spacer
spacer
Go to PDB code: 
protein dna_rna Protein-protein interface(s) links
Transcription/DNA PDB id
1par
Jmol
Contents
Protein chains
52 a.a.
DNA/RNA
Waters ×45
PDB id:
1par
Name: Transcription/DNA
Title: DNA recognition by beta-sheets in the arc repressor- operator crystal structure
Structure: DNA (5'- d( Tp Ap Tp Ap Gp Tp Ap Gp Ap Gp Tp Gp Cp Tp Tp Cp T p Ap Tp Cp Ap T)- 3'). Chain: e. Engineered: yes. DNA (5'- d( Ap Ap Tp Gp Ap Tp Ap Gp Ap Ap Gp Cp Ap Cp Tp Cp T p Ap Cp Tp Ap T)- 3'). Chain: f.
Source: Synthetic: yes. Enterobacteria phage p22. Organism_taxid: 10754
Biol. unit: Hexamer (from PQS)
Resolution:
2.60Å     R-factor:   0.225    
Authors: B.E.Raumann,M.A.Rould,C.O.Pabo,R.T.Sauer
Key ref: B.E.Raumann et al. (1994). DNA recognition by beta-sheets in the Arc repressor-operator crystal structure. Nature, 367, 754-757. PubMed id: 8107872 DOI: 10.1038/367754a0
Date:
22-Mar-94     Release date:   31-Jul-94    
PROCHECK
Go to PROCHECK summary
 Headers
 References

Protein chains
Pfam   ArchSchema ?
P03050  (RARC_BPP22) -  Transcriptional repressor arc
Seq:
Struc:
53 a.a.
52 a.a.
Key:    PfamA domain  Secondary structure  CATH domain

 Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation 
  GO annot!
  Biological process     regulation of transcription   2 terms 
  Biochemical function     DNA binding     1 term  

 

 
DOI no: 10.1038/367754a0 Nature 367:754-757 (1994)
PubMed id: 8107872  
 
 
DNA recognition by beta-sheets in the Arc repressor-operator crystal structure.
B.E.Raumann, M.A.Rould, C.O.Pabo, R.T.Sauer.
 
  ABSTRACT  
 
Transcription of the ant gene during lytic growth of bacteriophage P22 (ref. 1) is regulated by the cooperative binding of two Arc repressor dimers to a 21-base-pair operator site. Here we report the co-crystal structure of this Arc tetramer-operator complex at 2.6 A resolution. As expected from genetic and structural studies and from the co-crystal structure of the homologous Escherichia coli MetJ repressor, each Arc dimer uses an antiparallel beta-sheet to recognize bases in the major groove. However, the Arc and MetJ complexes differ in several important ways: the beta-sheet-DNA interactions of Arc are far less symmetrical; DNA binding by Arc is accompanied by important conformational changes in the beta-sheet; and Arc uses a different part of its protein surface for dimer-dimer interactions.
 

Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference

  PubMed id Reference
21123191 L.Huang, P.Yin, X.Zhu, Y.Zhang, and K.Ye (2011).
Crystal structure and centromere binding of the plasmid segregation protein ParB from pCXC100.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 39, 2954-2968.
PDB code: 3no7
21336656 N.Chopra, S.Agarwal, S.Verma, S.Bhatnagar, and R.Bhatnagar (2011).
Modeling of the structure and interactions of the B. anthracis antitoxin, MoxX: deletion mutant studies highlight its modular structure and repressor function.
  J Comput Aided Mol Des, 25, 275-291.  
20569269 E.Diago-Navarro, A.M.Hernandez-Arriaga, J.López-Villarejo, A.J.Muñoz-Gómez, M.B.Kamphuis, R.Boelens, M.Lemonnier, and R.Díaz-Orejas (2010).
parD toxin-antitoxin system of plasmid R1--basic contributions, biotechnological applications and relationships with closely-related toxin-antitoxin systems.
  FEBS J, 277, 3097-3117.  
