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Hydrolase (o-glycosyl)
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PDB id
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3cbh
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Contents |
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* Residue conservation analysis
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* C-alpha coords only
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Enzyme class:
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E.C.3.2.1.91
- Cellulose 1,4-beta-cellobiosidase (non-reducing end).
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Reaction:
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Hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.
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Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation
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Biological process
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carbohydrate metabolic process
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2 terms
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Biochemical function
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hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
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1 term
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DOI no:
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Science
249:380-386
(1990)
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PubMed id:
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Three-dimensional structure of cellobiohydrolase II from Trichoderma reesei.
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J.Rouvinen,
T.Bergfors,
T.Teeri,
J.K.Knowles,
T.A.Jones.
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ABSTRACT
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The enzymatic degradation of cellulose is an important process, both
ecologically and commercially. The three-dimensional structure of a cellulase,
the enzymatic core of CBHII from the fungus Trichoderma reesei reveals an
alpha-beta protein with a fold similar to but different from the widely
occurring barrel topology first observed in triose phosphate isomerase. The
active site of CBHII is located at the carboxyl-terminal end of a parallel beta
barrel, in an enclosed tunnel through which the cellulose threads. Two aspartic
acid residues, located in the center of the tunnel are the probable catalytic
residues.
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
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| |
PubMed id
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Reference
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.Y.Chu,
C.W.Tseng,
P.Y.Yueh,
C.H.Duan,
and
J.R.Liu
(2011).
Molecular cloning and characterization of a β-glucanase from Piromyces rhizinflatus.
|
| |
J Biosci Bioeng, 111,
541-546.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.D.Sprockett,
H.Piontkivska,
and
C.B.Blackwood
(2011).
Evolutionary analysis of glycosyl hydrolase family 28 (GH28) suggests lineage-specific expansions in necrotrophic fungal pathogens.
|
| |
Gene, 479,
29-36.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.J.Yin,
S.T.Jiang,
S.H.Pon,
and
H.H.Lin
(2010).
Hydrolysis of Chlorella by Cellulomonas sp. YJ5 cellulases and its biofunctional properties.
|
| |
J Food Sci, 75,
H317-H323.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Saharay,
H.Guo,
and
J.C.Smith
(2010).
Catalytic mechanism of cellulose degradation by a cellobiohydrolase, CelS.
|
| |
PLoS One, 5,
e12947.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.E.Lantz,
F.Goedegebuur,
R.Hommes,
T.Kaper,
B.R.Kelemen,
C.Mitchinson,
L.Wallace,
J.Ståhlberg,
and
E.A.Larenas
(2010).
Hypocrea jecorina CEL6A protein engineering.
|
| |
Biotechnol Biofuels, 3,
20.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.Zakariassen,
B.B.Aam,
S.J.Horn,
K.M.Vårum,
M.Sørlie,
and
V.G.Eijsink
(2009).
Aromatic residues in the catalytic center of chitinase A from Serratia marcescens affect processivity, enzyme activity, and biomass converting efficiency.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 284,
10610-10617.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Dashtban,
H.Schraft,
and
W.Qin
(2009).
Fungal bioconversion of lignocellulosic residues; opportunities & perspectives.
|
| |
Int J Biol Sci, 5,
578-595.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Maki,
K.T.Leung,
and
W.Qin
(2009).
The prospects of cellulase-producing bacteria for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.
|
| |
Int J Biol Sci, 5,
500-516.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Yoshida,
K.Sato,
S.Kaneko,
and
K.Fukuda
(2009).
Cloning and transcript analysis of multiple genes encoding the glycoside hydrolase family 6 enzyme from Coprinopsis cinerea.
|
| |
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 73,
67-73.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.V.Vuong,
and
D.B.Wilson
(2009).
The absence of an identifiable single catalytic base residue in Thermobifida fusca exocellulase Cel6B.
|
| |
FEBS J, 276,
3837-3845.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.V.Vuong,
and
D.B.Wilson
(2009).
