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* Residue conservation analysis
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Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation
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Cellular component
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extracellular region
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2 terms
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Biological process
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immune response
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27 terms
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Biochemical function
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protein binding
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8 terms
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DOI no:
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Science
257:410-413
(1992)
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PubMed id:
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Unraveling the structure of IL-2.
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J.F.Bazan.
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ABSTRACT
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
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PubMed id
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Reference
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D.E.Tronrud,
and
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Sorting the chaff from the wheat at the PDB.
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Protein Sci, 18,
2-5.
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M.A.Shaker,
and
H.M.Younes
(2009).
Interleukin-2: evaluation of routes of administration and current delivery systems in cancer therapy.
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J Pharm Sci, 98,
2268-2298.
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D.E.Lopes de Menezes,
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B.Jallal,
and
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(2007).
Recombinant interleukin-2 significantly augments activity of rituximab in human tumor xenograft models of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
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J Immunother (1997), 30,
64-74.
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R.Amato,
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and
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(2007).
IL-2 signals through Sgk1 and inhibits proliferation and apoptosis in kidney cancer cells.
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J Mol Med, 85,
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In silico identification of opossum cytokine genes suggests the complexity of the marsupial immune system rivals that of eutherian mammals.
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Immunome Res, 2,
4.
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K.A.Smith
(2006).
The structure of IL2 bound to the three chains of the IL2 receptor and how signaling occurs.
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Med Immunol, 5,
3.
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E.Sreekumar,
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and
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(2005).
Duck (Anas platyrhynchos), Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and other avian interleukin-2 reveals significant conservation of gene organization, promoter elements and functional residues.
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Int J Immunogenet, 32,
355-365.
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S.Bird,
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Characterisation and expression analysis of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and IL-21 homologues in the Japanese pufferfish, Fugu rubripes, following their discovery by synteny.
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Immunogenetics, 56,
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Identification of a protein fragment of interleukin 2 responsible for vasopermeability.
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J Natl Cancer Inst, 95,
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(2002).
Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) interleukin-2: sequence analysis reveals high nucleotide and amino acid identity with interleukin-2 of cattle and other ruminants.
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Eur J Immunogenet, 29,
341-345.
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H.Sato
(2002).
Enzymatic procedure for site-specific pegylation of proteins.
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Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 54,
487-504.
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J.M.Ellery,
and
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Alternate signalling pathways from the interleukin-2 receptor.
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Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 13,
27-40.
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C.J.Bagley,
J.M.Woodcock,
M.A.Guthridge,
F.C.Stomski,
and
A.F.Lopez
(2001).
Structural and functional hot spots in cytokine receptors.
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Int J Hematol, 73,
299-307.
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A.Tsarbopoulos,
J.Varnerin,
S.Cannon-Carlson,
D.Wylie,
B.Pramanik,
J.Tang,
and
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(2000).
Mass spectrometric mapping of disulfide bonds in recombinant human interleukin-13.
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J Mass Spectrom, 35,
446-453.
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R.Eckenberg,
T.Rose,
J.L.Moreau,
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F.Gesbert,
S.Dubois,
D.Tello,
M.Bossus,
H.Gras,
A.Tartar,
J.Bertoglio,
S.Chouaïb,
M.Goldberg,
Y.Jacques,
P.M.Alzari,
and
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(2000).
The first alpha helix of interleukin (IL)-2 folds as a homotetramer, acts as an agonist of the IL-2 receptor beta chain, and induces lymphokine-activated killer cells.
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J Exp Med, 191,
529-540.
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S.Lawson,
L.Rothwell,
and
P.Kaiser
(2000).
Turkey and chicken interleukin-2 cross-react in in vitro proliferation assays despite limited amino acid sequence identity.
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J Interferon Cytokine Res, 20,
161-170.
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G.A.Holländer
(1999).
On the stochastic regulation of interleukin-2 transcription.
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Semin Immunol, 11,
357-367.
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D.A.Lauffenburger,
E.M.Fallon,
and
J.M.Haugh
(1998).
Scratching the (cell) surface: cytokine engineering for improved ligand/receptor trafficking dynamics.
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Chem Biol, 5,
R257-R263.
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R.M.Bukowski
(1997).
Natural history and therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the role of interleukin-2.
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Cancer, 80,
1198-1220.