20466807 M.van Dijk, and A.M.Bonvin (2010).
Pushing the limits of what is achievable in protein-DNA docking: benchmarking HADDOCK's performance.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 38, 5634-5647.  
20334529 R.Rohs, X.Jin, S.M.West, R.Joshi, B.Honig, and R.S.Mann (2010).
Origins of specificity in protein-DNA recognition.
  Annu Rev Biochem, 79, 233-269.  
20144952 S.Campagne, O.Saurel, V.Gervais, and A.Milon (2010).
Structural determinants of specific DNA-recognition by the THAP zinc finger.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 38, 3466-3476.
PDB code: 2ko0
19520770 A.M.Hernández-Arriaga, T.S.Rubio-Lepe, M.Espinosa, and G.del Solar (2009).
Repressor CopG prevents access of RNA polymerase to promoter and actively dissociates open complexes.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 37, 4799-4811.  
19450491 A.Marcovitz, and Y.Levy (2009).
Arc-repressor dimerization on DNA: folding rate enhancement by colocalization.
  Biophys J, 96, 4212-4220.  
19114496 A.Varsaki, G.Moncalián, M.d.e.l. .P.Garcillán-Barcia, C.Drainas, and F.de la Cruz (2009).
Analysis of ColE1 MbeC unveils an extended ribbon-helix-helix family of nicking accessory proteins.
  J Bacteriol, 191, 1446-1455.  
19482939 J.Lu, A.den Dulk-Ras, P.J.Hooykaas, and J.N.Glover (2009).
Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirC2 enhances T-DNA transfer and virulence through its C-terminal ribbon-helix-helix DNA-binding fold.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 106, 9643-9648.
PDB code: 2rh3
19759211 L.Ni, S.O.Jensen, N.Ky Tonthat, T.Berg, S.M.Kwong, F.H.Guan, M.H.Brown, R.A.Skurray, N.Firth, and M.A.Schumacher (2009).
The Staphylococcus aureus pSK41 plasmid-encoded ArtA protein is a master regulator of plasmid transmission genes and contains a RHH motif used in alternate DNA-binding modes.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 37, 6970-6983.
PDB code: 3gxq
19747491 M.Overgaard, J.Borch, and K.Gerdes (2009).
RelB and RelE of Escherichia coli form a tight complex that represses transcription via the ribbon-helix-helix motif in RelB.
  J Mol Biol, 394, 183-196.  
19376860 M.Zampini, A.Derome, S.E.Bailey, D.Barillà, and F.Hayes (2009).
Recruitment of the ParG segregation protein to different affinity DNA sites.
  J Bacteriol, 191, 3832-3841.  
18767154 S.Halouska, Y.Zhou, D.F.Becker, and R.Powers (2009).
Solution structure of the Pseudomonas putida protein PpPutA45 and its DNA complex.
  Proteins, 75, 12-27.
PDB codes: 2jxg 2jxh 2jxi
19788177 Z.Ma, F.E.Jacobsen, and D.P.Giedroc (2009).
Coordination chemistry of bacterial metal transport and sensing.
  Chem Rev, 109, 4644-4681.  
18623065 B.N.Borin, and A.M.Krezel (2008).
Structure of HP0564 from Helicobacter pylori identifies it as a new transcriptional regulator.
  Proteins, 73, 265-268.
PDB code: 2k1o
18084026 I.E.Sánchez, M.Dellarole, K.Gaston, and G.de Prat Gay (2008).
Comprehensive comparison of the interaction of the E2 master regulator with its cognate target DNA sites in 73 human papillomavirus types by sequence statistics.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 36, 756-769.  
18433769 M.J.Bradley, P.T.Chivers, and N.A.Baker (2008).
Molecular dynamics simulation of the Escherichia coli NikR protein: equilibrium conformational fluctuations reveal interdomain allosteric communication pathways.
  J Mol Biol, 378, 1155-1173.  
18478582 P.Poulain, A.Saladin, B.Hartmann, and C.Prévost (2008).
Insights on protein-DNA recognition by coarse grain modelling.