Processivity, synergism, and substrate specificity of Thermobifida fusca Cel6B.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 75,
6655-6661.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.Kurakata,
T.Tonozuka,
Y.Liu,
S.Kaneko,
A.Nishikawa,
K.Fukuda,
and
M.Yoshida
(2009).
Heterologous expression, crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization of CcCel6C, a glycoside hydrolase family 6 enzyme from the basidiomycete Coprinopsis cinerea.
|
| |
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 65,
140-143.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.B.Wilson
(2008).
Three microbial strategies for plant cell wall degradation.
|
| |
Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1125,
289-297.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I.Herpoel-Gimbert,
A.Margeot,
A.Dolla,
G.Jan,
D.Molle,
S.Lignon,
H.Mathis,
J.C.Sigoillot,
F.Monot,
and
M.Asther
(2008).
Comparative secretome analyses of two Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 and CL847 hypersecretory strains.
|
| |
Biotechnol Biofuels, 1,
18.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.G.Ljungdahl
(2008).
The cellulase/hemicellulase system of the anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces PC-2 and aspects of its applied use.
|
| |
Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1125,
308-321.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V.G.Eijsink,
G.Vaaje-Kolstad,
K.M.Vårum,
and
S.J.Horn
(2008).
Towards new enzymes for biofuels: lessons from chitinase research.
|
| |
Trends Biotechnol, 26,
228-235.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.Mertz,
A.D.Hill,
C.Mulakala,
and
P.J.Reilly
(2007).
Automated docking to explore subsite binding by glycoside hydrolase family 6 cellobiohydrolases and endoglucanases.
|
| |
Biopolymers, 87,
249-260.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.Nakamura,
S.Mine,
Y.Hagihara,
K.Ishikawa,
and
K.Uegaki
(2007).
Structure of the catalytic domain of the hyperthermophilic chitinase from Pyrococcus furiosus.
|
| |
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 63,
7.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
|
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|
|
G.Michel,
P.Nyval-Collen,
T.Barbeyron,
M.Czjzek,
and
W.Helbert
(2006).
Bioconversion of red seaweed galactans: a focus on bacterial agarases and carrageenases.
|
| |
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 71,
23-33.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.Stern,
and
M.J.Jedrzejas
(2006).
Hyaluronidases: their genomics, structures, and mechanisms of action.
|
| |
Chem Rev, 106,
818-839.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.J.Horn,
A.Sørbotten,
B.Synstad,
P.Sikorski,
M.Sørlie,
K.M.Vårum,
and
V.G.Eijsink
(2006).
Endo/exo mechanism and processivity of family 18 chitinases produced by Serratia marcescens.
|
| |
FEBS J, 273,
491-503.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.J.Horn,
P.Sikorski,
J.B.Cederkvist,
G.Vaaje-Kolstad,
M.Sørlie,
B.Synstad,
G.Vriend,
K.M.Vårum,
and
V.G.Eijsink
(2006).
Costs and benefits of processivity in enzymatic degradation of recalcitrant polysaccharides.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 103,
18089-18094.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.R.Hughes,
S.B.Riedmuller,
J.A.Mertens,
X.L.Li,
K.M.Bischoff,
N.Qureshi,
M.A.Cotta,
and
P.J.Farrelly
(2006).
High-throughput screening of cellulase F mutants from multiplexed plasmid sets using an automated plate assay on a functional proteomic robotic workcell.
|
| |
Proteome Sci, 4,
10.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Sørbotten,
S.J.Horn,
V.G.Eijsink,
and
K.M.Vårum
(2005).
Degradation of chitosans with chitinase B from Serratia marcescens. Production of chito-oligosaccharides and insight into enzyme processivity.
|
| |
FEBS J, 272,
538-549.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.Mertz,
R.S.Kuczenski,
R.T.Larsen,
A.D.Hill,
and
P.J.Reilly
(2005).
Phylogenetic analysis of family 6 glycoside hydrolases.
|
| |
Biopolymers, 79,
197-206.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.S.Park,
T.Kawaguchi,
J.Sumitani,
G.Takada,
K.Izumori,
and
M.Arai
(2005).
