complex and to the free enzyme with the same equilibrium constant. The inhibitor is noncompetitive with the substrate. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product\n \n \n Inhibitor\n \n \n Kms\n \n \n Kmp\n \n \n Vf\n \n \n Vr\n \n \n Kis\n \n \n Kic\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Inhibitor \n Kis \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Inhibitor \n Kic \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000275 ! enzymatic rate law for mixed-type inhibition of irreversible enzymes by mutually exclusive inhibitors [Term] id: SBO:0000442 name: enzymatic rate law for simple reversible non-competitive inhibition of unireactant enzymes def: "Reversible inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by one inhibitor that can bind to the enzyme-substrate complex and to the free enzyme with the same equilibrium constant. The inhibitor is noncompetitive with the substrate.\n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Inhibitor \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Inhibitor \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000265 ! enzymatic rate law for simple mixed-type inhibition of irreversible unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000443 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible essential activation def: "Enzymatic rate law where the free enzyme\, in the absence of the activator\, is unable to bind substrate and has no activity." [src_code:NR] synonym: " compulsory activation" [] synonym: "specific activation" [] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000444 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible mixed activation def: "Enzymatic rate law where the activator enhances the rate of reaction through specific and catalytic effects\, which increase the apparent limiting rate and decrease apparent Michaelis constant. The activator can bind reversibly both the free enzyme and enzyme-substrate complex\, while the substrate can bind only to enzyme-activator complex. Catalytic activity is seen only when enzyme\, substrate and activator are complexed. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Kas \n \n \n Kac \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n \n Kas \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n Kac \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000443 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible essential activation [Term] id: SBO:0000445 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible substrate activation def: "This enzymatic rate law is available only for irreversible reactions\, with one substrate and one product. There is a second binding site for the enzyme which\, when occupied\, activates the enzyme. Substrate binding at either site can occur at random.\n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n V \n \n \n Ksc \n \n \n Ksa \n \n \n \n \n \n V \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ksa \n \n 2 \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Ksc \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ksa \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ksa \n \n 2 \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000444 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible mixed activation [Term] id: SBO:0000446 name: enzymatic rate law for irrreversible mixed activation def: "Enzymatic rate law where the activator enhances the rate of reaction through specific and catalytic effects\, which increase the apparent limiting rate and decrease apparent Michaelis constant. The activator can bind irreversibly both free enzyme and enzyme-substrate complex\, while the substrate can bind only to enzyme-activator complex. Catalytic activity is seen only when enzyme\, substrate and activator are complexed. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n V \n \n \n Kas \n \n \n Kac \n \n \n \n \n \n V \n substrate \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kas \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n Kac \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000444 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible mixed activation [Term] id: SBO:0000447 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible catalytic activation with one activator def: "Enzymatic rate law where an activator enhances the rate of reaction by increasing the apparent limiting rate\, The reversible binding of the activator to the enzyme-substrate complex is required for enzyme catalytic activity (to generate the product). \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Ka \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n Ka \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000444 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible mixed activation [Term] id: SBO:0000448 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible specific activation def: "Enzymatic rate law for one substrate\, one product and one modifier which acts as an activator. The activator enhances the rate of reaction by decreasing the apparent Michaelis constant. The activator reversibly binds to the enzyme before the enzyme can bind the substrate. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Ka \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n \n Ka \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000444 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible mixed activation [Term] id: SBO:0000449 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible catalytic activation with one activator def: "Enzymatic rate law where an activator enhances the rate of reaction by increasing the apparent limiting rate\, The activator binding to the enzyme-substrate complex (irreversibly) is required for enzyme catalytic activity (to generate the product). \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n Activator \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n V \n \n \n Ka \n \n \n \n \n \n V \n substrate \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n Kms \n substrate \n \n \n \n Ka \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000447 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible catalytic activation with one activator [Term] id: SBO:0000450 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible specific activation def: "Enzymatic rate law for one substrate\, one product and one modifier which acts as an activator. The activator enhances the rate of reaction by decreasing the apparent Michaelis constant. The activator must bind to the enzyme before the enzyme can bind the substrate. \n \n \n \n substrate\n \n \n Activator\n \n \n Kms\n \n \n V\n \n \n Ka\n \n \n \n \n \n V \n substrate \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n Kms \n Ka \n \n \n \n \n \n Kms \n substrate \n \n Activator \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000448 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible specific activation [Term] id: SBO:0000451 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible reactions with competitive inhibition def: "This enzymatic rate law involves one substrate\, one product and one or more modifiers. The modifiers act as competitive inhibitors of the substrate at the enzyme binding site\, The modifiers (inhibitors) reversibly bound to the enzyme block access to the substrate. The inhibitors have the effect of increasing the apparent Km\, and bind exclusively to the enzymes. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Inhibitor \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Ki \n \n \n n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n i \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n n \n \n \n \n \n \n I\n i \n \n \n \n Ki\n i \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000452 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible competitive inhibition by one inhibitor def: "This enzymatic rate law involves one substrate\, one product and one modifier. The modifier acts as a competitive inhibitor with the substrate at the enzyme binding site\, The modifier (inhibitor) reversibly bound to the enzyme blocks access to the substrate. The inhibitor has the effect of increasing the apparent Km. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Inhibitor \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n Inhibitor \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000451 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible reactions with competitive inhibition [Term] id: SBO:0000453 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible empirical allosteric inhibition by one inhibitor def: "Enzymatic rate law where the reversible binding of one ligand decreases the affinity for substrate at other active sites. The ligand does not bind the same site as the substrate on the enzyme. This is an empirical equation\, where n represents the Hill coefficient. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Inhibitor \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n n \n \n \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n \n Inhibitor \n Ki \n \n n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000451 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible reactions with competitive inhibition [Term] id: SBO:0000454 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible substrate inhibition def: "Enzymatic rate law where the substrate for an enzyme also acts as a reversible inhibitor. This may entail a second (non-active) binding site for the enzyme. The inhibition constant is then the dissociation constant for the substrate from this second site. \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ki \n \n 2 \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000455 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible substrate inhibition def: "Enzymatic rate law where the substrate for an enzyme also acts as an irreversible inhibitor. This may entail a second (non-active) binding site for the enzyme. The inhibition constant is then the dissociation constant for the substrate from this second site.\n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n Km \n \n \n V \n \n \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n V \n substrate \n \n \n \n Km \n substrate \n \n \n Km \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Ki \n \n 2 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000454 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible substrate inhibition [Term] id: SBO:0000456 name: enzymatic rate law for reversible unireactant enzyme with a single hyperbolic modulator def: "Enzymatic rate law where the modifier can act as an activator or inhibitor\, depending upon the values of the kinetic constants. The modifier can bind reversibly to all forms of the enzyme and all enzyme-substrate complexes are reactive. \n'a' represents the ratio of dissociation constant of the elementary step Enzyme-Substrate complex + Modifier = Enzyme-Substrate-Modifier complex over that of Enzyme + Modifier = Enzyme-Modifier complex.\n'b' represents ratio of the rate constant of elementary step Enzyme-Substrate-Modifier complex -> Enzyme-Modifier complex + Product over that of Enzyme-Substrate complex -> Enzyme + Product.\n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Modifier \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Kd \n \n \n a \n \n \n b \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n b \n Modifier \n \n \n \n a \n Kd \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Modifier \n Kd \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Modifier \n \n \n a \n Kd \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000457 name: enzymatic rate law for irreversible unireactant enzyme with a single hyperbolic modulator def: "Enzymatic rate law where the modifier can act as an activator or inhibitor\, depending upon the values of the kinetic constants. The modifier can bind irreversibly to all forms of the enzyme and all enzyme-substrate complexes are reactive. \n'a' represents the ratio of dissociation constant of the elementary step Enzyme-Substrate complex + Modifier = Enzyme-Substrate-Modifier complex) over that of Enzyme + Modifier = Enzyme-Modifier complex.\n'b' represents ratio of the rate constant of elementary step Enzyme-Substrate-Modifier complex -> Enzyme-Modifier complex + Product over that of Enzyme-Substrate complex -> Enzyme + Product.\n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n Modifier \n \n \n Km \n \n \n V \n \n \n Kd \n \n \n a \n \n \n b \n \n \n \n \n \n V \n substrate \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n b \n Modifier \n \n \n \n a \n Kd \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Km \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Modifier \n Kd \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Modifier \n \n \n a \n Kd \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000456 ! enzymatic rate law for reversible unireactant enzyme with a single hyperbolic modulator [Term] id: SBO:0000458 name: enzymatic rate law for simple uncompetitive inhibition of reversible unireactant enzymes def: "Reversible inhibition of a unireactant enzyme by one inhibitor\, which binds to the enzyme-substrate complex. The inhibitor is uncompetitive with the substrate.\n \n \n \n \n substrate \n \n \n product \n \n \n Inhibitor \n \n \n Kms \n \n \n Kmp \n \n \n Vf \n \n \n Vr \n \n \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Vf \n substrate \n \n Kms \n \n \n \n \n \n Vr \n product \n \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n substrate \n Kms \n \n \n \n product \n Kmp \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n Inhibitor \n Ki \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000430 ! enzymatic rate law for modulated unireactant enzymes [Term] id: SBO:0000459 name: stimulator def: "Substance that accelerates the velocity of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed or transformed. " [src_code:NR] synonym: "activator" [] is_a: SBO:0000019 ! modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000460 name: enzymatic catalyst def: "A substance that accelerates the velocity of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed or transformed\, by lowering the free energy of the transition state. The substance acting as a catalyst is an enzyme." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000013 ! catalyst [Term] id: SBO:0000461 name: essential activator def: "A substance that is absolutely required for occurrence and stimulation of a reaction." [src_code:NR] synonym: "necessary stimulator" [] is_a: SBO:0000459 ! stimulator [Term] id: SBO:0000462 name: non-essential activator def: "An activator which is not necessary for an enzymatic reaction\, but whose presence will further increase enzymatic activity. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000459 ! stimulator [Term] id: SBO:0000463 name: standard biochemical potential def: "The biochemical potential of a substance measured at standard concentrations and under standard conditions." [src_code:NR] synonym: "standard chemical potential" [] is_a: SBO:0000303 ! biochemical potential [Term] id: SBO:0000464 name: state variable assignment def: "Assignment of a state or a value to a state variable\, characteristic or property\, of a biological entity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000375 ! process [Term] id: SBO:0000465 name: spatial measure def: "The measurable dimensions of an object which are minimally required to define the space that an object occupies." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000466 name: length def: "The length of an object is the longest measurable distance between its extremities. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000465 ! spatial measure [Term] id: SBO:0000467 name: area def: "The area of an object is a quantity expressing its two-dimensional size\, usually part or all of its surface. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000465 ! spatial measure [Term] id: SBO:0000468 name: volume def: "A quantity representing the three-dimensional space occupied by all or part of an object." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000465 ! spatial measure [Term] id: SBO:0000469 name: containment def: "An entity that is a subset of another entity or object." [src_code:NR] synonym: "inclusion" [] is_a: SBO:0000413 ! positional relationship [Term] id: SBO:0000470 name: mass fraction def: "For a given substance\, A\, its mass fraction (x A) is defined as the ratio of its mass (m A) to the total mass (m total) in which it is present\, where the sum of all mass fractions is equal to 1. This provides a means to express concentration in a dimensionless size. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000540 ! fraction of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000471 name: molal concentration of an entity def: "Molality denotes the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent (not solution). The term molal solution is used as a shorthand for a \"one molal solution\"\, i.e. a solution which contains one mole of the solute per kilogram of the solvent. The SI unit for molality is mol/kg." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000196 ! concentration of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000472 name: molar concentration of an entity def: "Molarity\, or molar concentration\, denotes the number of moles of a given substance per litre of solution. The unit of measure of molarity is mol/L\, molar\, or the capital letter M as an abbreviated form." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000196 ! concentration of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000473 name: denotement def: "Term to signify where a material or conceptual entity is represented or denoted by a symbol or by some other abbreviated form. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000552 ! reference annotation [Term] id: SBO:0000474 name: convenience function def: "Mathematical function commonly used in biological modeling\, which enable simplification of more complex expressions" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000064 ! mathematical expression [Term] id: SBO:0000475 name: periodic forcing function def: "Function that enables the modeling of cyclic inputs with on and off phases\, such as the light and dark phases in circadian rhythm. It includes parameters for the 'on' period (Tp)\, the cycle period (Tc)\, and the time taken to move or 'ramp' between 'on' and 'off' stages (Tw). Theta0 and Theta1 represent the minimal offset and maximal values of 'on' stage\, respectively. Small values of Tw result in step-like changes. Phi is the time of the phase shift offset. In the case of light forcing\, Tp represents 'light' period\, Tc the cycle period\, and Tw the 'twilight' timescale. Theta0 is the light value at the off state\, and Theta1 the additional value at the on phase. \n \n \n time \n Theta0 \n Theta1 \n Phi \n Tp \n Tc \n Tw \n \n \n Theta0 \n \n \n 0.5 \n Theta1 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n time \n Phi \n \n \n \n Tc \n \n \n \n \n \n \n time \n Phi \n \n Tc \n \n \n \n \n Tw \n \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n time \n Phi \n \n \n \n Tc \n \n \n \n \n \n \n time \n Phi \n \n Tc \n \n \n \n \n Tp \n \n Tw \n \n \n \n \n 1 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n time \n Phi \n \n \n \n Tc \n \n \n \n \n \n \n time \n Phi \n \n Tc \n \n \n \n \n Tc \n \n Tw \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "input signal step function" [] is_a: SBO:0000474 ! convenience function [Term] id: SBO:0000476 name: period def: "The period is the duration of one cycle in a repeating event. \[wikipedia\]" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000347 ! duration [Term] id: SBO:0000477 name: phase shift def: "The measurable amount of time by which a periodic or cyclic is shifted or offset from defined reference point." [src_code:NR] synonym: "temporal offset" [] is_a: SBO:0000346 ! temporal measure [Term] id: SBO:0000478 name: powered product of Michaelis constant def: "The product of the Michaelis constants\, to the power of their respective stoichiometric coefficients\, for either substrates or products.\n \n Km\n x\n n\n \n \n i \n 1 \n x \n \n\t\n\t\n\t \n\t Km\n\t i \n\t\n\t\n\t \n\t n\n\t i \n\t\n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000193 ! equilibrium or steady-state constant [Term] id: SBO:0000479 name: powered product of substrate Michaelis constants def: "The product of the substrate Michaelis constants\, to the power of their respective stoichiometric coefficients.\n \n Kms\n x\n n\n \n \n i \n 1 \n x \n \n\t\n\t\n\t \n\t Kms\n\t i \n\t\n\t\n\t \n\t n\n\t i \n\t\n \n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000478 ! powered product of Michaelis constant [Term] id: SBO:0000480 name: powered product of product Michaelis constants def: "The product of the product Michaelis constants\, to the power of their respective stoichiometric coefficients.\n \n Km\n x\n n\n \n \n i \n 1 \n x \n \n\t\n\t\n\t \n\t Km\n\t i \n\t\n\t\n\t \n\t n\n\t i \n\t\n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000478 ! powered product of Michaelis constant [Term] id: SBO:0000481 name: stoichiometric coefficient def: "The stoichiometric coefficient represents the degree to which a chemical species participates in a reaction. It corresponds to the number of molecules of a reactant that are consumed or produced with each occurrence of a reaction event." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000380 ! biochemical coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000482 name: geometric mean rate constant def: "The geometric mean turnover rate of an enzyme in either forward or backward direction for a reaction\, measured per second.\n \n k\n n\n \n \n n \n \n \n\t\n\t i \n\t 1 \n\t n \n\t\n\t \n\t k\n\t i \n\t\n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000483 name: forward geometric mean rate constant def: "The geometric mean turnover rate of an enzyme in the forward direction for a reaction\, measured per second.\n \n kf\n n\n \n \n n \n \n \n\t\n\t i \n\t 1 \n\t n \n\t\n\t \n\t kf\n\t i \n\t\n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000484 name: reverse geometric mean rate constant def: "The geometric mean turnover rate of an enzyme in the reverse direction for a reaction\, measured per second.\n \n kr\n n\n \n \n n \n \n \n\t\n\t i \n\t 1 \n\t n \n\t\n\t \n\t kr\n\t i \n\t\n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000485 name: basal rate constant def: "The minimal velocity observed under defined conditions\, which may or may not include the presence of an effector. For example in an inhibitory system\, this would be the residual velocity observed under full inhibition. In non-essential activation\, this would be the velocity in the absence of any activator." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000046 ! zeroth order rate constant [Term] id: SBO:0000486 name: relative basal rate constant def: "The ratio of the basal activity to the maximal velocity of a reaction. The values range between 0 and 1.\n \n b \n vmax\n \n \n b \n vmax \n \n \n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000381 ! biochemical proportionality coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000487 name: relative activity function def: "Function which ranges from 0 to 1\, to describe the relative activation or inhibition of a reaction or process\, actual or conceptual. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000474 ! convenience function [Term] id: SBO:0000488 name: relative activation function def: "Function which ranges from 0 to 1\, to describe the relative activation of a reaction or process\, actual or conceptual. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000487 ! relative activity function [Term] id: SBO:0000489 name: relative inhibition function def: "Function which ranges from 0 to 1\, to describe the relative inhibition of a reaction or process\, actual or conceptual. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000487 ! relative activity function [Term] id: SBO:0000490 name: number of products def: "Number of molecules which are generated by an enzyme." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000188 ! number of biochemical items [Term] id: SBO:0000491 name: diffusion coefficient def: "A proportionality constant representing the amount of substance diffusing across a unit area through a unit concentration gradient in unit time. The higher the diffusion coefficient (of one substance with respect to another)\, the faster they diffuse into each other. This coefficient has an SI unit of m²/s (length²/time)." [src_code:NR] synonym: "diffusivity" [] is_a: SBO:0000009 ! kinetic constant [Term] id: SBO:0000492 name: amplitude def: "Amplitude is the magnitude of change in the oscillating variable\, with each oscillation\, within an oscillating system. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000493 name: functional domain def: "A spatial region of an entity that confers a function" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000241 ! functional entity [Term] id: SBO:0000494 name: binding site def: "A specific domain of a spatio-temporal entity to which another spatio-temporal entity is able to bind\, forming chemical bonds. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000493 ! functional domain [Term] id: SBO:0000495 name: catalytic site def: "A catalytic site is the region which confers specificity of a substrate for the binding entity\, and where specific reactions take place in the conversion of the substrate to the product. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000493 ! functional domain [Term] id: SBO:0000496 name: transmembrane domain def: "A transmembrane domain is any three-dimensional protein structure which is thermodynamically stable in a membrane. This may be a single alpha helix\, a stable complex of several transmembrane alpha helices\, a transmembrane beta barrel\, a beta-helix of gramicidin A\, or any other structure.\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000493 ! functional domain [Term] id: SBO:0000497 name: ternary switch def: "A parameter that has three discrete values which may be alternated between. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000389 ! switch value [Term] id: SBO:0000498 name: relative activity def: "Value which ranges from 0 to 1\, to describe the relative activity of a process or reaction. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000381 ! biochemical proportionality coefficient [Term] id: SBO:0000499 name: genetic interaction def: "A phenomenon whereby an observed phenotype\, qualitative or quantative\, is not explainable by the simple additive effects of the individual gene pertubations alone. Genetic interaction between perturbed genes is usually expected to generate a 'defective' phenotype. The level of defectiveness is often used to sub-classify this phenomenon.\n" [src_code:NR] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: SBO:0000500 name: genetic suppression def: "Genetic suppression is said to have occurred when the phenotypic effect of an initial mutation in a gene is less severe\, or entirely negated\, by a subsequent mutation. \n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000343 ! genetic interaction [Term] id: SBO:0000501 name: genetic enhancement def: "Genetic enhancement is said to have occurred when the phenotypic effect of an initial mutation in a gene is made increasingly severe by a subsequent mutation." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000343 ! genetic interaction [Term] id: SBO:0000502 name: synthetic lethality def: "Synthetic lethality is said to have occurred where gene mutations\, each of which map to a separate locus\, fail to complement in an offspring to correct a phenotype\, as would be expected.\n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000343 ! genetic interaction [Term] id: SBO:0000503 name: number of entity pool constituents def: "The numerical quantification of an entity pool. This may be expressed as\, for example\, the number of molecules or the number of moles of identical entities of which an specific entity pool is comprised." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000361 ! amount of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000504 name: mass of an entity pool def: "The mass that comprises an entity pool." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000361 ! amount of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000505 name: concentration of enzyme def: "Amount of enzyme present per unit of volume. The participant role 'enzymatic catalyst' is defined in SBO\:0000460." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000518 ! concentration of modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000506 name: mass of enzyme def: "Amount\, expressed as a mass\, of an enzyme. The participant role 'enzymatic catalyst' is defined in SBO\:0000460." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000504 ! mass of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000507 name: number of an enzyme def: "Amount\, expressed as a number\, of a specific enzyme comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed\, for example\, as the number of molecules\, or the number of moles. The participant role 'enzymatic catalyst' is defined in SBO\:0000460." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000517 ! number of a modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000508 name: number of a reactant def: "The amount\, expressed as a number\, of a specific reactant comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed\, for example\, as the number of molecules\, or the number of moles. The participant role 'reactant' is defined in SBO\:0000010. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000503 ! number of entity pool constituents [Term] id: SBO:0000509 name: concentration of reactant def: "The amount of a specific entity pool reactant present per unit of volume. The participant role 'reactant' is defined in SBO\:0000010.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000196 ! concentration of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000510 name: mass of reactant def: "The amount\, expressed as a mass\, of a specific reactant entity pool. The participant role 'reactant' is defined in SBO\:0000010." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000504 ! mass of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000511 name: number of a product def: "The amount\, expressed as a number\, of a specific product comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed\, for example\, as the number of molecules\, or the number of moles. The participant role 'product' is defined in SBO\:0000011." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000503 ! number of entity pool constituents [Term] id: SBO:0000512 name: concentration of product def: "The amount of a specific entity pool product present per unit of volume. The participant role 'product' is defined in SBO\:0000011." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000196 ! concentration of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000513 name: mass of product def: "The amount\, expressed as a mass\, of a specific product entity pool. The participant role 'product' is defined in SBO\:0000011." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000504 ! mass of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000514 name: number of a substrate def: "The amount\, expressed as a number\, of a specific substrate comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed\, for example\, as the number of molecules\, or the number of moles. The participant role 'substrate' is defined in SBO\:0000015." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000508 ! number of a reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000515 name: concentration of substrate def: "The amount of a specific entity pool substrate present per unit of volume. The participant role 'substrate' is defined in SBO\:0000015." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000509 ! concentration of reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000516 name: mass of substrate def: "The amount\, expressed as a mass\, of a specific substrate entity pool. The participant role 'substrate' is defined in SBO\:0000015." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000510 ! mass of reactant [Term] id: SBO:0000517 name: number of a modifier def: "The amount\, expressed as a number\, of a specific modifier comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed\, for example\, as the number of molecules\, or the number of moles. The participant role 'modifier' is defined in SBO\:0000019." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000503 ! number of entity pool constituents [Term] id: SBO:0000518 name: concentration of modifier def: "The amount of a specific modifier entity pool present per unit of volume. The participant role 'modifier' is defined in SBO\:0000019." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000196 ! concentration of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000519 name: mass of modifier def: "The amount\, expressed as a mass\, of a specific modifier entity pool. The participant role 'modifier' is defined in SBO\:0000019." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000504 ! mass of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000520 name: number of an inhibitor def: "The amount\, expressed as a number\, of a specific inhibitor comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed\, for example\, as the number of molecules\, or the number of moles. The participant role 'inhibitor' is defined in SBO\:0000020." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000517 ! number of a modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000521 name: concentration of inhibitor def: "The amount of a specific inhibitor entity pool present per unit of volume. The participant role 'inhibitor' is defined in SBO\:0000020.\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000518 ! concentration of modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000522 name: mass of inhibitor def: "The amount\, expressed as a mass\, of a specific inhibitor entity pool. The participant role 'inhibitor' is defined in SBO\:0000020." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000519 ! mass of modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000523 name: number of an activator def: "The amount\, expressed as a number\, of a specific activator comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed\, for example\, as the number of molecules\, or the number of moles. The participant role 'activator' is defined in SBO\:0000459. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000517 ! number of a modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000524 name: concentration of activator def: "The amount of a specific activator entity pool present per unit of volume. The participant role 'activator' is defined in SBO\:0000459." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000518 ! concentration of modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000525 name: mass of activator def: "The amount\, expressed as a mass\, of a specific activator entity pool. The participant role 'activator' is defined in SBO\:0000459." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000519 ! mass of modifier [Term] id: SBO:0000526 name: protein complex formation def: "The process by which two or more proteins interact non-covalently to form a protein complex (SBO\:0000297)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000344 ! molecular interaction [Term] id: SBO:0000527 name: modular rate law def: "Modular rate laws are a set of rate laws that provide a means to parameterise a system in a manner that is a compromise between mathematical abstraction and biochemical detail. They share the same common form\:\n\nv = u f (T/(D + Dreg))\n\nThe individual numerator and denominator terms can substituted with alternative forms\, depending on reaction details and model formulation\, to generate specific modular rate laws. The terms represented are\,\nv\, reaction rate\,\nu\, enzyme amount\,\nT\, modular term derived from stoichiometries\, metabolite concentrations and reactant constants\,\nD\, modular term for polynomial of scaled concentrations\,\nDreg\, competitive regulation binding states term\,\nf\, modular term for regulation factor." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000001 ! rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000528 name: common modular rate law def: "The common modular rate law is a generalised form of reversible Michaelis Menten kinetics\, using a denominator where each binding state of the enzyme is represented. It is assumed that substrates and products bind independently and randomly\, and that substrates and products cannot be bound at the same time." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000527 ! modular rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000529 name: direct binding modular rate law def: "The direct binding modular rate law makes the assumption that both substrates and products bind simultaneously and in a single step\, hence the total binding states possible enumerate to 3\, nothing bound\, substrates bound\, and products bound. Substrates and products cannot be bound at the same time." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000527 ! modular rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000530 name: simultaneous binding modular rate law def: "The simultaneous binding modular rate law makes the assumption that substrates and products can be bound simultaneously\, and in any combination." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000527 ! modular rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000531 name: power-law modular rate law def: "For the power-law rate law\, the denominator is set to be a constant\, and the rate law does not saturate." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000527 ! modular rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000532 name: force-dependent modular rate law def: "Modular rate law where the D term is given by the square root of the product of\nterms (c/KM)^m where c\, KM\, and m denote the concentrations\, Michaelis constants\, and molecularities\, respectively\, and the product is taken over all reactants and products involved in the reaction." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000527 ! modular rate law [Term] id: SBO:0000533 name: specific activator def: "An essential activator that affects the apparent value of the specificity\nconstant. Mechanistically\, the activator would need to be bound before\nreactant and product binding can take place." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000461 ! essential activator [Term] id: SBO:0000534 name: catalytic activator def: "An essential activator that affects the apparent value of the catalytic\nconstant." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000461 ! essential activator [Term] id: SBO:0000535 name: binding activator def: "An essential activator that affects the apparent value of the Michaelis\nconstant(s)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000461 ! essential activator [Term] id: SBO:0000536 name: partial inhibitor def: "Substance that\, when bound\, decreases enzymatic activity to a lower\,\nnonzero value\, without itself being consumed or transformed by the\nreaction\, and without sterically hindering the interaction between\nreactants. The enzyme-inhibitor complex does retain some basal level of activity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000207 ! non-competitive inhibitor [Term] id: SBO:0000537 name: complete inhibitor def: "Substance that\, when bound\, completely negates enzymatic activity\, without\nitself being consumed or transformed by the reaction\, and without\nsterically hindering the interaction between reactants. The inhibitor\nbinds to all enzyme species independently and with the same affinity\,\ncompletely inhibiting any enzymatic activity." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000207 ! non-competitive inhibitor [Term] id: SBO:0000538 name: ionic permeability def: "A parameter that represents the permeability of an ion channel with respect to a particular ion." [src_code:NR] synonym: "membrane permeability" [] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000539 name: probabilistic parameter def: "A quantitative parameter that represents a probability value\, assigned to a specific event." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000540 name: fraction of an entity pool def: "A ratio that represents the quantity of a defined constituent entity over the total number of all constituent entities present. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000360 ! quantity of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000541 name: mole fraction def: "The number of moles of a constituent entity\, divided by the total number of all constituent entities present in a system. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000540 ! fraction of an entity pool [Term] id: SBO:0000542 name: basic reproductive ratio def: "An epidemiological term representing the mean number of secondary cases which result from a single infection\, where the population under consideration has no immunity\, and no intervention is performed." [src_code:NR] synonym: "basic reproduction number" [] synonym: "basic reproductive rate" [] synonym: "R0" [] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000543 name: protein aggregate def: "A nonspecific coalescence of misfolded proteins which may or may not form a precipitate\, depending upon particle size." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000296 ! macromolecular complex [Term] id: SBO:0000544 name: metadata representation def: "Supplementary information relating to a primary item of data\, traditionally termed 'data about data'. It can describe\, for example\, the location or type of the data\, or its relationship to other data." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000000 ! systems biology representation [Term] id: SBO:0000545 name: systems description parameter def: "A value\, numerical or symbolic\, that defines certain characteristics of systems or system functions\, or is necessary in their derivation." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000000 ! systems biology representation [Term] id: SBO:0000546 name: qualitative systems description parameter def: "A non-numerical value that defines certain characteristics of systems or system functions." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000545 ! systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000547 name: boolean logical framework def: "Equationally defined algebraic framework usually interpreted as a two-valued logic using the basic Boolean operations (conjunction\, disjunction and negation)\, together with the constants '0' and '1' denoting false and true values\, respectively." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000234 ! logical framework [Term] id: SBO:0000548 name: multi-valued logical framework def: "Extension of the boolean logical framework which associates a defined number of possible integer values (states) with the variables." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000547 ! boolean logical framework [Term] id: SBO:0000549 name: fuzzy logical framework def: "Extension of the Boolean logical framework which allows intermediate or undetermined values for the logical variables." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000547 ! boolean logical framework [Term] id: SBO:0000550 name: annotation def: "Supplementary information that does not modify the semantics of the presented information." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000544 ! metadata representation [Term] id: SBO:0000551 name: controlled short label def: "The use of an abbreviated name\, taken from a controlled vocabulary of terms\, which is used to represent some information about the entity to which it is attached." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000555 ! controlled annotation [Term] id: SBO:0000552 name: reference annotation def: "Additional information that supplements existing data\, usually in a document\, by providing a link to more detailed information\, which is held externally\, or elsewhere." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000550 ! annotation [Term] id: SBO:0000553 name: bibliographical reference def: "An annotation which directs one to information contained within a published body of knowledge\, usually a book or scientific journal." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000552 ! reference annotation [Term] id: SBO:0000554 name: database cross reference def: "An annotation which directs one to information contained within a database." [src_code:NR] synonym: "database cross-reference" [] synonym: "db xref" [] is_a: SBO:0000552 ! reference annotation [Term] id: SBO:0000555 name: controlled annotation def: "Annotation which complies with the full set of defined rules in its construction." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000557 ! embedded annotation [Term] id: SBO:0000556 name: uncontrolled annotation def: "Annotation which does not comply with\, or is not restricted by\, any rules in its construction. Examples would include free text annotations." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000557 ! embedded annotation [Term] id: SBO:0000557 name: embedded annotation def: "Annotation that directly incorporates information into the body of a document." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000550 ! annotation [Term] id: SBO:0000558 name: specific activity def: "A measure of enzyme activity under standard conditions\, at a specific substrate concentration (usually saturation)\, expressed as the amount of product formed per unit time\, per amount of enzyme. This is often expressed as micromol per min per mg\, rather than the less practical official unit\, Katal (1 mol per second)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000559 name: enzyme activity def: "A measure of the amount of active enzyme present\, expressed under specified conditions. This is often expressed as micromol per min (also known as enzyme unit\, U)\, rather than the less practical official SI unit\, Katal (1 mol per second). Enzyme activity normally refers to the natural substrate for the enzyme\, but can also be given for standardised substrates such as gelatin\, where it is then referred to as GDU (Gelatin Digesting Units)." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000560 name: mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions\, single essential stimulator\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme in which the reaction velocity is direct proportional to the activity or concentration of a single molecular species. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of the stimulator. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n k\n A\n \n \n k\n A\n \n \n\n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000163 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, continuous scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000561 name: mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions\, single essential stimulator\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme in which the reaction velocity is direct proportional to the activity or quantity of a single molecular species. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of the stimulator. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n A\n \n \n c\n A\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000166 ! mass action rate law for irreversible reactions\, discrete scheme [Term] id: SBO:0000562 name: mass action like rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, one essential stimulator def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from a reactant and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of the reactant and the stimulator activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactant from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of the reactant and the stimulator. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000045 ! mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions [Term] id: SBO:0000563 name: mass action like rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, one essential stimulator\, continuous scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from a reactant and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of the reactant and the stimulator activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactant from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of the reactant and the stimulator. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework.\n\n \n k\n R\n A\n \n \n k\n R\n A\n \n \n\n " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000562 ! mass action like rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, one essential stimulator [Term] id: SBO:0000564 name: mass action like rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, one essential stimulator\, discrete scheme def: "Reaction scheme where the products are created from a reactant and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of the reactant and the stimulator quantities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactant from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of the reactant and the stimulator. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a discrete framework.\n \n \n c\n R\n A\n \n \n c\n R\n A\n \n \n\n" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000562 ! mass action like rate law for second order irreversible reactions\, one reactant\, one essential stimulator [Term] id: SBO:0000565 name: systems description constant def: "A physical constant that is required in the calculation of a system parameter. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000545 ! systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000566 name: relative permeability def: "The permeability of an ion through a channel or membrane expressed in relation to the reference ion\, which is given the value 1. For example\, if a membrane is most permeable to K+\, then that is assigned the reference permeability value of 1\, and the value for Na+ may be 0.05." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000538 ! ionic permeability [Term] id: SBO:0000567 name: universal gas constant def: "A physical constant featured in many fundamental equations in the physical sciences. It is equivalent to the Boltzmann constant\, but expressed in units of energy per temperature increment per mole (rather than energy per temperature increment per particle). It has the value 8.314 J.K-1.mol-1 and is denoted by the symbol R." [src_code:NR] synonym: "gas constant" [] synonym: "ideal gas constant" [] synonym: "molar gas constant" [] is_a: SBO:0000565 ! systems description constant [Term] id: SBO:0000568 name: Faraday constant def: "Named after Michael Faraday\, it is the magnitude of electric charge per mole of electrons. It has the value 96\,485.3365 C/mol (Coulombs per Mole)\, and the symbol F." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000565 ! systems description constant [Term] id: SBO:0000569 name: Goldman equation def: "Expression to determine the equilibrium potential (membrane potential) across a cellular membrane\, taking into consideration all the ions on either side of the membrane\, and their permeability through the membrane. Permeability values are often recorded as relative permeability\, with the most permeable ion being given a reference value of 1. The unit of measure for membrane potential is Volts\, though values are typically reported as millivolts (mV).\n\nThe given formula represents the voltage equation for 'C' monovalent cations\, and 'A' monovalent anions\, assuming that C is the most permeable\, and thereby reporting all other permeabilities as a proportion of the reference value\, of 1. 'P' represents the membrane permeability of C (assumed reference molecule\, value 1)\, 'p'\, the relative permeability of each non-reference molecule\, 'C'\, the external monovalent cation\, 'c'\, the internal monovalent cation concentration\, 'A'\, the external monovalent anion\, 'a'\, the internal monovalent anion concentration\, 'R'\, the universal gas constant\, 'T'\, the temperature in Kelvin\, 'F' the Faraday constant.\n \n \n R\n \n \n T\n \n \n F\n \n \n P\n \n \n p\n \n \n C\n \n \n c\n \n \n A\n \n \n a\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n R\n T\n \n \n F\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n A\n p\n \n \n \n \n \n \n c\n P\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n a\n p\n \n \n \n \n \n \n C\n P\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz voltage equation" [] is_a: SBO:0000391 ! steady state expression [Term] id: SBO:0000570 name: Nernst potential def: "The membrane potential at which there is no net flow of an ions across a biological membrane. In a single ion system\, this is equal to the equilibrium potential and can be calculated from the Nernst equation. It takes into consideration the charge\, z\, of the ion\, as well as its concentration inside (x) and outside (X) the membrane.