  J Comput Chem, 29, 2582-2592.  
18287032 S.P.Haugen, W.Ross, M.Manrique, and R.L.Gourse (2008).
Fine structure of the promoter-sigma region 1.2 interaction.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105, 3292-3297.  
18586269 Y.Zhou, J.D.Larson, C.A.Bottoms, E.C.Arturo, M.T.Henzl, J.L.Jenkins, J.C.Nix, D.F.Becker, and J.J.Tanner (2008).
Structural basis of the transcriptional regulation of the proline utilization regulon by multifunctional PutA.
  J Mol Biol, 381, 174-188.
PDB code: 2rbf
17522054 E.L.Benanti, and P.T.Chivers (2007).
The N-terminal arm of the Helicobacter pylori Ni2+-dependent transcription factor NikR is required for specific DNA binding.
  J Biol Chem, 282, 20365-20375.  
17676053 E.R.Schreiter, and C.L.Drennan (2007).
Ribbon-helix-helix transcription factors: variations on a theme.
  Nat Rev Microbiol, 5, 710-720.  
17898804 J.Møller-Jensen, S.Ringgaard, C.P.Mercogliano, K.Gerdes, and J.Löwe (2007).
Structural analysis of the ParR/parC plasmid partition complex.
  EMBO J, 26, 4413-4422.
PDB code: 2jd3
18097417 M.A.Schumacher, T.C.Glover, A.J.Brzoska, S.O.Jensen, T.D.Dunham, R.A.Skurray, and N.Firth (2007).
Segrosome structure revealed by a complex of ParR with centromere DNA.
  Nature, 450, 1268-1271.
PDB code: 2q2k
17656583 M.Oberer, K.Zangger, K.Gruber, and W.Keller (2007).
The solution structure of ParD, the antidote of the ParDE toxin antitoxin module, provides the structural basis for DNA and toxin binding.
  Protein Sci, 16, 1676-1688.
PDB code: 2an7
17644524 S.Ringgaard, J.Löwe, and K.Gerdes (2007).
Centromere pairing by a plasmid-encoded type I ParB protein.
  J Biol Chem, 282, 28216-28225.  
16503363 D.Prangishvili, R.A.Garrett, and E.V.Koonin (2006).
Evolutionary genomics of archaeal viruses: unique viral genomes in the third domain of life.
  Virus Res, 117, 52-67.  
16945905 E.R.Schreiter, S.C.Wang, D.B.Zamble, and C.L.Drennan (2006).
NikR-operator complex structure and the mechanism of repressor activation by metal ions.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 103, 13676-13681.
PDB codes: 2hza 2hzv
17001030 J.D.Larson, J.L.Jenkins, J.P.Schuermann, Y.Zhou, D.F.Becker, and J.J.Tanner (2006).
Crystal structures of the DNA-binding domain of Escherichia coli proline utilization A flavoprotein and analysis of the role of Lys9 in DNA recognition.
  Protein Sci, 15, 2630-2641.
PDB codes: 2ay0 2gpe
16982615 K.Mattison, J.S.Wilbur, M.So, and R.G.Brennan (2006).
Structure of FitAB from Neisseria gonorrhoeae bound to DNA reveals a tetramer of toxin-antitoxin heterodimers containing pin domains and ribbon-helix-helix motifs.
  J Biol Chem, 281, 37942-37951.
PDB codes: 2bsq 2h1c 2h1o
16473949 M.Wang, T.E.Wales, and M.C.Fitzgerald (2006).
Conserved thermodynamic contributions of backbone hydrogen bonds in a protein fold.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 103, 2600-2604.  
16820531 M.van Dijk, A.D.van Dijk, V.Hsu, R.Boelens, and A.M.Bonvin (2006).
Information-driven protein-DNA docking using HADDOCK: it is a matter of flexibility.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 34, 3317-3325.  
16528102 W.A.Weihofen, A.Cicek, F.Pratto, J.C.Alonso, and W.Saenger (2006).
Structures of omega repressors bound to direct and inverted DNA repeats explain modulation of transcription.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 34, 1450-1458.