Cloning and sequencing of an exoglucanase gene from Streptomyces sp. M 23, and its expression in Streptomyces lividans TK-24.
|
| |
J Biosci Bioeng, 99,
434-436.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.Y.Zhu,
Y.Q.Zhu,
Y.Xiang,
and
D.C.Wang
(2005).
Optimizing protein crystal growth through dynamic seeding.
|
| |
Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr, 61,
772-775.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.B.Wilson
(2004).
Studies of Thermobifida fusca plant cell wall degrading enzymes.
|
| |
Chem Rec, 4,
72-82.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.Akeboshi,
T.Tonozuka,
T.Furukawa,
K.Ichikawa,
H.Aoki,
A.Shimonishi,
A.Nishikawa,
and
Y.Sakano
(2004).
Insights into the reaction mechanism of glycosyl hydrolase family 49. Site-directed mutagenesis and substrate preference of isopullulanase.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 271,
4420-4427.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.Hildén,
and
G.Johansson
(2004).
Recent developments on cellulases and carbohydrate-binding modules with cellulose affinity.
|
| |
Biotechnol Lett, 26,
1683-1693.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.S.Mosier,
J.J.Wilker,
and
M.R.Ladisch
(2004).
Rapid chromatography for evaluating adsorption characteristics of cellulase binding domain mimetics.
|
| |
Biotechnol Bioeng, 86,
756-764.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.Eriksson,
I.Stals,
A.Collén,
F.Tjerneld,
M.Claeyssens,
H.Stålbrand,
and
H.Brumer
(2004).
Heterogeneity of homologously expressed Hypocrea jecorina (Trichoderma reesei) Cel7B catalytic module.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 271,
1266-1276.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.H.Zhang,
and
L.R.Lynd
(2004).
Toward an aggregated understanding of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose: noncomplexed cellulase systems.
|
| |
Biotechnol Bioeng, 88,
797-824.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.M.Larsson,
R.Andersson,
J.Ståhlberg,
L.Kenne,
and
T.A.Jones
(2003).
Dextranase from Penicillium minioluteum: reaction course, crystal structure, and product complex.
|
| |
Structure, 11,
1111-1121.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Teplyakov,
G.Obmolova,
P.P.Khil,
A.J.Howard,
R.D.Camerini-Otero,
and
G.L.Gilliland
(2003).
Crystal structure of the Escherichia coli YcdX protein reveals a trinuclear zinc active site.
|
| |
Proteins, 51,
315-318.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Varrot,
T.P.Frandsen,
I.von Ossowski,
V.Boyer,
S.Cottaz,
H.Driguez,
M.Schülein,
and
G.J.Davies
(2003).
Structural basis for ligand binding and processivity in cellobiohydrolase Cel6A from Humicola insolens.
|
| |
Structure, 11,
855-864.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
H.J.Bae,
G.Turcotte,
H.Chamberland,
S.Karita,
and
L.P.Vézina
(2003).
A comparative study between an endoglucanase IV and its fused protein complex Cel5-CBM6.
|
| |
FEMS Microbiol Lett, 227,
175-181.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.Jung,
D.B.Wilson,
and
L.P.Walker
(2003).
Binding and reversibility of Thermobifida fusca Cel5A, Cel6B, and Cel48A and their respective catalytic domains to bacterial microcrystalline cellulose.
|
| |
Biotechnol Bioeng, 84,
151-159.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Varrot,
T.P.Frandsen,
H.Driguez,
and
G.J.Davies
(2002).
Structure of the Humicola insolens cellobiohydrolase Cel6A D416A mutant in complex with a non-hydrolysable substrate analogue, methyl cellobiosyl-4-thio-beta-cellobioside, at 1.9 A.
|
| |
Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr, 58,
2201-2204.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.Mulakala,
and
P.J.Reilly
(2002).
Understanding protein structure-function relationships in Family 47 alpha-1,2-mannosidases through computational docking of ligands.
|
| |
Proteins, 49,
125-134.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Parsiegla,
A.Belaïch,
J.P.Belaïch,
and
R.Haser
(2002).