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T.Li,
T.Horan,
T.Osslund,
G.Stearns,
and
T.Arakawa
(1997).
Conformational changes in G-CSF/Receptor complex as investigated by isotope-edited FTIR spectroscopy.
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Biochemistry, 36,
8849-8857.
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Y.Mitsui,
and
T.Senda
(1997).
Elucidation of the basic three-dimensional structure of type I interferons and its functional and evolutionary implications.
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J Interferon Cytokine Res, 17,
319-326.
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A.E.Proudfoot,
S.C.Brown,
P.Graber,
F.Talabot,
C.Y.Arod,
M.C.Peitsch,
M.Banks,
M.McKinnon,
R.Solari,
and
T.N.Wells
(1996).
The carboxy-terminal region of human interleukin-5 is essential for maintenance of tertiary structure but not for dimerization.
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J Protein Chem, 15,
491-499.
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G.Leclercq,
V.Debacker,
M.de Smedt,
and
J.Plum
(1996).
Differential effects of interleukin-15 and interleukin-2 on differentiation of bipotential T/natural killer progenitor cells.
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J Exp Med, 184,
325-336.
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H.Sato,
M.Ikeda,
K.Suzuki,
and
K.Hirayama
(1996).
Site-specific modification of interleukin-2 by the combined use of genetic engineering techniques and transglutaminase.
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Biochemistry, 35,
13072-13080.
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M.O.Glocker,
M.Kalkum,
R.Yamamoto,
and
J.Schreurs
(1996).
Selective biochemical modification of functional residues in recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor beta (rhM-CSF beta): identification by mass spectrometry.
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Biochemistry, 35,
14625-14633.
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R.C.Hoffman,
H.Andersen,
K.Walker,
J.D.Krakover,
S.Patel,
M.R.Stamm,
and
S.G.Osborn
(1996).
Peptide, disulfide, and glycosylation mapping of recombinant human thrombopoietin from ser1 to Arg246.
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Biochemistry, 35,
14849-14861.
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C.L.Jiang,
C.L.Lu,
and
X.Y.Liu
(1995).
Multiple actions of cytokines on the CNS.
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Trends Neurosci, 18,
296.
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D.Blottner,
Z.Grozdanovic,
and
R.Gossrau
(1995).
Histochemistry of nitric oxide synthase in the nervous system.
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Histochem J, 27,
785-811.
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S.A.Benner
(1995).
Predicting the conformation of proteins from sequences. Progress and future progress.
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J Mol Recognit, 8,
9.
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U.K.Hanisch,
and
R.Quirion
(1995).
Interleukin-2 as a neuroregulatory cytokine.
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Brain Res Brain Res Rev, 21,
246-284.
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C.J.Morton,
R.J.Simpson,
and
R.S.Norton
(1994).
Solution structure of synthetic peptides corresponding to the C-terminal helix of interleukin-6.
|
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Eur J Biochem, 219,
97.
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C.Redfield,
R.A.Smith,
and
C.M.Dobson
(1994).
Structural characterization of a highly-ordered 'molten globule' at low pH.
|
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Nat Struct Biol, 1,
23-29.
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D.A.Rozwarski,
A.M.Gronenborn,
G.M.Clore,
J.F.Bazan,
A.Bohm,
A.Wlodawer,
M.Hatada,
and
P.A.Karplus
(1994).
Structural comparisons among the short-chain helical cytokines.
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Structure, 2,
159-173.
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J.G.Giri,
M.Ahdieh,
J.Eisenman,
K.Shanebeck,
K.Grabstein,
S.Kumaki,
A.Namen,
L.S.Park,
D.Cosman,
and
D.Anderson
(1994).
Utilization of the beta and gamma chains of the IL-2 receptor by the novel cytokine IL-15.
|
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EMBO J, 13,
2822-2830.
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T.N.Wells,
P.Graber,
A.E.Proudfoot,
C.Y.Arod,
S.R.Jordan,
M.H.Lambert,
A.M.Hassel,
and
M.V.Milburn
(1994).
The three-dimensional structure of human interleukin-5 at 2.4-angstroms resolution: implication for the structures of other cytokines.
|
| |
Ann N Y Acad Sci, 725,
118-127.
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A.Wlodawer,
A.Pavlovsky,
and
A.Gustchina
(1993).