PDB codes: 2bnw 2bnz 2cax
15723352 A.Popescu, A.Karpay, D.A.Israel, R.M.Peek, and A.M.Krezel (2005).
Helicobacter pylori protein HP0222 belongs to Arc/MetJ family of transcriptional regulators.
  Proteins, 59, 303-311.
PDB code: 1x93
15968052 D.M.Ramsey, P.J.Baynham, and D.J.Wozniak (2005).
Binding of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AlgZ to sites upstream of the algZ promoter leads to repression of transcription.
  J Bacteriol, 187, 4430-4443.  
15951570 E.Carmelo, D.Barillà, A.P.Golovanov, L.Y.Lian, A.Derome, and F.Hayes (2005).
The unstructured N-terminal tail of ParG modulates assembly of a quaternary nucleoprotein complex in transcription repression.
  J Biol Chem, 280, 28683-28691.  
16239520 F.D.Ernst, E.J.Kuipers, A.Heijens, R.Sarwari, J.Stoof, C.W.Penn, J.G.Kusters, and A.H.van Vliet (2005).
The nickel-responsive regulator NikR controls activation and repression of gene transcription in Helicobacter pylori.
  Infect Immun, 73, 7252-7258.  
16285868 G.Ebersbach, and K.Gerdes (2005).
Plasmid segregation mechanisms.
  Annu Rev Genet, 39, 453-479.  
16021620 J.N.Sarakatsannis, and Y.Duan (2005).
Statistical characterization of salt bridges in proteins.
  Proteins, 60, 732-739.  
15864262 K.Gerdes, S.K.Christensen, and A.Løbner-Olesen (2005).
Prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin stress response loci.
  Nat Rev Microbiol, 3, 371-382.  
16164413 K.Welfle, F.Pratto, R.Misselwitz, J.Behlke, J.C.Alonso, and H.Welfle (2005).
Role of the N-terminal region and of beta-sheet residue Thr29 on the activity of the omega2 global regulator from the broad-host range Streptococcus pyogenes plasmid pSM19035.
  Biol Chem, 386, 881-894.  
15689399 R.K.Tabtiang, B.O.Cezairliyan, R.A.Grant, J.C.Cochrane, and R.T.Sauer (2005).
Consolidating critical binding determinants by noncyclic rearrangement of protein secondary structure.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 2305-2309.
PDB code: 1u9p
16344489 T.A.Anderson, M.H.Cordes, and R.T.Sauer (2005).
Sequence determinants of a conformational switch in a protein structure.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 18344-18349.  
15743936 X.Zhao, and R.D.Magnuson (2005).
Percolation of the phd repressor-operator interface.
  J Bacteriol, 187, 1901-1912.  
15190131 A.B.de la Hoz, F.Pratto, R.Misselwitz, C.Speck, W.Weihofen, K.Welfle, W.Saenger, H.Welfle, and J.C.Alonso (2004).
Recognition of DNA by omega protein from the broad-host range Streptococcus pyogenes plasmid pSM19035: analysis of binding to operator DNA with one to four heptad repeats.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 32, 3136-3147.  
15155740 D.Gu, Y.Zhou, V.Kallhoff, B.Baban, J.J.Tanner, and D.F.Becker (2004).
Identification and characterization of the DNA-binding domain of the multifunctional PutA flavoenzyme.
  J Biol Chem, 279, 31171-31176.  
15289576 T.K.Man, J.S.Yang, and G.D.Stormo (2004).
Quantitative modeling of DNA-protein interactions: effects of amino acid substitutions on binding specificity of the Mnt repressor.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 32, 4026-4032.  
14625590 A.Guasch, M.Lucas, G.Moncalián, M.Cabezas, R.Pérez-Luque, F.X.Gomis-Rüth, F.de la Cruz, and M.Coll (2003).
Recognition and processing of the origin of transfer DNA by conjugative relaxase TrwC.