Crystal structure of the cellulase Cel9M enlightens structure/function relationships of the variable catalytic modules in glycoside hydrolases.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 41,
11134-11142.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I.Kwon,
K.Ekino,
T.Oka,
M.Goto,
and
K.Furukawa
(2002).
Effects of amino acid alterations on the transglycosylation reaction of endoglucanase I from Trichoderma viride HK-75.
|
| |
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 66,
110-116.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.R.Lynd,
P.J.Weimer,
W.H.van Zyl,
and
I.S.Pretorius
(2002).
Microbial cellulose utilization: fundamentals and biotechnology.
|
| |
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, 66,
506.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.S.Mosier,
C.M.Ladisch,
and
M.R.Ladisch
(2002).
Characterization of acid catalytic domains for cellulose hydrolysis and glucose degradation.
|
| |
Biotechnol Bioeng, 79,
610-618.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.Boisset,
C.Pétrequin,
H.Chanzy,
B.Henrissat,
and
M.Schülein
(2001).
Optimized mixtures of recombinant Humicola insolens cellulases for the biodegradation of crystalline cellulose.
|
| |
Biotechnol Bioeng, 72,
339-345.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.C.Lee,
D.W.Wong,
and
G.H.Robertson
(2001).
Cloning and characterization of two cellulase genes from Lentinula edodes.
|
| |
FEMS Microbiol Lett, 205,
355-360.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Michel,
L.Chantalat,
E.Duee,
T.Barbeyron,
B.Henrissat,
B.Kloareg,
and
O.Dideberg
(2001).
The kappa-carrageenase of P. carrageenovora features a tunnel-shaped active site: a novel insight in the evolution of Clan-B glycoside hydrolases.
|
| |
Structure, 9,
513-525.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.Karlsson,
M.Saloheimo,
M.Siika-Aho,
M.Tenkanen,
M.Penttilä,
and
F.Tjerneld
(2001).
Homologous expression and characterization of Cel61A (EG IV) of Trichoderma reesei.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 268,
6498-6507.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.Béra-Maillet,
L.Arthaud,
P.Abad,
and
M.N.Rosso
(2000).
Biochemical characterization of MI-ENG1, a family 5 endoglucanase secreted by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 267,
3255-3263.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.Boisset,
C.Fraschini,
M.Schülein,
B.Henrissat,
and
H.Chanzy
(2000).
Imaging the enzymatic digestion of bacterial cellulose ribbons reveals the endo character of the cellobiohydrolase Cel6A from Humicola insolens and its mode of synergy with cellobiohydrolase Cel7A.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 66,
1444-1452.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.M.van Aalten,
B.Synstad,
M.B.Brurberg,
E.Hough,
B.W.Riise,
V.G.Eijsink,
and
R.K.Wierenga
(2000).
Structure of a two-domain chitotriosidase from Serratia marcescens at 1.9-A resolution.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 97,
5842-5847.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.Zhang,
B.K.Barr,
and
D.B.Wilson
(2000).
Effects of noncatalytic residue mutations on substrate specificity and ligand binding of Thermobifida fusca endocellulase cel6A.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 267,
244-252.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.Zhang,
D.C.Irwin,
and
D.B.Wilson
(2000).
Site-directed mutation of noncatalytic residues of Thermobifida fusca exocellulase Cel6B.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 267,
3101-3115.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.Y.Wong,
L.A.Preston,
and
N.L.Schiller
(2000).
ALGINATE LYASE: review of major sources and enzyme characteristics, structure-function analysis, biological roles, and applications.
|
| |
Annu Rev Microbiol, 54,
289-340.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z.Marković-Housley,
G.Miglierini,
L.Soldatova,
P.J.Rizkallah,
U.Müller,
and
T.Schirmer
(2000).
Crystal structure of hyaluronidase, a major allergen of bee venom.
|
| |
Structure, 8,
1025-1035.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Varrot,
M.Schülein,
and
G.J.Davies
(1999).