\n \n \n R\n \n \n T\n \n \n F\n \n \n z\n \n \n X\n \n \n x\n \n \n \n \n \n \n R\n T\n \n \n \n z\n F\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n X\n \n x\n \n \n \n \n" [src_code:NR] synonym: "reversal potential" [] is_a: SBO:0000569 ! Goldman equation [Term] id: SBO:0000571 name: thermodynamic parameter def: "Parameters used in the study of thermodynamics\, a physical science that\npertains to the relationship between heat and other forms of energy such\nas 'work done' in material bodies." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000002 ! quantitative systems description parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000572 name: enthalpy def: "A thermodynamic potential whose natural variables are entropy (S) and\npressure (p). The enthalpy of a system\, measured in Joules (J)\, is defined\nas H = U + pV (where H is enthalpy\, U is the internal energy\, p is the\npressure at the system boundary\, and V is the system volume).\nsymbol\: H" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000571 ! thermodynamic parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000573 name: enthalpy change def: "Change in enthalpy observed in the constituents of a thermodynamic system\nwhen undergoing a transformation or chemical reaction. This is the\npreferred way of expressing the energy changes to a system at constant\npressure\, since enthalpy itself cannot be directly measured. The enthalpy\nchange is positive in endothermic reactions\, negative in exothermic\nreactions\, and is defined as the difference between the final and initial enthalpy of the system under study\: ΔH = Hf - Hi. The standard unit of measure is J. Symbol\: ΔH" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000572 ! enthalpy [Term] id: SBO:0000574 name: standard enthalpy of formation def: "The enthalpy change observed in a constituent of a thermodynamic system\nwhen one mole of a compound\, in its standard state\, is formed from its\nelementary antecedents\, in their standard state(s)\, under standard\nconditions (1 bar). The standard unit of measure is kJ/mol.\nSymbol\: DeltaHf0\, DeltafH0" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000573 ! enthalpy change [Term] id: SBO:0000575 name: standard enthalpy of reaction def: "The enthalpy change observed in a constituent of a thermodynamic system\nwhen one mole of substance reacts completely\, under standard conditions (1\nbar). The standard unit of measure is kJ/mol.\nSymbol\: DeltaHr0\, DeltarH0" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000573 ! enthalpy change [Term] id: SBO:0000576 name: entropy def: "A thermodynamic property which acts as a measure of the state of disorder\nof a system. Its natural variables are the internal energy (U) and the\nvolume (V). It is defined by dS = (1/T)dU + (p/T)dV. The second law of\nthermodynamics states that in an isolated system\, natural processes tend\nto increase in disorder or entropy. The standard unit of measure is Joules\nper Kelvin (J/K).\nsymbol\: S" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000571 ! thermodynamic parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000577 name: entropy change def: "The increase or decrease of the entropy of a system. For values greater\nthan zero\, there is an implied increase in the disorder of a system\, for\nexample during a reaction\, and decreased disorder where the values are\nless than zero. The entropy change of a process is defined as the initial\nsystem entropy value minus the final entropy value\: DeltaS = Sf - Si. The\nstandard unit of measure is J/K.\nsymbol\: DeltaS" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000576 ! entropy [Term] id: SBO:0000578 name: standard entropy of reaction def: "The entropy change observed in a thermodynamic system when one mole of\nsubstance reacts completely\, under standard conditions (1 bar). The\nstandard unit of measure is kJ/(mol K). This can be calculated using the\nentropies for products and reactants\: DeltaS(reaction)=sum DeltaS (products) - sum DeltaS reactants. The standard unit of measure is kJ/(mol K).\nsymbol\: DeltaSro" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000577 ! entropy change [Term] id: SBO:0000579 name: standard entropy of formation def: "The change in entropy associated with the formation of one mole of a\nsubstance from its elements in their standard states under standard\nconditions (1 bar). The standard unit of measure is kJ/(mol K).\nsymbol\: DeltaSfo" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000577 ! entropy change [Term] id: SBO:0000580 name: Gibbs free energy def: "A thermodynamic potential that measures the useful work obtainable from a\nthermodynamic system at constant pressure and temperature. Its natural\nvariables are pressure (p) and temperature (T) and the definition is\: G =\nH - TS. Gibbs free energy is minimised when a system reaches equilibrium\nat constant pressure and temperature. The standard unit of measure is\nkJ/mol.\nsymbol\: G" [src_code:NR] synonym: "free enthalpy" [] synonym: "Gibbs energy" [] synonym: "Gibbs function" [] is_a: SBO:0000571 ! thermodynamic parameter [Term] id: SBO:0000581 name: Gibbs free energy change def: "The increase or decrease of the Gibbs free energy of a system. During a\nreaction\, this is equal to the change in enthalpy of the system minus the\nchange in the product of the temperature times the entropy of the system\: \nDeltaG = DeltaH - T DeltaS\nA negative value indicates that the reaction will be favoured and will\nrelease energy. The magnitude of the value indicates how far the reaction\nis from equilibrium\, where there will be no free energy change. The\nstandard unit of measure is kJ/mol.\nsymbol\: DeltaG" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000580 ! Gibbs free energy [Term] id: SBO:0000582 name: standard Gibbs energy of formation def: "The change in Gibbs free energy associated with the formation of 1 mole of\nsubstance from elements in their standard states under standard conditions\n(1 bar). The standard unit of measure is kJ/mol.\nsymbol\: DeltafG(degree)" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000581 ! Gibbs free energy change [Term] id: SBO:0000583 name: standard Gibbs energy of reaction def: "The Gibbs free energy change observed in a thermodynamic system when one\nmole of substance reacts completely\, under standard conditions (1 bar).\nThe standard unit of measure is kJ/mol.\nsymbol\: ΔG˚" [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000581 ! Gibbs free energy change [Term] id: SBO:0000584 name: temporal offset def: "A duration of time after which a phase shift occurs." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000346 ! temporal measure [Term] id: SBO:0000585 name: simulation duration def: "The total length of time over which a model is simulated\, where the time scale is indicated within the model simulation. " [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000347 ! duration [Term] id: SBO:0000586 name: model time def: "A conceptualisation of time which is intrinsic to a mathematical model\, and which can be used to describe other variables or parameters of the model." [src_code:NR] is_a: SBO:0000346 ! temporal measure [Typedef] id: is_a name: is_a