  Nat Struct Biol, 10, 1002-1010.
PDB codes: 1omh 1osb 1qx0
14622405 A.P.Golovanov, D.Barillà, M.Golovanova, F.Hayes, and L.Y.Lian (2003).
ParG, a protein required for active partition of bacterial plasmids, has a dimeric ribbon-helix-helix structure.
  Mol Microbiol, 50, 1141-1153.
PDB code: 1p94
14645293 D.J.Wozniak, A.B.Sprinkle, and P.J.Baynham (2003).
Control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa algZ expression by the alternative sigma factor AlgT.
  J Bacteriol, 185, 7297-7300.  
12970756 E.R.Schreiter, M.D.Sintchak, Y.Guo, P.T.Chivers, R.T.Sauer, and C.L.Drennan (2003).
Crystal structure of the nickel-responsive transcription factor NikR.
  Nat Struct Biol, 10, 794-799.
PDB codes: 1q5v 1q5y
  14700628 L.Ma, and M.C.Fitzgerald (2003).
A new H/D exchange- and mass spectrometry-based method for thermodynamic analysis of protein-DNA interactions.
  Chem Biol, 10, 1205-1213.  
12829270 S.B.Mulrooney, and R.P.Hausinger (2003).
Nickel uptake and utilization by microorganisms.
  FEMS Microbiol Rev, 27, 239-261.  
12682016 S.X.Cohen, M.Moulin, S.Hashemolhosseini, K.Kilian, M.Wegner, and C.W.Müller (2003).
Structure of the GCM domain-DNA complex: a DNA-binding domain with a novel fold and mode of target site recognition.
  EMBO J, 22, 1835-1845.
PDB code: 1odh
12490722 F.S.Silbaq, S.E.Ruttenberg, and G.D.Stormo (2002).
Specificity of Mnt 'master residue' obtained from in vivo and in vitro selections.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 30, 5539-5548.  
12193609 G.del Solar, A.M.Hernández-Arriaga, F.X.Gomis-Rüth, M.Coll, and M.Espinosa (2002).
A genetically economical family of plasmid-encoded transcriptional repressors involved in control of plasmid copy number.
  J Bacteriol, 184, 4943-4951.  
  11897024 L.M.Iyer, E.V.Koonin, and L.Aravind (2002).
Extensive domain shuffling in transcription regulators of DNA viruses and implications for the origin of fungal APSES transcription factors.
  Genome Biol, 3, RESEARCH0012.  
11867549 M.A.Schumacher, M.C.Miller, S.Grkovic, M.H.Brown, R.A.Skurray, and R.G.Brennan (2002).
Structural basis for cooperative DNA binding by two dimers of the multidrug-binding protein QacR.
  EMBO J, 21, 1210-1218.
PDB code: 1jt0
11809880 N.A.Pavlov, D.I.Cherny, I.V.Nazimov, A.I.Slesarev, and V.Subramaniam (2002).
Identification, cloning and characterization of a new DNA-binding protein from the hyperthermophilic methanogen Methanopyrus kandleri.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 30, 685-694.  
11792322 R.C.Deo, C.M.Groft, K.R.Rajashankar, and S.K.Burley (2002).
Recognition of the rotavirus mRNA 3' consensus by an asymmetric NSP3 homodimer.
  Cell, 108, 71-81.
PDB code: 1knz
11226234 A.Berggrun, and R.T.Sauer (2001).
Contributions of distinct quaternary contacts to cooperative operator binding by Mnt repressor.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 2301-2305.  
11741530 C.W.Garvie, and C.Wolberger (2001).
Recognition of specific DNA sequences.
  Mol Cell, 8, 937-946.  
11160922 G.Lipps, M.Stegert, and G.Krauss (2001).
Thermostable and site-specific DNA binding of the gene product ORF56 from the Sulfolobus islandicus plasmid pRN1, a putative archael plasmid copy control protein.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 29, 904-913.  