Structural changes of the active site tunnel of Humicola insolens cellobiohydrolase, Cel6A, upon oligosaccharide binding.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 38,
8884-8891.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.D.Ly,
and
S.G.Withers
(1999).
Mutagenesis of glycosidases.
|
| |
Annu Rev Biochem, 68,
487-522.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.Palonen,
M.Tenkanen,
and
M.Linder
(1999).
Dynamic interaction of Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolases Cel6A and Cel7A and cellulose at equilibrium and during hydrolysis.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 65,
5229-5233.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.Zou,
G.J.Kleywegt,
J.Ståhlberg,
H.Driguez,
W.Nerinckx,
M.Claeyssens,
A.Koivula,
T.T.Teeri,
and
T.A.Jones
(1999).
Crystallographic evidence for substrate ring distortion and protein conformational changes during catalysis in cellobiohydrolase Ce16A from trichoderma reesei.
|
| |
Structure, 7,
1035-1045.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.W.Bauer,
L.E.Driskill,
W.Callen,
M.A.Snead,
E.J.Mathur,
and
R.M.Kelly
(1999).
An endoglucanase, EglA, from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus hydrolyzes beta-1,4 bonds in mixed-linkage (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-D-glucans and cellulose.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 181,
284-290.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.Li,
and
V.Renganathan
(1998).
Gene cloning and characterization of a novel cellulose-binding beta-glucosidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 64,
2748-2754.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Parsiegla,
M.Juy,
C.Reverbel-Leroy,
C.Tardif,
J.P.Belaïch,
H.Driguez,
and
R.Haser
(1998).
The crystal structure of the processive endocellulase CelF of Clostridium cellulolyticum in complex with a thiooligosaccharide inhibitor at 2.0 A resolution.
|
| |
EMBO J, 17,
5551-5562.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.Medve,
J.Karlsson,
D.Lee,
and
F.Tjerneld
(1998).
Hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose by cellobiohydrolase I and endoglucanase II from Trichoderma reesei: adsorption, sugar production pattern, and synergism of the enzymes.
|
| |
Biotechnol Bioeng, 59,
621-634.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.Gruber,
G.Klintschar,
M.Hayn,
A.Schlacher,
W.Steiner,
and
C.Kratky
(1998).
Thermophilic xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus: high-resolution X-ray structure and modeling studies.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 37,
13475-13485.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Sulzenbacher,
M.Schülein,
and
G.J.Davies
(1997).
Structure of the endoglucanase I from Fusarium oxysporum: native, cellobiose, and 3,4-epoxybutyl beta-D-cellobioside-inhibited forms, at 2.3 A resolution.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 36,
5902-5911.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.C.Eads,
D.Ozturk,
T.B.Wexler,
C.Grubmeyer,
and
J.C.Sacchettini
(1997).
A new function for a common fold: the crystal structure of quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase.
|
| |
Structure, 5,
47-58.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.Sakon,
D.Irwin,
D.B.Wilson,
and
P.A.Karplus
(1997).
Structure and mechanism of endo/exocellulase E4 from Thermomonospora fusca.
|
| |
Nat Struct Biol, 4,
810-818.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.K.Bhat,
and
S.Bhat
(1997).
Cellulose degrading enzymes and their potential industrial applications.
|
| |
Biotechnol Adv, 15,
583-620.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Saloheimo,
T.Nakari-Setälä,
M.Tenkanen,
and
M.Penttilä
(1997).
cDNA cloning of a Trichoderma reesei cellulase and demonstration of endoglucanase activity by expression in yeast.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 249,
584-591.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.L.Li,
H.Chen,
and
L.G.Ljungdahl
(1997).
Two cellulases, CelA and CelC, from the polycentric anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces strain PC-2 contain N-terminal docking domains for a cellulase-hemicellulase complex.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 63,
4721-4728.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.K.Barr,
Y.L.Hsieh,
B.Ganem,
and
D.B.Wilson
(1996).
Identification of two functionally different classes of exocellulases.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 35,
586-592.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.Sakon,
W.S.Adney,
M.E.Himmel,
S.R.Thomas,
and
P.A.Karplus
(1996).