Hematopoietic cytokines: similarities and differences in the structures, with implications for receptor binding.
|
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Protein Sci, 2,
1373-1382.
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C.M.Owczarek,
M.J.Layton,
D.Metcalf,
P.Lock,
T.A.Willson,
N.M.Gough,
and
N.A.Nicola
(1993).
Inter-species chimeras of leukaemia inhibitory factor define a major human receptor-binding determinant.
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EMBO J, 12,
3487-3495.
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C.P.Hill,
T.D.Osslund,
and
D.Eisenberg
(1993).
The structure of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor and its relationship to other growth factors.
|
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90,
5167-5171.
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PDB code:
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G.Aversa,
J.Punnonen,
B.G.Cocks,
R.de Waal Malefyt,
F.Vega,
S.M.Zurawski,
G.Zurawski,
and
J.E.de Vries
(1993).
An interleukin 4 (IL-4) mutant protein inhibits both IL-4 or IL-13-induced human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) and IgE synthesis and B cell proliferation: support for a common component shared by IL-4 and IL-13 receptors.
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J Exp Med, 178,
2213-2218.
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J.Bajorath,
R.Stenkamp,
and
A.Aruffo
(1993).
Knowledge-based model building of proteins: concepts and examples.
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Protein Sci, 2,
1798-1810.
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PDB code:
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J.L.Boulay,
and
W.E.Paul
(1993).
Hematopoietin sub-family classification based on size, gene organization and sequence homology.
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Curr Biol, 3,
573-581.
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J.T.Rubin
(1993).
Interleukin-2: its biology and clinical application in patients with cancer.
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Cancer Invest, 11,
460-472.
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K.Hollfelder,
F.Rabban,
F.Wang,
and
Y.C.Pan
(1993).
Limited tryptic digestion of recombinant human interleukin-2: structure-binding relationships with the alpha chain of the interleukin-2 receptor.
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J Protein Chem, 12,
435-442.
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N.Kruse,
B.J.Shen,
S.Arnold,
H.P.Tony,
T.Müller,
and
W.Sebald
(1993).
Two distinct functional sites of human interleukin 4 are identified by variants impaired in either receptor binding or receptor activation.
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EMBO J, 12,
5121-5129.
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O.Silvennoinen,
B.A.Witthuhn,
F.W.Quelle,
J.L.Cleveland,
T.Yi,
and
J.N.Ihle
(1993).
Structure of the murine Jak2 protein-tyrosine kinase and its role in interleukin 3 signal transduction.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90,
8429-8433.
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P.Bamborough,
G.H.Grant,
C.J.Hedgecock,
S.P.West,
and
W.G.Richards
(1993).
A computer model of the interleukin-4/receptor complex.
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Proteins, 17,
11-19.
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S.D.Voss,
T.P.Leary,
P.M.Sondel,
and
R.J.Robb
(1993).
Identification of a direct interaction between interleukin 2 and the p64 interleukin 2 receptor gamma chain.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90,
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S.M.Zurawski,
F.Vega,
B.Huyghe,
and
G.Zurawski
(1993).
Receptors for interleukin-13 and interleukin-4 are complex and share a novel component that functions in signal transduction.
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EMBO J, 12,
2663-2670.
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S.M.Zurawski,
F.Vega,
E.L.Doyle,
B.Huyghe,
K.Flaherty,
D.B.McKay,
and
G.Zurawski
(1993).
Definition and spatial location of mouse interleukin-2 residues that interact with its heterotrimeric receptor.
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EMBO J, 12,
5113-5119.
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T.A.Waldmann
(1993).
The IL-2/IL-2 receptor system: a target for rational immune intervention.
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Trends Pharmacol Sci, 14,
159-164.
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Y.Mitsui,
T.Senda,
T.Shimazu,
S.Matsuda,
and
J.Utsumi
(1993).
Structural, functional and evolutionary implications of the three-dimensional crystal structure of murine interferon-beta.
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Pharmacol Ther, 58,
93.
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A.R.Neurath,
N.Strick,
and
Y.Y.Li
(1992).
Cells transfected with human interleukin 6 cDNA acquire binding sites for the hepatitis B virus envelope protein.
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J Exp Med, 176,
1561-1569.
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The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be
only a partial list as not all journals are covered by
either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data
so more and more references will be included with time.
Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB
code is
shown on the right.
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Links