11248040 M.J.Nohaile, Z.S.Hendsch, B.Tidor, and R.T.Sauer (2001).
Altering dimerization specificity by changes in surface electrostatics.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 3109-3114.  
11717268 S.Grkovic, M.H.Brown, M.A.Schumacher, R.G.Brennan, and R.A.Skurray (2001).
The staphylococcal QacR multidrug regulator binds a correctly spaced operator as a pair of dimers.
  J Bacteriol, 183, 7102-7109.  
11410653 T.K.Man, and G.D.Stormo (2001).
Non-independence of Mnt repressor-operator interaction determined by a new quantitative multiple fluorescence relative affinity (QuMFRA) assay.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 29, 2471-2478.  
11258958 T.Stockner, C.Plugariu, G.Koraimann, G.Högenauer, W.Bermel, S.Prytulla, and H.Sterk (2001).
Solution structure of the DNA-binding domain of TraM.
  Biochemistry, 40, 3370-3377.
PDB code: 1dp3
10889040 A.K.Srivastava, and R.T.Sauer (2000).
Evidence for partial secondary structure formation in the transition state for arc repressor refolding and dimerization.
  Biochemistry, 39, 8308-8314.  
11015231 C.R.Robinson, and R.T.Sauer (2000).
Striking stabilization of Arc repressor by an engineered disulfide bond.
  Biochemistry, 39, 12494-12502.  
  10986458 C.W.Garvie, and S.E.Phillips (2000).
Direct and indirect readout in mutant Met repressor-operator complexes.
  Structure, 8, 905-914.
PDB codes: 1mj2 1mjm 1mjo 1mjp 1mjq
  11104519 N.M.Luscombe, S.E.Austin, H.M.Berman, and J.M.Thornton (2000).
An overview of the structures of protein-DNA complexes.
  Genome Biol, 1, REVIEWS001.  
10051581 B.M.Brown, and R.T.Sauer (1999).
Tolerance of Arc repressor to multiple-alanine substitutions.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 1983-1988.  
9915794 E.Gazit, and R.T.Sauer (1999).
Stability and DNA binding of the phd protein of the phage P1 plasmid addiction system.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 2652-2657.  
9927650 J.F.Schildbach, A.W.Karzai, B.E.Raumann, and R.T.Sauer (1999).
Origins of DNA-binding specificity: role of protein contacts with the DNA backbone.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 811-817.
PDB codes: 1baz 1bdt 1bdv
  10048325 M.H.Cordes, and R.T.Sauer (1999).
Tolerance of a protein to multiple polar-to-hydrophobic surface substitutions.
  Protein Sci, 8, 318-325.  
10661868 M.Oberer, H.Lindner, O.Glatter, C.Kratky, and W.Keller (1999).
Thermodynamic properties and DNA binding of the ParD protein from the broad host-range plasmid RK2/RP4 killing system.
  Biol Chem, 380, 1413-1420.  
10476040 P.J.Baynham, A.L.Brown, L.L.Hall, and D.J.Wozniak (1999).
Pseudomonas aeruginosa AlgZ, a ribbon-helix-helix DNA-binding protein, is essential for alginate synthesis and algD transcriptional activation.
  Mol Microbiol, 33, 1069-1080.  
10391902 P.L.Lum, and J.F.Schildbach (1999).
Specific DNA recognition by F Factor TraY involves beta-sheet residues.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 19644-19648.  
  10595554 P.T.Chivers, and R.T.Sauer (1999).
NikR is a ribbon-helix-helix DNA-binding protein.
  Protein Sci, 8, 2494-2500.  
9600894 C.R.Robinson, and R.T.Sauer (1998).
Optimizing the stability of single-chain proteins by linker length and composition mutagenesis.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 5929-5934.  
9482860 C.R.Robinson, and S.G.Sligar (1998).
Changes in solvation during DNA binding and cleavage are critical to altered specificity of the EcoRI endonuclease.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 2186-2191.  
  9732276 F.W.Whipple, E.F.Hou, and A.Hochschild (1998).
Amino acid-amino acid contacts at the cooperativity interface of the bacteriophage lambda and P22 repressors.