Crystal structure of thermostable family 5 endocellulase E1 from Acidothermus cellulolyticus in complex with cellotetraose.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 35,
10648-10660.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.M.Kleman-Leyer,
M.Siika-Aho,
T.T.Teeri,
and
T.K.Kirk
(1996).
The Cellulases Endoglucanase I and Cellobiohydrolase II of Trichoderma reesei Act Synergistically To Solubilize Native Cotton Cellulose but Not To Decrease Its Molecular Size.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 62,
2883-2887.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.M.Alzari,
H.Souchon,
and
R.Dominguez
(1996).
The crystal structure of endoglucanase CelA, a family 8 glycosyl hydrolase from Clostridium thermocellum.
|
| |
Structure, 4,
265-275.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.Tomme,
E.Kwan,
N.R.Gilkes,
D.G.Kilburn,
and
R.A.Warren
(1996).
Characterization of CenC, an enzyme from Cellulomonas fimi with both endo- and exoglucanase activities.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 178,
4216-4223.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.Denman,
G.P.Xue,
and
B.Patel
(1996).
Characterization of a Neocallimastix patriciarum cellulase cDNA (celA) homologous to Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase II.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 62,
1889-1896.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.Janecek
(1996).
Invariant glycines and prolines flanking in loops the strand beta 2 of various (alpha/beta)8-barrel enzymes: a hidden homology?
|
| |
Protein Sci, 5,
1136-1143.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V.Harjunpää,
A.Teleman,
A.Koivula,
L.Ruohonen,
T.T.Teeri,
O.Teleman,
and
T.Drakenberg
(1996).
Cello-oligosaccharide hydrolysis by cellobiohydrolase II from Trichoderma reesei. Association and rate constants derived from an analysis of progress curves.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 240,
584-591.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V.Pavone,
G.Gaeta,
A.Lombardi,
F.Nastri,
O.Maglio,
C.Isernia,
and
M.Saviano
(1996).
Discovering protein secondary structures: classification and description of isolated alpha-turns.
|
| |
Biopolymers, 38,
705-721.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Teleman,
A.Koivula,
T.Reinikainen,
A.Valkeajärvi,
T.T.Teeri,
T.Drakenberg,
and
O.Teleman
(1995).
Progress-curve analysis shows that glucose inhibits the cellotriose hydrolysis catalysed by cellobiohydrolase II from Trichoderma reesei.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 231,
250-258.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.W.Heinz,
M.Ryan,
T.L.Bullock,
and
O.H.Griffith
(1995).
Crystal structure of the phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus in complex with myo-inositol.
|
| |
EMBO J, 14,
3855-3863.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Davies,
and
B.Henrissat
(1995).
Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases.
|
| |
Structure, 3,
853-859.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.Dominguez,
H.Souchon,
S.Spinelli,
Z.Dauter,
K.S.Wilson,
S.Chauvaux,
P.Béguin,
and
P.M.Alzari
(1995).
A common protein fold and similar active site in two distinct families of beta-glycanases.
|
| |
Nat Struct Biol, 2,
569-576.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.G.Withers,
and
R.Aebersold
(1995).
Approaches to labeling and identification of active site residues in glycosidases.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 4,
361-372.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.Sakamoto,
G.Tamura,
K.Ito,
T.Ishikawa,
K.Iwano,
and
N.Nishiya
(1995).
Cloning and sequencing of cellulase cDNA from Aspergillus kawachii and its expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
| |
Curr Genet, 27,
435-439.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V.Ducros,
M.Czjzek,
A.Belaich,
C.Gaudin,
H.P.Fierobe,
J.P.Belaich,
G.J.Davies,
and
R.Haser
(1995).
Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of a bacterial cellulase belonging to family 5.
|
| |
Structure, 3,
939-949.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.C.Terwisscha van Scheltinga,
K.H.Kalk,
J.J.Beintema,
and
B.W.Dijkstra
(1994).