  Genes Dev, 12, 2791-2802.  
9857196 F.X.Gomis-Rüth, M.Solá, P.Acebo, A.Párraga, A.Guasch, R.Eritja, A.González, M.Espinosa, G.del Solar, and M.Coll (1998).
The structure of plasmid-encoded transcriptional repressor CopG unliganded and bound to its operator.
  EMBO J, 17, 7404-7415.
PDB codes: 1b01 2cpg
9430665 J.F.Schildbach, C.R.Robinson, and R.T.Sauer (1998).
Biophysical characterization of the TraY protein of Escherichia coli F factor.
  J Biol Chem, 273, 1329-1333.  
9734780 K.Taki, T.Abo, and E.Ohtsubo (1998).
Regulatory mechanisms in expression of the traY-I operon of sex factor plasmid R100: involvement of traJ and traY gene products.
  Genes Cells, 3, 331-345.  
9736626 M.D.Allen, K.Yamasaki, M.Ohme-Takagi, M.Tateno, and M.Suzuki (1998).
A novel mode of DNA recognition by a beta-sheet revealed by the solution structure of the GCC-box binding domain in complex with DNA.
  EMBO J, 17, 5484-5496.
PDB codes: 1gcc 2gcc 3gcc
9668115 M.K.Shirra, and U.Hansen (1998).
LSF and NTF-1 share a conserved DNA recognition motif yet require different oligomerization states to form a stable protein-DNA complex.
  J Biol Chem, 273, 19260-19268.  
9736624 M.Newman, K.Lunnen, G.Wilson, J.Greci, I.Schildkraut, and S.E.Phillips (1998).
Crystal structure of restriction endonuclease BglI bound to its interrupted DNA recognition sequence.
  EMBO J, 17, 5466-5476.
PDB code: 1dmu
9672043 X.Barril, C.Alemán, M.Orozco, and F.J.Luque (1998).
Salt bridge interactions: stability of the ionic and neutral complexes in the gas phase, in solution, and in proteins.
  Proteins, 32, 67-79.  
9741623 Y.Shi, Y.F.Wang, L.Jayaraman, H.Yang, J.Massagué, and N.P.Pavletich (1998).
Crystal structure of a Smad MH1 domain bound to DNA: insights on DNA binding in TGF-beta signaling.
  Cell, 94, 585-594.
PDB code: 1mhd
9305935 A.H.Lauber, T.J.Barrett, M.Subramaniam, M.Schuchard, and T.C.Spelsberg (1997).
A DNA-binding element for a steroid receptor-binding factor is flanked by dual nuclear matrix DNA attachment sites in the c-myc gene promoter.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 24657-24665.  
9032054 M.A.Kercher, P.Lu, and M.Lewis (1997).
Lac repressor-operator complex.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 7, 76-85.  
9782775 M.Tateno, K.Yamasaki, N.Amano, J.Kakinuma, H.Koike, M.D.Allen, and M.Suzuki (1997).
DNA recognition by beta-sheets.
  Biopolymers, 44, 335-359.  
  9045838 P.E.Boucher, K.Murakami, A.Ishihama, and S.Stibitz (1997).
Nature of DNA binding and RNA polymerase interaction of the Bordetella pertussis BvgA transcriptional activator at the fha promoter.
  J Bacteriol, 179, 1755-1763.  
9160747 X.Duan, F.S.Gimble, and F.A.Quiocho (1997).
Crystal structure of PI-SceI, a homing endonuclease with protein splicing activity.
  Cell, 89, 555-564.
PDB code: 1vde
8610092 C.D.Waldburger, T.Jonsson, and R.T.Sauer (1996).
Barriers to protein folding: formation of buried polar interactions is a slow step in acquisition of structure.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 2629-2634.  
8805260 D.Moras, and A.Poterszman (1996).
Getting into the major groove. Protein-RNA interactions.
  Curr Biol, 6, 530-532.  