Crystal structures of hevamine, a plant defence protein with chitinase and lysozyme activity, and its complex with an inhibitor.
|
| |
Structure, 2,
1181-1189.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Meinke,
N.R.Gilkes,
E.Kwan,
D.G.Kilburn,
R.A.Warren,
and
R.C.Miller
(1994).
Cellobiohydrolase A (CbhA) from the cellulolytic bacterium Cellulomonas fimi is a beta-1,4-exocellobiohydrolase analogous to Trichoderma reesei CBH II.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 12,
413-422.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Saloheimo,
B.Henrissat,
A.M.Hoffrén,
O.Teleman,
and
M.Penttilä
(1994).
A novel, small endoglucanase gene, egl5, from Trichoderma reesei isolated by expression in yeast.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 13,
219-228.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Törrönen,
A.Harkki,
and
J.Rouvinen
(1994).
Three-dimensional structure of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase II from Trichoderma reesei: two conformational states in the active site.
|
| |
EMBO J, 13,
2493-2501.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.A.Tempelaars,
P.R.Birch,
P.F.Sims,
and
P.Broda
(1994).
Isolation, characterization, and analysis of the expression of the cbhII gene of Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 60,
4387-4393.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.E.Norris,
T.J.Stillman,
B.F.Anderson,
and
E.N.Baker
(1994).
The three-dimensional structure of PNGase F, a glycosylasparaginase from Flavobacterium meningosepticum.
|
| |
Structure, 2,
1049-1059.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.W.Harris,
J.A.Jenkins,
I.Connerton,
N.Cummings,
L.Lo Leggio,
M.Scott,
G.P.Hazlewood,
J.I.Laurie,
H.J.Gilbert,
and
R.W.Pickersgill
(1994).
Structure of the catalytic core of the family F xylanase from Pseudomonas fluorescens and identification of the xylopentaose-binding sites.
|
| |
Structure, 2,
1107-1116.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I.García,
J.M.Lora,
J.de la Cruz,
T.Benítez,
A.Llobell,
and
J.A.Pintor-Toro
(1994).
Cloning and characterization of a chitinase (chit42) cDNA from the mycoparasitic fungus Trichoderma harzianum.
|
| |
Curr Genet, 27,
83-89.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.N.Varghese,
T.P.Garrett,
P.M.Colman,
L.Chen,
P.B.Høj,
and
G.B.Fincher
(1994).
Three-dimensional structures of two plant beta-glucan endohydrolases with distinct substrate specificities.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91,
2785-2789.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.Béguin,
and
J.P.Aubert
(1994).
The biological degradation of cellulose.
|
| |
FEMS Microbiol Rev, 13,
25-58.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.Dominguez,
H.Souchon,
and
P.M.Alzari
(1994).
Characterization of two crystal forms of Clostridium thermocellum endoglucanase CelC.
|
| |
Proteins, 19,
158-160.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.W.Wakarchuk,
R.L.Campbell,
W.L.Sung,
J.Davoodi,
and
M.Yaguchi
(1994).
Mutational and crystallographic analyses of the active site residues of the Bacillus circulans xylanase.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 3,
467-475.
|
|
|
PDB code:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.Schou,
G.Rasmussen,
M.B.Kaltoft,
B.Henrissat,
and
M.Schülein
(1993).
Stereochemistry, specificity and kinetics of the hydrolysis of reduced cellodextrins by nine cellulases.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 217,
947-953.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.Blaak,
J.Schnellmann,
S.Walter,
B.Henrissat,
and
H.Schrempf
(1993).
Characteristics of an exochitinase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis, its corresponding gene, putative protein domains and relationship to other chitinases.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 214,
659-669.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.J.Belshaw,
and
G.Williamson
(1993).
Specificity of the binding domain of glucoamylase 1.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 211,
717-724.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.Janecek,
and
S.Baláz
(1993).
Evolution of parallel beta/alpha-barrel enzyme family lightened by structural data on starch-processing enzymes.
|
| |
J Protein Chem, 12,
509-514.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.Keitel,
O.Simon,
R.Borriss,
and
U.Heinemann
(1993).