  8830688 H.Kolmar, P.R.Waller, and R.T.Sauer (1996).
The DegP and DegQ periplasmic endoproteases of Escherichia coli: specificity for cleavage sites and substrate conformation.
  J Bacteriol, 178, 5925-5929.  
  8824627 P.M.Silverman, and A.Sholl (1996).
Effect of traY amber mutations on F-plasmid traY promoter activity in vivo.
  J Bacteriol, 178, 5787-5789.  
8702525 R.Magnuson, H.Lehnherr, G.Mukhopadhyay, and M.B.Yarmolinsky (1996).
Autoregulation of the plasmid addiction operon of bacteriophage P1.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 18705-18710.  
17029807 T.Härd, and T.Lundbäck (1996).
Thermodynamics of sequence-specific protein-DNA interactions.
  Biophys Chem, 62, 121-139.  
8799119 T.L.Smith, and R.T.Sauer (1996).
Dual regulation of open-complex formation and promoter clearance by Arc explains a novel repressor to activator switch.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 8868-8872.  
8809770 W.C.Nelson, and S.W.Matson (1996).
The F plasmid traY gene product binds DNA as a monomer or a dimer: structural and functional implications.
  Mol Microbiol, 20, 1179-1187.  
7773740 A.K.Aggarwal (1995).
Structure and function of restriction endonucleases.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 5, 11-19.  
8846224 B.E.Raumann, K.L.Knight, and R.T.Sauer (1995).
Dramatic changes in DNA-binding specificity caused by single residue substitutions in an Arc/Mnt hybrid repressor.
  Nat Struct Biol, 2, 1115-1122.  
7749923 B.W.Matthews (1995).
Can proteins be turned inside-out?
  Nat Struct Biol, 2, 85-86.  
7749916 C.D.Waldburger, J.F.Schildbach, and R.T.Sauer (1995).
Are buried salt bridges important for protein stability and conformational specificity?
  Nat Struct Biol, 2, 122-128.
PDB code: 1myl
7540055 G.Siligardi, and A.F.Drake (1995).
The importance of extended conformations and, in particular, the PII conformation for the molecular recognition of peptides.
  Biopolymers, 37, 281-292.  
  7737131 I.Brukner, R.Sánchez, D.Suck, and S.Pongor (1995).
Sequence-dependent bending propensity of DNA as revealed by DNase I: parameters for trinucleotides.
  EMBO J, 14, 1812-1818.  
  7773178 L.Shimoni, and J.P.Glusker (1995).
Hydrogen bonding motifs of protein side chains: descriptions of binding of arginine and amide groups.
  Protein Sci, 4, 65-74.  
7610037 M.Suzuki, and N.Yagi (1995).
Stereochemical basis of DNA bending by transcription factors.
  Nucleic Acids Res, 23, 2083-2091.  
7603430 T.Oshima, K.Ito, H.Kabayama, and Y.Nakamura (1995).
Regulation of lrp gene expression by H-NS and Lrp proteins in Escherichia coli: dominant negative mutations in lrp.
  Mol Gen Genet, 247, 521-528.  
8058788 D.Foguel, and J.L.Silva (1994).
Cold denaturation of a repressor-operator complex: the role of entropy in protein-DNA recognition.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91, 8244-8247.  
  7756976 K.E.Neet, and D.E.Timm (1994).
Conformational stability of dimeric proteins: quantitative studies by equilibrium denaturation.
  Protein Sci, 3, 2167-2174.  
7664079 M.E.Milla, B.M.Brown, and R.T.Sauer (1994).
Protein stability effects of a complete set of alanine substitutions in Arc repressor.
  Nat Struct Biol, 1, 518-523.  
  8076590 X.Cheng, K.Balendiran, I.Schildkraut, and J.E.Anderson (1994).
Structure of PvuII endonuclease with cognate DNA.
  EMBO J, 13, 3927-3935.
PDB code: 1pvi
The most recent references are shown first. Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be only a partial list as not all journals are covered by either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data so more and more references will be included with time. Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB code is shown on the right.