Molecular and active-site structure of a Bacillus 1,3-1,4-beta-glucanase.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 90,
5287-5291.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.S.Black,
L.Kiss,
D.Tull,
and
S.G.Withers
(1993).
N-bromoacetyl-glycopyranosylamines as affinity labels for a beta-glucosidase and a cellulase.
|
| |
Carbohydr Res, 250,
195-202.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Belaich,
H.P.Fierobe,
D.Baty,
B.Busetta,
C.Bagnara-Tardif,
C.Gaudin,
and
J.P.Belaich
(1992).
The catalytic domain of endoglucanase A from Clostridium cellulolyticum: effects of arginine 79 and histidine 122 mutations on catalysis.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 174,
4677-4682.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.Svensson,
and
M.R.Sierks
(1992).
Roles of the aromatic side chains in the binding of substrates, inhibitors, and cyclomalto-oligosaccharides to the glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger probed by perturbation difference spectroscopy, chemical modification, and mutagenesis.
|
| |
Carbohydr Res, 227,
29-44.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.B.Wilson
(1992).
Biochemistry and genetics of actinomycete cellulases.
|
| |
Crit Rev Biotechnol, 12,
45-63.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.M.Fernández-Abalos,
P.Sánchez,
P.M.Coll,
J.R.Villanueva,
P.Pérez,
and
R.I.Santamaría
(1992).
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of celA1, and endo-beta-1,4-glucanase-encoding gene from Streptomyces halstedii JM8.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 174,
6368-6376.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Claeyssens,
and
B.Henrissat
(1992).
Specificity mapping of cellulolytic enzymes: classification into families of structurally related proteins confirmed by biochemical analysis.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 1,
1293-1297.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.F.Covert,
A.Vanden Wymelenberg,
and
D.Cullen
(1992).
Structure, organization, and transcription of a cellobiohydrolase gene cluster from Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 58,
2168-2175.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E.A.Utt,
C.K.Eddy,
K.F.Keshav,
and
L.O.Ingram
(1991).
Sequencing and expression of the Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens xylB gene encoding a novel bifunctional protein with beta-D-xylosidase and alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase activities.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 57,
1227-1234.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.B.Coutinho,
B.Moser,
D.G.Kilburn,
R.A.Warren,
and
R.C.Miller
(1991).
Nucleotide sequence of the endoglucanase C gene (cenC) of Cellulomonas fimi, its high-level expression in Escherichia coli, and characterization of its products.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 5,
1221-1233.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.Lloberas,
J.A.Perez-Pons,
and
E.Querol
(1991).
Molecular cloning, expression and nucleotide sequence of the endo-beta-1,3-1,4-D-glucanase gene from Bacillus licheniformis. Predictive structural analyses of the encoded polypeptide.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 197,
337-343.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.Bronnenmeier,
K.P.Rücknagel,
and
W.L.Staudenbauer
(1991).
Purification and properties of a novel type of exo-1,4-beta-glucanase (avicelase II) from the cellulolytic thermophile Clostridium stercorarium.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 200,
379-385.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.R.Gilkes,
B.Henrissat,
D.G.Kilburn,
R.C.Miller,
and
R.A.Warren
(1991).
Domains in microbial beta-1, 4-glycanases: sequence conservation, function, and enzyme families.
|
| |
Microbiol Rev, 55,
303-315.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.R.Gilkes,
M.Claeyssens,
R.Aebersold,
B.Henrissat,
A.Meinke,
H.D.Morrison,
D.G.Kilburn,
R.A.Warren,
and
R.C.Miller
(1991).
Structural and functional relationships in two families of beta-1,4-glycanases.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 202,
367-377.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.W.Goodenough,
D.C.Clark,
A.J.Durrant,
H.J.Gilbert,
G.P.Hazlewood,
and
G.Waksman
(1991).
Structural analysis by circular dichroism of some enzymes involved in plant cell wall degradation.
|
| |
FEBS Lett, 282,
355-358.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be
only a partial list as not all journals are covered by
either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data
so more and more references will be included with time.
Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB
code is
shown on the right.
|
|
Links
